Table of Contents
Chapter 1: The Envelope
Clause | Periods | Documents | Categories | |
Section 1: Scribes and Notaries | ||||
1. | Witnesses | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | All | Envelop |
2. | Syngraphophylax | Ptol. | All | Envelop |
3. | Agoranomos | Ptol., Rom. | All | Envelop |
4. | Concluding Line (Wills) | Rom. | Will | Envelop |
5. | Charagmos | Rom. | Sale | Envelop |
7. | Diagraphe | Rom. | Sale, Credit | Envelop |
8. | Diagraphe (Extensive) | Rom. | Sale, Credit | Envelop |
9. | Bank (Abridged Wording) | Rom. | Sale, Credit, Lease | Envelop |
10. | Epakolouthesis | Rom. | Sale, Credit | Envelop |
11. | Tabellio | Byz. | All | Envelop |
12. | Scribal Activity | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | All | Envelop |
Section 2: Subscription | ||||
1. | Hypographeus | Rom. | All | Envelop |
2. | Hypographe | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | All | Envelop |
3. | Anagnosis | Rom. | Will | Envelop, Testamentary |
4. | Affirmation of Validity | Byz. | Will | Envelop, Testamentary |
5. | Epitetacha | Rom. | All. | Envelop |
6. | Egrapsen | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | All | Envelop |
7. | Personal Description | Ptol., Rom. | All | Envelop |
8. | Registry of Slaves | Ptol., Rom. | Sale | Envelop |
9. | Epigegrammai Kyrios | Rom. | All | Envelop |
10. | Gnoster | Ptol., Rom. | Marriage, Sale, Manumission | Envelop |
11. | Acknowledgement by Purchaser | Rom. | Sale | Envelop |
12. | Acknowledgement by Vendor | Rom.rare | Sale | Envelop |
13. | Acknowledgement by Borrower | Ptol., Rom. | Credit | Envelop |
14. | Acknowledgement by Lender | Rom. | Credit | Envelop |
15. | Acknowledgement by Lessee | Ptol., Rom. | Lease | Envelop |
16. | Γέγονε εἰς ἐμέ | Rom. | All | Envelop |
17. | Request for Endorsement | Rom. | Lease | Envelop |
18. | Endorsement | Rom. | Lease | Envelop |
19. | Eudokesis | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | All | Envelop |
Section 3: History of the Contract | ||||
1. | Earlier Transaction | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | All | Envelop |
2. | Background | Rom., Byz. | All | Envelop |
3. | Bibl. Enkt.: Existing Registration | Rom.2 | Credit | Envelop |
4. | Apographe, Bibl. Enkt., Anticipation | Ptol., Rom. | Sale | Envelop |
5. | Anakrisis | Rom. | Sale | Envelop |
Section 4: Future Measures | ||||
1. | Anticipatory Clause | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Sale, Marriage, Credit | Envelop |
2. | Failure to Perform Anticipated Act | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Sale, Marriage, Credit | Envelop |
3. | Apographe (Camels and Livestock) | Rom. | Sale, Marriage, Credit | Envelop |
4. | Apographe, Bibl. Enkt., Anticipation | Rom. | Sale | Envelop |
5. | Metepigraphe | Rom. | Sale | Envelop |
6. | Demosiosis Clause | Rom. | Sale, Credit | Envelop |
7. | Kyrosis/Paradeixis | Rom. | Sale, Lease | Envelop |
8, | Absence of Kyrosis | Rom. | Sale, Lease | Envelop |
Section 5: Validation | ||||
1. | Kyria | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | All | Envelop |
2. | Asphaleia | Rom., Byz. | All | Envelop |
3. | Stipulatio | Rom., Byz. | All | Envelop |
4. | Oath | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | All | Envelop |
Section 6: Framework | ||||
1. | Extract | Ptol., Rom. | All | Envelop |
2. | Title Line | Ptol. Rom. | All | Envelop |
3. | Agathe Tyche | Rom. | Matrimonial, Will | Envelop |
4. | Axioumen | Rom. | All | Envelop |
5. | Docket | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | All | Envelop |
Section 7: Execution |
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1. | Praxis | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | All | Envelop |
2. | Agogimos | Ptol., Rom. | Credit | Envelop |
3. | Skepe-Pistis | Rom. | Credit | Envelop |
4. | Protopraxia | Rom. | Credit, Sale | Envelop |
Chapter 2: Creation Clause
Section 1: Conveyance of Species | ||||
1. | Act of Leasing Clause | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Lease | Creation Clause |
2. | Duration Clause | Ptol. | Lease | Creation Clause |
3. | Act of Sale Clause | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Sale | Creation Clause |
4. | Cession of Property | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Sale | Creation Clause |
5. | Record of Payment of Conveyance Tax | Ptol., Rom. | Sale, Loan with Security | Taxation |
6. | Disclosure of Material Defects | Rom., non-Egyptian | Sale, Slaves | Warranty |
7. | Consequences of Disclosure of Material Defects | Rom. | Slave | Warranty, Penalty |
8. | Institutio Heredis | Rom., Byz. | Wills | Testamentary, Creation |
9. | Bequeathal Clause | Ptol., Rom., | Wills | Creation, Testamentary |
10. | Donations and Dispositions inter vivos | Byz.Rom., Byz. | Wills | Creation, Testamentary |
11. | Apportionment of Estate (diairesis) | Rom., Byz. | Diairesis | Cretion |
12. | Allotment in Diairesis | Rom., Byz, | Diairesis | Creation Clause |
13, | Antikatallage | Late Rom., Byz. | Antikatallage | Creation Clause |
Section 2: Change of Personal Status | ||||
14. | Manumission | Ptol., Rom. | Manumission | Creation Clause |
15. | Adoption | Late Roman | Adoptions | Creation Clause |
16. | Act of Marriage (Miscellaneous) | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Marriage | Creation Clause |
17. | Dowry | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Marriage | Creation Clause |
Section 3: Conveyance of Fungibles | ||||
18. | Act of Loan | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Credit | Creation Clause |
19. | Purpose of Loan | Rom. | Credit | Creation Clause |
20. | Act of Sale: Fungibles | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Sale | Creation Clause |
Section 4: Conveyance of Persons | ||||
21. | Creation of Prospective Employer–Employee Relationship | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Labour | Creation Clause |
22. | Creation of Partnership | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Labour | Creation Clause |
23. | Nursing Clause | Rom. | Labour | Creation Clause |
24. | Substitution in Liturgy | Late Roman | Labour | Creation Clause |
25. | Appointment as a Surrogate Liturgist | Rom. | Labour | Creation Clause |
26. | Ekdosis | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Labour, Marriage | Creation Clause |
27. | Paralempsis | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Labour | Creation Clause |
28. | Parechomai | Rom. | Labour | Creation Clause |
29. | Empowerment (systasis) | Rom., Byz. | Labour | Creation Clause |
30. | Auto-Misthosis | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Labour | Creation Clause |
31. | Auto-Synthesis | Byz. | Labour | Creation Clause |
Chapter 3: Remuneration
Section 1: Object of Payment | ||||
1. | Price | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Sale | Remuneration |
2. | Postponed Payment of Price | Rom. | Sale | Remuneration, Penalty |
3. | Rent | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Lease | Remuneration |
4. | Rent, Sharecropping | Rom., Byz. | Lease | Remuneration |
5. | Salary | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Labour | Remuneration |
6. | Failure to Pay Salary | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Labour | Remuneration, Penalty |
7. | Interest | Byz. | Credit | Remuneration |
Section 2: Prepayments and Special Payments | ||||
8. | Arrhabon | Rom., Byz. | Sale, Labour | Remuneration |
9. | Prodoma | Ptol., Rom. | Lease, Labour | Remuneration |
10. | Return of Prodoma | Ptol. | Lease | Remuneration |
11. | Failure to Return Prodoma | Ptol. | Lease | Remuneration, Penalty |
12. | Prepayment | Rom., Byz. | Labour, Lease | Remuneration |
13. | Syneteia | Byz. | Labour | Remuneration |
14. | Hyperesia | Late Roman | Labour | Remuneration |
15. | Supply of Workers in a Lease Arrangement | Byz.3 | Lease | Remuneration |
16. | Farewell Gift from Master | Rom.3 | Labour | Remuneration |
Section 3: Modes of Delivery | ||||
17. | Delivery of Salary in Labour Contracts | Rom., Byz. | Labour | Remuneration |
18. | Delivery in Lease | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Lease | Remuneration |
19. | Failure to Deliver Rent | Ptol., Rom., Byz.rare | Lease | Remuneration, Compensation |
20. | Repayment of Loan | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Credit | Termination |
21. | Settlement of Debt | Ptol., Rom. | Credit | Termination |
22. | Failure to Return Loan | Ptol., Rom., Byz.rare | Credit | Termination, Compensation |
23. | Surrender of Purchased Object: Fungibles | Ptol.1, Rom., Byz. | Sale | Performance |
24. | Wine Quality Warranty | Byz, | Sale | Performance |
25. | Totally Degraded Wine Quality | Byz. | Sale | Performance, Penalty |
26. | Assertion of Payment | Byz. (But Dem. much earlier) | Credit | Remuneration |
27. | Failure to Surrender Object of Purchase | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Sale | Performance, Penalty |
28. | Return of Dowry | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Marriage | Termination |
29. | Consequences of Failure to Return of Dowry | Ptol., Rom. | Marriage | Termination, Penalty |
Section 4: Alternative Means of Defrayment | ||||
30. | Antichresis (land) | Rom. | Loan | Remuneration, Security, Penalty |
31. | Antichresis (persons) | Rom. | Loan/Labour | Remuneration |
32. | Enoikesis | Ptol., Rom. | Loan | Remuneration, Security |
33. | Kyrieueto | Ptol., Rom. | Lease | Remuneration, Security |
Section 5: Deductions and Additions | ||||
34. | Hypologos | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Lease | Remuneration |
35. | Prostheke | Byz.1 | Lease | Remuneration |
36. | Epigeorgein | Ptol. | Lease | Remuneration |
37. | Epileipsis | Ptol.1 | Lease | Remuneration |
38. | Abrochos | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Lease | Remuneration |
39. | Land Lost due to Inundation | Byz.1 | Lease | Remuneration |
40. | Additional Land | Ptol.1 | Lease | Remuneration |
41. | Gonê | Rom. | Lease | Yields |
42. | Surplus | Rom.1 | Lease/Sale | Yields |
43. | Illness | Rom.1 | Labour | Duties |
Chapter 4: Security
1. | Surety | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Credit | Security |
2. | No Surrender of Debtor by Surety | Rom.1 | Credit | Remedy |
3. | Restraint Clause | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Credit | Security |
4. | Hypotheke | Ptol., Rom., Byz, | Credit | Security |
5. | Destruction of Debasement of Hypothecated Property | Ptol., Rom. | Credit | Security/Remedy |
6. | Hypallagma | Rom. | Credit | Security |
7. | Menein Clause | Rom. | Credit | Security |
8. | Dotal Security (Greek) | Ptol.1 | Marriage | Security |
9. | Enechyron | Mostly Byz. | Credit | Security |
10. | Foreclosure | Ptol.1, Rom. | Credit | Security |
11. | Enechyrasia | Ptol.1 | Credit | Security/Remedy |
12. | Redemption of Pledge | Rom.1 | Credit | Security |
13. | Failure to Return Pledge | Ptol.1, Rom.1 | Credit | Security |
14. | Apostasion and Proprasis | Ptol., Rom. | Marriage | Security |
15. | Hypotheca Generalis | Byz. | All | Security |
Chapter 5: Paramone
1. | Anachoresis | Byz. | Labour | Paramone |
2. | Penalty on Anachoresis | Byz. | Labour | Paramone, Penalty |
3. | Ἀπορρίπτειν | Rom. | Wet-Nurse | Paramone |
4. | Apospasis | Rom., Byz. | Apprenticeship | Paramone |
5. | Failed Apospasis | Rom., Byz. | Apprenticeship | Paramone, Penalty |
6. | Apostasis | Mostly Byz. | Labour/Lease | Paramone |
7. | Consequences of Apostasis | Byz. | Labour/Lease | Paramone |
8. | Day and Night Absence | Ptol., Rom. | Labour | Paramone |
9. | Consequences of Day and Night Absence | Rom. | Labour | Paramone, Penalty |
10. | Drasmos | Rom. | Sale | Paramone |
11. | Ἐκβάλλειν | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Labour/Lease | Paramone |
12. | Consequences of Ἐκβάλλειν | Rom., Byz. | Labour/Lease | Paramone, Penalty |
13. | Prolipein, Apolipein | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Lease | Paramone |
14. | Consequences of Prolipein, Apolipein | Ptol., Rom. | Lease | Paramone, Penalty |
15. | Paramone | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Labour | Paramone |
16. | Consequences of Failed Paramone | Ptol., Rom. | Labour | Paramone, Penalty |
17. | End of the Paramone | Rom.1 | Labour | Paramone, Termination |
18. | Metamisthosis | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Lease | Termination, Paramone, Penalty |
Chapter 6: Duties
Section 1: Agricultural Context | ||||
1. | Duties in Lease (general) | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Lease | Duties |
2. | Sowing | Ptol., Rom. | Lease | Duties |
3. | Failed Sowing | Ptol., Rom.rare | Lease | Duties, Penalty |
4. | Keeping the Land Fallow | Ptol., Rom. | Lease | Duties |
5. | Failing to Keep the Land Fallow | Ptol.1 | Lease | Duties, Compensation |
6. | Irrigation | Rom., Byz. | Lease/Labour | Duties |
7. | Failure to Irrigate | Rom.2 | Lease | Duties, Penalty |
8. | Prohibition against Drawing Water | Byz.1 | Sale | Duties |
9. | Maintenance of Dykes | Rom., Byz.1 | Lease | Duties |
10. | Koitasmos | Rom.3 | Lease | Duties |
Section 2: Non-Agricultural Context | ||||
11. | Account of Duties in Contracts of Labour | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Labour | Duties |
12. | Exclusivity Clause | Ptol.1, Rom.2 | Labour | Duties |
13. | Injunction against Hiring Workers | Rom.2 | Labour | Duties |
14. | Breach by Employer | Rom.1 | Lease | Duties |
15. | Construction Clause | Ptol.rare, Rom., Byz.rare | Mostly Leases | Duties |
16. | Wine Storage | Byz.1 | Sale | Duties |
Section 3: Apprenticeship, Wet-Nurse and Service Contracts | ||||
17. | Obligation to Teach | Rom., Byz. | Apprenticeship | Duties |
18. | Failure to Teach | Rom. | Apprenticeship | Duties, Compensation |
19. | Idleness | Rom. | Apprenticeship | Compensation |
20. | Days of Rest | Rom. | Service | Duties |
21. | Violation of Rest Clause | Rom.1 | Labour | Compensation |
22. | Wet Nurse’s Due Conduct | Rom. | Wet-nurse | Labour |
23. | Safekeeping in Labour | Rom. | Wet-nurse, Performers | Duties |
24. | Failed Safekeeping in Labour | Rom. | Wet-nurse | Compensation |
Section 4: Liturgies | ||||
25. | Exoneration | Rom. | Liturgies | Duties |
26. | Immunity of Employee | Rom. | Liturgies | Duties |
27. | Cooperation of Employer | Rom.1 | Labour | Duties |
28. | Arrears | Rom.2 | Liturgies | Compensation |
Section 5: Marriage | ||||
29. | Symbiosis | Rom. | Marriage | Duties |
30. | Husband’s Due Conduct | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Marriage | Duties |
31. | Husband’s Misconduct | Ptol., Byz. | Marriage | Penalty |
32. | Wife’s Due Conduct | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Marriage | Duties |
33. | Wife’s Misconduct | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Marriage | Penalty |
Section 6: Violation of Duty | ||||
34. | Breach of Terms of Contract (General) | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | All | Penalty |
Section 7: Standard of Conduct | ||||
35. | Epimeleia | Rom., Byz. | Lease | Duties |
36. | Kataphronesis | Byz. | Lease | Duties, Penalty |
37. | Blabos | Ptol., Rom., Byz. (In all periods rare) | Lease | Compensation |
38. | Loss of Object of Service | Rom.1 | Labour (transportation contract) | Duties |
39. | Theft | Rom., Byz. | Lease, Loan | Compensation |
Chapter 7: Provisions
Section 1: Expenses | ||||
1. | Expenses (general) | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Lease | Provisions |
2. | Seeds | Ptol., Rom. | Lease | Provisions |
3. | Prochreia | Rom., Byz. | Labour, Credit, Lease | Provisions |
4. | Animals in Lease | Rom., Byz. | Lease | Provisions |
5. | Athanatos | Rom., Byz | Lease | Provisions |
6. | Supply of Materials | Rom., Byz | Lease, Labour, Sale (fung.) | Provisions |
7. | Workers’ Transport and per Diem | Rom.3 | Labour | Provisions |
Section 2: Allowances | ||||
1. | Maintenance in Labour | Rom., Byz. | Labour | Provisions |
2. | Provisions for Employee | Ptol., Rom. | Labour | Provisions |
3. | Allowance for Apprentice | Rom.1 | Labour | Provisions |
4. | Maintenance in Marriage | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Marriage | Provisions |
5. | Provisions for the Elderly | Ptol.Rom. | Marriage, Wills | Provisions |
Section 3: Taxes | ||||
1. | Taxes in Sale | Rom. | Sale | Taxation |
2. | Taxes in Credit | Ptol.1, Rom. | Credit | Taxation |
3. | Taxes in Labour | Ptol.1, Rom. | Apprenticeship | Taxation |
4. | Taxes in Lease | Ptol.rare, Rom., Byz.rare | Lease | Taxation |
Chapter 8: Capacity
1. | Capacity Clause | Rom., Byz. | Sale | Capacity |
2. | Capacities of Pledgee | Byz. | Credit | Capacity, Security, Remuneration |
3. | Capacities of Lessee | Rom., Byz. | Lease | Capacity |
4. | Capacities of Lessor | Rom.1 | Lease | Capacity |
5. | Rights of Widow | Rom., Byz.1 | Wills | Capacity, Testamentary |
6. | Usufruct in Marriage | Rom.4 | Marriage | Capacity |
Chapter 9: Warranty
1. | Propoletes | Ptol., Rom.rare | Sale | Warranty |
2. | Bebaiosis | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Sale, Lease, Credit | Warranty |
3. | Consequences of thwarted Bebaiosis | Ptol., Rom. Byz. | Lease, Sale | Warranty, Penalty |
4. | Basilikon Kolyma | Ptol.3 | Lease | Compensation, Penalty |
5. | Surrender of purchased Object | Ptol.rare, Rom., Byz.rare | Sale | Warranty |
6. | Surrender of pledged Object | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Credit | Security, Warranty |
7. | Surrender of Object of Lease | Ptol.2, Rom.2 | Lease | Warranty |
8. | Consequences of thwarted Bebaiosis and Thwarted Surrender | Ptol.1, Rom. | Sale | Penalty |
9. | Costs involving Court Action | Byz.1 | Credit | Warranty |
10. | Defension | Rom., Byz. | Sale | Warranty |
11. | Consequences of thwarted Defension | Rom., Byz. | Sale | Penalty |
12. | Consequences of thwarted Bebaiosis and thwarted Defension | Rom.1 | Sale | Penalty |
13. | Injunction against Lawsuit | Rom., Byz. | All | Warranty |
14. | Compliance with Terms of Contract | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Diairesis | Warranty |
15. | Challenging the Disposition | Rom., Byz. | Diairesis, Will | Penalty |
16. | Penalty for Bringing Suit | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Sale, Diairesis, Will, Labour | Penalty |
17. | Penalty for Challenge and Thwarted Bebaiosis | Rom., Byz. | Sale | Penalty |
18. | Consequence of Challenge, Non-Performance of Bebaiosis and failed Defension | Rom.1 | Sale | Penalty |
19. | General Penalty Clause | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | All | Penalty |
Chapter 10: Termination
1. | Restitution of Leased Object | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Lease | Termination |
2. | Consequences of Failure to Return Leased Object | Rom. | Lease | Penalty, Termination |
3. | Prohibition of Forced Lease | Rom.2 | Lease | Termination |
4. | Return of Antichretic Property | Rom.3 | Credit | Termination, Security, Remuneration |
5. | Delivery of Manufactured Object | Rom.1 | Labour | Termination |
6. | Worker’s Return after Completion | Rom. | Apprenticeship, Wet-Nurse | Termination |
7. | Consequences of Failure to Effect Restitution in Labour | Ptol., Rom.rare | Labour | Termination |
8. | Replacement Clause (persons) | Rom. | Labour (Wet-Nurse, apprenticeship) | Termination, Duties |
9. | Consequences of Failure to Replace | Rom. | Labour | Termination, Penalty |
10. | Additional Contract after Expiration | Alexandria (1 case) | Wet-Nurse | Termination |
11. | Inspection Clause | Rom.1 | Apprenticeship | Termination |
Chapter 11: Hereditary Dispositions
1. | Introductory (wills) | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Wills | Testamentary |
2. | Invalidation | Ptol. | Wills | Testamentary |
3. | Exclusion Clause | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Wills | Testamentary |
4. | Freedom of Future Disposition | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Wills | Testamentary, Capacity |
5. | Epitropoi (Royal) | Ptol. | Greek Wills | Testamentary |
6. | Cretio | Rom., Byz. | Wills | Testamentary |
7. | Substitutio | Rom., Byz. | Wills | Testamentary |
8. | Dolus Abesto | Rom., Byz. | Roman Wills | Testamentary |
9. | Emptio Familiae | Rom. | Roman Wills | Testamentary |
10. | Legatum per damnationem | Rom., Byz. | Roman Wills | Testamentary |
11. | Legatum per vindicationem | Rom., Byz. | Roman Wills | Testamentary |
12. | Noncompliance of Heirs (legatum) | Byz.1 | Wills | Testamentary |
13. | Quasi Legatum | Ptol., Rom. | Wills | Testamentary |
14. | Provisions in Will | Rom.1 | Wills | Testamentary, Maintenance |
15. | Additional Assignments of Property (Free Wording) | Rom., Byz.rare | Wills | Testamentary |
16. | Activa | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Wills | Testamentary, Background |
17. | Disavowal of Debts | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Wills | Testamentary, Background |
18. | Existing Debts | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Wills | Testamentary, Backgroumd |
19. | Burial Rites | Rom., Byz. | Wills | Testamentary |
20. | Guardianship | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Wills | Testamentary, Maintenance |
21. | Manumission | Ptol., Rom. | Wills | Testamentary, Creation |
22. | Children | Rom., Byz. | Marriage | Testamentary |
23. | ‘Hereditary’ | Rom. | Marriage | Testamentary |
24. | Death | Ptol., Rom., Byz. | Marriage | Testamentary |
25. | Opening of the Will | Rom. | Roman, Greek Wills | Testamentary |