{"id":29,"date":"2024-11-27T10:41:15","date_gmt":"2024-11-27T09:41:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/e-publish.uliege.be\/taxonomy\/chapter\/chapter-3-remuneration\/"},"modified":"2026-04-01T15:19:22","modified_gmt":"2026-04-01T13:19:22","slug":"chapter-3-remuneration","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/e-publish.uliege.be\/taxonomy\/chapter\/chapter-3-remuneration\/","title":{"raw":"Chapter 3: Remuneration","rendered":"Chapter 3: Remuneration"},"content":{"raw":"
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Remuneration is a key feature in all contracts that record the conveyance of rights to a person or object. An account of the amount of remuneration and the terms of its delivery are essentialia negotii<\/em> in documents of sale, lease, loan, and labour. The term used to denote remuneration, however, varies in accordance with the purpose of the document. In sale documents, it is \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f75; where allotment land is at stake, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1f79\u03bd appears; and in loan contracts, \u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u1f79\u03c2 is the most common. Alternative terms become frequent in Late Antiquity. In land leases, common terms are \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u1f79\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd if rent is paid in kind and \u03c6\u1f79\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 if in cash. When the object of sale is a house, the term routinely invoked is \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u1f77\u03ba\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd. Finally, the most common term in labour contracts is \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u1f79\u03c2 but a wide variety of alternative terms appear in specific contexts. Some labour contracts record assignments that are treated not as salary but as provisions that allow an employee to duly perform the designated work. As such, they are addressed elsewhere in this book.<\/p>\r\n

As a rule, the amount of remuneration and the terms of its delivery are treated separately in the contracts: the former in the remuneration clause<\/strong> and the latter in the delivery clause<\/strong>. For remuneration sums, we find two different patterns. In the Ptolemaic period, rent and interest are addressed in the \u2018creation clause\u2019, the clause that records the act of contracting, and are reported in the genitive case. Such is not the case in sale documents and labour contracts. Especially in the case of sales, it was thought crucial to record the payment of the price in an independent clause that reports the amount of consideration and the act of its delivery. Over time, however, changes occurred: the amount of the rent and also, eventually, the interest were recorded in an independent clause and the price absorbed, in some sale contracts, into the creation clause.<\/p>\r\n

In the second section of this chapter (Prepayments and Special Payments), we cover types of remuneration that are subsidiary, viz., unnecessary for the execution of the contract and not constitutive of the contract as such. Some contracts record an advance payment of some of the principal remuneration category (prepayment). The phenomenon is well attested in all periods in lease and labour contracts, using, as a rule, the aforementioned standard terminology to designate the remuneration. In other cases discussed in this chapter, however, the picture is different, at least initially: the arrhabon<\/em> is used to denote a prepayment made in anticipation of the conclusion of an act of sale and the payment of the consideration. The arrhabon,<\/em> however, is distinct from the \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f75 in both terminology and in consequences: its payment does not effectuate the conveyance of title. Also distinct from the main payment is the prodoma<\/em>. In the Ptolemaic period, the prodoma<\/em> functions as a loan in cash, given by the lessee to the lessor when the contract is executed. The prodoma<\/em> too, however, is clearly distinguished from the rent, which is paid in kind in the course of the contract. In fact, the lessor cannot collect the rent before he has returned the prodoma<\/em> to the lessee. Only later in their respective history are the arrhabon<\/em> and the prodoma<\/em> used to denote prepayment of the main remuneration category. A clear distinction is also maintained in the Byzantine period between the key rent category and the syneteia<\/em>, which is annually dispensed in kind in addition to the principal rent.<\/p>\r\n

The remaining three parts of this section focus on the principal remuneration.<\/p>\r\n

In the third section we discuss the terms of its delivery. As the reader will notice, however, the title of this section is somewhat inaccurate. In the case of leases, the clause discussed here regulates the terms of delivery of the rent (remun. 18). In two cases that follow (remun. 20, 23), the clauses pertain not to the delivery of the remuneration but to the repayment of a loan (remun. 20) and the delivery of a commodity in the case of a sale on delivery (remun. 23). In both cases, the act of delivery also brings the contract to an end. The reason for including these clauses in the present chapter is semantic rather than substantial. The verb used in them to denote the delivery of the commodity is \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, and the rest of the terminology is largely identical in all cases. Thus, an account of the quality, quantity, measurement, modes of shipment, and place of delivery commonly appears in the clause that records the repayment of the loan and\u2014in commodity sales\u2014the delivery of the commodity.<\/p>\r\n

The terminology itself remains constant throughout the Ptolemaic, Roman, and Byzantine periods. The syntax, however, changes. In the \u2018protocol style\u2019 of the Ptolemaic period, the act of delivery is reported paratactically in an independent clause given in the aorist tense and the imperative mode. In the \u2018subjective style\u2019 (understood here as the introduction of the contract through the verb \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1f73\u03c9), the imperative aorist is replaced with the future indicative or the future infinitive. In connection with the same change, the delivery clause becomes hypotactic and is introduced by a relative clause. In the Byzantine period, the clause undergoes a shift as new verbs, particularly \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f73\u03c7\u03c9, are used to denote delivery. The common form now is the aorist infinitive, introduced not by the \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1f73\u03c9 that denotes the act of contracting, but by another \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1f73\u03c9 or by other modal constructions that introduce the infinitive aorist and have a jussive sense.<\/p>\r\n

In all the above cases, the clause stipulating the delivery of the commodity is followed by a penalty clause that prescribes sanctions in the event of nonperformance. The clause follows the scheme routinely applied in any penalty clause studied in this book: a protasis<\/em> that specifies the act that the obligor may fail to perform, followed by a compound of the verb \u03c4\u1f77\u03bd\u03c9, most commonly \u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u1f77\u03bd\u03c9 or \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u1f77\u03bd\u03c9, and concluding with the indemnity. The object is quite similar in all three scenarios of the delivery of cash and fungibles and quite different from that imposed in other formulaic contexts, particularly those involving land and slave sales. In wine sales, the vendor must offer to replace spoiled wine. In the event of failure to deliver wine or any other commodity, however, the obligor should tender the monetary value of the missing commodity and, in the case of cash, add interest on account of the defaulted payment. The interest rate on defaulted payment, however, is not higher than that charged in the course of the contract. In addition, a delinquent debtor is instructed to pay a hemiolion<\/em> or, in the case of paratheke<\/em>, a diplon<\/em>. However, a payer in default is exempt from the fixed penalty (epitimon<\/em>), the legally prescribed penalty (prostimon<\/em>), and reimbursement of the obligee for damages or expenses, all of which are routinely introduced as penalties in documents concerning land and slave conveyance.<\/p>\r\n

The fourth section focuses on methods of defraying a debt other than repayment. Three clauses\u2014antichresis<\/em>: persons (remun. 30, antichresis<\/em>: property (remun. 29), and enoikesis<\/em> (remun. 31)\u2014are used in loan contracts. The last-mentioned, the kyrieueto<\/em> clause (remun. 32), is attested in land leases. In cases of antichresis<\/em>: persons, the debtor places himself or one of his dependents in the creditor\u2019s service until the debt is settled. The vocabulary is that of the labour contract. In cases of antichresis<\/em>: property and enoikesis<\/em>, the creditor is allowed to dispose of the debtor\u2019s property\u2014a lucrative asset that the creditor can use in the case of the antichresis<\/em>, the right to reside in a house in that of enoikesis<\/em>. In all three cases, the creditor is meant to retain the object as a means of regaining not the principal but only the interest. The right of disposal may apply during the period of the contract (and be used to defray the contractual interest) or in the event of default. The kyrieueto<\/em> clause allows the lessor to impound the crops of the estate until the rent is delivered. The text does not explain whether the kyrieia<\/em> would allow the lessor to appropriate crops permanently in the event of non-delivery of rent.<\/p>\r\n

The fifth and final section of this chapter investigates circumstances that would allow the parties to modify the amount paid. This possibility comes about in lease and labour contracts. In leases, although it is the lessor and not the lessee who is liable to taxes, quite frequently it is the lessee who pays it in practice. The largely Ptolemaic hypologos<\/em> clause (remun. 33), using the verb \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1f73\u03c9, regulates his reimbursement. The epigeorgein<\/em> clause (remun. 35) places means of recovery in the lessee\u2019s hands: he is allowed to continue cultivating the land until due reimbursement is made. Another circumstance that affects rent and is regulated in the contract (remun. 37, 38), is the over- or under-irrigation of the land. The gon\u00ea<\/em> and surplus clauses (remun. 39, 40) address the addition of objects\u2014livestock in the former, dates in the latter.\u00a0The last clause deals with the inability of an apprentice to perform his work due to illness (remun. 42).<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Section I. Object of Payment<\/h1>\r\n
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1. Price<\/h2>\r\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\r\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\r\n

An account of the consideration is indispensable in any document that records a sale. In the case of fungibles<\/a>, a clause that records delivery opens the document and is the only framework within which the object of the sale is specified. In documents that record the sale of immovables, animals, and slaves, on the other hand, the clause comes second, following the act of sale clause. Among the 838 attestations<\/span> of this clause on papyrus, we note three large groups and two smaller ones. Among the latter, we count [Type1]<\/strong><\/a> applications for the purchase of state land, in which the prospective purchaser declares his intention, once the sale is ratified, to transfer the consideration by means of a bank. Cf., e.g., P.Petaus 22.34-35 (185 CE, Syron Kome): \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u1f76\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac(\u03c8\u03c9) \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd | 35<\/sup> \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f74\u03bd \u03c3\u1f7a[\u03bd] \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u1f11\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf[\u03c3\u03af]\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd (\u2018After I am assigned (the object of sale) I shall remit the consideration together with the extra charges to the public bank\u2019). This is the only type of sale document in which payment is postponed to the future. [Type2]<\/strong><\/a> occurs in Greek translations of Egyptian documents: the Demotic t\u1ec9=k mtr \u1e25\ua723\u1e71=y<\/em>\u2018You have caused that my hearth is satisfied with ...\u2019 is rendered, e.g., in CPR XV 2.2-3 (11 CE, Soknopaiou Nesos) through \u03c0\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fc6[\u03b9] \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1fc6\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 | 3<\/sup> \u03bf\u1f30\u03ba[\u03af\u03b1]\u03c2\u0323 (\u2018You have satisfied me with the price of the house in my possession\u2019), followed by a detailed account of the object (cf. Zauzich<\/span> (1968): no. 1: P.Louvre 2439.1-2 (330 BCE, Thebes). In both cases, the term for the consideration is \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f75.<\/p>\r\n

The three predominant groups are:<\/p>\r\n

[Type3]<\/strong><\/a> In the context of the sale katagraphe<\/em>, the indicative aorist of \u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u1f71\u03c3\u03ba\u03c9 (\u1f10\u03c0\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf), with the price amount recorded in the genitive [but see also Vierros<\/span> (2012): 155-158]. Cf., e.g., PSI IX 1025.17-18 (104 BCE, Hermonthis): \u1f10\u03c0\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf \u03a4\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u1fc6\u03c2 \u0396\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c1\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u1f61\u03c2 (\u1f10\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd) \u03bb\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03c7\u03c1(\u03c9\u03c2) \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1(\u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2) \u03b5\u1f50\u03b8\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03bf\u1f50\u03bb\u1f74 | 18<\/sup> \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u2039\u03b9\u203a \u03b4\u03b5\u03be(\u03b9\u1ff6\u03b9) \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03c9\u03bd (\u02bdTotoes son of Zmanres of the same pastophoroi,<\/em> age approximately 35, of medium height, round-faced, with a straight nose and a scar on his right wrist, has purchased for four thousand drachms of bronze currency\u2026\u2019). In the context of this clause, which is also attested epigraphically (cf., e.g., Game<\/span> (2008): n. 2: IVm<\/sup> BCE, Amphipolis) and incorporated into 89 papyri, we are not told whether the payment has already changed hands, nor does the document record a technical term for the consideration. As is the case with katagraphe<\/em> in general, this clause is best demonstrated in documents from the upper Egyptian Pathyrites but is still attested in the Roman period.<\/p>\r\n

[Type4]<\/strong><\/a> Following an Egyptian model (cf. Zauzich<\/span> (1968): Klausel 4a,30:\u00a0t\u1ec9=k n=y swn.\u1e71=f n \u1e25\u1e0f\u00a0<\/em>\u2018You gave me his price in silver ...\u2019), recording the price in an independent clause becomes routine in the Roman period. This practice is quite striking because in contemporary leases the genitive absolute construction\u2014[<\/a>Type5<\/a>]<\/strong>, which functions as the counterpart of the price clause\u2014is preferred (See below: \u2018Rent\u2019.) In at least 419 \u00a0documents, the clause documents the receipt of the price, predominantly with the verb \u1f00\u03c0\u1f73\u03c7\u03c9. The object is most commonly termed tim\u00ea<\/em>, but kephalaion<\/em> and, in the case of catoicic land, parachoretikon<\/em> are also attested. Within the account of the price, [Type4]<\/strong><\/a> also reports the parties\u2019 accord and the fact that consideration was paid immediately (\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9, \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd) and in full (\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u1f75\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2). For a relatively succinct formulation, cf., e.g., P.Louvre I 11.15-17 (26-33 CE, Soknopaiou Nesos): \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 [\u1f00\u03c0]\u03ad\u0323|16<\/sup>[\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u02bc \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1]\u03c1\u0323\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u0323\u03b1 \u03c4\u0323\u1f74\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba[\u03b5]\u03c7\u03c9|17<\/sup>[\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd] [\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f74\u03bd \u03c0]\u1fb6\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 (\u2018\u2026 and he (the vendor) acknowledges that he has received from them (the purchasers) forthwith the entire agreed-upon consideration in full\u2019). The clause is also receptive to other details, particularly the identity of the payer (in \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f71 + gen.) and the object, along with the method of payment [cash (\u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f10\u03be \u03bf\u1f34\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5) vs. bank transfer (\u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u1f73\u03b6\u03b7\u03c2)]. A well-developed form of this clause appears in P.Oxy. X 1276.9-12 (249 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c6[\u03c9]\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc[\u03ad\u03bd]\u03b1\u03c2 | 10<\/sup> \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03ae\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f21\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1[\u03bf]\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7[\u03c3]\u03c4\u0323[\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03bf]\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5|11<\/sup>\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a3\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f11\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6 | 12<\/sup> \u1f14\u03be \u1f34\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 (\u2018The sum agreed upon between us for the price of said half share of the house with the appurtenances, seven hundred drachmas of Imperial silver coin, we have forthwith received from you in equal portions from hand to hand in full\u2019) (transl.: editio princeps<\/em>, p. 217). The clause remains in use in the Byzantine period; cf., e.g., P.Dubl. 32.7-9 (512 CE, Arsinoiton Polis): \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1 \u0395\u1f50\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c3\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03ae\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 | 8<\/sup> \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u02bc \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03be \u1f41\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f74\u03bd \u03c0\u1fb6\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u0323\u03c5\u0323 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1f70 \u03b4\u03cc\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f40\u03ba\u03c4\u1f7c \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c7\u03c1(\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5) \u03bd\u03bf(\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1) \u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae(\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2) \u03ba(\u03b1\u1f76) \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3(\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5) (\u03b4\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c9\u03bd) (\u03bc\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2) \u0391\u03c3, \u03b4\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u02bc \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c7\u1fd6\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\\\u03c5\/\u03c3\u03af\u1fb3 | 9<\/sup> \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f11\u03be\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd (\u2018The vendor Eulogios (also acknowledges) that he has received from the purchaser Pousis the total price in full, as mutually agreed and approved for the same cell sold to him by him in its entirety, eight full standard imperial solidi<\/em> of gold, and one thousand two hundred myriads of large silver. (Total:) 8 full solidi<\/em> of gold, and 1,200 myriads of denarii<\/em> of silver\u2019) (transl.: P.Dublin: p. 171).<\/p>\r\n

[Type5]<\/strong><\/a> The term \u2018consideration\u2019 and its sum both appear in the clause that records the act of sale, in the genitive, followed for the most part [for an exception see Kr\u00e4nzlein<\/span> (1990): 76] by a relative clause that reports the immediacy of the payment, its form, and the payer\u2019s identity. The earliest evidence of this on papyrus is the Latin slave-sale PSI VI 729 (77 CE, Unknown Provenance), where the price is recorded twice: first in ablativus pretii<\/em> in the clause recording the sale (l. 1: [C(aius) Uale]r\u0323ius Longus eq(ues) \u00b7 ala \u00b7 Apria(na) \u00b7 emit equom (l<\/em>. equum) \u00b7 Cappadocem \u00b7 nigrum \u00b7 \u27e6n\u27e7 dr(achmis) aug(uistis) \u221e \u221e<\/strong> DCC) (\u2018Gaius Valerius Longus, a cavalryman in the Aprian squadron, has purchased a black Cappadocian horse for 2,700 Augustan drachmas\u2019) and again in lines 4\u20135, in an acknowledgement of the actual receipt of the money: eas\u0323[que] | 5<\/sup> [dr(achmas) aug(ustas) \u221e \u221e<\/strong> DCC d]ixit se accepisse et habere (\u2018... and these 2,700 drachmas in Augustan silver (the vendor) acknowledges that he has received and has\u2026\u2019). The earliest Greek counterpart is PSI I 38.7-12 (101 CE, Hermopolis). The formulation found here\u2014\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1fc6\u0323(\u03c2) \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad|8<\/sup>\u03bd\u0323\u03b7\u0323\u03c2\u0323 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf|9<\/sup>\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u1f13\u03be, (\u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9) (\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u03b1\u1f76) \u03c4\u03db, \u1f03\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc|10<\/sup>\u03b8\u0323\u03b5\u0323\u03bd\u0323 \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 | 11<\/sup> \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd | 12<\/sup> \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u0323\u1f75\u03bd (\u2018... for the agreed-upon price of three hundred and six silver drachms, being 306 drachms, which I have forthwith received from you from hand to hand as the aforesaid consideration\u2019)\u2014maintains its key traits in later times. Although the clause becomes current in the second half of the second century, only in the fourth century does it come to the fore as the most common form of recording the price, used in 82 out of 140 late Roman and Byzantine documents that exhibit the clause in general.<\/p>\r\n

Bibl.: Montevecchi (1939): 28-33, 41-42, 48-49; (1941): 121-128, (1943): 39-46, 251; Pringsheim (1950): 194-203; L\u00fcddeckens (1960): 315; Zauzich (1968): 135-136; Straus (2004): 79-83, 135-139.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

BGU<\/span> I<\/strong> 13.6-7 (289, ArsN) [5]; 71.14-16 (189, Kar) [4]; 87.14-16 (144, SokN) [4]; 94.10-11 (289, PtolEu) [4]; 100.6-9 (159, ArsN) [4]; 153.20-23 (152, Dionysias) [4]; 177.9-11 (47, ArsN) [4]; 193.13-16 (136, PtolEu) [4]; 228.5-8 (II, ArsN) [4]; 233.8-9 (161-169, ArsN) [4]; 240.2-7 (167-169?, SokN) [4]; 282.29-32 (175-180, ArsN) [5]; 316.15-19 (359, Askalon) [5]; 319.18-19 (630, Alexandrou Nesos) [4: \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u1f7a \u1f21\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2]; 350.7-8 (103-115, Nilopolis) [4]; II<\/strong> 373.8-14 (two fragments) (298, ArsN) [5]; 413.8 (219, KerkArs); 416.4-7 (150, UP) [4]; 422.14-15 (139\/40, ArsN) [1]; 427.18-20 (159, SokN) [4]; 446.2-14 (169-177, Nilopolis) [4]; 453.9-12 (154, SokN) [4]; 469.8-10 (156-160, UP) [4]; 527.14-19 (197, PtolEu) [4]; 541.3-7 (177-180, ArsN) [4]; 542.8-11 (165, Athenas Kome) [4]; 543.11-13 (27A<\/sup><\/span>, Haueris) [4]; 584.5-6 (44, UP) [4]; 666.16-18 (177, ArsN) [4]; 667.10-11 (222, PtolEu) [4]; III<\/strong> 709.12-13 (138-161, Kar) [4]; 758.3-9 (189?, ArsN) [5]; 805.5-9 (138, SokN?) [4]; 806.4-6 (1, UP) [4]; 834.22-25 (125, Boubastos) [4]; 842.17-19 (140, Apias) [4]; 859.9-11 (161-163, ArsN) [4]; 883.7-8 (II, Kar) [4]; 887.7-8 (151, Side) [4]; 906.18-19 (34-35, ArsN) [hypog.: 4]; 913.9-11 (206, Myra) [5]; 917.11-13 (348, PtolEu) [5]; 937.12-13 (250, Herak) [5]; 982.8-11 (107, SokN) [4]; 986.13-16 (117-138, ArsN) [4]; 987.6-7 (19\/45, ArsN) [4]; 994.3.4-6 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 996.3.7-9 (112A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 997.3.9-10 (103A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 998.1.10-11 (101A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 999.1.8-9 (99A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 1000.1.7-8 (98A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; IV<\/strong> 1048.9-11 (100\/1 or 110\/1, ArsN) [4]; 1049.10-13 (342, PtolEu) [4]; 1059.5-6 (30A<\/sup><\/span>-14, Alex) [4]; 1065.5-12 (98, ArsN); 1066.7-10 (98, UP) [4]; 1127.5-14 (18A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex); 1128.15-16 (14A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex); 1129.17-19 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4]; 1146.5-16 (19A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4]; VI<\/strong> 1259.9-10 (100A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 1260.10-13 (101A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [4]; VII<\/strong> 1642.8-10 (II, Phil) [4]; 1643.10-11 (II, Phil) [4]; 1687.17-18 (II, Phil) [4]; XI<\/strong> 2049.12-14 (II, Herakleia) [4]; 2050.16-17 (106, ArsN) [4]; 2051.8-11 (126-8 or 147-9, ArsN) [4]; 2052.8 (II, Herakleia?) [4]; 2054.11-12 (184-192, PtolEu) [4]; 2055.13-14 (II, Nilopolis) [4]; 2095.21-23 (83, PtolEu) [4]; 2112.3-4 (Im<\/sup>, ArsN) [4]; 2113.9-10 (178\/9, Herm) [5]; 2114.10 (II, Herm) [4]; 2335.8-9 (42\/43, UP) [4]; XIII<\/strong> 2336.9 (208, Alexandrou Nesos) [5]; XIV<\/strong> 2398.4-10, 21-31 (213\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [4]; 2399.18-28, 39-46 (212\/1A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [4]; XV<\/strong> 2477.1-2 (I, ArsN) [4]; 2478.7-8 (90-96, Kar) [4]; 2479.5-8 (103-117, ArsN) [4]; 2480.16-17 (120?, Kar\/Kerkesoucha); 2481.13-16 (138-161, Themistos Meris); 2482.1-5 (191, ArsN) [4]; 2486.13 (93, Dionysias) [4]; XVII<\/strong> 2695.23 (608, Herm); 2698.6-14 (VII, Herm) [5]; XIX<\/strong> 2801.18-23 (Im<\/sup>, Herm); 2830.9 (309\/10, Herm) [4]; 2831.1-5 (VIf<\/sup>, Herm); 2833.5-6 (249, Herm) [4]; CPR<\/span> I<\/strong> 2.1-3 (II\/III, HerakN) [4]; 3.1-7 (\u0399\u0399\u0399m<\/sup>, ArsN) [4?]; 4.13-15 (52, Herakleia) [4]<\/u>; 54.a.5-b (II\/III, HerakN); 63.4-20 (223-235, HerakN) [4]; 64.18-21 (227, Peenamis) [5]; 73.21-23 (222-235?, HerakN) [5]; 76 + 89.9 (III, ArsN) [4]; 90.17-20 (IIIf<\/sup>, HerakN) [4]; 88.10-16 + 132 (IIIe<\/sup>, ArsN) [4]; 96.9-10 (IIIf<\/sup>, HerakN); 103.16-20 (III, HerakN) [5]; 104.12-16 (c. 190-192, ArsN) [5]; 105.8 (II, ArsN); 108.6-7 (IIIf<\/sup>, HerakN) [4]; 109.5-7 (III, ArsN) [5]; 110.2-4 (II, ArsN); 111.12-13 (II, Herak) [4]; 112.1-6 (II, ArsN) [4]; 113.1-6 (II, ArsN) [4]; 114.17-18 (II, ArsN) [4]; 120.4-5 (III, ArsN) [4]; 122.1-4 (IIIf<\/sup>, HerakN) [4]; 123.2 (IIIf<\/sup>, ArsN); 125.1 (IIIf<\/sup>, ArsN); 126.4-7 (250-270, ArsN) [4]; 128.8-10 (IIIf<\/sup>, ArsN) [4]; 130.1 (IIIf<\/sup>, ArsN) [4]; 131.9-11 (IIIf<\/sup>, HerakN) [5]; 136.1 (IIIf<\/sup>, ArsN); 137.5 (c. 200, HerakN) [hypog.: 4]; 141.4-7 (IIIf<\/sup>, Herak) [5]; 142.1-2 (IIIf<\/sup>, ArsN); 144.1-2 (IIIf<\/sup>, ArsN) [4]; 147.11-12 (IIIf<\/sup>, ArsN) [5]; 149.10-11 (IIIf<\/sup>, ArsN); 153.3-4 (IIIf<\/sup>, ArsN); 156.4-5 (IIIf<\/sup>, ArsN) [5]; 158.1-2 (193-211, ArsN) [4]; 159.11 (IIIf<\/sup>, ArsN); 162.11-14 (IIIf<\/sup>, ArsN) [4]; 170.12-13 (103-117, ArsN); 172.12-14 (118?, ArsN) [5]; 175.16-17 (IIIf<\/sup>, PtolEu) [4]; 176.22 (257, PtolEu) [4]; 179.11-12 (I\/II, PtolEu?) [4]; 184.2,5 (II, Herak or ArsN); 186.1?-4 (II, ArsN); 187.6-8 (145, PtolEu) [4]; 188.10-13 (106\/7, ArsN) [4]; 189.10-13 (II, ArsN) [4]; 190.2 (117-138, ArsN?); 191.6 (after 212, ArsN) [4]; 192.6 (II, ArsN) [4]; 197.11-15? (II, PtolEu) [4]; 198.7-8 (138, ArsN) [4]; 203.1-4 (III, ArsN); 204.5-6 (II, ArsN) [4]; 206a.10 (138-161, PtolEu) [4]; 206b.10 (138-161, ArsN) [4]; 211.2-5 (II, ArsN); 216.3-4 (I\/II, SokN); 227.11-12 (III, PtolEu?) [5]; VI<\/strong> 2.20-22 (144, Kerkesoucha) [4]; 73.21-25 (222-235, HerakN) [4]; VII<\/strong> 14.13 (305, Herm) [5]; 30.9 (138-161, Nilopolis) [4]; 36.7-10 (331, Herm) [5]; 47.5 (c. 645, HerakN) [5]; 48.6-7 (V, HerakN) [5]; VIII<\/strong> 18.5-9 (III, Ox) [4]; XV<\/strong> 2.2-4 (11, SokN) [4]; 18.10? (212\/1A<\/sup><\/span>?, UP); 47.4 (46\/7, SokN) [4]; XVIIa<\/strong> 17a.3-5 (321?, Herm) [4]; 27.5-6 (302, Herm) [5]; XVIIb<\/strong> 21.3? (217\/8, Panop) [4]; XVIII<\/strong> 4.79-81 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [4]; 25.46-50 (232A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [\u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f75\u03bd]; 27.1-7 (232A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [\u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f75\u03bd]; O.Berenike<\/span><\/strong> II 125.3-6 (61, Berenike) [4]; O.Kellis<\/span><\/strong> 145.8-12 (294, Kellis) [5]; P.Aberd.<\/span><\/strong> 55.6-9 (117-138, SokN?) [4]; P.Abinn.<\/span><\/strong> 60.9-15 (346, Dionysias) [4]; 64.15-17, 20-22 (co-vendor) (337-350, Alex\/Phil) [4]; P.Adler<\/span><\/strong> 1.2.6-7 (134A<\/sup><\/span>, KrokPat) [3]; 3.2.16 (112A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 5.2.9-10 (108A<\/sup><\/span>, KrokPat) [3]; 7.12-14 (104A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 8.10-11 (104A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 9.2.9-11 (104A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 11.2.11-13 (98A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 12.9-10 (101A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 13.2.2-4 (100A<\/sup><\/span>, KrokPat) [3]; 16.11 (99A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17.9-10 (99A<\/sup><\/span>, KrokPat) [3]; 18.7-9 (99A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 20 (98A<\/sup><\/span>, Poinkoris) [3]; 21.2.9-10 (98A<\/sup><\/span>, Path?) [3]<\/strong>; P.Alex.<\/span><\/strong> 38.b.5 (VI\/VII, ApolHept?) [3]; P.Alex.Inv.<\/span><\/strong> 131b (VI, UP); P.Amh.<\/span> II<\/strong> 51.2.27 (88A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 95.5-6 (109, Herm) [5]; 96.4-5 (213, Herm) [5]; 97.13-14 (181, SokN) [5]; 102.14-15 (180, PtolEu) [4]; P.Ammon<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 48.a.4 (after 9.12.348, Alex?) [5]; P.Amst.<\/span><\/strong> I 46.6 (218-228, Oasis Parva) [4]; P.Athen.<\/span><\/strong> 25.10-12 (61, Kar) [4]; 27.15-20 (150, Kar) [4]; P.Bad.<\/span> II<\/strong> 19a.6-9 (110, HermN) [4]; P.Bas.<\/span> II<\/strong> 19.6-17 (141, PtolEu) [4]; P.Bastianini<\/span><\/strong> 25.12-13 (V\/VI, Narmouthis) [4]; P.Batav.<\/span><\/strong> 6.3.25 (110A<\/sup><\/span>, Latopolis, Path) [3]; P.Berl.Cohen<\/span><\/strong> 8.15-18 (190, KerkArs) [4]; P.Berl.Leihg.<\/span> I<\/strong> 21.7-9 (309, KynopN) [5]; P.Bingen<\/span><\/strong> 60.9-10 (46, PtolEu) [4]; 61.7-9 (56, Teb) [4]; 75.3-5 (IIIb<\/sup>, Ox?) [4]; P.Bodl.<\/span> I<\/strong> 44.3-5 (310, UP) [5]; 45.14-19 (c. 610, Apol) [5]; P.Brook.<\/span><\/strong> 7.12-16 (152, SokN) [4]; P.Cair.Goodsp.<\/span><\/strong> 13.7-8 (341, Herm) [5]; P.Cair.Isid.<\/span><\/strong> 83.6-9 (IIIs<\/sup>, UP) [5]; 84.9-10 (267, PtolEu) [5]; 85.6-9 (275, Kar) [5]; 86.4-6 (309, Kar) [5]; P.Cair.Masp.<\/span> I<\/strong> 67097r<\/sup>.12-17 (571\/2?, Aphr) [5]; 67098.17-20 (540-565, Aphr?) [5]; 67115.14-15 (527-565, Aphr) [4]; II<\/strong> 67169.1-3, 54-61 (569, Antin) [5]; P.Col. <\/strong><\/span>VII<\/strong> 181.9-10 (342, Kar) [4]; VIII<\/strong> 219.4-14 (140, Alex) [4]; 222.56-59 (160\/1, Ox) [4]; X<\/strong> 263.8-12 (178, MemphN) [4]; 264.8-12 (178, Pitos) [4]; P.Coll.Youtie<\/span> I<\/strong> 19.15-16 (44, PtolEu) [4]; II<\/strong> 71.23-27 (281, Panop) [4]; 75.5-6 (III, Herm) [4]; P.Corn.<\/span><\/strong> 12.23-26 (283, Antin) [5]; 13.12-18 (311, Ox) [5]; P.Daris<\/span><\/strong> 27.11-12 (363, Ox) [5]; P.Dime<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 8GH.5-6 (23, SokN) [4]; 13GD.5 (23, SokN) [4]; 14GD.5 (29, SokN) [4]; 16GH.4, 10-11 (34?, SokN) [4]; 21GH.4 (45, SokN) [4]; 27GH.7-8 (54, SokN) [4]; 28GH.7-8 (55, SokN) [4]; 35GH.2-3 (41, SokN) [4]; P.Diog.<\/span><\/strong> 24.11-13 (138-161, Phil) [4]; 28.5-7 (223, Phil?) [5]; 31.9-10 (II\/III, Phil) [4]; P.Dubl.<\/strong><\/span> 10.6-19 (139-161, PtolEu) [4]; 32.7-9 (512, ArsPol) [4]; 33.7-10 (513, ArsPol) [4]; P.Dura<\/span><\/strong> 15.2-6 (IIA<\/sup><\/span>, Dura Europos) [3]<\/strong>; 25.9 (180, Dura Europos) [3]; 26.12-13 (227, Sachare) [5]; P.Erl.<\/span><\/strong> 63.4 (III, UP); 76.21-22 (IV, Ox); P.Euphrates<\/span><\/strong> 6.13-16 (249, Markopolis) [3]; 8.19-21 (251, Beth Phuraia) [5]; 9.17-18 (252, Beth Phuraia) [3]; 10.12-14 (250, Karrhai) [3]; P.Fam.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> 3.17-18 (92, PtolEu) [4]; 8.7-26 (103-114, ArsN) [4]; 23.12-13 (123, Teb) [4]; 27.18-20 (132, Teb) [4]; P.Fay.<\/span><\/strong> 92.13-18 (126, Thead) [4]; P.Flor.<\/span> I<\/strong> 22.19-22 (177, PtolEu) [4]; 24.23-25 (IIIm<\/sup>, PtolEu) [Arrhabon]; 25.7-9, l. 7 (IIIm<\/sup>?, PtolEu) [4]; 40.7-16 l. 11 (162\/3?, HermN) [4]; 47a.14-15 (217, Herm) [4]; 47b.35 (217, Herm) [4]; 51.10-14 l. 13 (138-161, ArsN) [4]; 90.1-3 (249, ArsN?) [5]; III<\/strong> 324.7-9 (I\/II, HermN) [4]; 380.4,12-13 (203\/4, Herm) [5]; P.Freib.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 8.5-8 (144, UP) [5: before act of sale]; P.FuadUniv.<\/span><\/strong> 19.11 (145\/6, UP); 21.15-16 (253-260, UP) [4]; P.Gen.<\/span> I<\/strong> 23.6-7 (70, ArsN) [4]; 29.12-14 (137, SokN) [4]; 30.11-13 (142, SokN) [4]; 35.7-9 (161, ArsN?) [4]; II<\/strong> 116.39-42 (247, Ox) [4]; P.Genov.<\/span> II<\/strong> 61.3-14 (If<\/sup>, ArsN) [5]; P.Giss<\/span><\/strong>. I<\/strong> 28.5-6 (142\/3, Herm) [4]; 51.1-8 (202, OxN) [4]; 100.10-13 (after 272, OxN) [4]; P.Graux<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 17.15 (307, Phil) [5]; P.Grenf.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 33r<\/sup>.1-5, ll. 3-4 (103A<\/sup><\/span>, Thebes) [3]; 33r<\/sup>.6-29, l. 24 (103A<\/sup><\/span>, Thebes) [3]; 33v<\/sup>.48 (after 103A<\/sup><\/span>, Thebes) [3]; 36.2.7? (106A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 60.30-34 (582?, Apol) [5]; II<\/strong> 15.2.6-10 (139A<\/sup><\/span>, Latop) [3]; 16.5-7 (136A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [5]; 23a.2.10-11 (107A<\/sup><\/span>, KrokPat) [3]; 32.8-9 (101A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 35.9-10 (98A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 46.14-16 (137, KerkArs) [4]; 74.8-11 (302, Kysis) [5]; P.Hamb.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 15.9-10 (209, PtolEu) [4]; 38.7-11 (182, LetopN) [5]; 63.2-3,10 (125\/6, Thebes?) [5] [4]; 97.6-7 (104\/5, Phil) [5]; II<\/strong> 184.3-6 (IIImA<\/span><\/sup>, OxN) [4]; 186.5-7 (IIImA<\/span><\/sup>, OxN) [4]; III<\/strong> 217.6-10 (If<\/sup>, Ox?) [4]; 218.4-5 (29\/30, Oxyrhyncha) [4]; P.Harr.<\/span><\/strong> I 138.3.11-29 ll. 24-25 (92, Senepta) [4]; 146.1-5 (184, UP) [4]; P.Heid.<\/span><\/strong> X 447.16-19 (98-117, Ankyron) [4]; P.Herm.<\/span><\/strong> 28.4-8 (503, Ta Memnomeia); P.Hib<\/strong>.<\/span> I<\/strong> 84a.3-4, 18-19 (285\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, HerakN?) [4]; P.Iand.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 35.6-8 (181 or 213, Phil) [4]; IV<\/strong> 54.11-13 (II, ArsN) [4]; P.Ifao<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 33.15-16 (163\/4, ArsN) [4]; 38.4-11 (138, Antin) [4, but here creation clause]; P.Kell.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 8.5-7 (362, Kellis) [5]; 34.6-9 (315, Kellis) [5]; 34, app. ll. 5-7 (IV, Kellis) [5]; 35.7-10 (IV, Kellis) [5]; 36.1-2 (308, Kellis) [4]; 39.8-10 (IV, Kellis) [5]; P.K\u00f6ln<\/span> I<\/strong> 50.2.27-28 (99A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 51.8 (99A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 54.4-8 (4a<\/sup><\/span>, PtolEu) [4]; III<\/strong> 141.12-14 (57\/8, OxN) [1]; 155.1-3 (VI, UP) [4]; V<\/strong> 232.9 (330\/338, Terenythis) [4]; VII 323.15-20 (VII, Papa Megale, HerakN) [5]; XIII<\/strong> 535.1-3 (III, OxN) [4]; XIV<\/strong> 587.2 (Vf<\/sup>, Ox); P.Kron.<\/span><\/strong> 48.10-12 (35, Teb) [4]; P.Laur.<\/span> III<\/strong> 74.11-14 (IIIl<\/sup>, Ox) [4]; P.Leid.Inst.<\/span><\/strong> 54.9-10 (272, Ox) [5]; 104.10 (IV\/V, Ox?); P.Lips.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 1.8-10 (104A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 2.8-9 (99A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 3.4 (256, Herm) [5]; 4.20-22 (293, Herm) [4]; 6.2.9-10 (306, Herm) [4]; P.Lond.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 140.11-14 (69-79, ArsN) [4]; 154.10-11 (68, Kar) [4]; 229.4-6, 13-15 (166, Seleukia Pieria) [5]; 262.5-6 (11, SokN) [4]; 282.14-17 (69, ArsN) [4]; 303.18-23 (142, Herakleia) [4]; 313.18-20 (148, KerkArs) [4]; 320.16-18 (157\/8, SokN) [4]; 333.24-28 (166, SokN) [4]; 339.7-12 (179, UP) [4]; 466.17-19 (143, KerkArs) [4]; III<\/strong> 676.8-9 (100A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 678.10-11 (99\/8A<\/sup><\/span>, KrokPat) [3]; 879.3.20-23 (123A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 881.2.25-27 (108A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 882.2.16-17 (101A<\/sup><\/span>, Diospolis Parva) [1]; 883.2.24 (88A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 909a.7-9 (136, ArsN) [4]; 977.25-29 (330, Antin) [5]; 991.10-13 (481, UP) [5]; 1132b.6-8 (142, SokN) [4]; 1158.3 (226, Herm) [4]; 1164c.17-19 (212, Antin) [4]; 1164e.13-14 (212, Antin) [4]; 1164f.14-18 (212, Antin) [4]; 1164i.19-22 (212, Antin) [4];<\/strong> 1204.2.22-23 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 1206.2.22-23 (99A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 1207.2.21-23 (99A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 1208.2.13-15 (97A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 1209.2.15-16 (89A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 1298.3-4 (231, Herm) [5]; V<\/strong> 1686.31-32 (565, Aphr); 1722.30-35 (530, Sy) [5]; 1724.39-46 (578, Sy) [5]; 1733.44-48 (594, Sy) [5]; 1734.4-5 (578-582, Sy) [4]; P.Lond. inv.<\/span><\/strong> 2917.1-4 (Vend<\/sup>\/VIb<\/sup>, Ta Memnonia) [5]; P.Louvre<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 9.32-33 (47\/8, SokN) [4]; 10.11-12 (Ie<\/sup>?, SokN) [hypog.: 4]; 11.15-17 (26-33, SokN) [4]; 12.8-10 (142, SokN) [4]; 13.12-14 (29, SokN) [4]; 14.13-15 (44, SokN) [4]; 15.15-20 (139, Psintanou) [4]; II<\/strong> 109.3-5 (123\/4 or 136\/7, ArsN?) [4]; P.Lund<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 9.10-14 ? (123, Akoris) [5]; P.M\u00fcnch.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 82.4-7 (197, PtolEu) [4]; 19.7-9 (173, Ox) [4]; P.Mert.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 106.12-17 (285, Ox) [5]; 120.1-2 (I\/II, ArsN?) [4]; P.Meyer<\/span><\/strong> 2.1-4 (IIIsA<\/span><\/sup>, ArsN?) [4: creation clause]; 12.24-28 (115, Thead) [4]; 13.12-16 (141, Apias) [4]; P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 241.1-14 ll. 5-6 (46, Teb) [4]; 249.4 (18, ArsN) [4]; 250.5 (18, Teb) [4]; 251.12-14 (19, Talithis) [4]; 252.5 (25\/6, Teb) [4]; 253.8-10 (30, ArsN) [4]; 254.4 (29\/30, Teb) [4]; 256.4-5 (29\/30, ArsN) [4]; 257.6-8 (30, ArsN) [hypog.: 4]; 258.6-7 (32\/3 or 33\/4, Teb) [hypog.: 4]; 259.12-14 (33, Teb) [4]; 262.10-17 (34\/5 or 35\/6, ArsN) [4]; 263.13-15 (35\/6, Teb) [4]; 264.10-11 (37, ArsN) [4]; 267.8-9 (41\/2, ArsN) [4]; 269.3 (42, Teb) [4]; 272.5-6 (45\/6, ArsN) [4]; 273.6 (46, ArsN) [4]; 274.9 (46\/7 or 47\/8, Teb) [4]; 276.6-7 (47, ArsN) [4]; 277.4 (48, Teb) [hypog.: 4]; 278.4-5 (c. 30, ArsN) [4]; 280.5 (I, Teb) [4]; 281.5-6 (I, ArsN) [4]; 282.6 (I, Teb) [4]; 285.8-9 (I, ArsN) [hypog.: 4]; 287.11 (I, Teb) [4]; 290.10 (hyp.) (37?, ArsN) [4]; 291.5-6 (I, ArsN) [hypog.: 4]; 293.5-6 (Ie<\/sup>, Teb\/Theog) [hypog.: 4]; 294.6-7 (I, Teb) [hypog.: 4]; 295.10 (I, ArsN) [hypog.: 4]; 296.5 (I, ArsN) [hypog.: 4]; 297.6-7 (I, Teb) [hypog.: 4]; 298.10-12 (I, ArsN) [hypog.: 4]; 299.6-7 (I, Teb) [hypog.: 4]; 300.8-9 (I, Teb) [hypog.: 4]; 301.6-7 (I, Teb) [hypog.: 4]; 304.7-8 (42?, ArsN) [hypog.: 4]; 305.12-13 (I, Teb) [hypog.: 4]; 306.11-12 (I, Teb) [hypog.: 4]; 307.7 (I, Teb) [hypog.: 4]; 308.4-5 (I, Teb) [hypog.: 4]; 309.5-6 (I, ArsN) [hypog.: 4]; 328.1.4-5 (29\/30, ArsN) [4]; 332.9-11 (47\/8, ArsN) [4]; 335.1.7-8 (c. 56, ArsN) [hypog.: 4]; VI<\/strong> 428.6 (154, Kar) [4]; VII<\/strong> 451.6 (206, UP) [4, latin]; IX<\/strong> 550.14-17 (99, Kar) [4]; 551.19-22 (103, KerkArs) [4]; 552.10-12 (131, Kar) [4]; 553.1 (284, Kar) [4]; X<\/strong> 583.12-13 (78, Bac) [4]; XII<\/strong> 636.12 (302, PtolEu) [ed.: \u1f04\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u1f78\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd \u03b4\u03cc\u0323\u03c3\u0323\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2;]; XIII<\/strong> 662.29-39 (615, Aphr) [5]; 664.14-20 (584\/5 or 600\/1, Aphr) [5]; XV<\/strong> 707.11-13 (185, Ox?) [4]; 719.12-15 (III, UP) [5]; P.Michael.<\/span><\/strong> 40.13-22 (544 or 559, Aphr) [5]; 45.37-45 (540, Aphr) [5]; 52.e-f (VI\/VII, Aphr) [5]; P.Mil.<\/span> I<\/strong> 2.8-9 (104A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; P.Mil.Vogl.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 26.5-6 (128, Teb) [2]; II<\/strong> 102.10-15 (II, Teb) [5]; III<\/strong> 186.8-9 (99, Teb) [4]; P.Monts.Roca<\/span> IV<\/strong> 79.10 (37-69, SokN) [4]; P.M\u00fcnch.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 4.2.19-24 (581, Sy) [5]; 9.62-70 (585, Sy) [5]; 11.38-43 (586, Sy) [5]; 12.31-34 (590\/1?, Sy) [5]; 13.32-36 (594, Sy) [5]; 15.1-4 (493, Sy) [5]; 16.23-28 (Vl<\/sup>, Sy) [5]; III<\/strong> 81.7-17 (142, PtolEu) [4]; 84.10-14 (211, ArsN) [4]; P.Narm. 2006<\/span><\/strong> 6.7 (107\/8, Thead?) [4]; P.Neph.<\/span><\/strong> 29.11-13 (III\/IV, HerakN) [5]; 30.9-11 (329, UP); 41.2 (IV, UP); P.NYU<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 13.11-13 (198, OxN) [5]; 15a.8-9 (68, OxN) [4]; P.Oslo<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 45.3-5 (135, UP) [4]; III<\/strong> 134.15-20 (III, Apol, KynopN) [5]; P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 94.15-19 (83, Ox) [2]; 95.20-24 (129, Ox) [5]; 99.9 (55, Ox) [3]; 100.12-13 (133, Ox) [4]; II<\/strong> 263.13-15 (77, Ox) [4]; 264.5-10 (54, Ox) [4]; 375.16-20 (79, Ox) [4]; 380.11-14 (79, Ox) [4]; III<\/strong> 504.17-19 (IIe<\/sup>, Ox) [4]; 505.8-14? (179, Ox) [5]; 577.39-40 (117\/8, Ox) [5]; IV<\/strong> 719.21-22 (193, Ox) [5]; 721.12-14 (13\/4, Ox) [1]; 728.10-17, 36-42 (142, Thosbis) [4]; VI<\/strong> 909.18-32 (225, Ox) [5]; IX<\/strong> 1200.22-24 (266, Ox) [5]; 1208.15-17 (291, Ox) [5]; 1209.21-25 (252, Ox) [4]; X<\/strong> 1270.32-36 (159, Ox) [4]; 1276.9-12 (249, Ox) [4]; 1277.10-12 (257, Ox) [5]; XII<\/strong> 1475.24-27 (267, Ox) [4]; XIV<\/strong> 1633.17.22 (222, Ox) [unique]; 1634.9-13 (222, Ox) [5]; 1635.10-11 (44-37A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox); 1636.15-19 (249, Ox) [4]; 1696.9-11 (197, Ox) [4]; 1697.13-17 (242, Ox) [5]; 1698.11-13 (269, Ox) [4]; 1699.8-12 (240-280, Ox) [5]; 1700.5-9 (IIIl<\/sup>, Ox) [4]; 1701.13-20 (III, Ox?) [5]; 1702.2-5 (290, Ox) [4]; 1705.8-11 (298, Ox) [5]; 1707.7-12 (204, Ox) [5]; 1708.11-14 (311, Ox) [5]; XIX<\/strong> 2236.16-21 (IIIe<\/sup>, Ox) [4]; XX<\/strong> 2270.1-3 (V\/VI?, Ox) [5]; XXXIV<\/strong> 2720.20-21 (41-54, OxN) [3]; 2723.16-19? (III, Ox) [4]; XXXVI<\/strong> 2777.25-31 (212, Ox) [4]; XXXVIII<\/strong> 2846.10-14 (Is<\/sup>, OxN) [4]; XLI<\/strong> 2972.27-33 (72, Ox) [4]; XLI<\/strong> 2989.8-10 (III, Ox) [4]; 2998.9-14 (IIIl<\/sup>, Ox) [5]; XLIII<\/strong> 3143.11-14 (305, Ox) [5]; 3144.9-12 (313, Ox) [5]; 3145.9-14 (IVe<\/sup>, Ox) [5]; XLV<\/strong> 3254.11-15? (312\/3, Ox) [5]; XLIX<\/strong> 3482.10-11 (73A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [taxes]; 3498.18-21 (274, Ox) [4]; L<\/strong> 3593.1.13-16 (238-244, Rhodos) [3]; LVIII<\/strong> 3915.8-14 (30, Ox) [4]; LXII<\/strong> 4337.13-15 (178?, Ox) [4]; LXVII<\/strong> 4586.14-18 (III, Nesmimis) [4]; LXIX<\/strong> 4746.2-3 (244-249, Ox) [4]; 4748.9-13 (307, OxN) [5]; 4750.11-15 (307, OxN) [5]; 4751.8-10 (310, Ox) [5]; 4752.10-14 (311, OxN) [5]; LXXXI<\/strong> 5287.1-4 (193, Ox) [1]; 5288.18-22 (570, Ox) [4]; LXXIII<\/strong> 4966.11-14 (371, Ox) [5]; LXXV<\/strong> 5058.21-24 (257\/8, Ox) [4]; P.Oxy.Hels.<\/span><\/strong> 34.9-17 (101, Ox) [4]; 41.33 (223\/4, Ox) [3]; P.Palau\u00a0Rib.<\/span><\/strong> 11.3-5 (III, Ox?) [4]; 27.1-2? (VI\/VII, UP) [4]; P.Par.<\/span><\/strong> 5.1.10-2.14 (2).26-31 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Hermonthis) [3]; 17.10-11 (153, Sy?) [4]; 21.34-39 (616, This) [5]; 21 bis, ll. 18-21 (592, This) [5]; P.Petaus<\/span><\/strong> 17.24-34, l. 28 (184, PtolEu) [5]; 22.26-40, ll. 34-35 (after 185, Syron Kome) [1]; 23.12-14 (185\/6, Pharbaithos) [1]; P.Phil.<\/span> I<\/strong> 11.12-14 (141, Berenikis Aigialou); P.Pintaudi<\/span><\/strong> 35.10-12 (III, Ox) [4]; P.Prag.<\/span> I<\/strong> 40.15-18 (141, Thead) [4]; II<\/strong> 155.12 (188\/9, SokN) [4]; 246.2-7 (II\/III, ArsN) [4]; P.Princ<\/strong>.<\/span> III<\/strong> 149.6-7, 8-9 (actual payment) (177\/8, Bac) [5]; P.Rain.Cent.<\/span><\/strong> 62.10-14 (II, SokN) [5]; P.Rein.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 42.22 (I\/II, Thead) [4]; II<\/strong> 98.17-22 (109, Herak) [4]; P.Ross.Georg.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 14.8-9 (81-95, ArsN) [4]; 15.13-17 (98-102, ArsN) [5]; 23.4 (156, MemphN) [4]; 32.11-13 (II, PtolEu) [4]; 38.5-6 (II, UP) [4]; III<\/strong> 27.8?-11 (234\/5, Ox) [5u]; P.Ryl.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 158.14-17 (138?, Ibion Eikosipentarouron) [4]; 159.18-19 (31\/2, Ox) [4]; 160.5 (28\/9, SokN) [hypog.: 4]; 160a.4-5 (15-36, SokN) [hypog.: 4]; 160b.3-4 (37, SokN) [hypog.: 4]; 160c.1.7-8 (32, SokN) [hypog.: 4]; 161.11-13 (81, SokN) [4]; 162.18-20 (159, SokN); 163.7-8 (140, HermN) [5]; 164.8-11 (171, HermN) [5]; 165.18-20 (266, HermN) [5]; 312.11-12 (82-96, SokN) [4]; 313.11-13 (82-96. SokN) [4]; IV<\/strong> 581.10-11 (121A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 709.7 (294-296, UP) [4?]; P.Sakaon<\/span><\/strong> 59.9-10 (305, PtolEu) [4]; 60.10-11 (306, PtolEu) [4]; 61.7-12 (299, Thead) [4]; 62.6-9 (328, Thead) [5]; P.Sarap.<\/span><\/strong> 8.4-6 (102\/3, MagdMir) [4]; 9.8-10 (115\/6, HermN) [4]; 10.5-8 (124, HermN) [4]; 11.7-10 (128, Herm) [4]; P.Scholl<\/span><\/strong> 6.24-25 (after 159, ArsN) [1]; P.Sijp.<\/span><\/strong> 11a.10-12 (390, Kellis) [4]; 46.3 and frag b.1-4 (332, Herm) [5]; P.Soter.<\/span><\/strong> 27.20-24 (126, Thead) [4]; P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 9.11 (352, PtolEu) [4]; 14.b.10-13 (211, PtolEu) [4]; 79.4-6 (16\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Sy) [5]; II<\/strong> 81.27-29 (115A<\/sup><\/span>, Diospolis Magna, Theb.) [3]; 84.27 (114A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 86.21-22 (111A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 87.2.15-16 (107A<\/sup><\/span>, KrokPat) [3]; 88.24-29 (105A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3s]; 89.10 (99a<\/sup><\/span> Path) [3]; 90.20-21 (99A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; III<\/strong> 139.9-15 (276, Narmouthis) [5]; 144.7-9 (245, HermN) [5]; 151.12-14 (100, SokN) [4]; IV<\/strong> 201.21-23 (162, Dionysias) [4]; 208.16-18 (75, SokN) [hypog.: 4]; 215.4-6? (IIs<\/sup>?, UP) [4]; 251.14-19 (69-79, ArsN) [4]; 264.13-15 (279-282, Ox) [5]; 265.18-21 (41-54, SokN) [4]; V 331.11-12 (98-117, UP) [1]; 370.19-20 (175-180, ArsN) [4]; VI<\/strong> 504.12-14 (106, KerkArs) [4]; 505.19-23 (107-115, Teb) [4]; 543.7-8 (IIf<\/sup>, SokN) [4]; 583.8-9 (115\/6, ArsN) [4]; 585.7 (153, Herm) [4]; VII<\/strong> 602.8-12 (41-54, SokN) [4]; IX<\/strong> 831.13-14 (162\/3, Teb) [4]; 861.1 (I, UP); 886.10-12 (100, SokN) [4]; P.Tebt.<\/span> I<\/strong> 109.14-18 (93A<\/sup><\/span>, Kerkeosiris) [4];<\/strong> II<\/strong> 379.13-15 (128, Teb) [4]; III.2<\/strong> 969.12 (236A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb); P.Tebt.Wall<\/span><\/strong> 10.7-8 (IIe<\/sup>, Teb) [4]; P.Thomas<\/span><\/strong> 7.4-7 (69, UP) [4]; P.Tor.<\/span><\/strong> 10.16 (IVa<\/sup><\/span>-IA<\/sup><\/span>, Diospolis Magna, Theb.) [3]; P.Turner<\/span><\/strong> 22.3 (142, Side) [5]; 24.11-13 (148-154, Ox) [1]; 40.10-12 (215, UP) [5]; P.Ups.Frid<\/span><\/strong>. 5.2.5-10 (261, Ox) [4]; P.Vind.Bosw.<\/span><\/strong> 6.5,13-14 (250, Herm) [5, 4]; 7.24-27 (221, Koites) [5]; P.Vind.Tand.<\/span><\/strong> 25.7 (51, SokN) [4]; 25a.24 (II, SokN) [hypog.: 4]; 26.9-10 (143, SokN) [4]; P.Vind.Worp<\/span><\/strong> 9.7-12 (158, SokN?) [4]; P.Wash.Univ.<\/span> I<\/strong> 15.7-8 (Vl<\/sup>, UP) [5]; P.Wisc.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 9.15-18 (183, Ox) [5]; 15.9-11 (236, Ox) (remainder) [4]; II<\/strong> 58.10-11 (298, PtolEu) [4]; 59.10-12 (298, PtolEu) [4]; P.Yale<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 66.9-14 (Is<\/sup>, Ox) [4]; PSI<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 38.7-12 (101, Herm) [5]; 39.8-12 (148, Herm) [4]; 66.9-13 (V?, HermN) [5]; 79.12-16 (216\/7, Ox) [4]; III<\/strong> 182.21-26 (234, Ox) [4]; VI 704.22-24 (II, ArsN?) [5]; 705.11 (IIIl<\/sup>, Ox) [5]; 729.a.4-5, b.5 (77?, UP) [5]; VII<\/strong> 770.22-24 (187, Nikiou Polis) [4]; VIII<\/strong> 882.3-5 (337, OxN?) [5]; 897.2.72-75 (93, Ox) [4]; 908.1.7-9 (42\/3, Teb) [4]; 909.5-6 (44, Teb) [4]; 915.7-8 (I, Teb) [4]; 918.5 (38\/9, Teb) [4]; 946.22-28 (III, Ox) [5]; IX<\/strong> 1016.34-36 (129A<\/sup><\/span>, Diospolis Magna) [3]; 1018.12-13 (107A<\/sup><\/span>, PathN) [3]; 1022.17-18 (106A<\/sup><\/span>, PathN) [3]; 1024.5-7 (104A<\/sup><\/span>, Hermonthis) [3]; 1025.17-18 (104A<\/sup><\/span>, Hermonthis) [3]; 1031.19-25? (134, Thead) [4]; X<\/strong> 1118.13-15 (25\/6, Ox); 1119.25-34 (156, Ox) [5]; 1130.13-16 (26, Teb) [4]; 1153 (112\/3, PtolEu) [4: arrhabon]; XII<\/strong> 1228.13-15 (188, OxN?) [5]; 1239.11-13 (430, Antin) [5]; XIII<\/strong> 1319.1.15-17 (76, SokN) [4]; 1320.9-10 (82-88, SokN) [4]; 1405.11-15 (167-169, Ptolemais Drymou) [4]; XV<\/strong> 1533.24-27 (IIIf<\/sup>, OxN) [4]; 1546.1-27, ll. 14-17 (222, HerakN) [4]; 1550.12-16 (IIIf<\/sup>, Ox) [4]; XVI<\/strong> 1635.19-20 (c. 258-260, Ox); XVII<\/strong> 1715.14 (37, Teb) [4]; PSI Congr.<\/span><\/strong> XX<\/strong> 14.6-11 (III, UP) [4]; 15.7-9 (III\/IV, Ox) [4]; 16.14-15 (330-340?, Ox?) [5]; SB<\/span> I<\/strong> 428.9-10 (99A<\/sup><\/span>, KrokPat) [3]; 4512 col. 1.18-21 (186A<\/sup><\/span>, Diospolis Magna) [4unique]; 4661.5-8 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [4]; 4670.4-6 (VI, ArsN) [4]; 4751.1 (IV-VII, ArsN); 4783 passim<\/em> (IV-VII, ArsN); 4844.5 (IV-VII, ArsN); 5112.39-41 (618, Apol) [5]; 5113.14-19 (VI Apol) [5]; 5114.19-24 (630-640, Apol) [5]; 5117.4-5 (55\/6, SokN) [4]; 5166.16 (II\/III?, UP) [2]; 5247.21 (47, SokN) [hypog.: 4]; 5267.7 (IV-VII, ArsN) [5]; 5320.12?-16 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [4]; 5673.11-14 (147, HermN) [1]; 5679.7-11 (307, Oasis Magna) [5]; III<\/strong> 6001.6-10 (179, PtolEu) [4]; 6016.28-31 (154, Alex) [4]; 6645.8-9 (105A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 6709.5, 16 (259A<\/sup><\/span>, Birta ?) [3unique]; V<\/strong> 7555.13-14 (154, UP) [3]; 8007.5-7 (IVf<\/sup>, Herm) [5]; 8946.12 (50\/1, UP) [diairesis: 4]; VI<\/strong> 8971.9-11 (284\/5, Ox) [5]; 8987.21-22 (644\/5, Ox) [4]; 9093.17-23 (138, Thead) [4]; 9109.1-2 (31, Teb) [4]; 9145.13-17 (184-192, ArsN) [5]; 9193.16-18 (525-565, HermN) [5]; 9214.13-20 (311, Ox) [5]; 9216.17 (285, Herm) [hypog.: 4]; 9219.15-16 (319, Herm) [5]; 9575.5-8 (II, UP) [4]; 9586.24-26 (600, Herm) [5]; 9618.11-13 (192, PtolEu) [4]; VIII<\/strong> 9829.13-19 (after March 272, Ox) [5]; 9831.8 (Il<\/sup>, ArsN) [4]; 9906.14-16 (193\/4, PtolEu) [4]; X<\/strong> 10571.11-13,22-24 (194, PtolEu) [4]; XII<\/strong> 10784.8-11 (330-340, Oasis Magna?) [5]; 11015.13-17 (III, Ox?) [4]; 11063.6-7 (19, UP) [4]; 11152.9-10 (225, Thead?) [5]; 11229.9 (161-168 or 177-179, Ox) [4]; XIV<\/strong> 11277.11-16 (225, Nilopolis) [5]; 11278.2-7 (316, Ox) [5]; 11376.6-9 (239A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [4: creation clause]; 11432.6-12 (271\/2, Ox) [5]; 11533.1.16-17, 2.14-17, 3.8-11 (104, Ars) [4]; 11877.12-19 (348, Phil) [5]; 11895.3-4 (45, SokN) [hypog.: 4]; 12001.11-13 (129A<\/sup><\/span>, KrokPat) [3]; 12021.13-14 (377, Ox) [5]; 12056.8 (III, UP) [4]; XVI<\/strong> 12333.11-14 (189-193, Ox?) [4]; 12553.10-14 (II\/III, Ox) [4]; 12559.18-20 (155, KerkArs) [4]; 12612.10-14 (203, SokN) [4]; 12946r<\/sup>.7-10 (474, Antin) [5]; 12957.8-10 (103-114, SokN) [4]; 13071.15-17 (223-235, PtolEu) [5]; 13072.16-18 (155, SokN) [4]; 13073.17-18 (51, Nilopolis) [4]; XVIII<\/strong> 13173.34-46 (629\/644, Herm) [5]; 13238.6-7 (101, Haueris) [5]; 13320.51-63 (613-641, Aphr) [5]; 13579.3 (23, SokN) [4]; 13764.15-17 (148-161, ArsN) [4]; 13866.14-16 (138-161?, SokN) [4]; 13897.16-17 (111 Tebtynis) [4]; XX<\/strong> 14199.8-10 (179, Ox) [4]; 14293.11-16 (383, Kellis) [5]; 14336.18-19 (hyp.) (91\/2 or 107 \/8, Ox) [4]; 14393.9-10 (100A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 14448.1-7 (VI\/VII, UP) [4]; 14461.4-5 (148?, UP) [5]; 14680.15- (225, Phil) [4]; 14974.14-19 (190, OxN) [1]; 14997.1-4? (70A<\/sup><\/span>\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox?); XXII<\/strong> 15326.9-10 (222-235, Kar) [4]; 15328.5-7 (275-296, Kar) [5]; 15472.11-13 (134, PtolEu) [4]; 15606.11-14 (VIe<\/sup>\/VIIb<\/sup>, HermN) [4]; 15618.8-9 (427\/8?, Alabastrine) [5]; 15637.8-13 (130 Thead) [4]; XXIV<\/strong> 15965.9-11 (III\/IV, Kar) [4]; 15966.15-23 (IIIend<\/sup>\/IVf<\/sup>, Kar) [4]; 15969.15-22 (491-518, Herm) [5]; 16002.10-12 (186\/190, PtolEu) [4]; 16054.6-7 (145A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [5]; 16314.12-13 (81-95, Polydeukia) [4]; XXVI 16559.1-5 (150\/100A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [4: creation clause]; XXVIII<\/strong> 16895.14-15 (IVf<\/sup>, HermN) [5]; 16904.10-12 (90, SokN) [4]; 16986.2-4 (V, UP) [5]; 17081.16-17 (75, SokN) [4]; 17265.a.2. 3-9, ll. 7-8 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265.a.2.10-16, ll. 14-15 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265a.2.17-23, ll. 21-22 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265.a.3.1-3, ll. 2-3 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265.a.3.10-16, ll. 14-16 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265.b.1.1-5 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265 Frg.b.1.5-10, ll. 8-9 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265.b.1.11-15, l. 15 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265.b.1. 16-20, l. 19 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265.b.1.21-26 l. 25 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265.b.2.1-6, ll. 5-6 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265.b.2.7-13, ll. 11-13 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265.c.1.3-9, l. 8 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265.c.1.10-14, 13-14 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265.c.1. 15-19 l. 18 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; XXX<\/strong> 17364.5-6 (113\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, PathN); 17367.8-9 (IIA<\/sup><\/span>, PathN) [3];\u00a0<\/strong>17623.11-12 (293, Herm); <\/strong><\/span>SPP<\/span><\/strong> I pp. 7-8, ll. 12-15 (454, Antin) [5]; XX<\/strong> 1.11-14 (83\/4, PtolEu) [4]; 10.2-5 (168, ArsN) [4]; 29.14-15 (227, HerakN) [ed.: \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f27\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3[\u03b5 \u03c6\u03b5\u03c1]|15<\/sup>\u03bd\u1fc6\u03c2; in the creation clause]; 47.12-16 (238, HerakN) [4]; 50.15-16 (168\/9, Aphrodite Berenike) [4]; 71.10-12 (269\/70, Herm) [4]; 72.6-11 (271\/2, Herm) [5]; 74.5, 13-14 (hypographe) (after 276?, Herm) [4]; 110.12-15 (425-450\/408-422, Herm) [5]; 117.7 (411, Koba) [5]; 121.17-20 (439, Herm) [5]; 145.1-2 (VIl<\/sup>, ArsPol);<\/strong> 269.1-4 (VI\/VII, UP); XXII<\/strong> 16.4-7 (217, UP) [5]; 17.9-11 (I\/II, ArsN) [4]; 20.6-9 (3?, UP) [4]; 22.13-17 (142, Philopator alias Theogenous) [4]; 30.9-11 (158, ArsN) [4]; 48.22-25 (152, Dionysias) [4]; 170.19-21 (145, KerkArs) [4]; T.Varie<\/span><\/strong> 2.4-6 (VII, UP) [5]; 15.30-34 (VIm KynopN) [5]; UPZ II<\/strong> 175.6-24 (145A<\/sup><\/span>, Thebes) [2]; 177.3-22 (136a<\/sup><\/span>, Thebes) [2]; 180a.1.10-2.4 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Hermonthis) [3]; 180b.19-31 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Hermonthis) [3]; 181.2.11-12 (105A<\/sup><\/span>, Hermonthis) [3].<\/p>\r\n\r\n

\r\n

2. Postponed Payment of Price<\/h2>\r\n

Category: Penalty, Remuneration<\/p>\r\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\r\n

A unique clause, attested in only one document\u2014BGU IV 1129.36-38 (13 BCE,<\/span> Alexandria)\u2014aims to settle payment for a past purchase; in another outlier (P.Kell. I 46.17-27: IV CE, Kellis), the vendor of a wagon is willing to accept just some of the price at point of sale and draws up the present document with the purchaser regarding the settlement of the rest. Alternatively, the obligee is a third person who provides the money to pay for a wagon in a sale between an obligor and a third party: \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4[\u1f72 \u1f00]\u03bc\u0323\u03ad|18<\/sup>\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2\u0323 \u1f00\u0323\u03c0\u03bf|19<\/sup>\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f61\u03c1\u0323\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u1fc3 | 20<\/sup> \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u0323\u03bc\u03af\u1fb3 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f70 \u1f00\u03c1|21<\/sup>\u03b3\u0323\u03cd\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03b9\u0323\u03b1\u0323 \u1f10\u0323\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 | 22<\/sup> \u03bb\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03b3\u0323\u03af\u0323[\u03c3\u03bf]\u03bc\u0323\u03b1\u03b9 [\u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd] \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba[\u1ff3] | 23<\/sup> \u00a0\u0323 \u0323[ \u0323 \u0323] \u0323 \u0323\u03c1\u03b1\u0323 \u0323[ \u0323]\u1ff3 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 | 24<\/sup> \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u1f14\u0323\u03b8\u0323\u03bf\u03c2 | 25<\/sup> \u1f04\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 (l<\/em>. \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2) | 26<\/sup> \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 (l<\/em>. \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2) \u03bc\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9|27<\/sup>\u03b1\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u03bc\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2) \u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u03bc\u03b9\u1fb6\u03c2) \u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd (\u2018But if at the fixed time I turn out to be careless as regards repayment I shall pay said money in talents with - - - interest according to the local custom until the repayment of said one myriad of talents is made\u2019). (transl.: editio princeps<\/em>, p. 137).<\/p>\r\n

Bibl.: Berger (1911): 147.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

BGU<\/span> IV<\/strong> 1129.36-38 (13A<\/sup><\/span>,\u00a0Alex); P.Kell.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 46.17-27 (IV, Kellis).<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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3. Rent<\/h2>\r\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\r\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Among 1,351 contracts that record the act of leasing, 1,012 specify the rent. In nearly all cases (1,001), the lessee is ordered to pay this rent in a fixed sum (cf. also, 'Prodoma<\/a>', 'Prepay<\/a>ment', 'Rent: Sharecropping'<\/a>). The terms most frequently used for rent in Greek lease contracts from Ptolemaic and Roman Egypt are \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd, used to document delivery in kind, mostly grain (291<\/a> documents), \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, commonly denoting cash delivery when the object of the lease is a piece of land (366<\/a> documents), and \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03ba\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd, reserved for house leases (103<\/a> documents). The first two terms sometimes take the qualifier \u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u1f79\u03c2 or \u1f00\u03c0\u1f79\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 (here: \u2018fixed, settled\u2019). In 35 documents, all from the Roman period, the adjective \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 qualifies \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd, and in 56, Roman and Byzantine, it qualifies \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2. The<\/span> term \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd then evolves into a noun, signifying \u2018rent\u2019 in itself. The term \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 may also be qualified by other adjectives that denote the parties\u2019 accord: \u1f11\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u1f73\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 [e.g., P.Oxy. XLVII 3354.29-30 (257 Nomou Epoikion\/Senepta)], \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u1f73\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 [e.g., P.Oslo II 85.14-15 (426 CE, Oxyrhynchos)], \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 [BGU IV 1119.13 (6\/5 BCE, Alexandria)]. The participles \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 [e.g., P.Tebt. II 374.17 (131 CE, Tebtynis)] and \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u1f77\u03c2 [P.Lond. III 1227.8 (152 CE, Hermopolis)] indicate that the rent has already been paid in advance.<\/p>\r\n

[Type1]<\/strong><\/a>: In 645 documents, an account of the rent is given in the creation clause<\/a>. The rent category is connected to the main verb, \u1f10\u03bc\u1f77\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd or the like, occasionally with the construction \u1f10\u03c0\u1f77 + dative<\/em> (\u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u1ff3). Far more common, however, is the use of the genitivus pretii<\/em>. The genitive case is also used in ]<\/span>Type1[<\/span> (and, for that matter, in all types of rent clauses) for other purposes:<\/p>\r\n

If recorded, the object<\/strong> for which the rent is paid appears in the genitive \u2018rent for\u2026\u2019 [e.g., P.Ross.Georg. III 40.13: 589 CE, Hermopolis): \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7[\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3]\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1[\u03b3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5] \u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5]; such is also the case with a given type of commodity<\/strong> [e.g., P.Coll.Youtie II 70.15-16 (272\/3 or 278\/9 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 | 16<\/sup> \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b5\u1f34\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd]. The type of commodity may also, however, be recorded in the accusative [e.g., P.Gen. I 78.12-14 (III CE?, Ptolemais Euergetis): \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 [\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5]|13<\/sup>\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u03c7\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u1ff3 \u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf[\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6] | 14<\/sup> \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1]. The genitive case may also be used to designate the period of payment<\/strong> [e.g., P.Heid. IV 329.18-21 (105\/6 CE?, Theadelphia): \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u0323\u1ff6\u0323\u03bd\u0323 | 19<\/sup> \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03c0\u0323\u1ff6\u0323\u03bd\u0323 | 20<\/sup> \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u1ff6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f10\u0323\u03bd\u0323\u03ac\u0323\u03c4\u0323(\u03bf\u03c5) (\u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2) \u1f10\u03ba\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd\u0323|21<\/sup>\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f30\u0323\u03c3\u03b9\u1f78\u03bd \u03b4\u0323\u03ad\u0323\u03ba\u0323\u03b1\u0323(\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd) (\u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2) (\u2018the rent of the palm fruits of the present ninth year that shall be harvested in the incoming tenth year\u2019)]. Here, however, the most common case is the accusative, introduced by various prepositions (\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1fbd \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1fbd \u1f10\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f15\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03bc\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f15\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd, \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03bd) or an adverb: \u1f10\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03c2. Payment of rent per unit of area<\/strong> (viz., primarily, aroura<\/em>) is expressed first, in the Ptolemaic period, through the accusative and without a preposition [\u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b7\u03bd sometimes with the article (BGU X 1943.6 (215\/4 BCE, Tholthis): \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f04\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u1f11\u03ba\u0323\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u0323\u03bd], the adjective following the noun. Later on, the genitive becomes the rule [e.g., P.Stras. III 137.12-13 (325 CE, Nagogis): \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 | 13<\/sup> [\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac]\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5]. Some scribes also refer to payment pending on land measurement<\/strong> [e.g., in BGU IV 1092.14-16 (372 CE, Hermopolis): \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2. \u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u2039\u03c1\u03b7\u203a\u03c2 | 15<\/sup> \u03c4\u1fc6[\u03c2] \u1f10\u03ba \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03af[\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1]\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u1ff3 | 16<\/sup> \u1f10\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc7 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03ba\u03b1{\u03c3}\u03c4[\u03b1]\u03c3\u0323\u03c0\u0323\u03bf\u03c1\u1fb7] [cf. July<\/span> (1966): 50].<\/p>\r\n

Within the rent clause, scribes commonly insert some version of the formulation \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1, indicating that the rent cannot be reduced on account of expenses or externalites that devalue the object [Cf. Wollentin<\/span> (1961): 31-35, 61-75]. In the Ptolemaic period, the \u03c0\u03bb\u1f75\u03bd is used to introduce exceptions to the duty of payment. Cf., e.g., PSI<\/span><\/strong> X 1098.11-12 (51 BCE, Tebtynis): \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 [\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6] \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2 (l<\/em>. \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd) \u03b5\u1f30\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u1f70 (l<\/em>. \u03b5\u1f30\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u1f70) \u1f04\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f00\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u0323\u03cd\u0323|12<\/sup>\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u1f00\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd) \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd[\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2] \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd) \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u1f74\u03bd \u1f00\u03b2\u03c1\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f22 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03c1\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 (\u2026\u2018at a rent for the whole of twenty seven artabae of wheat, with no allowance for seed, warranted against all risk and subject to no deductions for loss except for the event except being unwatered or flooded\u2019). The phrasing \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 may also be inserted in the following clause, which stipulates the payment of the rent (delivery in lease<\/a>: e.g., CPR I 36.14-16: 225 CE, Peenamis, Herakleopolites). The same obtains for an account of the measurement unit, inserted either into the rent clause (e.g., P.Amh. II 90.10-11: 159 CE, Arsinoites) or into the clause stipulating its payment (e.g., P.Hamb. I 64.21: 103 CE, Euhemeria).<\/p>\r\n

Several Byzantine documents from the Hermopolite nome also set out different rates for the event that the land is sufficiently or insufficiently irrigated. Cf., e.g., SB XVIII 13586.9-11 (VI\/VII CE, Hermopolis): \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b3\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 | 10<\/sup> \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03cc\u03c7\u1ff3, \u1f10\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f00\u03b2\u03c1\u03cc\u03c7\u1ff3, \u03c4\u1f78 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03b5\u1f34\u03b7, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f73\u03be\u03c9 (l.<\/em> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd) \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f25\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 | 11<\/sup> \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1(\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd) \u03b9\u03b4 (\u2018\u2026 at rent for the land each year of fourteen keratia<\/em> of gold, in the event of their being inundated, but in the event of non-inundation, may it not happen, I shall deliver half the share of said rent, 14 keratia<\/em>\u2019). The term that denotes deficient irrigation here is \u1f04\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2; different lexemes are invoked for properly irrigated land: \u03c3\u1f7b\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2, \u1f14\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2, and \u039d\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2. The lessor often grants the lessee a seed loan<\/strong> and some contracts also take the amount of the loan into consideration. Namely, the repayment of the loan should not create an additional liability; its amount should be reckoned within the rent: \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u1f97 \u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd. Alternatively, the adverb \u1f00\u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b5\u1f77 or the expression \u1f04\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 indicates that the seed loan is not taken into consideration.<\/p>\r\n

Rent may be recorded outside the creation clause, with the lessee as the subject of the clause and the rent as its object. Such a construction [Type2]<\/strong><\/a> is already attested in the Ptolemaic period. In this period, however, it remains marginal, recorded in just four documents (e.g., P.Col. III 54.8-9: 250 BCE, Arsinoites), in comparison with [Type1]<\/strong> (66 occurrences). In the Roman period, recording the rent in an independent clause becomes more common, as is the case in ten documents mostly from the Arsinoite nome, in which the verb \u1f51\u03c6\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9 takes the infinitive of \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c9 and the rent category is given in the accusative. Cf., e.g., P.Mich. XII 630.12-15 (38 CE, Tebtynis?): \u1f51\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad|13<\/sup>\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u1f78\u0323\u03c2\u0323 \u1f00\u03c1|14<\/sup>\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u2039\u03b5\u203a\u1f34\u03ba\u03bf|15<\/sup>\u03c3\u03b9 \u1f13\u03be \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd) (\u2018We promise to pay, for the whole, a rent of twenty-six drachmai of coined silver and four obols<\/em>\u2019). But even in the Roman period, the number of documents featuring [Type2] is still relatively small: 42 compared with the 380 contemporary texts that exhibit [Type1]. [Type2] gains ground in the Byzantine period, evinced in 90 documents as against 131 [Type1] between the fifth and the seventh centuries. In the Byzantine period, some regions still adhere to [Type1]; this is most clearly the case in the Hermopolites, with just six [Type2] documents as against 113 of [Type1]. Elsewhere, however, the change is quite drastic: in the Oxyrhynchites, the figures from the third and fourth centuries are 16 documents exhibiting [Type2] and 61 [Type1]. In the Byzantine period, the relation is completely reversed: just five texts of [Type1] and 37 of [Type2]. [Type2] is also dominant in the Byzantine period in evidence from Aphrodite: 26 documents exhibiting [Type2], as opposed to just one of [Type1].<\/p>\r\n

With the rent clause gaining independence in the Byzantine period, it may become functionally identical to the clause that records the delivery of the rent<\/a>. In 69 documents, both clauses retain their independence. This is particularly the case in documentation from Byzantine Oxyrhynchos. Cf., e.g., P.Oxy. LXVIII 4693.13-16 (466 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u03ba\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u1f76\u0323 \u03c4\u0323\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u0323\u03c9\u0323 \u1f51\u0323\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 | 14<\/sup> [\u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9]\u03ba\u0323\u03af\u0323\u03bf\u0323[\u03c5 \u1f10]\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5[\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af]\u03bf\u0323\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c5\u03c1[\u03b9\u03ac]\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b9\u0323\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 | 15<\/sup> [ -3-4- ]\u03ba\u0323\u03bf\u03c3[\u03af]\u03b1\u0323\u03c2\u0323, [\u1f45\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03ba\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd] \u1f00\u0323\u03c0\u0323\u03bf\u0323[\u03b4]\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u0323\u03c2\u0323 | 16<\/sup> \u03b4\u0323[\u03b9\u02bc \u1f11]\u03be\u0323[\u03b1]\u03c5\u0323[\u03ae\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f25\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c5 (\u2018and I shall pay as rent annually one thousand \u2026 hundred myriads of silver, which rent I shall pay each year, one half every six months\u2019) (transl.: P.Oxy. LXVIII, p. 151). In 89 other documents, however, the clauses converge, as is particularly the case in Aphrodite, where the independent rent clause absorbs the delivery clause and, as such, conveys all the information originally documented in its text. Cf., e.g., P.Lond. V 1689.16-20 (527 CE, Aphrodite): \u03ba]\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 | 17<\/sup> [\u03b5\u1f50\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u1ff6\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc]\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u0398\u03b5\u1ff7 \u1f11\u03b2\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f30\u03bd\u03b4(\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2) \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f11\u03be\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 | 18<\/sup> [ \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u1f10\u03c0\u02bc \u1f00]\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u1ff3 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u1ff3 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff7 \u1f43 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03b5\u1f34\u03b7 | 19<\/sup> [\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f11\u03c0(?)]\u03c4\u1f70 \u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c3\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 | 20<\/sup> [\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u1ff6\u03bd(?) \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4]\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u1ff3 \u03c3\u1ff7 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff7 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6(\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03c2) (\u2018And I acknowledge that I shall give the rent from the fruits of the of the coming sacred seventh indiction and throughout succeeding time, [ - - ] whether inundated or uninundated, let it never happen, for the same seven (?) arouras<\/em> ten wheat artabae<\/em> and ten barley (?) artabae<\/em> by your tax measure and without dispute\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

The independent clause exhibits three main verbs: [1]<\/strong> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03c9 in the present (6), the future (9), and, in the Byzantine period, the aorist tense (\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd) (20 cases), with no evident regional pattern; [2]<\/strong>\u00a0\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c9, used primarily in the infinitive and indicative of the future tense and attested in 71 documents from all periods; it is, however, especially common in the scheme of Byzantine leases from Oxyrhynchos, yielding 32 texts; finally [3],<\/strong> \u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, almost always in the present infinitive, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 (20 attestations). This verb is late and seems restricted to Aphrodite in the context of the rent clause. It may take the rent category as a direct object in the accusative. More frequently, however, the accusative records the amount of the rent while the category itself stands in the genitive, introduced by \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 or \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd or by the prepositions \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f77 or \u1f51\u03c0\u1f73\u03c1. In all other respects (designation of object, period, measurement), it follows the patterns already discussed in connection with [Type1].<\/span><\/p>\r\n

[Type3]<\/strong><\/a> As is frequently the case, some scribes integrated the rent clause of [Type2] by means of the genitive absolute into the flow of the text. This is already the case in P.Yadin 22.12-14 (130 CE, Maoza). In Egypt, the genitive absolute appears in 18 documents, 16 of which date to the fifth century or later. In the Byzantine period, [Type3] is used almost exclusively in the Arsinoite nome, in which context, the formulation is relatively constant. See, e.g., P.Prag. II 161.6-9 (Vl<\/sup>\/VIe<\/sup> CE, Arsinoites?): \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u0323\u03c3\u0323\u03b1\u0323|7<\/sup>\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1fe5\u03c5\u0323\u03c0(\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6) \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1(\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2) | 8<\/sup> \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bc\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 | 9<\/sup> \u1f11\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 (\u2018I the lessee, providing on account of its rent, one hundred fifty myriads of debased mixed silver currency\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

[Type4]<\/strong><\/a> is attested in eight documents. Instead of paying rent, the lessee undertakes to perform duties originally imposed on the lessor. Cf., e.g. BGU XV 2484.4-7 (II CE, Arsinoites): \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd | 5<\/sup> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1(\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd) \u03b4\u03b7[\u03bc]\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f14\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b1\u1f31\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd|6<\/sup>\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (l<\/em>. \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2) \u03c4\u0323[\u03bf\u1fe6] \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 | 7<\/sup> \u1f00\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd (\u2018\u2026.in return for the payment in kind and money of all the public charges on them, and of the amount due for geometria<\/em> of the same year, without any deduction or risk\u2019) (transl.: editio princeps<\/em>, p. 66) .[cf. also Herrmann (1957): 125<\/span>]. The same formulation is also used in the clause recording the rent in share-cropping arrangements.<\/p>\r\n

Bibl.: Waszynski (1905): 96-104; Bolla (1940): 18-27; Herrmann (1958): 98-111, 111-114, (1975): 332; Kastner (1962): 36-37, 47-48; Hennig (1967): 11-35; M\u00fcller (1985): 196-211, 218-226<\/span>.<\/p>\r\n

BGU<\/span> I<\/strong> 39.11-15 (186, ArsN) [1]; 227.11-13 (151, ArsN) [1]; 253.11-12 (244-248, PtolEu) [1]; 303.15-18 (586, ArsPol) [3]; 307.6-13 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [3]; 312.b.5-7 (657\/8, ArsN) [3]; 349.8-9 (313, ArsN) [1]; II<\/strong> 364.13-15 (553, ArsPol) [3]; 393.7-10, 12-14 (167, Dionysias) [1] (unique); 538.10-14 (100, Nilopolis) [1]; 586.12-14 (324, ArsPol) [1]; 591.17-22 (56\/7, ArsN) [2]; 603.15-22 (168, ArsN) [1]; 604.12-18 (167\/8, ArsN) [1]; 606.7-8 (306, PtolEu) [1]; 633.9-12 (221, ArsN) [1]; 640.10-11 (185, SokN) [1]; 644.20-25 (69, SokN) [1]; 661.9-10 (140, ArsN) [1]; III<\/strong> 749.11-13 (IV-VII, ArsN); 831.11 (201, SokN) [1]; 841.6-8 (672 or 687, ArsN) [2]; 860.12-13 (254-268, MagdMir) [1]; 900.4-8 (582\/3, HermN) [1]; 912.18-19 (33, SokN) [1]; 916.16-17 (69-79, Herakleides Meris) [1]; 918.8-13 (110\/1, ArsN) [1]; 920.13-17, 26-30 (212, Phil) [1]; 938.7-9 (385, Herak) [1]; IV<\/strong> 1017.9-10 (II\/III, Ox) [1]; 1018.11-16 (III, ArsN) [1]; 1067.9-12 (101\/2, Euh) [1]; 1091.22-26 (212, Ox) [1]; 1092.13-19 (372, Herm) [1]; 1116.8-9 (13A<\/sup><\/span>,\u00a0Alex); 1117.12-13 (3A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [1]; 1118.7-17 (22A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex); 1119.13-17 (6\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [1]; 1120.8-19 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [1]; 1121.11-14 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [1]; 1156v<\/sup>.43-46 (14\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex); 1262.8-9 (216\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [1]; 1263.10-11 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [1]; 1264.12-13 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [1]; 1268.9-11 (IIIsA<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [1]; 1269.7-8 (III\/IIA<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [1]; VI<\/strong> 1266.15-17 (203\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona); 1282.11-12 (IIA<\/sup><\/span>\/IA<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN?) [1]; VII 1644.11-13 (294?, Phil) [1]; X<\/strong> 1943.6-8, 28-29 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [1]; 1944.b.1 (294?, Phil) [1]; 1946.6-8 (213\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [4]; 1951.1 (221A<\/sup><\/span>-205A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [1]; XI<\/strong> 2032.11-13 (113, PtolEu) [1]; 2033.12-16 (before 94, Herakleia) [2]; 2034.7-9 (II\/III, PtolEu) [1]; 2123.12-17 (85, ArsN) [1]; 2125.5-6, 8 (II\/III, HermN) [1]; XII<\/strong> 2133.10-13 ? (IIIl<\/sup>, Herm) [1]; 2139.12-13 (432, Herm) [1]; 2146.11-13 (457, Herm) [1]; 2147.12-16 (464, Herm) [1]; 2148.11-12 (375, Herm) [1]; 2149.15-23 (470, Herm) [1]; 2150.10-14 (472, Herm) [1]; 2151.13-18 (476, Herm) [1]; 2152.8-12 (512?, Herm) [1]; 2153.15-19 (493?, Herm) [1]; 2155.11-13 (481?, Herm) [1]; 2157.9-10 (481, Herm) [1]; 2159.12-13 (485, Herm) [1]; 2162.15-16 (491, Herm) [1]; 2164.9-11 (494, Herm) [1]; 2172.9-15 (498?, Herm) [1]; 2181.14-15 (509?, Herm) [1]; 2182.11 (510, Herm) [1]; 2185.6-11 (512?, Herm) [2]; 2186.8 (514?, Herm) [2]; 2189.3-5 (VI, Herm) [2]; 2202.14-15 (c. 565, Herm) [1]; 2204.21-22 (574, Herm) [1]; XIII<\/strong> 2333.10-13 (142\/3, PtolEu) [1]; 2340.10-11 (IIIe<\/sup>, Ox) [1]; 2341.3-7 (II, Kar) [1]; 2383.5-6 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [1]; 2384.3 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [1]; 2385.4-5 (214A<\/sup><\/span>\/212A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [1]; 2388.13-16 (191A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [1]; XIV<\/strong> 2389.20-21 (72A<\/sup><\/span>,\u00a0HerakN) [1]; 2390.7 (160\/59A<\/sup><\/span>, HerakN) [1]; XV<\/strong> 2481.19-21 (138-161, Themistos Meris) [2]; 2484.4-7 (II, ArsN) [4]; XVII<\/strong> 2675.12-15 (481, HermN) [1]; 2684.14-15 (555, Herm) [1]; 2685.19-20 (585, Herm) [1]; XIX<\/strong> 2801.1-10, ll. 4-5 (Im<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; 2801.11-17, ll. 14-15 (Im<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; 2802.6 (488?, HermN) [1]; 2804.7-9 (488?, HermN) [1]; 2807.16-17 (508?, Herm) [1]; 2808.14-16 (528, Herm) [1]; 2810.12-14 (559\/60, Herm) [1]; 2812.2-3 (VI, Herm) [1]; 2814.9-10 (VI\/VII, Herm) [1]; 2815.14-15 (VIIf<\/sup>, Herm) [1]; 2816.9-11 (Vs<\/sup>, Herm) [1]; 2817.12-14 (500, Herm) [1]; 2819.11-12 (442?, Herm) [1]; 2820.11-12 (Vs<\/sup>, Herm) [1]; 2822.22-23 (526\/7, Herm) [1]; 2823.16-17 (568\/9?, Herm) [1]; XX<\/strong> 2869.14-21 (57\/8, ArsN?) [1]; CPR<\/span> I<\/strong> 31.13-18 (153, ArsN) [1]; 32.13-14 (218, SokN) [1]; 36.10-12 (225, Peenamis) [1]; 40.15-22 (300, Herak) [1]; 47.1-5 (II\/III, HerakN\/ArsN); 239.8-9 (212, SokN) [2]; 240.13-20 (126, SokN) [1]; 245.7 (II, ArsN) [1]; 246.8-18 (162, ArsN) [1]; 247.12-13 (335, Herak) [1] [also prepayment]; V<\/strong> 16.10-11 (486, HermN) [1]; 43.12-13,18-21 (513, Herm) [1]; 51.31-32 (629\/644, ArsPol) [2]; 62.29-31 (575, Herak) [1]; 69.12-13 (VI\/VII, Herak) [1]; VII<\/strong> 31.24-44, ll. 31-32 (197, Herm); VIII<\/strong> 9.11-14 (159, ArsN) [1]; 46.5-8 (IV, HermN) [1]; 69.12-13 (VI\/VII, Herak) [1]; IX<\/strong> 7.1-4 (VI, HermN) [1]; 8.3-5 (VI, HermN) [1]; 26.11-12 (545\/6, HermN) [3]; 27.9-10 (V\/VI, HermN) [1]; 28.1-3 (V\/VI, HermN) [1]; 30.4-6 (VIIe<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; 33.18-19 (566, HermN) [1]; X<\/strong> 26.4-9 (before 532, ArsPol); XIV<\/strong> 12.18-20 (450, Herak) [1]; XVIIa<\/strong> 2.10-11 ? (313, Herm); 4.9 (314, Herm) [1]; 8.9-11 (316, Herm) [3]; 11.11-12 (320, Herm) [1]; XVIII<\/strong> 2.31-32 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [1]; 3.51-52 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [1]; 7.129-131 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/207A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [1]; 11.217-218 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [1]; 15.305-306 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [1]; 19.396-397 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [1]; XIX<\/strong> 46.6-8 (V\/VI, Ophis) [1]; 26.11-14 (602\/3, ArsPol) [1]; O.Bodl.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 257.6-8 (IIA<\/sup><\/span>, Thebes); O.Deiss.<\/span><\/strong> 59 (70, UP) [1]; P.Aberd.<\/strong><\/span> 45.5-6 (141, SokN) [1]; 57.16-20 (II, SokN) [1]; 181.10-15 (41\/2 or 54\/5, Dionysias) [1]; 182.9-10 (IIIl<\/sup>, ArsN) [1]; 183.2-3 (III, ArsN) [1]; P.Alex.Giss.<\/span><\/strong> 5.7-12 (215, ArsN) [1]; P.Amh.<\/strong><\/span> II<\/strong> 85.8-12 (78, Herm) [1]; 86.9-11 (78, Herm) [1]; 90.6-12 (159, ArsN) [1]; 91.7-10 (159, PtolEu\/Euh) [1]; 92.10-15 (162\/3, SokN) [2]; 93.9-14 (181, SokN) [1]; 106.1 (281, Herm); P.Amst<\/strong>.<\/span> I<\/strong> 41.45-83 (10A<\/sup><\/span>, PtolEu); 42.2-3 (III\/IV, Mermertha) [1]; 43.3-7 (V\/VI, Ophis) [1]; P.Ant.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 105.4 (VI, UP) [1]; P.Athen.<\/strong><\/span> 14.9-14 (22, Phil) [1]; 16.8-10 (138\/9, ArsN) [1]; 18.8-11? (223\/4, ArsN); 19.10-12 (153, ArsN) [1]; P.Bad.<\/strong><\/span> II<\/strong> 18.8-9 (61\/2, Herm) [4]; IV<\/strong> 91.2.25-27 (471, Herm) [1]; VI<\/strong> 170.18-23 (54, Thead) [1]; P.Bas.<\/span> II<\/strong> 53.16-18 (VIm<\/sup>, Herm) [3: \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9]; P.Batav.<\/strong><\/span> 3.23-28 (109A<\/sup><\/span>,\u00a0Ta Memnoneia); 16.6-9 (346\/7, OxN) [2]; P.Benaki<\/strong><\/span> 2.17-21 (IVs<\/sup>, Kaine) [1]; P.Berl.Cohen<\/span><\/strong> 19.12-14 (VI, Terythis) [2]; P.Berl.Frisk<\/span><\/strong> 5.9-10 (510, Herm) [1]; P.Berl.Leihg.<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 19.15-22 (221\/2 or 225\/6, Kerkesephis) [1]; 20.8-11 (149, OxN) [1]; P.Berl.M\u00f6ller<\/span><\/strong> 3.18-20 (540, Herm) [1]; P.Berl.Zill.<\/span><\/strong> 5.15-16 (417, Herm) [1]; 7.19-22 (574, Ox) [2]; P.Bingen<\/span><\/strong> 59.13-18 (33, Teb) [2]; 1<\/span>32.19-20 (541, Aphr) [2]; P.Bodl<\/strong>.<\/span> I<\/strong> 34.15-18 (158\/9, ArsN) [2]; 36.17-21 (543\/558, ArsPol) [3]; 60.13-15 (553, Herm); 85.7-11 (II, ArsN) [1]; 131.11-12 (132\/3 or 153\/4 or 176\/7, ArsN) [1]; P.Bour.<\/span><\/strong> 13.4-7 (98, Memphis); 17.8-10 (220, Herakleia) [3]; P.Brem.<\/span><\/strong> 36.14-17 (117, Herm) [1]; P.Cair.Isid.<\/span><\/strong> 98.10-11? (291, Kar); 99.12-15 (297, Kar) [1]; 100.9-10 (297, Kar) [1]; 101.2-4 (300, ArsN) [1]; 102.10 (303\/4, ArsN); 103.11 (313, Kar); P.Cair.Masp.<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 67100.14-21 (506, Aphr) [2]; 67104.10-12 (530, Aphr) [2]; 67105.21-24 (532, Aphr) [2]; 67106.17-21 (539, Aphr) [2]; 67107.13-18 (525\/540, Aphr) [2]; 67109.35-40 (565, Aphr) [2]; 67110.39-43 (565, Aphr) [2]; 67112.16-21 (544 545, Aphr) [2]; 67113.11-12 (525\/6?, Aphr) [2]; II<\/strong> 67240.5-7 (VI, UP) [2]; III<\/strong> 67299.36-41 (527-565, Antin) [2]; 67300.11-15, 18-19 (527, Aphr) [2]; 67301.23-33 (530, Aphr); 67302.14-15 (555, Antin) [2]; 67303.17-18 (553, Aphr) [2]; P.Cair.Preis.<\/span><\/strong> 41.12-15, 15-17 (IVf<\/sup>, HermN?) [2]; P.Cair.Zen<\/strong>.<\/span> III<\/strong> 59340.5, 27-28 (247A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [1]; P.Charite<\/span><\/strong> 3.9-12 (317, Herm) [1]; 4.5-10 (c. 320-350, Herm) [1]; 7.13 (347, Herm) [1]; P.Col.<\/span> III<\/strong> 54.8-9 (250A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN) [2]; X<\/strong> 260.10-13 (149\/50?, ArsN) [1]; 273r<\/sup>.4-5 (204, Ox) [1]; 280.8-10 (269\/70 or 276\/7, Ox?) [1]; P.Coll.Youtie<\/span> I<\/strong> 27.12-22 (165, Teb) [1]; II<\/strong> 68.14-17 (266, Ox) [1]; 70.15-17 (272\/3 or 278\/9, Ox) [1]; 80.12-17 (315, Ox) [2]; P.Corn.<\/strong><\/span> 10.17-21 (119, Phil) [1]; 11.15-19 (204\/5 or 233\/4, Phil) [1]; P.Daris<\/span><\/strong> 25.1-2 (IIl<\/sup>\/IIIe<\/sup>, UP) [1]; P.Diog.<\/span><\/strong> 29.8-16 (225, Phil) [1]; 33.7-11 (204, Phil) [1]; P.Dubl.<\/span><\/strong> 31.12-18 (<\/strong>355, Panop) [2]; P.Erasm.<\/span> I<\/strong> 13.12-15 (152A<\/sup><\/span>?, Kaine) [1]; 15.8-11 (152A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN); P.Erl.<\/strong><\/span> 70.9-13 (IIIe<\/sup>, UP) [1]; 72.1 (IV, OxN) [1]; 73.29 (604, Herak) [1]; 74.1-2 (VI, UP); 75.18-21 (535, Ox) [1]; P.Fam.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> 5.7-10 (98, ArsN) [1]; 28.11-14 (133, ArsN); 44.5-6 (189, Kerkesoucha Orous) [1]; 47.9-12, 24-25 (195, PtolEu) [1]; P.Fay.<\/span><\/strong> 34.10-16 (161, Thead) [3]; 36.14-18 (195, PtolEu) [2]; 93.13-14 (161, PtolEu) [1]; 95.12-20 (II, Thead) [2]; 307.2-5 (132, Philoteris); P.Flor.<\/span> I<\/strong> 10.9-14 (249\/50 or 253\/4 or 260\/1, PtolEu) [1]; 13.13-15 (VI\/VII, Herm) [1]; 16.12-14 (239, Euh) [1]; 18.17-29 (147\/8, ArsN) [4]; 19.9-10 (248, PtolEu) [1]; 25.10-15, l. 14 (IIIm<\/sup>?, PtolEu); 37.1-5 (IV-VII, HermN) [1]; 41.7-10 (140, HermN) [1]; 85.7-10, 16 (misthotikon), 21-23 (91, HermN) [1]; 103.12-14 (330\/1 or 344\/5, Herm) [1]; III<\/strong> 281.14-17 (517, Aphr) [2]; 286.21-27 (552, Aphr) [2]; 299.1-3 (VI, Herm) [1]; 320.11-13 (373, HermN) [1]; 325.13-15 (489, Ox) [2]; 354.4-5 (I\/II, HermN) [1]; 356.10-11, 18-20 (I\/II, Selilais, HermN); 361.6-8 (85\/6, HermN) [1]; 368r<\/sup>.7-8 (96, Herm); 369.15-17 (139\/149, Herm); 383.1.14-16, 28 (234\/5, Antin) [2]; 383.2.61? (234\/5, Antin) [2]; 384.35-43 (489, Herm) [unique]; P.Fouad<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 43.25-27 (189\/90, Phoboou) [1]; P.Frank.<\/span><\/strong> 1.12-13, 64 (213A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [1]; 2.13-14, 54-55 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [1]; 4.11-12 (216\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [1]; P.Freib.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 21.8-9 (178A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [1]; 22.8-10 (178A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [1]; 23.12-13 (178A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [1]; 24.8-9 (178A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [1]; 25.7-9 (178A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [1]; 34.9-10 (173A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [1]; 35.8 (177\/6A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [1]; IV 58.8 (I\/II, UP); P.Gascou<\/span><\/strong> 40.16-18 (556, HermN) [1]; P.Gen.<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 10.13-15 (316, Phebichis) [1]; 34.1-2 ? (156, Phil); 78.12-19 (II\/III, PtolEu) [1]; II<\/strong> 10.13-16 (316, Phebichis) [1]; P.Genov.<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 22.13-17 (345, Ox) [1]; P.Giss.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 49.12-19 (IIIm<\/sup>, Ox) [1]; 50.13-18 (259, Ox) [1]; 52.9-11 (397, Herm) [1]; P.Univ.Giss.<\/span><\/strong> 12.11-17 (87\/8, Thead) [1]; P.Graux<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 21.14-15 (151, Apias) [1]; P.Grenf.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 54.11-14 (378, ArsN) [3]; 56.12-14 (537, Herm) [1]; 57.10-12 (561, Herm) [1]; II<\/strong> 57.12-14 (168, Phil) [1]; P.Hamb.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 5.14-20 (89, Phil) [2]; 23.33-35 (330, PanopN) [unique]; 64.9-17 (103, Euh) [1]; 99.10-13 (I, Phil); IV<\/strong> 265.7-8 (VIs<\/sup>, Aphr) [1]; 269.7-9 (IIIl<\/sup>, ArsN) [1]; P.Harr.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 80.12-17 (249, OxN) [1]; 81.1-2 (VI, UP) [2]; II<\/strong> 194.12-13 (183\/4 or 215\/6, Ox) [1]; 224.13-14, 20-21, 21-27 (IIl<\/sup>\/IIIe<\/sup>, Ox) [1]; P.Haun.<\/span> III<\/strong> 55.9-12 (325, Dinnis); P.Heid.<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 329.14-24 (105\/6?, Thead) [1]; P.Herm.<\/span><\/strong> 22.13-15 (394, Herm) [1]; 26.5-11 (V, UP) [2]; 34.23-26 (VII, Herm) [1]; 57.1-4 (IV, UP) [1]; 59.4-6 (after 430?, AntaioN) [2]; 60.1 (Vl<\/sup>\/VIe<\/sup>, UP); P.Hib.<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 90.8-9 (222A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [1]; P.Horak<\/span><\/strong> 8.7-8 (VI, HermN) [1]; 10.16-21 (555, HermN) [1]; P.Iand.<\/span><\/strong> III 26.15-18 (98, ArsN) [1]; 28.17 (104, Thead); P.Ifao<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 1.11-13 (27, Teb) [1]; 10.10-13, 18-19 (thalloi) (Il<\/sup>, Teb) [1]; 23.9 (II, ArsN); P.Kell<\/span><\/strong>. I<\/strong> 32.12-15 (364, Kellis) [2]; 33.9-13 (369, Kellis) [2]; P.K\u00f6ln<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 145.7-8 (Ia<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [1]; 149.11-18 (after 212, OxN) [1]; 150.7-8 (226\/242, OxN) [1]; IX<\/strong> 373.8-9 (VI, HermN) [1]; XIV<\/strong> 579a.4-8 (III, Ox) [2?]; P.Kramer<\/span><\/strong> 15.9-11 (629?, Herm) [3 \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9]; P.Kron.<\/span><\/strong> 34.15-26 (135, Teb) [1]; 38.13-14 (137, Teb) [2]; 41.9-14 (140, Teb) [1]; P.Laur<\/strong>.<\/span> III<\/strong> 72.10-12 (118-138, PtolEu) [1]; IV<\/strong> 163.4 (279, UP); 165.6-8 (305, Ox) [1]; 166.6-8 (289\/90. Ox?) [2]; P.Lips<\/strong>.<\/span> I<\/strong> 16.12-15 (138, Teb) [1]; 17.18-19 (377, Herm) [1]; 18.10-15 (308, Herm) [1]; 19.16-18 (320, Herm) [1]; 20.11-12 (381, Herm) [1]; 21.16-18 (382, Herm) [1]; 22.23-24 (388, HermN) [3]; 118.15-20 (160\/1, Ox) [1]; II<\/strong> 129.11-13 (8, Kerke\u00easis) [4]; 148.15-16 (192, Teb) [1]; P.Lond.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 113.6a.19-23 (612\/627, ArsPol) [3]; 113.6b.29-37 (633, ArsPol) [2]; II<\/strong> 216.14-17 (94, SokN) [1]; 286.15-17 (88\/9, SokN) [1]; 314.10-12 (149, SokN) [1]; 335.15-21 (166\/7, SokN); 350.9-10 (212, SokN) [1]; 438.8 ? (615\/6?, ApolHept); 483.47-52 (615\/6, ApolHept); III<\/strong> 858a.8 (153\/4, HermN) [1]; 906.10-12 (128, Euh) [1]; 938.2-4 (225, Herm) [1]; 954.15-16 (260, Herm) [1]; 979.12-14 (346, Herm) [1]; 1003.12 (562, HermN); 1006.13-16 (555, Nagogis) [1]; 1012.36-37 (633, Herm) [1]; 1017.2-4 (VI, Herm); 1023.25-26 (V, Herm) [1]; 1030.2 (c. 527, Herm); 1036.1-4 (VI\/VII, HermN); 1164h.11-12 (212, Antin) [1]; 1171v<\/sup>b.3- (41\/2, Herm) [2]; 1223.7-9, 10-12 (121, Herm) [1]; 1225.5-9 (70\/1, HermN) [1]; 1227.8-11 (152, Herm) [1]; V<\/strong> 1689.16-20 (527, Aphr) [2]; 1691.18-19 (532, Aphr) [2]; 1692a.17-18 (555, Aphr) [2]; 1692b.15-17 (556, Aphr) [2]; 1693.8-15 (523\/4, Aphr) [2]; 1695.10-18 (530\/1, Aphr) [4]; 1696.a.17-19 (VI, Aphr) [2]; 1696.b.13-15 (VIe<\/sup>, Aphr) [2]; 1697.11-14 (VIe<\/sup>, Aphr) [2]; 1698.1-6 (VI, Aphr); 1714.8 (579, Antin) (unique); 1715.10-12 (VI, Antin) [1]; 1765.11-12 (554, Herm) [1]; 1768.12-13 (VI, Herm) [1]; 1770.10-12 (547\/562, HermN) [1]; 1771.1-4 (VI, HermN) [1]; 1872.13-17 (584, HermN) [1]; P.Louvre<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 113.a.5-9 (159, ArsN) [1]; P.Lund<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 10.9 (I\/II, Bac); P.Mert.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 10.8-14 (21, Phil) [1]; 49.4-7 (VII, UP) [2]; II<\/strong> 68.19-24 (136, Kerkeosiris) [1]; 76.14-15 (181, Ox) [1]; III<\/strong> 107.1-17 (II, ArsN) [1]; P.Messeri<\/span><\/strong> 30.10-12 (212, SokN) [2]; P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 184.9-13 (121, Bac) [1]; 185.10-14 (122, Bac) [1]; V<\/strong> 310.9-12 (26\/7, ArsN) [1]; 312.19-24 (34, Talei) [1]; 313.16-17 (37, Teb) [1]; 315.11-23 (39-41 or 43-45, ArsN) [1]; 348.16-22 (26, Teb) [1]; IX<\/strong> 561.14-18 (102, Kar); 565.11-13 (215\/6, Kar) [1]; X<\/strong> 586.7-10 (c. 30, Teb) [2]; XI<\/strong> 610.22-24 (282, Ox) [1]; 611.11-17 (412, Ox) [1]; 612.13-15 (514, Ox) [2]; XII<\/strong> 630.12-15 (38, Teb) [2]; 631.8-9 (185, ArsN) [1]; 633.13-17 (c. 30, Teb) [1]; 634.12-15 (25\/6, Teb) [1]; XIV<\/strong> 678.5-6 (98, UP) [1]; XVIII<\/strong> 788.16-20 (173, Ox) [1]; 791.8-12 (212\/3, Phil) [1]; P.Michael.<\/span><\/strong> 13.11-13 (159\/60, HermN) [2]; 14.10-11 (164\/5, Herm) [1]; 19.13-15 (III, OxN) [3]; 22.12-14 (291, Teb) [3]; 24.15-17 (297, Teb) [1]; 34.6 (VI, UP); 54.1-9 (VI, Aphr); 60.9-10 (VI, Aphr) [2]; P.Mil.<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 55.12-13 (307, Ox) [1]; P.Mil.Vogl<\/strong>.<\/span> II<\/strong> 53.12-13 (152\/3, Teb) [1]; 63.18-21, 22-25 (170, Teb) [1]; 65.8-11, 17-20 (160-180, Teb); 67.2-3 (165, Teb) [1]; 104.11-16 (127, Teb) [1]; 106.10-22 (before 134, Teb) [1]; III<\/strong> 130.11-14, 20-22, 25-27 (165, Teb) 132.16-19, 20-27 (165, Teb) [1]; 133.17-20, 23-30 (165, Teb) [1]; 134.11-12, 14-16 (165\/6, Teb) [1]; 135.16-18 (165\/6, Teb) [1]; 137.15-21 (165\/6, Teb) [1]; 138.15-21 (169, Teb) [1]; 139.17-23 (169, Teb) [1]; 140.13-25 (176, Teb) [1]; 143.12-16 (170\/1, Teb) [1]; 144.9-10, 12-13 (166, Teb) [1]; 145.8-12 (142, Teb) [1]; 187.1-2 (II, Teb) [1]; IV<\/strong> 220.12-21 (132\/3, Teb) [1]; 238.11-14, 17-19 (143\/4, Teb) [1]; 240.13-17 (118-138, Teb) [1]; 242.7-8 (165\/6, UP) [1]; VI<\/strong> 267.3-9 (125\/6, Teb) [1]; 269.10-15 (124, Teb) [1]; 274.9-11 (144-165, Teb) [1]; 286.15-26 (139, Teb) [1]; 288.9-11, 13-16 (155, Teb) [1]; 289.7-10 (II, Teb) [1]; 290.10-15, 18-23 (II, Teb) [1]; 291.12-15 (II, Teb) [1]; 292.4-16 (II, Teb) [1]; 293.7-14 (II, Teb) [1]; 294.13-19 (II, Teb) [1]; 295.10-12 (II, Teb) [1]; P.Monts.Roca<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 77.6-7, 27-29 (148A<\/sup><\/span>, Hephaistias) [1];<\/span><\/strong> 81.4-6 (III, UP) [2]; P.M\u00fcnch.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 87.7-8, 10-11 (II, SokN) [1]; 88.8-12 (II, UP) [1]; 89.13-18 (339, Herm) [1]; 91.12-16 (V, HermN) [1]; 92.1-3 (V, HermN); P.Oslo<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 32.24-30 (1, Thead) [2]; 34.6-7 (188\/9, Phil) [1]; 35.14-20 (426, Ox) [1]; III<\/strong> 135.8-10 (286-293, Ox) [1] (misthos: cf. salary); 138.9-10 (323, Ox) [1]; P.Oxf.<\/span><\/strong> 13.15-24 (154\/5, Argeias\/SokN) [1]; 16.7-9 (VI\/VII, HermN) [1]; P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 101.18-20 (142, Ox) [1]; 102.12-16 (306, Ox) [1] (partial overlapping with prepayment clause); 103.9-14 (316, Ox) [1]; II<\/strong> 278.8-11 (17, Ox) [1]; 279.12-16 (44\/5, Ox) [4]; 280.17-20 (88\/9, Ox) [1]; III<\/strong> 499.16-20 (121, Senepta\/Ox) [1]; 500.18-21 (130, Athribites) [2]; 501.16-19 (186, Ox) [1]; 502.21-24 (164, Ox) [1]; VI<\/strong> 730.12-16 (130, Senepta\/Ox) [1]; 910.12-13 (197, Pekerke\/Ox) [1]; 912.13-15 (235, Ox) [2]; VII<\/strong> 1035.14-15 (143, Ox) [1]; 1036.19-21 (272, Ox) [1]; 1037.13-15 (444, Ox) [2]; 1038.27-29 (568, Ox) [2]; VIII<\/strong> 1126.10-13 (V, Ox) [1]; 1127.9-12 (183, Ox) [1]; 1128.15-16 (173, Ox) [1]; 1129.11-12 (449, Ox) [2]; IX<\/strong> 1207.6-11 (175\/6 ?, Ox) [1]; X<\/strong> 1279.19-21 (139, Ox) [2]; 1280.10-12 (IVl<\/sup>, Ox) [2]; XIV<\/strong> 1628.12-14 (73A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [1]; 1629.10-13 (44A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [1]; 1632.14-19 (353, Ox) [2]; 1685.13-16 (158, Oasitou Epoikion) [1]; 1686.12-15 (165\/6, Ox) [1]; 1687.19-20, 24-25 (184, Ox) [1]; 1688.13 (III, Ox); 1689.16-20 (266, Ox) [1]; 1691.10-13 (291\/2, Ox) [1]; 1692.20-25 (188, Ox); 1695.21-24 (360, Ox) [2]; XVI<\/strong> 1889.18-20 (496, Ox) [2]; 1890.10-13 (508, Ox) [1]; 1957.13-14 (430, Ox) [2]; 1959.13-14 (499, Ox) [2]; 1961.17-18 (487, Ox) [2]; 1965.19-21 (553, Ox) [2]; 1966.15-18 (505, Ox) [2]; 1968.4-6 (VI, Ox) [2]; XVII<\/strong> 2109.35-36 (261, Ox) [1]; 2136.6-7 (291, PtolEu) [1]; 2137.23-26 (226, Episemou Epoikion) [1]; XVIII<\/strong> 2189.14-18 (219, Ox) [1]; XXII<\/strong> 2351.16-21 (112, Ox) [1]; XXXI<\/strong> 2584.13-14 (211, Ox) [1]; 2585.11-13 (315, Ox) [1]; XXXIII<\/strong> 2676.14-15, 17-20 (151, Ox) [1]; XXXVI<\/strong> 2776.10-12, 15 (118\/9, Ox) [1]; 2795.11-13 (250, Ox) [1]; XXXVIII<\/strong> 2874.13-19 (108, Ox) [1]; XLI<\/strong> 2973.13-14 (103, Ox) [1]; 2974.16-17 (162, Ox) [1]; XLIV<\/strong> 3200.12-13 (II\/III, Ox) [1]; 3203.17-20 (400, Ox) [2]; XLV<\/strong> 3250.9-12 (c. 63, Ox) [1]; 3257.9-11 (318, Ox) [2]; XLVI<\/strong> 3268.12-13 (II, Ox) [1]; 3270.12-17 (309, Ox) [2]; XLVII<\/strong> 3354.32-34 (c. 257, Nomou Epoikion\/Senepta) [1]; XLVIII<\/strong> 3384.12-15 (331, Ox) [2]; 3386.17-19 (338, Ox) [1]; XLIX<\/strong> 3484.3-7 (27-33, Ox) [2]; 3488.12-14, 19-23 (70\/1, Ox) [1]; 3489.28-33 (72\/73, Ox) [1]; L<\/strong> 3558.8-11 ? (133, Psenyris) [2]; 3589.6-10 (II, OxN) [1]; 3591.16-22 (219, Ox) [1]; 3592.13-17 (218-261, Ox) [1]; 3600.17-18 (502, Ox) [2]; LI<\/strong> 3639.14-17 (412, Ox) [2]; LV<\/strong> 3800.14-19 (219, Ox) [1]; 3802.14-16 (296, Ox) [1]; 3803.11-14 (411, Ox) [2]; LVII<\/strong> 3911.18-19, 23-24 (199, Pimpasi) [1]; LVIII<\/strong> 3955.15-21 (611, Ox) [2]; LXI<\/strong> 4121.11-13 (289\/90, Ox) [1]; LXIII<\/strong> 4390.16-22 (469, Ox) [2]; LXVI<\/strong> 4534.9-11 (335, Ox) [4]; LXVII<\/strong> 4594.8-10 (228, Senao\/Ox) [1]; 4595.17-19 (261, Ox) [1]; LXVIII<\/strong> 4681.14 (419, Ox) [2]; 4687.11 (441, Ox) [2]; 4693.13-15 (466, Ox) [2]; 4694.11-13 (466, Ox) [2]; LXIX<\/strong> 4739.9-12 (127, Ox) [1]; 4745.13-15, 16-19 (202, Ox) [1]; 4747.11-12 (296, Ox) [1]; 4753.13-17 (341, Ox) [2]; LXXI<\/strong> 4827.13-15, 17-21 (173\/4, Ox) [1]; 4832.14-16 (436, Ox) [3]; LXXII<\/strong> 4915.10 (467?, Ox); LXXXII<\/strong> 5320.9-10 (227\/8, Ox) [1]; 5325.11-13 (437, Ox); 5326.10-11 (437\/8, Ox); 5331.11-12 (474, Ox); LXXXIII<\/strong> 5380.16-18 (580, Ox) [3]; 5383.21-22 (583, Ox) [3]; P.Palau\u00a0Rib<\/span><\/strong> 7.15-19 (137\/8 or 158\/9 or 181\/2, OxN) [1]; 8.7-8 (156\/7 or 179\/80, Phil) [1]; 22.15-17 (VI, Aphr) [2]; 25.5-6 (VI\/VII, Herm) [1]; P.Panop.<\/strong><\/span> 1.5-6 (298\/9 Panopolites); 2.6-7 (308, PanopN) [1]; 3.6-11 (310, PanopN) [2]; 4.5-8 (314, PanopN) [3]; 5.5-6 (334?, PanopN) [1]; 6.8-9? (336, Panop) [1]; 7.7? (c. 338\/9, PanopN); 8.7-8, 11-13 (338, PanopN); 9.5-8 (339, Panop) [2]; 10.1 (341, PanopN) [2]; 11.6-8 (320, Panop) [2]; 12.5-8 (339, Panop) [2]; 13.5-8 (339, Panop) [2]; P.Phil.<\/strong><\/span> 12.11-20 (150\/1 or 173\/4, Phil) [1]; 13.10-15 (155, Phil); 14.10-14 (155, Phil) [1]; 15.11-12 (153\/4, Phil) [1]; P.Prag.<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 36.5-7 (88, Poteu, HermN) [1]; 37.11 (465, ArsPol) [3]; 38.13-16 (before 96, Herakleia) [1]; II<\/strong> 132.11 (122\/3, PtolEu) [1]; 158.5-8 (V\/VI, Herm) [1]; 159.7-9 (V, Epoikion Aninou) [3]; 161.6-9 (Vl<\/sup>\/VIe<\/sup>, ArsN) [3]; 162.9-10 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [2]; III<\/strong> 245.14-16 (141\/2?, Aphrodite Berenike) [1]; P.Princ.<\/strong><\/span> II<\/strong> 39.4-8 (III, UP) [1]; III<\/strong> 151.11-12 (after 341, Ibion) [1]; P.Rain.Cent.<\/span><\/strong> 82.17-21 (304\/5, HerakN) [1]; P.Rein<\/strong>.<\/span> I<\/strong> 43.11-13 (102, Ibion Tatkelmeos) [1]; II<\/strong> 100.6, 11 (212\/3 AphrN) [1]; 108.8-10 (VI, Ox) [2]; P.Ross.Georg.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 19.8-16 (141, Ox) [1]; III<\/strong> 32.8-11 (504, ArsPol) [3]; 36.16-21 (537, Aphr) [2]; 56.11 (707, Herak) [2]; V 42.12-14 (602, HermN) [1]; P.Ryl.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 97.1-6 (139, UP) [1]; 99.6-9 (III, HermN) [1] [with epithema]; 100.9-10 (238, MagdMir) [1]; 166.12-19 (26, Euh) [2]; 167.14-18 (39, Euh) [1]; 168.6-10 (120, HermN) [1]; 169.10-11 (197, HermN) [1]; 170.11-14 (202\/3, HermN) [1]; 171.17-19 (55\/6, Herakleia) [2]; 172.10-15 (208, ArsN) [1]; 321.7-8 (II, ArsN) [1]; 322br<\/sup>.9 -11 (II, Thead?) [1]; IV<\/strong> 600.10-11 (8A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN) [1]; 601.7-11, 22-27 (26A<\/sup><\/span>, PtolEu) [1]; 683.15-24 (244, Ox) [1]; P.Sakaon<\/span><\/strong> 67.6-7 (321, Thead); 68.11-13? (325, Thead) [1]; 69.14-15 (331, Thead) [1]; 70.6-7 (338, Boubastos) [1]; 73.8-10 (328, Thead) [1]; P.Sarap.<\/span><\/strong> 2.16-19 (126, Herm); 24.6-9 (123, HermN) [1]; 25.6-7 (125, MagdMir) [1]; 26.10-11 (125, MagdMir) [1]; 27.12-14, 16-18 (125, HermN) [1]; 28.11-13 (125, HermN) [1]; 43.11-17 (118, MagdMir) [1]; 44.10-13 (123, Akoris) [1]; 45.10-13 (127, Sinkere) [1]; 46.18-21 (128, Mnachis) [1]; 47.7-8 (128, HermN) [1]; 48.4-14 (123, Akoris) [2]; P.Scholl<\/span><\/strong> 8.16-18 (515, Herm); P.Select.<\/span><\/strong> 17.15-21 (IIIe<\/sup>, HerakN) [1]; P.Sijp.<\/span><\/strong> 21a.19-20 (186, Euergetis, KynopN) [1]; P.Soter.<\/span><\/strong> 4.14-24 (87, Thead) [1]; 26.12-14 (83-96, Thead) [1]; P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 2.7-10 (217, Herm) [1]; 4.15-17 (551, Herm) [1]; 10.11-16 (268, Herm) [1]; 30.9-14 (276, Thead) [1]; III<\/strong> 137.8-13 ? (325, Nagogis) [1]; IV<\/strong> 185.20-21 (c.55, ArsN) [2]; 186.3-9 (V\/VI, HermN) [2]; 218.16-19 (150, ArsN) (unique); 247.15-16 (550\/1\/2, Herm) [1]; 258.4-9 (II, ArsN) [1]; 267.15-17 (126-128, SokN) [1]; 282.2-4 (161-169, ArsN) [1]; 291.6-8 (124, HermN) [1]; V<\/strong> 336a.17-26 (212\/3, ArsN) [1]; 336b.17-21 (212\/3, ArsN) [1]; 338.16-17 (550, Herm) [1]; 358.2 (IV, UP) [1]; 362.10-14, 17-19 (thalloi) (149\/50, Euh) [1]; 398.13-15? (553, Herm) [1]; 465.11-13 (230, Polydeukia) [1]; 470.9 (IIe<\/sup>, Herm) [1]; 471.15 (500, Herm) [1]; 472.18-19 (533\/4, Herm) [1]; 475.9-10 (507\/8 or 522\/3, Herm) [1]; 476.7-8 (VIe<\/sup>, Herm) [1]; 477.11-15 (VIe<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; 482.11-14 (542, HermN) [1]; 483.17-18 (512, HermN) [1]; 486.3-7 (504\/5, HermN) [1]; VI<\/strong> 507.5-6 (138, HermN); 539.5-6 ? (290\/1, Herm); 540.1 (VI, UP) [1]; 557.10-11, 15-17 (291, Herm) [1]; 571.10-14 (175, Phil) [1]; 579.20-21 (521, Tarrhouthis) [1]; 584.7-11 (141, PtolEu) [1]; 597.11-14 (541, HermN) [1]; VII<\/strong> 615.5-7 ? (III, UP) [unique]; 655.14-16 (Vs<\/sup>, Herm) [1]; 673.5-6 (IV, ArsN) [2]; VIII<\/strong> 704.11-13 (82\/3, Hephaistias) [2]; 712.6-8 (IVl<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; 718.5 (V, HermN) [1]; 750.7-10 (VI, HermN) [1]; 751.15 ? (VIIe<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; 752.11 (VIIe<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; 753.13-14 (VIIe<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; 754.14 (VIIe<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; 755.15-16 (VIIe<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; 756.11-12 (VIIe<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; 757.13-15 (VIIe<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; 758.14-16 (VIIe<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; IX<\/strong> 812.3-8, ll. 6-7 (II, ArsN) [3]; P.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 105.17-18 (103A<\/sup><\/span>, Kerkeosiris); 106.15-18 (101A<\/sup><\/span>, PtolEu); 107.4-6 (112A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN) [1]; 108v<\/sup>.2.1-4 (93A<\/sup><\/span>\/60a<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN); II<\/strong> 325.15-16 (145\/6, Teb); 374.16-19 (131, Teb) [1]; 375.27-28 (140, PtolEu) [1]; 377.17-21 (210, Teb) [1]; 378.9-11 (265, Teb) [1]; III.1 815.ar<\/sup>2.1-9, ll. 7-8 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.ar<\/sup>2.35-46, ll. 43-44 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.br<\/sup>2.1-8, ll. 4-6 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.br<\/sup>.2.31-36, ll. 33-35 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.b r<\/sup>3.63-72, l. 67 (223\/2a<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.cv<\/sup>1.25-32, ll. 28-29 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.cv<\/sup>.1.36-41, ll. 38-40 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.dr<\/sup>.1.30-37, ll. 35-36 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.dr<\/sup>.1.38-44, ll. 41-42 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.dr<\/sup>.1.46-55, ll. 48-49 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.er<\/sup>.2-9, ll. 4-5 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.er<\/sup>.10-27, ll. 19-20 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.fr<\/sup>.2.6-12, l. 10 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.fr<\/sup>.2.13-30, ll. 18-21 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.gr<\/sup>.1-7, l. 3 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.gr<\/sup>.28-32, ll. 30-32 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.gr<\/sup>.34-40, ll. 36-37 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815gr<\/sup>.41-45, l. 43 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.hr<\/sup>.2.1-14, ll. 8-9 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.i.2.26-35, ll. 32-34 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.i.2.37-40, l. 40 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 819.7, 30-31 (171A<\/sup><\/span>, Oxyrhyncha) [1]; P.Trier<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 12.15-17 (179A<\/sup><\/span>, Herak) [1]; P.Turner<\/span><\/strong> 37.11-13 (270, PtolEu) [1]; 25.14-17 (161, Ox) [1]; P.Vat.Aphrod.<\/span><\/strong> 1.19-21 (598?, Aphr) [2]; P.Vet.Aelii<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 15.12-18 (223, Ankyron) [1]; P.Vind.Bosw.<\/span><\/strong> 10.6 (IV, HermN); P.Vind.Sal.<\/span><\/strong> 8.18-20 (323, HermN); 9.13-14 (509, Herm) [1]; P.Vind.Sijp<\/strong>.<\/span> 8.6-16 (127, HermN) [1]; 9.12-13 (V, Marmarike) [1]; 10.5, 10-14 (V\/VI, ArsN); 11.16-19 (453, Herm) [2]; P.Vindob. G<\/span><\/strong> 13263 + 13376 + 14694.10-13 (498, Herm) [1]; 13349.2-3 (VI, Herm) [1]; 13458 .1-2 (VI, Herm) [1]; 26588.20-23 (VI\/VII,<\/span> HermN) [2]; P.Wisc.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 5.15-16 (185, Ox) [1]; 7.14-19 (259\/60, Ox) [1]; II<\/strong> 52.9-12 (32, Kar) [1]; P.Worp<\/span><\/strong> 20.11 (155, Antin) [1]; 32.11, 15-17, 27-28 (155, Antin) [1]; P.W\u00fcrz.<\/span><\/strong> 11.14-15 (99, ArsN) [1]; P.Yadin<\/span><\/strong> 21.12-15 (130, Maoza) [3]; 22.12-17 (130, Maoza) [3]; P.Yale<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 51.8-9 (184a<\/sup><\/span>, Kerkesoucha) [1]; 70.1 (229\/30?, Ox) [1]; 71.11-12 (456, Ox) [2]; 72.4 (V, Ox) [2]; PSI<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 30.4-5 (82, HermN) [1]; 31.9-15 (163\/4, ArsN) [1]; 33.12-20 (150\/1 or 173\/4, Phil) [1]; 34.13-14 (397, Herm) [1]; 73.14-19 (III, Ox) [1]; 75.13-17 (VI?, Ox) [2]; 77.22-28 (551, Ox) [2]; III<\/strong> 175.15-16 (462, Ox) [2]; 178.1 (291, Ox) [1]; 187.11, 14-15 (274\/5 or 289\/90 or 280\/1, Ox) [1]; 188.9-11 (540, HermN) [1]; IV<\/strong> 283.16-24 (550, Aphr) [2]; 296.16, 22 (520, Herm) [1]; 315.10-12, 13-15 (136\/7, Ox) [1]; 385.6-7 (246A<\/sup><\/span>\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [1]; V<\/strong> 466.15-18 (518, Ox) [2]; 467.10-13 (360, Ox) [2]; 468.9-15 (200, Ox) [1]; 469.11-14 (334, Ox) [2]; VI<\/strong> 707.12-14 (351, Ox) [1]; 708.11 (436, Ox) [2]; 709.19-22 (566, Ox) [2]; 739.7-11 (163, Ox) [1]; VII<\/strong> 787.7-9 (176\/7?, ArsN) [1]; VIII<\/strong> 879.11-12 (99, Kar) [1]; 880.15-18 (254\/5, Ox) [1]; 881.5-7 (VI, OxN); 920r<\/sup>.1-5 (VI, OxN); 931.20-22 (524, Aphr) [2]; 963.18-21 (579, Ox) [2]; IX<\/strong> 1029.12-18, 18-21 (52\/3 OxN) [1]; 1030.9-17 (109, Ox); 1036.8-9 (192, OxN) [1]; 1056.9-12 (VII, ArsN) [2]; 1058.10-11 (V\/VI, ArsPol) [3]; 1069.14-17 (246, Ox) [1]; 1070.16-17 (260\/1 or 261\/2, Ox) [1]; 1071.11-17 (296, Ox) [1]; 1072.16-25 (IIIm<\/sup>, Ox) [1]; 1078.14-21 (356, Lenonos) [2]; X<\/strong> 1098.11-12 (51A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 1124.13-17 (150, Teb) [1]; 1129.8-11 (24\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; XIII<\/strong> 1330.11 (after 3.272, Ox) [1]; 1338.11-14 (299, Ox) [2]; XV<\/strong> 1518.9-11 (34\/5\/6, Bac) [1]; XVII<\/strong> 1678.2-11 (Iend<\/sup>, HermN); 1699.12-14 (173\/4, Ox) [1]; PSI Congr.<\/span><\/strong> XX<\/strong> 7.11-14 (104, Kar) [4]; SB<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 422.2? (222-238, Memphis) [2]; 4491.8-12 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [2]; 4492.10 (VI, ArsN) [1]; 4493.4-8 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [3]; 4727.6-8 (IV-VII, ArsN) [1]; 4753.9-12 (523, ArsPol) [3]; 4793.1-3 (IV-VII, ArsN) [2]; 4810.3 (IV-VII, ArsN) [2]; 5139.4-7 (VI, ArsN) [2]; 5252.16-23 (65, Nilopolis) [1]; 5286.27-30 (607, Panop) [2]; 5670.11-14 (167-192, ArsN) [1]; IV<\/strong> 7441.6-9 (230?, UP) [1]; 7443.10-12 (285, Ox) [1]; 7444.7-8 (327, Ox) [1]; 7474.5-9 (c. 254\/5, ArsN) [1]; V<\/strong> 7665.9-10 (225, ArsN) [1]; 7666.6-7 ? (330, PanopN) (unique); 7814.13-28 (256, Ox) [2]; 8086.13-14 (268, Sentrempaei) [1]; VI<\/strong> 8976.13-14 (after 105, SokN) [1]; 9085 inv. 16048, ll. 13-15 (565, Herm) [1]; 9085 inv. 16050, ll. 14-16 (579, Herm) [1]; 9085 inv. 16055, ll. 22-23 (589, Herm) [1]; 9154.16-17 (VII\/VIII, HerakN) [1]; 9226.15-18 (II\/III, SokN) [1]; 9269.10-12? (304, PtolEu) [1]; 9293.20-21 (573, ArsPol) [2]; 9461.17-20 (632, Boubastos) [3]; 9462.19-21 (c. 657, HerakN) [1]; 9561.22-25 (590, Ox) [2]; 9562.8-12 (214, Phil) [1]; 9612.5-7 (88\/7A<\/sup><\/span>?, Theog) [1]; 9873.7-9 (244, Oasis Magna); 9907.17-20 (388, Herm) [2]; 9918.9-13 (179\/80, OxN) [1]; 9921.13-16? (III, Ox); 9931.14-15 (405, Herm) [1]; 9932.11 (544\/599, Herm) [1]; X<\/strong> 10216.10-14 (III\/IV, Ox) [1]; 10263.10-13 (204, Ox) [1]; 10532.12-15 (87\/8, Ox) [1]; 10533.10-16 (171, UP) [1]; 10573.8-10 (10A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN\/ OxN) [1]; 10780.17-20 (172\/3, Ox) [1]; XII<\/strong> 10942.2-3 (4A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [1]; 10982.10-12 (288, Phil); 11047.14-17, 19-24 (194\/5?, Teb) [1]; 11061.9 (218A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [1]; 11228.14-23 (204, OxN) [1]; 11234.9-16 (210\/1, Ox); XIV<\/strong> 11279.14-17, 20-23 (44, Thead); 11281.10-13 (172, Ox); 11373.11-13 (513, Herm); 11403b.12-14, 16 (232\/3, OxN); 11431.1-5 (95\/6?, Kerkesis or ArsN) [1]; 11552.19-24 (221, Ox) [2, partially prepaid]; 11595.11-13, 15 (158\/9 or 181\/2, Teb) [1]; 11603.9-14 (157-159, PtolEu); 11711.9-16 (332, Herm) [1]; 11718.9-13 (141, Teb) [1]; 11720.10-12, 15-20 (170, Teb) [1]; 11911.21-23 (224, ArsN) [1]; 11933.15-19 (27A<\/sup><\/span>,\u00a0PtolEu) [1]; 12025.13-14 (IIIl<\/sup>, Tholt) [1]; 12049.13-15 (VI\/VII, Herm) [1]; 12050.10-12 (498, Herm) [1]; 12131.12-13 (553, Herm) [1]; 12132.8-10 (VI, Herm) [1]; XVI<\/strong> 12268.15 (IIIs<\/sup>, Ox) [1]; 12373.10-11 (158A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN) [1]; 12378.17-24 (504, HermN) [1]; 12469.8-9 (26A<\/sup><\/span>, SokN) [1]; 12481.18-21 (668, ArsPol) [2]; 12518.13-19 (104\/5, Thead) [1]; 12539.9, 10-11, 13-15 (26, Teb) [1]; 12569.1-8 l. 7 (66A<\/sup><\/span>-58A<\/sup><\/span>\u00a0or 55A<\/sup><\/span>-51A<\/sup><\/span>, Kerkesoucha Orous) [2]; 12569.8-25, l. 21 (66A<\/sup><\/span>-58A<\/sup><\/span>\u00a0or 55A<\/sup><\/span>-51A<\/sup><\/span>, Kerkesoucha Orous) [2]; 12583.16-18 (500, Ox) [2]; 12836.17-23 (225, Ankyron Polis) [1]; 12983.9-13 (161-169, ArsN) [1]; 13004.8-9 (314, Thmouis) [1]; 13005.14-16 (144, ArsN) [1]; 13006.16-20 (144, ArsN) [1]; 13008.18-25 (144, ArsN) [1]; 13010.13-23 (144, ArsN) [1]; 13011.11-13 (144, ArsN) [1]; 13012.13-16 (42, ArsN) [2]; 13017.8-13 (24A<\/sup><\/span>, SokN) [1]; XVIII<\/strong> 13100.7-8 (20\/19A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN) [1]; 13102.1-6 (81-95, UP); 13150.15-26 (II, Ox) [1]; 13161.8-28, ll. 16-17 (138, ArsN\/HermN) [1]; 13161.29-48, ll. 36-37 (after 138, ArsN\/HermN) [1]; 13161.49-60. l. 55 (after 138, ArsN\/HermN); 13582.9-11 (184, UP) [1]; 13584.16-18 (VIm<\/sup>, Herm) [2]; 13586.9-11 (VI\/VII, Herm) [1]; 13587.10-12 (555\/6, Herm) [1]; 13620.10-11 (473, Herm) [1]; 13850.9-16 (141\/2, ArsN) [1]; XX<\/strong> 14110.10-13 (VI, Ox) [2]; 14116.11 (212\/3?, Kerkeuris?) [1]; 14290.12-15 (III, Ox) [1]; 14291.9-10 (III, Ox); 14314.11-12 (26, Teb) [2]; 14315.20-25 (32\/3, Teb) [1]; 14337.13-17 (103, Ox) [1]; 14399.7-10 (IIl<\/sup>\/IIIe<\/sup>, Ox) [1]; 14464.12-13 (II, Ox) [1]; 14642.7-8 (III\/IV, Ox) [1]; 14983.7-10 (220-260, OxN) [1]; 15008.21-22 (578, Herak) [1]; 15027.5-7 (475, OxN) [2]; XXII<\/strong> 15245.1-4 (VI, ArsN) [1]; 15346.11-6 (88\/9, Kar) [1]; 15613.28 (111, Teb); 15620.11-12 (424, Alabastrine) [1]; 15729.20-26 (639, ArsPol); XXIV<\/strong> 15923.5-6 (VIl<\/sup>\/VIIe<\/sup>, HermN ?) [1]; 15925.7-9 (VIe<\/sup>, Ox) [2]; XXVI<\/strong> 16796.13-15 (518, Ox) [2]; 16819.17-21 (332, Herm) [1]; XXVIII<\/strong> 16865.3-7 (VII, ArsN) [2]; 16909.12-13 (420, Ox) [2]; 17196.14-20 (426, Ox); 17201.6-8 (VI\/VII, Herm) [1]; XXVIII<\/strong> 17208.6-11 (IVend<\/sup>\/Vb<\/sup>, Herak) [1]; XXX <\/strong>17338<\/span>.8-10 (621, ArsPol) [2]<\/span><\/span>; 17339.16-18 (630, ArsPol) [2];\u00a0SPP<\/strong><\/span> II<\/strong> p. 33, ll. 7-10 (328, Herm); III<\/strong> 239.5-6 (VI\/VII, ArsPol) [2]; V<\/strong> 119r<\/sup>.2.9-12 (before 266, Herm) [1]; 119r<\/sup>.3.18-19 (266, Herm) [1]; 119r<\/sup>.5.13-17 (after 266, Herm) [1]; 119r<\/sup>.7.12-15 (266, Herm) [1]; 119r<\/sup>.8.6-9 (266, Herm) [1]; XX<\/strong> 21.12-16 (215, ArsN) [1]; 22.8-10 (216\/7, HerakN) [1]; 53.13-15 (246, Herak) [1]; 55.6-7 (250, HerakN) [1]; 57.12-14 (263, Dionysias) [1]; 113.1-2 (401, UP); 126.11 (515, HermN); 131.10 (518, ArsN); 142.15-21 (543, ArsPol) [3]; 220.27-33 (618, ArsPol) [3]; XXII<\/strong> 173.13-14 (40, SokN) [1]; 177.11-15 (136\/7, SokN) [1]; ZPE<\/strong> 200 (2016) 336-346 ll. B6-B9 (163, Ophis, OxN).<\/p>\r\n\r\n

\r\n

4. Rent, Sharecropping<\/h2>\r\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\r\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\r\n

In sharecropping contracts, rent is paid in proportion to the yields: \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba\u03b2\u03b7\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u1fe5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2, \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03ba\u03b2\u03b7\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 (\u2018of all the resulting yield\u2019, \u2018of all the resulting wine\u2019). The clause is recorded in five Ptolemaic contracts, 29 from the Roman period to the end of the third century (mostly from the Arsinoite and Oxyrhynchite nomes) and 27 from the fourth and fifth centuries (mostly from the Hermopolite and Oxyrhynchite nomes). Finally, the sixth and seventh centuries yield 46 documents, primarily from the Hermopolite and Arsinoite nomes and from the village of Aphrodite. The Hermopolites provides 38 of the presently available documents, the Arsinoites 29, the Oxyrhynchites 10 (all early), and Aphrodite 12. Fruit plantations account for 57 instances of the available evidence, of which 39 documents\u2014more than one-third of the entire dataset (104)\u2014are comprised of vineyards. The term \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 (\u2018share\u2019) is used in all periods. In documentation from the Soterichos archive (I CE, Theadelphia), the lease is said to be concluded \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03c9\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u2039\u03b5\u203a\u03b9 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03b9 | 13<\/sup> \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u1ff6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f10\u03b3\u03b2\u03b7\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1|14<\/sup>\u03b8\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd (P.Soter. 1.12-14: 69 CE, Theadelphia) (\u2018\u2018At a third share to the lessee of the annual produce and yields from the vineyard\u2019).\u00a0In P.Harr. I 137.7-10 (II CE, Oxyrhynchos), the lessor is to receive, in lieu of a phoros<\/em>, half a share of the future yields: \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd | 8<\/sup> \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03ba\u03c5\u1fd6\u03b1\u03bd \u1f21\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 | 9<\/sup> \u1f10\u03ba\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u1f14\u03ba \u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd | 10<\/sup> \u03bf\u1f30\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd | 11<\/sup> \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd [\u00a0 ] \u0323\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c6\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c6\u03cd\u03c4(\u03c9\u03bd) | 12<\/sup> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03c1\u03cd\u03c9\u03bd \u0323[ \u0323 ] (\u2018As rent, the lessor is to receive half of the annual produce, both of the wine-yielding products of the vineyards and of the other crops therein, including dates, plants, and fruit trees\u2019). Under P.Oxy. VI 913, composed in the same nome in 443, the lessee is to give (\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd) the lessor \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 (\u2018instead of rent\u2019) half of the yields. Unlike the first two documents, however, the scribe here aims at creating symmetry, recording also the share of the lessee and the capacity by which he should receive it. The expression \u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u02bc \u1f67\u03bd | 15<\/sup> \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc[\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1] \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 recurs in other Byzantine documents as well. See P.Oxy. VI 913.12-17 (443 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u1f10\u03c6\u02bc \u1fa7\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f21\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03c3\u03bf\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bf\u03cd\u03c7\u1ff3 | 13<\/sup> [\u03c4\u1f78 \u1f25\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1]\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03b9\u03b3\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd | 14<\/sup> \u03bc\u0323[\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u1fc6]\u03c2\u0323 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3[\u03c4]\u03b5\u0323\u03c9\u0323\u03c2, \u1f21\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u02bc \u1f67\u03bd | 15<\/sup> \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc[\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1] \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd | 16<\/sup> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u02bc \u1f21\u03bc\u1ff6[\u03bd \u03c3]\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03b3\u1fc7 \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u1f25\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 | 17<\/sup> \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1[\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4]\u03c9\u03c2 (\u2018the terms being that we shall pay to you the landlord, in lieu of rent, half of the produce in good faith, and that we the lessees in return for the labour invested in the cultivation and the seed sown by us in the land shall keep the other half, with no delay.\u2019) (transl.: editio princeps<\/em>, p. 266). Such symmetry is also evidenced in documents from contemporary Hermopolites. Cf., e.g., P.Select. 16.9-12 (V\/VI CE, Hermopolis), in which the verbs \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 and \u03b4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 (both in the aorist infinitive) record the parties\u2019 acquisition of their respective shares: \u1f10\u03c6\u02bc \u1fa7 \u03c4\u03b5 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bf\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u1f25\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c5 | 10<\/sup> [\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03ba\u03b2\u03b7\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd]\u03bf\u0323\u03c5 \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03c5\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c6\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd | 11<\/sup> [\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u1f74 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03bc\u1f72 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b3]\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd (l<\/em>. [\u03b3]\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6) \u03b4\u03ad\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u1f25\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, \u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u02bc \u1f67\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1 | 12<\/sup> [\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd (\u2018... so that you the landowners shall have half a share of all the resulting wine and the yields of all the trees and palm trees and I together with my cultivator shall receive the other half share in return for my labour\u2019). A unique and detailed formulation appears in sixth- and seventh-century Aphrodite. In PSI VIII 934.9-12 (VI CE, Aphrodite), the scribe records the future division of the yields into three shares, of which the lessee is to receive one share \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, and the lessor two \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u0323\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd: [\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6] \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b3\u03b5[\u03bd\u03bf]\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u0323\u03c5\u0323 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf[\u03c2] \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03b9\u03b3\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd | 10<\/sup> [\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd]\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3[\u03b5\u03bd]\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c7[\u03cd]\u03c1\u0323\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u1f21\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 | 11<\/sup> \u03ba\u0323[\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70] \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c4\u0323\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1[\u03ad]\u03c2, \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bc\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f13\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, | 12<\/sup> \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u03b5\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03bf\u03c2 (l<\/em>. \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7) \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u0323\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd (\u2018\u2026 and when the time arrives every year, the surplus of all types of produce and chaff shall be apportioned to us divided into three shares, one share being assigned to me on account of my labour, and two shares to you on account of the rent\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

Bibl.: Waszy\u0144ski (1905): 148-158; Taubenschlag (1955): 358-359; Herrmann (1958): 204-213; Hennig (1967): 6-7; Kniepkamp (1970): 25-28; Hengstl (1972): 73-77; J\u00f6rdens (1990): 233-249; Kupiszewski (1991): 44.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

BGU<\/span> I<\/strong>\u00a0308.4-7 (IV-VII, ArsN); X<\/strong> 1946.6-8 (213\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt); XII<\/strong> 2157.9-10, 12-18 (485, Herm); 2158.3-6 (485?, Herm); 2175.2-5 (VI\/VII, Herm); XVII<\/strong> 2682.14-19 (481, Herm); 2689.1-6 (VI, Herm); XIX<\/strong> 2802.6-8 (IV, HermN); 2804.7-9 (488?, HermN); 2825.4 (VI, HermN); CPR<\/span> V<\/strong> 8.15-22 (320, HermN); XVIIa<\/strong> 29.11-13 ? (IV, Herm); P.Ant.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 89.10-15 (IVe<\/sup>, Antin); P.Apoll.<\/span><\/strong> 57.1-5 (VIIl<\/sup>, Apol); P.Bodl.<\/span> I<\/strong> 85.7-11 (II, ArsN?); P.Charite<\/span><\/strong> 2.11-12 (312-322?, Herm); P.Col.<\/span> <\/strong>VII<\/strong> 179.12-15 (300, Kar); 180.8-11 (315\/6 or 330\/1, Kar); VIII<\/strong> 232.18 (III, Ox); X<\/strong> 260.19-21 (149\/50?, ArsN); P.Coll.Youtie<\/span> II<\/strong> 89.15-18 (485, Herm); 90.16-22 (513, Herm); P.Flor.<\/span> I<\/strong> 17.10-15 (341, HermN); III<\/strong> 279.14-18 (514, Aphr); 282.26-29 (520, Aphr); 315.8-12 (435, Sesiy); P.Fouad<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 42.2.20-21? (III, ArsN); P.Giss.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 56.16-19 (VI, HermN); P.Grenf.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 58.11-16 (c. 561, Herm); P.Hamb.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 23.29-35 (569, Antin); 68.14-21, 25-31, 31-37, 40-42 (549\/50 or 564\/5, Aphr); III<\/strong> 222.20-21 (VI\/VII, Herm); P.Harr.<\/span><\/strong> 137.7-12 (II, Ox); P.Heid.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 351.11-18 (534\/5, Aphr); 352.9-12 (558, HermN); 353.4-9 (VI, AntaiN); 354.5 (VI, UP); P.Herm.<\/span><\/strong> 66.10?-13? (before 533, HermN); P.Jena II<\/strong> 6.18-20 (477, Herm); P.K\u00f6ln<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 104.b.1-4 (VI, Aphr); P.Laur.<\/span> I<\/strong> 7.6-8 (VI, HermN); II<\/strong> 29.3-6 (VI, Herm); P.Lips.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 18.20-22 (308, Herm); 22.12-14, 16-19 (388, Herm); 23.18-20 (374, Herm); 24.4-5 (IV, Herm); P.Lond.<\/span> I<\/strong> 113.3.4-5 (VI, ArsN); 113.4.11-13 (595, ArsPol); II<\/strong> 163.13-17 (88, Kar?); 226b.2?-5? (IIA<\/sup><\/span>, UP); V<\/strong> 1694.17-20 (516-532, Aphr); 1841.19-27 (536, Aphr); P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> IX<\/strong> 560.12-15 (46, Kar); XI<\/strong> 609.12-30 (244, Teb); XIII<\/strong> 666.18-26 (615\/631\/646, Aphr); XXI<\/strong> 849.6-8 (Iend<\/sup>\/IIb<\/sup>, Kar); P.Michael.<\/span><\/strong> 43.7-8 (526, Aphr); 46.14-16, 18-20 21-22 (559, Aphr); 93.2.9-12 (V\/VI, HermN); P.Oxf.<\/span><\/strong> 12.18-19 (153\/4, ArsN); P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 277.14-15 (19A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox); VI<\/strong> 913.12-17 (443, Ox); XXXVIII<\/strong> 2874.13-19 (108, Ox); XLV<\/strong> 3256.9-19 (317\/8, Ox); 3260.10-13 (323, Ox); 3267.8-10 (37-41, Ox); LX<\/strong> 4092.14-15 (355, Iseion Panga); P.Panop.<\/span><\/strong> 6.8-9 (336, PanopN); P.Paramone<\/span><\/strong> 18.20-22 (620, Herm); P.Rein.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 100.11 (212\/3?, AphrN); P.Ross.Georg.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 40.13-15 (588, Sesiy); 51.19-21 (630, ArsPol); P.Ryl.<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 583v<\/sup>.8-9 (170A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil); P.Sakaon<\/span><\/strong> 71.12-18 (306, Thead); P.Select.<\/span><\/strong> 16.9-13 (V\/VI, Herm); P.Soter.<\/span><\/strong> 1.12-17 (69, Thead); 2.10-15 (71, Thead); 3.16-18 (89\/90, Thead); P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 486.3-7 (504\/5, HermN); VI<\/strong> 598.14-18 (526\/541, HermN); P.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> III.1<\/strong> 815.fr<\/sup>.3.36-75 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb); P.Vat.Aphrod.<\/span><\/strong> 1.37-39 (598?, Aphr); P.Vind.Sal.<\/span><\/strong> 8.18-20 (323, HermN); P.Vind.Sijp.<\/span><\/strong> 10.5,\u00a010-14 (V\/VI, ArsN); P.Vind.Tand.<\/span><\/strong> 28.15-18 (576\/7, Herm); PSI<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 32.12-15 (208, HerakN); IV<\/strong> 296.22 (520, Herm); 316.8-10 (328, Ox); VIII<\/strong> 934.11-12 (VI, Aphr); XII<\/strong> 1233.13-15, 20-25 (323\/4?, PanopN); SB<\/span> III<\/strong> 7188.19-22, 23-24 (154A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN); IV<\/strong> 7369.12-19, 22-27 (512, Herm); VI<\/strong> 9294.10-14 (621\/2 or 636\/7, ArsN); 9587.27-34 (VI\/VII, ArsN); 9589.1-4 (VIl<\/sup>, ArsPol); 9778.6-15 (VI, ArsN); XIV<\/strong> 11855.27-31 (547?, Aphr); 12050.10-12, 23-28 (498, Herm); 12052.8-10 (545\/560, Herm); XVI<\/strong> 12228 (IV\/Vb<\/sup>, UP); XVIII<\/strong> 13850.16-17 (141?, ArsN); 13885.11-15 (547\/562, ArsPol); 13997.3-5 (VIIe<\/sup>, ArsN); 13998.3-5 (VI\/VII, Alexandrou Nesos); XX<\/strong> 14001.13-15, 17-19 (486, ArsN); 14416.11-13 (VI, HermN\/AntinN\/AphrN); XXII<\/strong> 15493.8-10 (435, Sesiy); 15769.11-13 (311, Ox); XXIV<\/strong> 15959.1-2 (VIf<\/sup>, Aphr); XXVI<\/strong> 16569.12-13 (62?, Euh); 16662.6-8 (VI, AntaiN); SPP<\/span> XX<\/strong> 70.16-20 (261, ArsN); 218.23-27 (624?, HermN).<\/p>\r\n\r\n

\r\n

5. Salary<\/h2>\r\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\r\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Given the fluctuations and variations of the creation clause in labour contracts, the salary clause is the one constant that identifies a document as a contract of labour. In some cases, the clause that records the salary closely resembles the rent clause as the most common term for remuneration, \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03cc\u03c2 is regularly used in the genitive case functioning as a genitivus pretii<\/em> [Type1]<\/a>.<\/strong> See BGU IV 1058.13-14 (13 BCE, Alexandria): \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f11\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae\u03b1\u03c2 | <\/span>14<\/sup> \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u1f10\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03bc\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1 (\u2018The wage agreed upon for the milk and nourishment, including oil, being ten drachms each month\u2019). This is the case in 32 documents, primarily from the city of Alexandria (6) and the Oxyrhynchite nome (14). In 99 other cases, payment of the salary is reported as an act of the employee <\/span>[Type2]<\/strong><\/a>. Here the most frequently attested verb is \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u1f71\u03bd\u03c9, which may appear in the infinitive, future indicative, or the participle (75 attestations). Another, later alternative is \u03b4\u1f73\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9, used in 25 documents, mostly Byzantine. Cf., e.g., P.Corn. 9.8-12 (206 CE, Philadelphia): \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd[\u03cc]\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f51\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd | <\/span>9<\/sup> \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u02bc [\u1f21\u03bc]\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3|<\/span>10<\/sup>\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd (\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2) \u03bb\u03db \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f51[\u03c0\u1f72]\u03c1\u0323 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u1ff6\u0323\u03bd\u0323 \u03c4\u1ff6\u0323\u03bd | <\/span>11<\/sup> \u1f21\u03bc\u03b5[\u03c1]\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u1fc6\u03c2 [(\u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2)] \u03b4 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f04\u03c1|<\/span>12<\/sup>\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03b7 \u03ba (\u2018You receiving on account of wage each day 36 drachms, and on account of all the days combined 4 <\/span>artabae<\/em> of barley and 20 pairs of bread\u2019).<\/span><\/p>\r\n

In another group of 57 documents [Type3]<\/a>,<\/strong> the employee acknowledges the past receipt of the salary, using for this purpose any of the established verbs of receipt (\u1f14\u03c7\u03c9, \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u1f71\u03bd\u03c9). Cf., e.g., P.Bad. IV 86.13-17 (99 CE, Ankyron): \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1|14<\/sup>[\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3]\u03b8\u0323\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 | 15<\/sup> [\u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c0] \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd \u1f41\u0323 \u1f38\u0323\u03c3\u0323|16<\/sup>[\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f08\u03c0]\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9|17<\/sup>[\u1f70 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f10\u03be \u03bf\u1f34\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 (\u2018The agreed-upon sum on account of wages for the entire period, 80 drachms, Ischyras has received from Apollonarion in cash\u2019). In another 26 cases, the act of payment is reported from the viewpoint of the deliverer [Type4]<\/strong><\/a>; in 14 of these documents, this is done with the verb \u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, or one of its compounds. The verb \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u1f73\u03c9 is used in 3 texts, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f73\u03c7\u03c9 in 4, and each of the verbs \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u1f71\u03c6\u03c9, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u1f73\u03c9, and \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u1f73\u03c9 in two texts. In [Type5]<\/strong><\/a>, the clause is introduced by the phrase \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f11\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd. It is recorded in four documents, all wet-nurse contracts. Cf., e.g., P.Rein. II 103.9-11 = CPGr I 14 (26 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f11\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7|10<\/sup>[\u03b3\u03ae]\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f51[\u03c0]\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03a0\u03b1\u03ac\u03c0\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30[\u03c2] \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u1fd6\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b5\u1f31\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u1f78\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd | 11<\/sup> [\u1f51\u03c0\u1f72]\u03c1 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1[\u03c4]\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u1fb6\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f11\u03be\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 (\u2018And on account of the agreed-upon salary it will be provided by Paapis as nourishment, clothing, and all remaining body-related expenses, sixty silver drachms every year\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

In 35 documents, a combination of several types appears. A good example is P.Oxy. LXVIII 4597.10-17 (294 CE, Oxyrhynchos), introduced by Type1<\/strong> and followed by Type3<\/strong>, Type2<\/strong>, and again Type3<\/strong>: \u1f40\u03c8\u03c9\u03bd\u0323\u03af\u0323[\u03bf]\u03c5\u0323 \u03bc\u0323[\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9]\u03b1\u0323\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd | 11\u00a0<\/sup>\u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bb[\u03bb\u03ae\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03bc\u1fc6]\u03bd\u0323\u03b1 \u1f15\u03ba\u03b1\u0323\u03c3\u0323\u03c4\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03bd\u0323 \u1f00\u0323[\u03c1\u03b3]\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03c9\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03c9\u03bd) | 12<\/sup> \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6[\u03b8]\u03b5\u0323[\u03bd \u03b4]\u1f72\u0323 \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u0323\u03bb\u0323\u03bf\u0323[\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6 \u1f41] \u0394\u0323\u03b7\u0323\u03bc\u0323\u03b7\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u0323\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u1ff6|13<\/sup>\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u0323\u1fe6\u0323 \u03a0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03bc\u03af\u03bd[\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6] \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03a3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u0323[\u03bf]\u03c5\u0323 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f11\u03bd\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd | 14\u00a0<\/sup>\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3[\u03c7]\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u0323[\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6]\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10[\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc]\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f04\u03c7\u03c1{\u03b5}\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1|15<\/sup>\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u0323\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8[\u03b1]\u03b9\u0323 \u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u1f61\u03c2 [\u1f10\u03c0\u1f76] \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u1ff3 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f76 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03ae\u03bb\u03c9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u1f14\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5 | 16\u00a0<\/sup>\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u1f45\u0323\u03bb[\u03bf]\u03c5\u0323 \u03c4\u0323[\u03bf]\u1fe6 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03ba\u0323\u03c4\u0323\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u03bf\u0323[\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b5]\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f44\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u1f13\u03bd | 17\u00a0<\/sup>\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f04\u03c1\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f00\u0323\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf, \u1f05[\u03c0]\u03b5\u03c1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f70 \u1f41\u03bc[\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf]\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6 \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 (\u2018... at a monthly salary of the mutually agreed four thousand drachmas of silver each month; from this (sum) Demetrammon acknowledges that he has received and been paid in full by Ptoleminus alias Sarmates for one month (the salary) of four thousand drachmas of silver, and that for the remaining future months until delivery he will receive his salary as stated for each month, and further as special payments for the entire period three keramia<\/em> of wine and one keramion<\/em> of vinegar and two artabae<\/em> of bread, which he also acknowledges he that has received\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

The most common term for salary is \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03cc\u03c2, recorded in 104 documents. Other recurrent terms are \u1f40\u03c8\u1f7d\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (13), \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u1f71\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (2), and \u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (8), the last-mentioned used in the context of the cession of liturgies. The word \u2018salary\u2019, if not functioning as the subject of a genitive absolute construction, appears in the accusative, functioning as the object of any of the aforesaid verbs. Alternatively, it is embedded in one of the following constructions: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6, \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6, \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6, \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd. The object of the wage, if the term of salary is the subject in the context of a genitive absolute construction, appears in the genitive; elsewhere it stands in the accusative. Some scribes insert an indication of time, either in the genitive (rent of \u2026, e.g., P.Mil. I 48.8: 549 CE, Oxyrhynchos ?: \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5), or within a prepositional construction (e.g., P.Fouad 37.3: 48 CE, Oxyrhynchos?: \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03bc\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f15\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd). The time frame may also be expressed adverbially (\u1f21\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03c2). The genitive case is also used to indicate the object (P.Oxy. L 3595.20: 243 CE, Senepta: \u1f01\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd), the labour (P.Oxy. III 498.11 (II CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03be\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2), or the unit of measurement (P.Got. 7.9 (III CE, Panopolites): \u1f11[\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5] \u03c0\u0323\u03ae\u0323\u03c7\u0323\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2). In most cases, the salary is paid in cash (118 cases); various commodities are also attested\u2014grain (13), wine (10), oil (7), and bread (6). Payments in kind are most frequent in wet-nurse contracts.<\/p>\r\n

Bibl.: Zambon (1935): 55, 57-59; Bolla (1940): 18-27; Montevecchi (1950): 11-12; Taubenschlag (1955): 368; Herrmann (1957\/8): 122-124; Adams (1964): 134-135; Hengstl (1972): 44, 106-112; Manca Masciadri \u2013 Montevecchi (1984): 24; J\u00f6rdens (1990): 157-159, 209-210; Bergamasco (1994): 140-150; Morelli (1997): 13;<\/span> Straus<\/span> (2017): 127-128; Freu (2022):<\/span> e.g., 41-44.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

BGU<\/span> I<\/strong> 310.13-16 (663?, ArsN) [2: \u03b4\u03ad\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9: misthos]; IV<\/strong> 1058.13-15 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [1: misthos]; 1106.14-16 (before 20.2.13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1*: misthos]; 1107.10-11 (before 23.3.13, Alex) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1: misthos]; 1108.8-9 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [1: misthos with 3: \u03b5\u1f34\u03bb\u03b7\u03c6\u03b5\u03bd]; 1109.12-13 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [1: misthos with 3: \u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd]; 1110.10-13 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [3: \u03c0\u0323\u03b5\u0323\u03c0\u0323\u03bb\u0323\u03b7\u0323\u03c1\u1ff6\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9]; 1112.5-10 (after 26.1.4A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [3: \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9]; 1122.10-1 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [1: misthos with 3: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd]; 1125.10-14 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [3: misthos]; VI<\/strong> 1258.4-6, l. 5 (154\/3A<\/sup><\/span>\u00a0or 143\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Herm?) [1: misthos]; 1258 l. 7 (154\/3A<\/sup><\/span> or 143\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Herm?) [misthos]; VII<\/strong> 1647.9-11 (129, Phil) [1: misthos]; XIX<\/strong> 2827r<\/sup>.21-26? (595, Herm) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd; misthos]; 2828.5-6 (VIIb<\/sup>, Herm) [2: \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u1ff6\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9: misthophoria]; CPR XIV<\/strong> 2.6-14 (VIl<\/sup>\/VIIe<\/sup>, ArsN) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: misthos; with 3: \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f24\u03b4\u03b7 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd]; XVIII<\/strong> 1.8-9 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog); 11.221-222 (231A<\/sup><\/span>?, Theog) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd: misthos]; 18.376-381 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [4: ed.: \u03b4\u0323[\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5]\u03b9\u0323;]; P.Aberd.<\/span><\/strong> 58.6-8 (III, UP) [4]; 59.c.3-6 (Vend<\/sup>\/VIb<\/sup>, PanopN?) [\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd]; P.Alex.<\/span><\/strong> 8.13-15 (89, Boubastos) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; P.Alex.Giss.<\/span><\/strong> 5.12-13 (215, ArsN) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4o\u03c2]; P.Amst.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 49.22-23 (206-212, Ox) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u0323[\u03bd ];]; P.Athen.<\/span><\/strong> 20.18-25 (110, AphrN) [1: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd*; misthos]; P.Bad.<\/span><\/strong> IV 86.13-17 (99, Hibeh) [3; \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd; misthos]; P.Bagnall<\/span><\/strong> 33.14-16 (496, Ox); P.Bodl.<\/span> I<\/strong> 169.4-14 (308?, Oasis Magna); P.Cair.Isid.<\/span><\/strong> 81.12-22 (297, ArsN) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4o\u03c2: misthos+ekpisma]; P.Cair.Masp. I<\/span><\/strong> 67001.28-31 (514, Aphr) [2: \u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03c8\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd; misthos]; 67116.3-5 (548, Aphr) [3: timema]; III<\/strong> 67305.13-15 (568, Antin) [4: \u03b5\u1f30\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4o\u03c2: misthos]; P.Cair.Preis.<\/span><\/strong> 38.5-11 (IV, UP) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2]; P.Col.<\/span> IV<\/strong> 76.3-7 (247A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [3: \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9: misthos]; X<\/strong> 280.5-8 (269\/70 or 276\/7, Ox?) [3: \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd with 4: \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd*]; P.Corn.<\/span><\/strong> 9.8-12 (206, Phil) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd: misthos]; 11.22-23 (204\/5 or 233\/4, Phil) [4: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2]; P.CtYBR inv<\/span><\/strong>. 153.10-13 (VI, OxN) [2: \u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u1f79\u00b5\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2: misthos]; P.Dubl.<\/span><\/strong> 26.7-9 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [2: \u03b4\u03ad\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9: misthos with 3: \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f24\u03b4\u03b7 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd]; P.Fam.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> 54.11-18 (219\/233, Antin?) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd: misthos]; P.Flor.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 25.20-25 l. 24 (IIIm<\/sup>, PtolEu) [2: opsonion]; 39.9 (396, Ox) [2: \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9]; 51.1-6 l. 6 (138-161, ArsN); 74.10-15 (181, Ibion Sesymbotheos) [1: misthos]; 80.11-13 (I\/II, HermN) [1: misthos]; 101.3-4, (78\/91, HermN) [4: \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2: misthos]; P.Fouad<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 37.3-4 (48, Ox?) [4: \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9: misthos]; P.Gen.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 73.8-11 (IIIb<\/sup>, Phil) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4o\u03c2: misthos]; P.Got.<\/span><\/strong> 7.8-12 (IIIm<\/sup>, Panop) [2: \u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9]; P.Grenf.<\/span> II<\/strong> 67.10-16 (237, Bac) [2; \u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd (sic!); misthos; timema]; 87.32-34 (602, Herm) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, daily?]; P.Hamb.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 24.9-11 (223A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN) [3: \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd: katergon]; 68.14-21 (549\/50 or 546\/65, Aphr) [4: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9: misthos]; P.Harr.<\/span><\/strong> 64.24-29 (269\/70, Ox) [3: \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: salarion]; 82.16-17 (345, Ox) [1: enoikion]; P.Heid.<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 328.9-10 (III, UP) [1: misthos]; V<\/strong> 345.3-6 (VIe<\/sup>, Ox\u039d) [2: \u03b4\u03ad\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9: misthos]; 350.25-30 (612, ArsPol) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u03b4\u03ad\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9: misthos]; P.K\u00f6ln<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 52.1.15-25 (263, Antin) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd: misthos]; P.Lond.<\/span> II<\/strong> 331.10-12 (165, SokN) [2; \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; III<\/strong> 948r<\/sup>.5-7 (236, Thead) [2: \u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9: cash]; 1050.8-9 (VIl\/V, Herm) [2: \u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2]; 1166.8-11 (165, PtolEu) [3: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03c7\u03ae\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9: misthos + time kyamaton]; V<\/strong> 1706.2-5 (VI, Aphr) [3: \u1f10\u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1* \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6: cash]; P.Mert.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 97.12-15 (VI, ArsN?) [3; \u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd; misthoi ergasias]; III<\/strong> 118.19-22 (82, Ox) [5]; P.Meyer<\/span><\/strong> 11.13-15 (102-114, ArsN) [2: misthos]; P.Mich. II<\/span><\/strong> 121r<\/sup>2.8.2 (42, Teb); V<\/strong> 241.24-38, ll. 28-31 (46, Teb) [2: \u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9: misthos]; 349.4-9 (30, ArsN) [3: \u03b5\u1f30\u03bb\u03b7\u03c6\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: misthos]; 355.7-10 (c. 48-56, Teb) [4: \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9]; IX<\/strong> 574.9-15 (IVe<\/sup>, Kar) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2: misthos + 3]; XI<\/strong> 603.22-24 (134, ArsN) [3: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd: salarion]; P.Mich.Inv.<\/span><\/strong> 4436g + 4344, ll. 9-14 (12\/1A<\/sup><\/span>,<\/span> Thead?); P.Michael.<\/span><\/strong> 19.13-14 (III, OxN) [2: misthos]; 28.13-14 (311\/2, HerakN) [misthos: cash]; 46.18-20 (559, Aphr) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: misthos for \u2018the wooden machine\u2019]; 48.24-27 (572, Aphr) [5: ed.: \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76\u0323 \u03c4\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u1fe6\u0323 \u03bc\u0323\u03b9\u0323\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2;]; P.Mil.<\/span> I<\/strong> 47.9-14 (III, UP) [4: \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2: mistharion: cash]; 48.7-10 (549, Ox?) [2: \u03b4\u03ad\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9: misthos with trophe, endomenia and expenses for the entire period: cash]; 56.12 (V, Ox\u039d) [2: \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u1f77\u03c2: opsonion]; P.Mil.Vogl.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 65.13-15 (160-180, Teb) [2: \u03bb\u0323\u03b1\u0323[\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4]o\u03c2; for the work on the three arouras, per aroura: cash]; P.M\u00fcnch.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 100.10-15 (574, ArsPol) [cash]; P.Oslo<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 135.8-13 (286-293, Ox) [1: misthos; cash and grain: annually with 3: \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: one year: grain]; P.Oxf.<\/span><\/strong> 10.20-22 (98-117, Thead) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u0323[\u03bd]\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2: opsonion, monthly]; P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 140.18-22 (550, Ox) [2: \u03b4\u03ad\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9: opsonion: for the employee and the hipokommoi: grain and wine]; II<\/strong> 275.17-21, 31-33 (66, Ox) [4: maintenance and clothing: the entire period: cash]; III<\/strong> 498.11-28 (II, Ox) [1: misthos: \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03be\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: cash], [2: \u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9: daily: bread and prosphagion], [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd: misthos for the service (\u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1): daily: cash, bread, prosphagion]; IV<\/strong> 724.5-11 (155, Ox) [1: misthos: cash with 3: \u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c2]; 725.16-35 (183, Ox) [4: \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9: misthos of the apprentice: monthly, cash]; 729.11-12 (138, Ox) [1: opsonion]; 731.6-11 (9\/10, Ox) [1: misthos: annually, cash]; VII<\/strong> 1025.19-20 (IIIl<\/sup>, Ox) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2: misthos + timia]; X<\/strong> 1275.15-20 (III, Souis\/Ox) [1: misthos; daily, cash and kind with 3: \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: arrhabon: cash]; XII<\/strong> 1510.5-11 (II\/IIIe<\/sup>, Ox) [1: opsonion: cash, but see also \u2018supply of materials\u2019]; XIV<\/strong> 1626.11-19 (325, Ox) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2: misthos: daily, cash with 3: \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: misthos of two months]; 1647.25-36 (IIl<\/sup>, Ox) [1: misthos: monthly, cash]; XIX<\/strong> 2239.16-20 (598, OxN) [2: \u03b4\u03ad\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9:<\/span> misthos; in cash and kind]; XX<\/strong> 2282.2-10 (IIIl<\/sup>, Ox) [4: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2: misthos: cash and kind (expenses) with 3: \u03bc\u0323\u03b5\u0323\u03c4\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd and 2: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2]; XXXI<\/strong> 2586.20-30 (264, Ox) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1: misthos: annually, cash with 3: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 (prochreia)]; XXXIV<\/strong> 2721.13-22 (234, Ox) [1: misthos: daily, in cash and kind with 3: \u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03bd (arrhabon)]; XXXVIII<\/strong> 2859.11-13 (301, Ox) [2: \u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9: salaria: daily, cash with 3: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9]; 2875.18-19 (IIIe<\/sup>, Ox) [2: \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u0323\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5: misthos: monthly]; XLI<\/strong> 2977.18-28 (239\/40, Ox) [2: \u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9]; 2988.4-11 (II?, Ox) [2: \u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u1fc3]; XLIII<\/strong> 3095.23-30 (217\/8, Ox) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd: opsonion; monthly, cash]; XLVII<\/strong> 3354.20-30 (c. 257, Epoikion Nomou\/Senepta) [1: misthos: for the cultivation of the vineyard (\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f14\u03c1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5): per aroura: cash with 2: \u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03c8\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1: \u03be\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: in kind]; L<\/strong> 3595.17-27 (243, Senepta) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2; \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9: misthos: for \u1f01\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd, \u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c5\u0323\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u0323\u03bf\u03c2: cash, wine and vinegar]; 3596.20-28 (219-255, Ox) [1: misthos for the work: by quantity with 2: [\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8]\u03bf\u0323\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9\u0323]; 3597.12-27 (260, Ox) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4o\u03c2; \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9: misthos for the work: by unit, cash]; LI<\/strong> 3641.7-15 (544, Ox) [2: per unit, cash]; LVIII<\/strong> 3933.16-19 (588, Ox) [2: misthos: annually, cash]; LXIII<\/strong> 4388.11-14 (423, Ox) [4: \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9: misthos: monthly: wine]; LXIII<\/strong> 4597.10-17 (294, Ox) [1: opsonion: monthly, cash with 3: \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u1ff6\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 and 2: \u1f00\u03c0\u0323\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8[\u03b1]\u03b9\u0323: salaria: monthly and a further payment in kind]; LXXIII<\/strong> 4967.5-7 (VIl<\/sup>\/VIIe<\/sup>, Ox) [2: \u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2: opsonion or misthos: annually; \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03bc\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f11\u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5]; LXXIV<\/strong> 5014.10-16 (III, Ibion Ammoniou) [1: misthos; daily; in cash and kind with 3: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03bd: (arrhabon) and 2: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9]; 5015.11-18 (IIIa<\/sup><\/span> Thosbis) [1: misthos: daily, in cash and kind with 3: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf: arrhabon and 2: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9]; LXXVII<\/strong> 5107.26-31 (210\/1, Ox) [1: opsonion with additional provisions; cash with 3: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u0323\u03b9 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03bd, and 2: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1]\u03bb\u0323\u03ae\u03bc\u0323\u03c8\u0323[\u03b5]\u03c4\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03b9];]; 5121.12-14 (485, Ox) [2: \u03b4\u03ad\u03be\u03b1[\u03c3\u03b8]\u03b1\u0323\u03b9; misthos: annually, in kind]; LXXVIII<\/strong> 5168.12-14 (18A<\/sup><\/span>?, Ox) [4: \u03c7\u03bf\u0323\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u2039\u03b5\u203a\u03b9\u03bd]; LXXXIV<\/strong> 5474.35-37 (617\/8, Ox) [2: misthos*: annual]; P.Oxy.Elmagh.<\/span><\/strong> 11.18-24 (266?, Ox) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd: opsonion: cash]; P.Princ.<\/span><\/strong> III 145.1-9 (VI, UP) [2: \u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1: arrhabon of the misthoi: annual]; P.Rein.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 103.9-16 (26, Ox) [5: \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f11\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7[\u03b3\u03ae]\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9: maintenance and clothing and other contract-related expenses: annually, cash with 3: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd; for the first year, in cash]; 104.11-15 (25\/6, Ox) [5, ed.: [\u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f11\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0]\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03b8\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: maintenance and clothing and other contract-related expenses: annually, cash with 3: ed.: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f00]\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd;]; 105.3-4 (432, Ox) [1: misthos: annual]; P.Ross.Georg.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 18 no. 4, l. 18 (139\/40, ArsN) [2: ed.: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc[\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2: misthos]; 18 no. 16 l. 69 (139\/40, ArsN) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2: misthos: monthly, cash]; 18 no. 17, l. 80-81 (139\/40, ArsN) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd]\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2: opsonion: monthly, cash]; 18 no. 72 ll. 301-302 (139\/40, ArsN) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf]\u03c2: misthos: daily, cash]; 18 no. 74 ll. 312-316 (139\/40, ArsN) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2: monthly: cash and kind + thalloi]; P.Ryl.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 88.16-20 (156, ArsN) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd: for the duration of the contract: cash]; 171.15-17 (55\/6, Herakleia) [2: \u1f10\u03c6\u02bc \u1f67\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u1f7d\u03bd]; 322a.2-4 (II, UP) [2]; 342.11-22 (70\/1, Alex?) [1: misthos: for milk and nourishment with oil, with 3: [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7]\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd]; P.Sakaon<\/span><\/strong> 58.11-16 (299, Thead) [2: \u03bb[\u03b1\u03bc]\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2: misthos: daily, cash with 3: \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u0323[\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd] \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd; one month]; P.Select.<\/span><\/strong> 4.1-3 (VI\/VII, UP) [2: [\u03b4\u03ad\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9]: misthos: the duration of the contract, cash]; P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 40.44-50 (569, Antin) [2: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1; misthos or diarion: in kind; for clothing (\u03b2\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd): cash and kind]; V<\/strong> 341.16-21 (85, SokN)(?); VII<\/strong> 678.18-19 (568\/9, Herm) [4: \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: in kind]; P.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 105.19-22 (103\/2A<\/sup><\/span>,<\/span> Kerkeosiris) [4: \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2: \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c7\u03b5\u03c1\u03c3\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1\u03bd: cash with 3: \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1]; II<\/strong> 385.16-22 (117, Teb) [3: \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7[\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd]: \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f11\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc7: cash with 3: \u03ba\u03bf]\u03bc\u03b9\u03b5\u2039\u1fd6\u203a\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9;]; III.1<\/strong> 808.6-8 (151A<\/sup><\/span>-140A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [kategon, analomata]; 815.1r<\/sup>.2.25-34, ll. 31-33 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u0323\u03bd\u03c4\u0323\u03b1\u0323: monthly, cash]; P.Vind.Sal.<\/span><\/strong> 8.7-12 (323, HermN) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2: misthos: in cash and kind]; 9.9 (509, Herm) [2: \u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u0323\u03bc\u0323\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2: misthos: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u0323\u03c1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2: annual, cash]; P.Wisc.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 4.11-17 (53, Ox) [3: \u1f00\u0323\u03c0\u0323\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5; clothing and nourishment; duration of the contract: cash with 4 \u03b4\u0323[\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9; maintenance (diatrophe): cash]; PSI<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 203.5-7 (87, Ox) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3]\u03b1: misthos for nourishment and clothing: in cash and kind with 3; \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd: cash; for one year with 4: \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9: cash]; 241.13-15 (III, Antin) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd[\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd: misthos: daily, cash]; IV<\/strong> 287.11-13 (377, Ox) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd: daily, cash]; VI<\/strong> 689a.13 (423\/4, Ox) [misthos]; VII<\/strong> 789.6-9 (I\/II, HermN) [1: misthos for the harvest: by aroura. in kind with 3: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03ae\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd; cash]; ll. 13-16 [2: \u03bc\u03b5[\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2: misthos]; VIII<\/strong> 881.3-5 (VI, OxN) [4; \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; misthos?; for the vineyard; in kind]; VIII<\/strong> 921.20-24 ll. 20-22 (143\/4, ArsN) [3: misthos mechanes*, cash]; 962 B.31-37 (131\/2, Herakleopolis) [1: misthos: for the duration of the contract: cash with 3: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u1f34\u03bb\u03b7\u03c6\u03b5\u03bd and 4:<\/span> \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9]; IX<\/strong> 1037.16-19 (301, Ox) [2: misthos or salaria: daily: cash: with 3: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9; salarion: for one month, cash]; XIII<\/strong> 1338.11-14 (299, Ox) [4: \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9: phoros: per aroura, cash]; RMO inv.<\/span><\/strong> no. F. 1948\/3.3, ll. 6-9 (II, UP) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; SB<\/span> I<\/strong> 4490.17-24 (641 or 656, ArsPol) [2: \u03b4\u03ad\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9: misthos: for the year, in cash and kind with 3: \u1f10\u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd; \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f24\u03b4\u03b7: cash]; 4503.19-24 (605\/607, This) [3: \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9: misthos: for the two years: in kind]; 4739.6-13 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [2: \u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2: for the year, in cash and in kind]; 5325.2 (IV-VII, UP) [3: misthos: for the year]; IV<\/strong> 7375.17-18 (222-235, Panop) [sala4: \u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2: salarion: annually, cash with 3: \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03b7\u03c6\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9]; V<\/strong> 7557.8-10 (IIl<\/sup>, Alabastrine) [1: misthos: daily, cash]; VI<\/strong> 9293.17-20 (573, ArsPol) [2: \u03b4\u03ad\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9: georgikos misthos: ed.: \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u02bc \u1f41]\u03bc\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03b9\u0323\u03cc\u03c4\u0323\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f18\u03c1\u03c5|[\u03b8\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5];]; 9587.23-27 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [2: \u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5: opsonion: per aroura, in cash and kind]; VIII<\/strong> 10205.16-20 (222\/3 or 226\/7, Ox) [3: \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: salarion et al.: cash]; X<\/span><\/strong> 10236.19-24 (36, Ox) [4: \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9: maintenance and clothing; monthly: cash]; 10439.9-14 (III, Thraso) [4: \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2: mistharion + thalion: in cash and kind]; 10751.3 (IIIb<\/sup>, UP) [2: \u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2: misthos: in cash and kind with 3: prochreia]; XVIII<\/strong> 13305.40-42 (271, Kar) [2: payment to the apprentice: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2]; 13960.6-14 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [2: \u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2: misthos: for the year, in cash and kind with 3: prochreia]; 13962.5 (630-645, ArsN) [2: \u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u0323\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2: misthos]; 13963.5-6 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [2: [\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]: \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4]\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f14\u0323\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2: occasion: cash]; XX<\/strong> 14400.11-14 (VI\/VII, UP) [2: [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bb]\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1: misthos: annually, in cash]; XXII<\/strong> 15538.5 (13A<\/sup>, <\/span>Alex) [1: misthos: cash with 3: \u1f14\u0323\u03c7\u0323\u03b5\u0323\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u02bc \u1f10\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1; 4: \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9]; XXIV<\/strong> 16320.16-18 (293-304, Kellis) [3: largely restored]; XXVIII<\/strong> 17262.16-28? (246\/256, Ox) [ed.: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u0323[\u03c4\u03b1: misthos et al.: cash];\u00a0 XXX<\/strong> 17338.16 (621, ArsPol) [2: [\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]: in kind]; 17408.9 (V\/VI, UP) SPP<\/span> III<\/strong> 56.1-4 (VIl<\/sup>\/VIIe<\/sup>, ArsN) [3: ed.: [\u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd]: misthos: cash]; 96.1-5 (640\/655, ArsPol) [3: [\u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd]; misthos; for the \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03c4\u03bf]\u03c5\u0323 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1; cash]; 324.1-5 (672\/687, ArsPol) [3; \u1f10\u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1; misthos; for the \u1f40\u03bd\u03b7\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1; cash]; 395.1-4 (VI, ArsN?) [3: \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f24\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b5\u1f34\u03bb\u03b7\u03c6\u03b1: misthos: cash]; XX<\/strong> 217.10-15 (581, ArsPol) [2: ed.: \u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u1fd6[\u03bd: annona; misthos; of the posting officials, rents and all other expenses: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bd: annually, cash + 3: prochreia]; 219.21-26 (604, ArsPol) [1: misthos: \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u1ff7: for the year of the contract: in cash and kind]; XXII<\/strong> 47.4-5 (138-160, SokN) [3: per day].<\/p>\r\n\r\n

\r\n

6. Failure to Pay Salary<\/h2>\r\n

Category: Penalty, Remuneration<\/p>\r\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\r\n

BGU IV 1122.33-35 (13 BCE,<\/span> Alexandria) records the hiring of workers for the cultivation of agricultural land. The workers received part of their wages immediately and are to receive the remainder in future installments. The landowner must grant them access to the land and pay the remaining wages or, failing this, pay \u2018the equivalent epitimon<\/em>'\u00a0\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u0393\u03ac\u03b9\u03bf(\u03bd) \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf(\u1fd6\u03c2) | 34<\/sup> \u03c4\u1f74(\u03bd) \u1f14\u03b3\u03bb\u03b7(\u03bc\u03c8\u03b9\u03bd) \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f78(\u03bd) \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc(\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd) \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u0323\u03b9\u0323\u03b4\u0323\u03cc\u0323\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0(\u1f78\u03bd) \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6 | 35<\/sup> \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7(\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2) \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c3\u03b9 \u1f22 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4(\u1f78\u03bd) \u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bd(\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd) \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f34\u03c3\u03bf(\u03bd) \u1f10\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc(\u03bf\u03bd) (\u2018And Gaius shall allow them the assumption of the work for the duration of the contract and shall pay them, in addition, the remainder of the wages in the above-mentioned installments, or let him pay the equivalent penalty as compensation\u2019). In PSI IV 287.15-18 (377 CE, Oxyrhynchos), the employer is enjoined against casting out the employees or withholding their salary, but no sanction is recorded: \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f10\u03be|16<\/sup>\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd\u03b1\u03af \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9|17<\/sup>\u03bb\u03ad\u03bd\u03b9\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd) \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u1f78\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd|18<\/sup>\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 (\u2018And I shall not be permitted to dismiss him or withhold the agreed wages before the contract period is completed\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

BGU<\/span> IV<\/strong> 1122.35 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex); P.Cair.Masp.<\/span> III<\/strong> 67305.15-20 (568, Antin); P.Hamb.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 24.15 (223A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN) [\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd]; P.Stan.Class. inv.<\/span><\/strong> 2.22-26 (193, Krok); P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> VIII<\/strong> 703.9 (43\/4, UP); PSI<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 287.15-18 (377, Ox).<\/p>\r\n\r\n

\r\n

7. Interest<\/h2>\r\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\r\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Interest is recorded in all loan documents in all periods. Here, unlike leases and sale and labour contracts, it is routinely specified in the clause that records the act of lending. Discussed below are only cases in which the interest occurs in a separate clause, a practice that becomes common only in the Byzantine period. Even then, however, it is quite marginal, attested in just 38 documents and absent in 207. The clause follows the act of lending<\/a>, commonly introduced by a prepositional phrase functioning as a conjunction, \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff7 or \u1f10\u03c6\u1fbf \u1fa7. The verb, commonly given in the aorist, is that used in Byzantine papyri to denote acts of payment: \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, or \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9. The creditor, the prospective beneficiary, stands in the dative as the indirect subject; the amount stands in the accusative. The category of payment, given in the genitive and introduced by \u1f51\u03c0\u1f73\u03c1, \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 or \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3, is most commonly labelled \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1 (12 documents, predominantly Hermopolite and Antinoopolite), \u03b4\u03b9\u1f71\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd (8: Oxyrhynchite), \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 (3: Arsinoites), and \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03c5\u03b8\u03af\u03b1 (5: Hermopolite, Oxyrhynchite, late). Payment is commonly periodical (annual or monthly). In some cases, the amount is proportional to some monetary unit (\u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 vel sim.<\/em>). Payment is usually made in cash but can also take place in kind (in grain, wine or flax), as is the case in 5 documents (see below). Cf., e.g., P.Lips. I 13.10-17 (364, Herm): \u1f10\u03c6\u02bc \u1fa7\u03c4\u03b5 | 11<\/sup> [\u03c4]\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd [\u1f00]\u03ba\u0323\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd | 12<\/sup> [\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6]\u03bd\u03b1\u03af \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u02bc \u1f15\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ac|13<\/sup>[\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf]\u03c5 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd | 14<\/sup> [\u03c4\u03bf]\u1fe6 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03b6\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f11\u03be\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f09\u03b8\u1f7a\u03c1 | 15<\/sup> [\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2] \u1f10\u03bd\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u1ff6\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b7 (\u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2) \u1f30<\/p>\r\n\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba(\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2) \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 | 16<\/sup> [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c7]\u03c1\u03b9\u03c2 (l<\/em>. [\u03bc\u03ad\u03c7]\u03c1\u03b9) \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3|17<\/sup>[\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4]\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf (\u2018On the condition that as long as these (the principal) are unscathed and guaranteed against risk, I will give you every month on account of a fixed epikerdia<\/em> one-third of a gram of gold, the time being reckoned from the next month, Hathyr, of the present 8th year of the indiction without delay, until the return of the two solidi<\/em> recorded above\u2019).\r\n

Bibl.: Finckh (1962)<\/span>: 63; Herrmann (1962)<\/span>: 24; Zilliacus (1979):<\/span> 162-163; Kaser (1975): 248-249, 270.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

BGU<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 179.15-16 (138-161, ArsN); II<\/strong> 363.8-14 (580-620, ArsN) [\u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9: \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5: monthly, cash]; XII<\/strong> 2140.9-12 (432, Herm): [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: annually, grain, proportional];<\/span> 2206.15-20 (591-602, Herm) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: cash]; CPR<\/strong><\/span> VII<\/strong> 39.4-6 (405\/6, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u1f51\u03c0\u0323\u1f72\u0323\u03c1\u0323 \u03b4\u0323\u03b9\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03c6\u0323\u03cc\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c5\u0323: ed.: \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf]\u03bd\u0323 \u1f11\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd;]; 40.15-20 (492, HermN) [\u03b5\u1f30\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: monthly, proportional, cash]; XIX<\/strong> 38.7-13 (560\/575, ArsN) [\u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9: \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5: annual, cash]; <\/span>P.Ant.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 102.7-11 (445, Antin) [\u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5: cash]; P.Cair.Masp.<\/span> III<\/strong> 67309.39-44 (569, Antin) [\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: proportional, cash]; <\/span>P.Harr.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 86.5-8 (444, OxN) [\u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9; \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5: monthly, cash]; P.Herm.<\/span><\/strong> 64.4-5 (VII\/VIII, UP) [\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03c5\u03b8\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: annual, cash]; P.Kell.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 42.14-19 (364, Kellis) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9: ed.: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u0323\u03c1\u0323 \u1f10\u0323\u03c0\u0323\u03ad\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03b3\u0323[\u03bf]\u03c5\u0323: cash]; 43.7-13 (374\/387, Kellis) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9: ed.: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10]\u03c0\u0323\u03b9\u03ba\u0323\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: monthly, cash]; 44.8-10 (382, Kellis) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u0323\u03c9: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: annually]; P.K\u00f6ln<\/span><\/strong> XIV<\/strong> 583.10-13 (Vf<\/sup>, OxN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5: monthly, cash]; P.Lips.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 13.10-17 (364, Herm) [\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: monthly, cash]; P.Lond.<\/span> III<\/strong> 1319.12-13 (544, Herm) [\u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b3\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2];<\/span> V<\/strong> 1721.6-12 (542\/3 or 557\/8, Thebes) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; P.Michael.<\/span><\/strong> 43.15-18 (526, Aphr) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c6\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: annually, grain]; P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> XVI<\/strong> 1891.7-10 (495, Ox) [\u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5: cash]; XXXVI<\/strong> 2775.16-18 (IIIl<\/sup>, Ox) [\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1: diaphoron]; XLV<\/strong> 3266.9-12 (337, Ox) [\u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b1\u1f31\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd: monthly, cash]; LVIII<\/strong> 3952.31-37 (610, Ox) [\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9: *\u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03c5\u03b8\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: grain, cash]; LXXI<\/strong> 4831.11-13 (429, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5: woad]; LXXII<\/strong> 4918.12-15 (494\/5\/6, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5: linokalame (flax?)]; P.Prag.<\/span> II <\/strong>167.6-9 (580\/595?, ArsN);\u00a0 III<\/strong> 218.2-5 (c. 610\/1?, ArsN); P.Rain.Cent.<\/span><\/strong> 86.10-12 (381, HerakN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: monthly, sippion (flax?)]; P.Select.<\/span><\/strong> 1.8-9 (454, Ox) [\u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5]; P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 477.11-13 (VIf<\/sup>, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03c5\u03b8\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: cash]; VII<\/strong> 620v<\/sup>.2-12 (V, UP) [ed.: \u1f10\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03c3\u0323\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd\u0323 \u1f24\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u0323\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u0323[\u03b1\u03c2]: monthly, cash]; P.W\u00fcrz.<\/span><\/strong> 17.13-15 (454, ArsPol) [\u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: monthly]; PSI<\/span><\/strong> VIII<\/strong> 964.7-10 (520\/1 or 535\/6 or 550\/1, OxN) [\u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5]; SB<\/span> I<\/strong> 4498.11-18 (VI, ArsPol) [\u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9: \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5: annually, cash]; X<\/strong> 10524.11-13 (531, Antin) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: wine]; XVI<\/strong> 12472.8-11 (525\/6, OxN); XXVIII<\/strong> 17232.8-12 (484, Ox) [*\u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5: annually, cash]; XXX<\/strong> 17408.6-8 (V\/VI, UP).<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Section II. Prepayments and Special Payments<\/h1>\r\n
\r\n

8. Arrhabon<\/em><\/h2>\r\n

Category: Remuneration, Advance Payment<\/p>\r\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Among the twenty-four documents that exhibit an arrhabon<\/em> clause, in 10, all dating to the first two centuries, the arrhabon<\/em> is used as the first installment in the sale of landed property (5), slaves (3), or grain (1). The clause takes the form of a homologia<\/em>, in which the vendor acknowledges the immediate receipt of \u1f00\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u1f7c\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c2 of the price (\u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1fc6\u03c2) of the object of sale (in the genitive). Cf., e.g., BGU XI 2111.5-15 (IIe<\/sup> CE, Arsinoites): \u1f41\u03bc[\u03bf]\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u0323\u1ff6\u0323 \u1f14\u03c7\u2039\u03b5\u203a\u03b9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c3\u0323\u03bf\u1fe6\u0323 \u03c0\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03b1\u0323|6<\/sup>\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u1f78\u0323\u03c2 [\u1f10]\u03be \u03bf\u1f34\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 [\u03ba]\u03b5\u0323\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5 (l<\/em>. \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5) | 7\u00a0<\/sup>\u03b4\u0323\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u0323\u1f70\u0323\u03c2\u0323 \u03b4\u0323[\u03b9\u03b1]\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c1\u0323[\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd]\u03b1 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u2039\u03c1\u203a\u03b9|8<\/sup>\u03c6\u0323\u03bf\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u0323\u03bd\u0323 \u1f11\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u0323[\u03bd] | 9\u00a0<\/sup>\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c0\u03b5\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1fc6\u03c2 \u2039\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2\u203a \u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u0323|10<\/sup>\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f60\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u1f2d\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd\u0323[\u03bf\u03c2] | 11\u00a0<\/sup>\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f2d\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2. (\u2018I acknowledge that I have received from you, forthwith, from hand to hand out of the house, two hundred drachms as non-refundable arrhabon<\/em> out of the seven hundred drachms, the agreed payment for the she-slave which I have purchased from Heron son of Heron\u2019). The sole document that records the sale of grain, P.Lond. III 1229.15-16 (145 CE, Unknown Provenance), presents a different formulation: the purchaser acknowledges the future payment of the price and the vendor notes the immediate receipt of the first installment: \u1f14]\u03c7\u03c9\u0323 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd (\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd) \u03c1\u03ba | 16\u00a0<\/sup>[\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1]\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7[\u03bc]\u1f70\u0323\u03c2\u0323 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2. (\u2018I have received, out of the aforementioned 120 drachms, four drachms on account of earnest-money\u2019). Two early Roman documents, P.Fay. 91 (99 CE, Euhemeria) and SPP XXII 47.4-6 (138-160? CE, Soknopaiou Nesos), use the term arrhabon<\/em> to denote, in the context of a contract of labour, front money. In SPP XXII 47.4-6 the arrhabon<\/em> is paid in the context of a contract of performing artists, a recurrent pattern in later documents as well: \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f6d\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd\u03b1 | 5<\/sup> \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u2039\u03c1\u203a\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 (\u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2) | 6<\/sup> \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u039a\u03bb\u03b1\u03cd\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03bb\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c4\u03bb. (\u2018(The employee acknowledges) that he has received from Horos as non-refundable arrhabon<\/em>\u00a0four silver drachms, so that Claudius will play the flute\u2026\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

This new formulation will become, in what seems to be a rapid shift, the routine usage of the arrhabon<\/em> as early as the third century [Cf. Pringsheim<\/span> (1950): 373-376]. P.Oxy. XXXIV 2721.20-22 (234 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u1ff6(\u03bd) | 21\u00a0<\/sup>\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03bd \u1f41 \u1f08\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc|22<\/sup>\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f34\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9 (\u2018And from the hire money, Antinous has received twenty drachmae on the spot as earnest money\u2019). In the Byzantine period, the clause is used in the context of labour contracts in order to secure the employee\u2019s compliance with the terms of the contract. Cf., e.g., P.Oxy. I 140.22-26 (550 CE, Oxyrhynchos), where the employee\u2019s acknowledgement of the receipt of the arrhabon<\/em> is followed by the anachoresis<\/em> clause, which subjects him to a duplum<\/em> of the same amount in the case of escape: \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f51\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1(\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2) \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f24\u03b4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 | 24<\/sup> \u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1 \u1f25\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c5, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f10\u03be\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd[\u03b1\u03af] \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f11\u03bd\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 | 25<\/sup>\u00a0\u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 [\u03c4]\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f51\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u1fc6\u03c2. \u03b5\u1f30 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u03c4\u1f70 | 26\u00a0<\/sup>\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1 \u1f25\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c5 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f10\u03bd [\u03c4]\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u1ff7 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc7. (\u2018I acknowledge that I have already received from your magnificence four and a half gold solidi<\/em> as earnest money and that I will not be allowed in the course of the same one year to withdraw from your enduring service. If I do so, I acknowledge that I will reimburse your magnificence in the sum of double the same four and a half solidi\u2019<\/em>).<\/p>\r\n

Bibl.: Wolff (1946): 71-72: Pringsheim (1950): 333-429; Talamanca (1953): 21-22; Geginat (1964): 15-18; Visky (1974): 435-448; Herrmann (1982): 250-252; Straus (2004): 83-86; Jakab (2009): 73-99.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

AA<\/strong>: (\u1f00\u03c0)\u1f73\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0LA<\/strong>: \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9\/\u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 ELA<\/strong>: \u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03bd\/\u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 HyA<\/strong>: \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03ae(\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9) \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2<\/p>\r\n

BGU<\/span> I<\/strong> 240.2-7 (167-9 SokN) [sale, land; AA]; II<\/strong> 446.2-14 (169-177, Nilopolis) [sale, land; AA]; XI<\/strong> 2111.5-15 (IIe<\/sup>, ArsN) [sale, slave; AA]; CPR<\/span> I<\/strong> 30.b.5-7 (VI-VII, Herak) [marital arrangement; HyA]; P.Cair.Masp.<\/span> I<\/strong> 67006v<\/sup>.9-10 (566-570, Antin?) [marital arrangement; \u1f00\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; P.Col.<\/span> VIII<\/strong> 222.49-52, 59-63 (160\/1, Ox) [sale, slave, return of the arrhabon on the occasion of the sale; ELA: \u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03cd\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd]; P.Fay.<\/span><\/strong> 91.5-15 (99, Euh) [contract, labour; AA]; P.Gen. I<\/strong> 73.16-17 (IIIb<\/sup>, Phil) [contract, labour, LA]; P.Grenf.<\/span> II<\/strong> 67.16-19 (237, Bac) [contract, labour, performers; HyA]; P.Lond.<\/span> III<\/strong> 1229.15-16 (145, UP) [sale, fungibles; LA]; P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 121r<\/sup>.2.9 (42, Teb) [sale, land; AA]; P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 140.22-24 (550, Ox) [contract, labour; LA]; X<\/strong> 1275.20-22 (III, Souis\/Ox) [contract, labour; ELA]; XXXIV<\/strong> 2721.20-22 (234, Ox) [contract, labour, performers; ELA]; LXXIV<\/strong> 5014.16-18 (III, Ibion Ammoniou) [contract, labour, performers; ELA]; 5015.18-22 (III, Thosbis) [contract, labour, performers; \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf; HyA]; P.Princ.<\/span> III<\/strong> 145.1-9 (VI, UP) [contract, labour; \u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f21\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u1ff6\u03bd]; P.Select.<\/span><\/strong> 4.3-5 (VI-VII, UP) [contract, labour, restored; LA]; PSI<\/span> X<\/strong> 1153 (112\/3, PtolEu) [sale, land; \u1f00\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 (l.<\/em> \u1f00\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd\u03b1 or \u1f00\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2)]; XV<\/strong> 1530.3-15 (167-169, PtolDry) [sale, house; AA]; SB I <\/strong>5315.1-9 (IV-VII, UP); XXX<\/strong> 17371.8 (166\/7 or 198\/9, UP);\u00a0SPP<\/span> XXII<\/strong> 42.5-14 (185, PtolEu) [sale, land?; AA]; 47.4-5 (138-160?, SokN) [contract, labour, performers; AA].<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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9. Prodoma<\/em><\/h2>\r\n

Category: Advance Payment<\/p>\r\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\r\n

The prodoma<\/em> is a loan given by a lessee to a lessor on the occasion of the lease, paid, in the Ptolemaic period, in addition to rent. Unlike the rent, which is labeled ekphorion<\/em> and is to be paid in kind, the prodoma<\/em> is paid in cash. Manifold measures are made available to the lessee for the exaction of the prodoma<\/em> (cf., repayment of the prodoma<\/em><\/a>; no prodoma<\/em><\/a>; epigeorgein<\/a>;<\/em> basilikon kolyma<\/a>). Cf. in particular, P.Frank. 1.30-37 (scr.int.) (213 BCE, Tholthis): \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5]\u1fd6 \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f08\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u0323[\u03ce]\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u039d\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb[\u03ad]|32<\/sup>[\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f04\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd] \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6 [\u03bd]\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u0323\u03c2\u0323 \u1f11\u0323[\u03be]|32<\/sup>[\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1. \u03c4\u03b1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4]\u1f72\u0323 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9\u0323 \u1f08\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u039d\u03b5[\u03bf]\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u0323\u03ad\u03bc\u0323|33<\/sup>[\u03c9\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f22 \u03c4]\u1f70 \u1f10\u03ba\u0323\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9[\u03b1] \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u00b7 \u1f10\u1f70\u0323\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u0323[\u1f74] | 34<\/sup> [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff6\u03b9, \u1f10\u03be\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9 \u039d\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4]\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03c9[\u03b9 \u1f00]\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03cd\u03bd\u03c9\u03b9 [\u1f44]\u03bd\u0323\u03c4[\u03b9 \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf]|35<\/sup>[\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03c3\u1fd6\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd] \u1f11\u03be\u03ae\u0323\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd[\u03c4]\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u0323[\u1f78] \u03c4\u1ff6[\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba]\u03c6\u03bf|36<\/sup>[\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f61\u03c2 \u1f02\u03bd \u03c0]\u03c9\u03bb[\u1fc6]\u03c4\u03b1[\u03b9] \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f05\u03bb\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u0323 | 37<\/sup> [\u1f08\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2\u00b7 (\u2018And Apollonios acknowledges that he received from Neoptolemos, as a prodoma<\/em> bearing no interest sixty drachms of bronze currency. And Apollonios shall repay these to Neoptolemos before he (Apollonios) recovers the rent. And if he does not repay them, Neoptolemos will be allowed, without penalty, to deduct grain in the sum of sixty drachms from the rent, at the value for which the grain is sold at the threshing floor, and let Apollonios offset that amount\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

At the beginning of the Roman period, the function of the prodoma<\/em> changes, as it is now used to record the rent itself if it is paid in advance [cf., in particular, Hennig<\/span> (1967): 36-41]. The rent, however, is still called an ekphorion<\/em>, denoting a payment in kind, while the prodoma<\/em> is always paid in cash. A lease couched in these terms is called prodomatike misthosis<\/em>, a term amply attested in anagraphai<\/em> drafted in the fifth decade of the first century CE (e.g., P.Mich. V 238 recto (46 CE, Tebtynis), e.g., l. 11). The phrasing in this period is quite simple: P.Mil.Vogl. II 105.23-25 (before 132\/3 CE, Tebtynis): \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4(\u03b1\u03c2) | 24<\/sup> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u0394\u03b9\u03b4\u03cd\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 | 25<\/sup> \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f40\u03ba\u03c4\u1f7c \u1f10\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b9\u03b6 (\u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2) \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u1f79(\u03c2) \u03ba\u03c4\u03bb. (\u2018And the declaring parties acknowledge that they have received from Didymos in cash on account of prodoma<\/em> the rent of the eight years starting from the 17th year\u2019). In the Roman period, the clause is almost exclusively Arsinoite.<\/p>\r\n

Bibl.: Geginat (1964): 22-23; Hennig (1967): 36-41; Hengstl (1972): 78-79; Herrmann (1982): 247-257; Rowlandson (1999): 150-151.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

BGU<\/span> II<\/strong> 526.20-23 (86, SokN) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; 636.19-23 (20, Kar) [\u1f10\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9]; VI<\/strong> 1262.16-21 (216\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [\u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f04\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd]; XI<\/strong> 2036.21-24 (162\/3, Herakleia) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; XIV<\/strong> 2390.8, 21 (160\/59A<\/sup><\/span>, HerakN) [\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5]; XVII<\/strong> 2696.<\/sup>.26-28 (616, Herm) [\u1f10\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9]; CPR<\/span> XVIII<\/strong> 7.138-141 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/<\/span>206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog)?; P.Flor.<\/span> I<\/strong> 20.26-29 (127, Thead) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; 25.20-25, l. 23 (IIIm<\/sup>, PtolEu) [\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1]; P.Frankf.<\/span><\/strong> 1.30-33 (213A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f04\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd]; P.Freib.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 24.11-12 (178A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil)?; 34.13-14, 31-32 (173A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1]; 35.13-15 (177\/6A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [restored according to no. 34]; P.Hamb.<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 239.13-18 (IIImA<\/span><\/sup>, Tholt?) [\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5]; P.Kron.<\/span><\/strong> 10.20-21 (116, Teb) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; 24.1-3 (II, Teb) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 311.19-22 (34, Talei) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; IX<\/strong> 563.17-21 (128\/9, Kar) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; P.Mil.Vogl.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 78.17-18 (138\/9, Teb) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; 105.23-25 (132\/3, Teb) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; P.Ross.Georg.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 18 no. 16.65-67 (139\/40, ArsN) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; 18 no. 17.77-78 (139\/40, ArsN)?; 18 no. 25.108-110 (139\/40, ArsN)?; 18 no. 72.300 (139\/40, ArsN) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; P.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> III.1<\/strong> 815.br<\/sup>.2.9-15, ll. 13-14 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [\u03c4\u1f78 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9]; P.Trier<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 12.21-23 (179A<\/sup><\/span>, Herak) [ed.: [ \u0323 \u0323 \u0323] \u0323 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u0323\u03b4\u0323\u03bf\u03bc\u0323\u03b1\u0323 [ -ca.?- ];]; P.Warr.<\/span><\/strong> 11.10-13 (98, Kar) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; P.Yale<\/span><\/strong>. I<\/strong> 67.15-17 (31, Teb) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; PSI<\/span><\/strong> VIII<\/strong> 909.5-6 (44, Teb) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2*]; RMO Inv.<\/span><\/strong> no. F. 1948\/3.3, ll. 10-11 (II, UP) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; SB<\/span> V<\/strong> 7612.14-18 (II\/III, Alex?) ?; VIII<\/strong> 9922.13-15 (159, Theog) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; X<\/strong> 10531.15-17 (36, Teb) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; XIV<\/strong> 11487.21-23 (91\/2, Teb) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; 11843.21-23 (95, Teb) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2].<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n

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10. Return of Prodoma<\/em><\/h2>\r\n

Category: Advance Payment, Termination<\/p>\r\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Seven documents, all dating to the third and second centuries BCE, discuss the return of the prodoma<\/em>, an amount of money credited by the lessee to the lessor when the contract is executed. The rule, as stated in two documents (BGU VI 1262.18-20: 216\/5 BCE, Takona, and P.Hamb. IV 239.14-16: IIIm<\/sup> BCE, Tholthis?), is the return of the money before the conveyance of the first payment of the rent. P.Hamb. IV 239.14-16 (IIImA<\/span><\/sup>, Tholthis?): \u03c4\u03b1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9 \u03a6\u03af\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3|15<\/sup>\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u27e6 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323\u27e7 \u03c0\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03ce\u0323\u03c4\u03c9\u03b9 \u1f14\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bc \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f76 \u0394\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03b6\u03b5|16<\/sup>\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 (\u2018Let Philippos repay these to Demosthenes in the first year of the lease, in the month of Daisios, before he collects the rent\u2019). In another document, P.Freib. III 34.29-30 (173 BCE, Philadelphia), the lessor ought to return the loan if due to a royal hindrance the lessee cannot cultivate the land: [\u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u03ad \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u1f78\u03bd \u03ba\u03ce\u03bb\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u02bc] \u1f43 \u03bf\u1f50 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd \u03a0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd [\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd, \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9 \u03a0\u03c4\u03bf]|30<\/sup>[\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u0398\u03b5\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f45\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9]\u03bd\u02bc \u1f02\u03bd \u1f40\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b7\u03b9 \u1f24\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u1f78\u03bd \u1f22 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u1f78\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u1f21\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1[\u03b9\u03c2 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u1f00\u03c6\u02bc \u1f27\u03c2 \u1f02\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03af\u03c0\u03b7\u03b9] (\u2018But if some royal hindrance sets in, due to which Ptolemarchos is not able to warrant the lease, let Ptolemarchos return to Theokles the prodoma<\/em> and whatever he owes him in cash or kind within [\u00a0 ] days of the date on which he (i.e., Theokles) gives him a note\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

Bibl.: Geginat (1964): 23; Herrmann (1982): 237-240.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

BGU<\/span> VI<\/strong> 1262.18-20 (216\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona); CPR<\/span> XVIII<\/strong> 7.138-140 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/207A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog); P.Frank.<\/span><\/strong> 1.32-33 (213A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt); P.Freib.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 24.12-13 (178A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil); 34.28-31 (173A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil); P.Hamb.<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 239.14-16 (IIImA<\/span><\/sup>, Tholt?); P.Trier<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 12.27-28 (179A<\/sup><\/span>, Herak)?.<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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11. Failure to Return Prodoma<\/em><\/h2>\r\n

Category: Advance Payment, Penalty<\/p>\r\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Three third-century BCE documents from Tholthis record the payment of a prodoma<\/em> by the lessee to the lessor upon the execution of the lease. The documents also contain provisions for its return and a provision dealing with failure by the lessor to return the prodoma<\/em> as scheduled, in which case the lessee may deduct the amount of the prodoma<\/em> from the rent.\u00a0The terminology is that used in contemporary hypologos<\/em><\/a> (\u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd) and abrochos<\/em><\/a> clauses (\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9). Since rent is paid in kind and the prodoma<\/em> in cash, a rate is set: the value of grain on the threshing floor. Cf., e.g., BGU<\/span> VI 1262.20-22 (216\/5 BCE, Takona): \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u1f10\u03be\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9 \u0396\u03ae\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03cd\u03bd[\u03c9\u03b9 \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd] | 21<\/sup> \u03c3\u1fd6\u03c4[\u03bf]\u03bd \u03c4\u0323[\u1ff6]\u03bd\u0323 \u1f11\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f78\u0323\u03bd [\u03b4\u03c1]\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u0323[\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f61\u03c2 \u1f02\u03bd \u03c0\u03c9\u03bb\u1fc6]|22<\/sup>\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f05[\u03bb]\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9 \u0394\u03b1\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2. (\u2018If he (viz., Damas, the lessor) does not pay back (the prodoma<\/em>), let it be allowed for Zenon, with impunity, to subtract grain in the amount of one hundred drachms from the rent, the amount for which it may be sold on the threshing floor, and let Damas (the lessor) receive this as payment toward the rent owed\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

Bibl.: Herrmann (1958): 237-240; Geginat (1964): 23; Hennig (1967): 77.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

BGU<\/span> VI<\/strong> 1262.20-22 (216\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona); P.Frankf.<\/span><\/strong> 1.33-37 (213A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt); P.Hamb.<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 239.16-18 (IIImA<\/span><\/sup>, Tholt?).<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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12. Prepayment<\/h2>\r\n

<\/span>Category: Advance Payment<\/p>\r\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Many types of documents record the delivery of a commodity on the occasion of the act of contracting. Such is naturally the case with sales, loans, and dowry receipts. Contrastingly, it is rather irregular in leases and labour contracts, in which rent and salary are meant to ensue later in the course of the contract. There are also exceptions: in the Ptolemaic period, immediate payments by lessee to lessor take the term prodoma<\/em><\/a> while deliveries by lessor to lessee, in cash or in kind, are frequently labelled prochreia<\/em><\/a>. In the clause discussed here, on the other hand, advance payment of some routine forms of contractual remuneration is seen. Widespread in the context of leases contracts (42) and contracts of labour (11), start<\/span>ing from the Roman period and attested throughout Egypt, are accounts of the advance receipt of some of the remuneration. The best documented instances in this context include advance payments of the alimentation in wet-nurse contracts (9 documents), the advance payment of some of the rent (15 phoros<\/em>; 9 ekphorion<\/em>; 1 enoikion<\/em>), and an advance payment on account of future purchase (9 cases). The clause records the amount prepaid, its share in the total remuneration, and the period that it is meant to cover.<\/p>\r\n

The clause may take the \u2018protocol style\u2019, in which case the verb denoting receipt stands in the aorist, perfect, or present tense of (\u1f00\u03c0)\u1f73\u03c7\u03c9. If it occurs within the framework of a homologia<\/em>, the aorist is avoided, of course. The verb that signals receipt is any of those in common use: \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9, \u1f00\u03c0\u1f73\u03c7\u03c9, \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u1f71\u03bd\u03c9, as well as the medial voice of \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u1f73\u03c9. The clause also indicates the immediacy of the payment using any of the following adverbs: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd, \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9, \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd, or \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1 (cf. Litinas \u2013 Triantafyllou<\/span> (2019): 136-151). It may also report that the delivery took place on the occasion of the act of contracting: \u1f05\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u1fc7 vel sim<\/em>. If the clause records a partial payment, the total is recorded in the genitive and introduced by \u1f00\u03c0\u1f79. A confirmation of the receipt of an entire payment (even if only for a specific time frame) may be expressed through \u03b1\u1f31 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u1f79\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u03b1\u1f77. Cf., e.g., P.Harr. I 82.18-23 (345 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6 [\u1f41] \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f0c\u03bc|19<\/sup>\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba[\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0]\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 | 20<\/sup> \u1f38\u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u0398\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f78 | 21<\/sup> \u03b1\u1f30\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u1f77\u03ba\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd) \u1f10\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9[\u03bd] | 22<\/sup> \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b1\u1f50[\u03c4]\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f78\u03c2 | 23\u00a0<\/sup>\u0398\u1f7d\u03b8 (\u2018Moreover, said Ammon declares that he has received from Isidorus and Theon said rent in full for four years, since the same month, Thoth\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

Bibl.: Montevecchi (1950): 12; Pringsheim (1950): 378-380; Herrmann (1958): 184, 229-235; Herrmann (1982): 249-252; Geginat (1964): 60-63; Hennig (1967): 36-41; J\u00f6rdens (1990):<\/span> e.g., 159-160, 211.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

BGU<\/span> IV<\/strong> 1058.16-19 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd: \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u1fc6\u03b1]; 1106.16-20 (before 20.2.13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd: \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u1fc6\u03b1]; 1107.16-18 (before 27.3.13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd*: \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd: \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u1fd6\u03b1]; 1108.9-10 (before 5.10.5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd: \u03b5\u1f34\u03bb\u03b7\u03c6\u03b5\u03bd: \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u1fd6\u03b1]; 1109.13-15 (before 4.11.5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [\u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd: \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f71\u03c2]; VI<\/strong> 1269.9-10 (III\/IIA<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [lease; \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd];\u00a0CPR<\/span> I<\/strong> 246.8-18 (162, ArsN) [phoros];\u00a0P.Cair.Isid.<\/span><\/strong> 81.16-18 (297, ArsN) [\u1f00\u03c6\u02bc \u1f67\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd: \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd: \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5: \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u1f71\u03c2]; 98.18-20 (special) (291\/2, Kar) [\u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd: \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd]; P.Erasm.<\/strong> 12.15-18 (152A<\/sup><\/span>, Kaine); <\/span>P.Fouad<\/span> I<\/strong> 40.19-22 (35, Teb) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9: \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f75\u03bd: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1]; P.Gen.<\/span> I<\/strong> 66.14-16 (374, Phil) [\u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7\u03b9]; 67.10-11 (382\/3, Phil) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2]; 69.8-9 (386, Phil) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2]; P.Gron.<\/span><\/strong> 9.14-15 (392, UP) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd]; P.Harr.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 82.18-23 (345, Ox) [\u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd: enoikion]; P.Ifao<\/span> III<\/strong> 31.23-26 (73\/4, Teb)? [ed.: \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4]\u1f74\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c7\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u1f75\u03bd;]; P.K\u00f6ln<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 220.21-23? (208A<\/sup><\/span>\/191A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN) [\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c8\u03b1 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f71\u03c2 ? Cf. ed. princ., p. 161]; P.Kron.<\/span><\/strong> 19.23-24 (145\/6, Teb) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9: ekphoria]; 19a.15-16 (145, Teb) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f75\u03bd*]; P.Lond. III<\/span><\/strong> <\/span>1164h.12-13 (212, Antin) [\u1f00\u03c6\u02bc \u1f67\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u1fc6\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9: phoroi]; P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> IX<\/strong> 562.10-12 (119, Kar) [\u1f67\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd]; XII<\/strong> 632.18-20 (26, Teb) [\u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u1f67\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1]; P.Mil.Vogl.<\/span> IV<\/strong> 239.13-15 (156, Teb) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f74\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2]; P.Oslo<\/span> II<\/strong> 32.27-30 (1, Thead) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f75\u03bd]; P.Oxy.<\/span> I<\/strong> 102.13-16 (206, Ox) [\u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: cash]; XVII<\/strong> 2136.6-7 (291, PtolEu) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: phoros]; XLI<\/strong> 2973.14-17 (103, Ox) [\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd]; XLV<\/strong> 3250.12-14 (c. 63, Ox) [naulon: \u1f00\u03c6\u02bc \u1f67\u03bd \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f71\u03c2]; 5168.10-12 (18a?, Ox); P.Oxy.Hels.<\/strong><\/span> 42.2-5 <\/span>(279-282, OxN) ]<\/u><\/span>\u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9; ed.: [\u03c6\u03cc]\u03c1\u0323\u03bf\u03bd \u1f10\u0323\u03ba\u0323 \u03c0\u0323\u03bb\u0323\u03ae\u0323[\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2];];P.Phil.<\/span><\/strong> 12.24-27 (150\/1 or 173\/4, Phil) [\u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd]; P.Princ.<\/span> III<\/strong> 150.15-17 (III?, ArsN) [phoros?: \u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c3\u03b1]; 154.7-9 (546, Ox) [\u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6]; P.Rein.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 103.12-13, 25-30 (26, Ox) [\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f11\u03be\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2]; 104.15-17 (25\/6, Ox) [tropheia et al.: \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd]; P.Soter.<\/span><\/strong> 5.28-32 (94, Thead) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c0\u03b5\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f75\u03bd];\u00a0<\/span>P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> IX<\/strong> 812.15-20, ll. 19-20 (II, ArsN) [rent: \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd]; P.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 105.20-21 (103A<\/sup><\/span>, Kerkeosiris) [ekphoria: \u1f00\u03c6\u02bc \u1f67\u03bd \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1]; P.Turner<\/span><\/strong> 25.17-23 (161, Ox) [rent: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03ce\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd];\u00a0P.Wisc.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 52.17-20 (32, Kar) [ekphorion: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b7\u03c6\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1]; PSI<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 30.5-8 (82, HermN) [\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f11\u03be\u03b1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; 33.23-25 (150\/1 or 173\/4, Phil) [phoros: \u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c2]; III<\/strong> 203.6-7 (87, Ox); \u0399\u03a7<\/strong> 1036.10-12 (192, OxN) [\u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f71\u03c2]; 1071.13-16 (296, Ox) [phoros: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9]; X<\/strong> 1098.15-16 (51A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2]; 1134.23-24 (91, Teb) [\u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f74\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2]; SB<\/span> I<\/strong> 5252.23-26 (65, Nilopolis) [\u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u1f05\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5]; VIII<\/strong> 9830.27-28 (84-96, ArsN) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u1fb6\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f74\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2]; 9876.12-14 (534, Herak) [\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f14\u03b4\u03c9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2* \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2]; XII<\/strong> 10942.11-14 (4A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [\u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6 \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f74\u03bd \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd]; XIV<\/strong> 11552.19-24 (221, Ox);<\/span> XVI<\/strong> 13004.10-11 (314, Thmouis) [\u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2]; XX<\/strong> 14464.13-15 (II, Ox) [\u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2]; XXII<\/strong> 15613.25-27 (111, Teb) [ekphoria: \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd].<\/p>\r\n\r\n

\r\n

13. Syneteia<\/em><\/h2>\r\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\r\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Apart from routine rent, lease contracts frequently record commodities in kind that the lessee supplies on special occasions. The most common designations, in documents from the early Roman Arsinoite and Oxyrhynchite nomes, are thallos<\/em> and sponde<\/em> (cf., e.g., SB XVI 12539.13-15: 26 CE, Tebtynis). In the Roman period, however, these commodities are regularly recorded in the rent clause. Things change in this respect in the Byzantine period, in which the term syneteia<\/em> (\u2018customary gratuity<\/em>\u2019 (LSJ, p. 1715 s.v. III), \u2018Pachtabgabe neben Pachtzins vertraglich zahlbar<\/em>\u2019 (PWB, II, 540, s.v. 4)) is used to denote objects of consumption that are supplied on the occasion of a feast according to some documents, or on the occasion of a harvest in others. In most cases, the syneteia<\/em> clause immediately follows the clause providing for payment of the regular rent and precedes that stipulating the return of the object rented after the lease is over. The most common formulation, as in the case of P.Stras. V 486.11-17 (504\/5 CE, Hermopolites) is \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9<\/strong> \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bb[\u03cc]\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong> \u03c3\u0323\u03c4\u03b1\u0323\u03c7\u03cd\u0323\u03c9\u0323\u03bd \u03b4\u03ad\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 (l.<\/em> \u03b4\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1) \u03c4\u03c1[\u03af\u03b1 ] | 12\u00a0<\/sup>\u03ba[\u03b1\u1f76 - ca.30 -] \u0323\u03bf\u03c5\u0323 \u1f00\u03b3\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03c2 [\u03b4\u03cd]\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c8\u03ac[\u03bd\u03b7]\u03c2 \u1f04\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03be\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u0323 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 (l<\/em>. \u03b4\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1) \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf | 13\u00a0<\/sup>\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u0323[\u03be\u03c9 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 - ca.19 -] \u0323 \u0323 [\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76] \u03c8\u03c9\u03bc\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b6\u03b5[\u03cd]\u03b3\u0323\u03b7\u0323 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u0323 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03c5\u0323\u03c1\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f50\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf(\u03c5\u03c2) \u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03bf[\u03bd\u03c4]\u03b1\u0323 | 14<\/sup> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03ba\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9[\u03c2 \u03bb\u03af\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 - ca.10 -] \u0323[ \u0323 \u03ba]\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u0323[\u03b9]\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u1f7c\u03bd (l.<\/em> \u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd) \u03b2\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd (l.<\/em> \u1f15\u03bd) \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u0323\u03c5\u0323 (l<\/em>. \u1f10\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5) \u1fe5\u03b1\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 (l<\/em>. \u1fe5\u03b1\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5) \u03be\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd (l.<\/em> \u03be\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd) \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u1f15\u03bd\u03b1) | 15<\/sup> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f44[\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323]\u03b1 \u0323 \u0323[ \u0323]\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7 \u0323[ \u0323 \u0323] \u0323 \u1f04\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u1f10\u0323\u03ba [\u03c4]\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03af\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c3\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03af\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5 | 16\u00a0<\/sup>\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u0323 \u0323 \u0323\u03c4 \u0323[- ca.12 -] \u03be\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f40\u0323[\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac]\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03ac\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (l.<\/em> \u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd) \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd (l.<\/em> \u1f13\u03bd) \u1f04\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u0323[\u03af]\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2 (l.<\/em> \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c2) \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd (l.<\/em> \u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2) \u1f25\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c5 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad|17<\/sup>\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 (\u2018And I shall provide without delay on account of customary payment three bundles of corn-ears and [\u00a0 \u00a0 ] two sheaves and two vessels of charlock, and two bundles of wood, and I shall provide on account of [\u00a0 \u00a0 [<\/span> forty pairs of morsels and forty acceptable pieces of cheese and [\u00a0 \u00a0 ] litra of meat and one small plate filled with meat and one pint of radish oil and [\u00a0 \u00a0 ] of vinegar [\u00a0 \u00a0 ] vessels from the joint jar and on account of unguent from the remaining jar and [\u00a0 \u00a0 ] of instrument of woods and one sucking pig one, half wheat artabae worth\u2019). Alternatively, one also uses the term \u1f51\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1<\/a>. SB XXX 17339.18-25 (630 CE, Arsinoiton Polis): \u03c7o\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9 | 19<\/sup> [\u03b4\u1f72 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fd6\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u1f51\u03c0]\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03bc\u03b9\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u1f45\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd | 20<\/sup> [ - c. 12 \u2013<\/span> \u03bb\u03b1]\u03c7\u0323\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u0323\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f11\u03c0\u03c4\u0323\u1f70 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f13\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f51\u0323\u03b4<\/span>\u03b5\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 (l.<\/em>\u1f21\u03b4\u03c5\u1f79\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5) <\/span>| 21<\/sup> [\u03b4\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f13\u03bd <\/span>\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 . . .] . . . \u03b4\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f13\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03af\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03bc\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf {\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76} \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd | 22<\/sup> \u1f13\u03bd \u2013 c. 12 \u2013 ]\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03af\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd [\u1f13\u03bd]\u03b1\u0323<\/span> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ac\u03c0\u03b1\u03be \u1fe5\u03bf\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 | 23<\/sup> [\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd] \u03c0\u0323\u03b5\u03c1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd \u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03bc\u03b9\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u1f70 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 | 24<\/sup> [\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f04\u03c3\u03c4]\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u1f70 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f21\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5(\u03c3\u1f77\u03c9\u03c2) | 25<\/sup> [\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u1f11\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u1f74\u03bd] \u1f51\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u03ba\u03bd\u1f77\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd) <\/span>\u1f15\u03bd (\u2018and I shall provide you on account of hyperesia<\/em> seasonally for the entire year - - seven demata<\/em> of lachanon<\/em> and one dema<\/em> of coriander and one dema<\/em> of mint and on account of citron for two months one small basket [\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0] one citron and on the same occasion ninety pomegranates and in the season of the peaches again seasonally forty peaches and in the season of the stars two hundred peaches and four melons and daily on the occasion of the feasts one hyperesia<\/em>, and I shall receive one knidion of wine\u2019). In the village of Aphrodite, the category is left unlabeled. In at least seventeen cases, the contract records a lease of vineyard.<\/p>\r\n

Bibl.: Eitrem (1937): 41-45; Herrmann (1958): 118-122; Herrmann (1971): 135-142; Battaglia<\/span> (1989): 97-99; Rowlandson (1999): 144; Worp (2001): 59.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

BGU<\/span> I<\/strong> 308.12-13 (IV-VII, ArsN) [ed.: \u03b4(?)]\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd;]; III<\/strong> 840.7-8 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [\u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; XII<\/strong> 2175.5-10 (VI\/VII, Herm) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, \u1f10\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cd\u03b3\u03b7\u03c2]; 2186.10-11 (514?, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9]; XVII<\/strong> 2682.19-26 (481, Herm) [\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5]; 2685.24-27 (585, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9: \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; 2689.6-15 (VI, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u1f10\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cd\u03b3\u03b7\u03c2]; XIX<\/strong> 2808.18-23 (528, Herm); 2810.18-22? (559\/60, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9: \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; 2812.7-10 (VI, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd: annual, \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; 2814.14-16 (VI\/VII, Herm); 2816.11-13 (Vs<\/sup>, Herm); 2825.5-7 (VI, HermN)?; CPR<\/span> IX<\/strong> 26.14-20 (545\/6, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9: annual]; 30.10-12 (VII, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9: annual, \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; X<\/strong> 28.3-5 (VI, ArsPol) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u1f41\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5]; XIV<\/strong> 2.14-17 (VIl<\/sup>\/VIIe<\/sup>, ArsN) [\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u1f15\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f21\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; P.Berl.Zill.<\/span><\/strong> 7.23-25 (574, Ox) [\u03b3\u03b5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f51\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03b9]; P.Cair.Preis.<\/span><\/strong> 41.9-11 (IVf<\/sup>, Herm?) [\u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f21\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd ; \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03b3\u1fc6\u03c2]; P.Coll.Youtie<\/span> II<\/strong> 89.18-21 (485, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u1f10\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cd\u03b3\u03b7\u03c2]; P.Giss. I<\/span><\/strong> 56.21-22 (VI, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9, annually]; P.Grenf.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 57.17 (561, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; P.Harr.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 137.18-30 (II, Ox)?; P.Heid.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 352.12 (558, HermN) [ed.: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad]\u03be\u03c9 \u03b4\u1f72\u0323 \u03ba\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03c4\u0323\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5[\u03af]\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u0323\u1ff7 (l<\/em>. \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7) \u03c4\u03c1\u03c5\u03b3\u1ff6\u03bd\u0323;]; P.Herm.<\/span><\/strong> 26.14 (V, UP)?; P.Horak<\/span><\/strong> 8.12-14 (VI, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd: no term]; P.K\u00f6ln<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 104.b.1-4 (VI, Aphr) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9: annually: no term]; P.Laur.<\/span> I<\/strong> 7.9-11 (VI, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1fbd \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; II<\/strong> 29.6-9 (VI, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1fbd \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; P.Lond.<\/span> I<\/strong> 113.4.20-24 (595, ArsPol) [ed.: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3|\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f50\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f11\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03c1\u03af\u03c6\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u1f50\u03ac\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 | \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03ba[\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4]\u1f74[\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0]\u03b7\u0323\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2;]; II<\/strong> 163.32-33 (88, Kar?); III<\/strong> 1030.3-4 (c. 527, Herm) [\u1f10\u03bd\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f36\u03bao\u03bd]; 1036.8-10 (VI\/VII, HermN) [ed.: \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u0323\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3\u0323 [\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd]\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f11\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u1fc7 \u0398\u03cd\u0323\u03bd\u0323\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2;]; V<\/strong> 1694.21-24 (516\/7 or 531\/2, Aphr) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd: no term]; 1695.17-18, 23-25 (530\/1?, Aphr) [no term]; 1771.8-10 (VI, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1fbd \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; P.Mert.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 107.21-22 (II, ArsN) [thallos]; P.Michael.<\/span><\/strong> 19.20 (III, OxN)?; 43.11-12 (526, Aphr) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2: ed.: \u1f11\u03bf\u0323\u03c1\u03c4\u0323\u03b7;]; 46.21-22 (559, Aphr) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9: annual: no term]; 54.11-12 (VI, Aphr); P.Mil.Vogl.<\/span> III<\/strong> 145.12-14 (142, Teb) [ed.: \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b4\u03ad \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 | \u03c4\u03bf[\u1fd6]\u03c2 [\u03b3]\u03b5[\u03bd\u03b5\u03b8\u03bb\u03af]\u03bf[\u03b9\u03c2;] P.Oxf.<\/span><\/strong> 16.14-16 (VI\/VII, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03b9: annual: no term]; P.Oxy.<\/strong> IV<\/strong> 729.10 (138, Ox) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; LXX<\/strong> 4786.19-24 (551, Ox) [loan contract; \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; P.Paramone<\/span><\/strong> 18.22-26 (620, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2: term lost]; P.Prag.<\/span> II<\/strong> 160.1-3 (VIm<\/sup>, Herm); P.Ross.Georg.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 40.20-23 (588, Sesiy) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9]; V<\/strong> 42.18-20 (602, HermN) [ed.: \u1f51\u0323\u03c0\u0323\u1f72\u0323\u03c1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u02bc \u1f15\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7;]; P.Select.<\/span><\/strong> 16.13-17 (V\/VI, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9]; P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 186.10-11 (V\/VI, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd]; V<\/strong> 476.11-12 (VI, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1fbd \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; 477.17 (VIe<\/sup>, HermN)?; 482.15-17 (542, HermN) [ed.: [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3]\u1ff3 \u03c3\u0323[\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2;]; 483.21-22 (512, HermN); 486.11-17 (504\/5, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; 488.3-6 (VI, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9: annually]; 489.4-6 (VI, HermN); VI<\/strong> 597.11-14 (541, HermN) [ed.: \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5|\u03af\u03b1[\u03c2];]; VIII<\/strong> 754.17 (VIIe<\/sup>, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1fbd \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; 755.18-20 (VII, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; P.Vat.Aphrod.<\/span><\/strong> 1.35-37 (598 ?, Aphr); P.Vind.Sal.<\/span><\/strong> 8.24-26 (323, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03b4\u03ad \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cd\u03b3\u03b7\u03c2]; P.Vind.Tand.<\/span><\/strong> 28.18-21 (576\/7, Herm); P.Vindob. G<\/span><\/strong> 13458.5-6 (VI, Herm) [ed.: \u1f11\u0323\u03ba\u0323\u1f71\u0323\u03c3\u0323\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u1fe6;]; P.Worp<\/span><\/strong> 37.15-18 (620\/650\/665, Herak) [ed.: [- ca.25 - ] \u03b4\u0323\u03ad \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u02bc \u1f15\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u1f11\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u1fc7 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03a4\u1fe6\u03b2\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f79\u03c2;]; PSI<\/span><\/strong> VII<\/strong> 787.10-11 (176\/7?, ArsN) [ed.: \u03b4\u03ce\u0323[\u03c3\u03c9] \u03b4\u0323\u03ad\u0323\u03bb\u03c6\u03b1\u03ba\u0323\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b2\u0323;]; SB<\/span> <\/strong>IV<\/strong> 7369.16-19, 25-27 (512, Herm) [ed.: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u0323\u03be\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 [\u03c0\u03c1]\u1f78\u0323\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u0323\u03c2 \u1f10\u0323\u03ba\u0323\u03b2\u0323\u03b7\u03c3[\u03bf]\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f51\u0323\u03c0\u0323\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bd\u03b5\u03bf\u03c6\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5;]; VI<\/strong> 9085 inv. 16048, ll.18-21 (565, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; 9085 inv. 16050, ll. 19-22 (579, Herm) [ed.: \u03c0\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03ad\u0323\u03be\u0323\u03c9\u0323 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2;]; 9151.1-2 (c. 600, Herm) [\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f14\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2*]; 9294.18-21 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c7\u03c9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cd\u03b3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; 9587.34-40 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [ed.: \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3[\u03c9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9] \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8(\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2);]; 9589.12-16 (VIl<\/sup>, ArsPol) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8(\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2)]; XIV <\/strong>12050.13-18 (498 CE, Herm); 12132.14-15 (VI, Herm); XVIII<\/strong> 13585.1 (Vl<\/sup>\/VIe<\/sup>, Herm) [\u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f11\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u1fc7 \u0398\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2]; 13586<\/span>.12-14 (VI\/VII, Herm) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f11\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u1fc7 \u0398\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2]; 13885.17-21, 21-23 (547\/562, ArsPol) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03c2]; 13997.7-10 (VIIe<\/sup>, ArsN) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b4\u03ad \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cd\u03b3\u03b7\u03c2]; XXIV<\/strong> 15923.8-10 (VIl<\/sup>\/VIIe<\/sup>, HermN?) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; 16189.2-3 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; XXVI<\/strong> 16487.2 (VI, HermN); XXX <\/strong>17338.10-15 (621, ArsPol) [ed.: \u03c7o\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fd6\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u1f51\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03bc\u03b9\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u1f45\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u1f79\u03bd]; 17339.18-25<\/span> (630, ArsPol) [ed.: \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03a4\u1fe6\u03b2\u03b9 \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9 | 19<\/sup> [\u03b4\u1f72 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fd6\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u1f51\u03c0]\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03bc\u03b9\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u1f45\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f11\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd;]; 17339.27-28 (550, ArsPol); SPP<\/span> XX<\/strong> 218.28-33 (VIIe<\/sup>?, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2].<\/p>\r\n\r\n

\r\n

14. Hyperesia<\/em><\/h2>\r\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\r\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\r\n

The term \u1f51\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 is used in documentary texts to denote the services due by the employee\/lessee of a piece of land. It is also attested as a synonym to the syneteia<\/a>, denoting objects, mostly comestibles, that are to be rationed by the lessee to the lessor. It also appears for rations given by the lessor to the lessee, as is the case in P.Sakaon 71.24-25 (306 CE, Theadelphia), a contract recording the lease of sheep and goats, the lessor should give the lessee the \u2018customary aid\u2019: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u02bc \u1f51\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd | 25<\/sup> \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8[\u03b7] \u1f51\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5[\u03c3\u03af]\u03b1\u03bd. The same term is recorded in P.Oxy. XXXIV 2721 (234 CE, Oxyrhynchites), a work contract with entertainers, where the prospective employees should receive their remuneration \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f76\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4[\u03bf]\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd | 17<\/sup> \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u0323\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f11\u03bd\u1f78\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 | 18<\/sup> \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f51\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f45\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd | 19<\/sup> \u1f21\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f11\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 (\u2026..\u2018apart from what goes to the lamp, one segment of loaf (?), the usual service, and every day one keramion of wine\u2019). Just as in the case of syneteia<\/em>, then, the hypereseia<\/em> comprises an allowance in kind.<\/p>\r\n

Bibl.: Herrmann (1958): 121-122.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n

P.Oxy. <\/strong>XXXIV 2721.16-19 (234, OxN); P.Sakaon<\/strong> 71.23-24; P.Vind.Sijp.<\/strong> 10.11-13 (V\/VI, ArsN); SB VI<\/strong> 9588.7-11 (VII, ArsN); XVIII<\/strong> 13885.11-13 (547\/562, ArsN); XXVI<\/strong> 16830.18-25 (630, ArsPol);<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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15. Supply of Workers in a Lease Arrangement<\/h2>\r\n

Category: Provisions<\/p>\r\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\r\n

The present clause records provisions given to workers. SB XXX 17338.18-19 (621, ArsPol): \u1f14\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u1f74\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 | 19<\/sup> [\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8]\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c6\u03c5\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf[\u03bd\u03bf]\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03c9\u1fe6 (l<\/em>. \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6) \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd. Cf. also SB XXX 17339 17339.27-28 (630 CE, Arsinoiton Polis).<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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16. Farewell Gift from Master<\/h2>\r\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\r\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\r\n

The master owes his apprentice pieces of clothing and a work tool (ergaleion<\/em>) at the end of the apprenticeship. This gratuity is attested in the greatest detail in P.Oxy. XXXVIII 2875.28-34 (IIIe<\/sup> CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u0396\u03c9\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 (l<\/em>. \u0396\u03c9\u0390\u03bb\u1ff3) \u03c0\u03b1|29<\/sup>\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u1fc3 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c4\u1fc6 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5[\u03c1]|30<\/sup>\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u1ff3 \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u0323[\u03b5]\u03b9 \u1f41 \u1f08\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f31\u03bc\u0323\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9[\u03b1] \u1f04\u03be\u03b9\u03b1 | 31<\/sup> \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f11[\u03be]\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u02bc \u1f67\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u0323\u03c1\u0323[\u1f76] \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd | 32<\/sup> \u03b5\u1f30\u03c3\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03bd\u0323\u03ba\u03b5 [\u03c4]\u1ff6\u0323\u03bd \u1f34\u03c3\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f11\u03be\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd|33<\/sup>[\u03c4]\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb[\u03b5\u1fd6\u03b1] (l<\/em>. \u1f10\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb[\u03b5\u1fd6\u03b1]) \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f76\u03c2 | 34<\/sup> \u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u0323[\u1fe6\u03c3]\u03b1 \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f21 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u0396\u03c9\u0390\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1 | 35<\/sup> \u0391\u1f50\u03c1\u03ae\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1 [\u0396\u03bf\u03ca]\u03bb\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u1fe6\u03c2 \u03a0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b7\u0323\u03c4\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u1f79\u0323\u03c2\u0323 (\u2018Apollonios will give Zoilos, when he has finished the term of three years with the overseer and departs, clothes worth sixty drachmas, in return for those which he brings with him worth also sixty drachmas and also tools of the builder\u2019s craft without cost\u2019) (transl.: Bagnall (1968): 138<\/span>).<\/p>\r\n

Bibl.: Bagnall (1968): 135-139.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 346b.6 (16\/7, Teb) [\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: \u03c7\u03b9\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd]; P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> XXXVIII<\/strong> 2875.28-34 (IIIe<\/sup>, Ox) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9: \u1f10\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2]; P.Ross.Georg.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 18 no. 16.72 (140, ArsN).<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Section III. Modes of Delivery<\/h1>\r\n
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17. Delivery of Salary in Labour Contracts<\/h2>\r\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\r\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Six documents set forth the mode of payment of the salary. The evidence, however, is too sparse to determine common formulaic features. Cf., e.g., P.Oxy. L 3595.22-27 (243 CE, Senepta): \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u0323\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u1ff6\u03bd | 23<\/sup> \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u2039\u03bb\u03af\u203a\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f40\u03ba\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14|24<\/sup>\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u1fd6\u03c3\u03b4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c3\u03b9, \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u0398\u1f7c\u03b8 \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2\u0323 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c7\u1f7c\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03bc\u1fc6|25<\/sup>\u03bd\u03b1\u0323 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b9 \u1f18\u03c0\u03b5\u1f76\u03c6 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u1f51\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03bc\u1fc6|26<\/sup>\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u039c\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u1f74 \u03c4\u1f70\u0323\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u1f70\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 | 27<\/sup> \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (\u2018The total payment of four thousand eight hundred drachmas I shall receive annually in the following installments. From Thoth to Pachon four hundred drachmas a month, in Pauni and Epeiph for firing five hundred drachmas per month, and in Mesore the remaining two hundred drachmas\u2019.) (transl.: editio princeps<\/em>, p. 236).<\/p>\r\n

Bibl.: Hengstl (1972): 39; J\u00f6rdens (1990): 267.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

P.Cair.Masp.<\/span> I<\/strong> 67116.5-6 (548, Aphr); P.Flor.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 101.5-7, 10-15 (measurement) (78\/91, HermN); P.K\u00f6ln<\/span> I<\/strong> 52.1.26-29 (263, Antin); P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 724.7-12 (155, Ox); L<\/strong> 3595.22-27 (243 Senepta); LXIII<\/strong> 4388.14-15 (423, Ox) (?); PSI<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 465.21-24 (264-268, Ox).<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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18. Delivery in Lease<\/h2>\r\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\r\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Every lease contract records the existence of a rent and, ipso facto<\/em>, also stipulates the terms by which said rent should be paid. It is therefore not surprising that this clause is one of the best attested in legal documents from Ptolemaic, Roman, and Byzantine Egypt: 747 cases have been registered in Synallagma<\/em>. The clause shows much affinity with the clause in loan contracts that provides for repayment of the loan. This affinity relates in particular to the verb that elicits the structure of the clause: just as in the case of loans, the routine verb here is \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9. Sampling the future indicative and infinitive (which seems routine in the Roman and the Byzantine periods), the verb appears in 304 cases, to which one may add 27 more, in which the periphrastic counterpart \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 is recorded. \u1f08\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, of course, is not the only verb that denotes delivery. Our sources exhibit multiple other verbs that may, theoretically, stand in for \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, such as \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u1f71\u03c6\u03c9 for the delivery of cash and \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9 for delivery in kind. Before the Byzantine period, however, instead of substituting for \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, these verbs usually act supplementarily. This is particularly the case with \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u1f73\u03c1\u03c9 and, more commonly, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1f77\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9, \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9, and \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9, all of which, in the case of delivery in kind, introduce the terms of the physical transfer of the goods, while \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9 denotes the duty of payment in general. In the Byzantine period, scribes increasingly resort to new vocabulary, with the aorist form of \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f73\u03c7\u03c9 commonly denoting the act of delivery. Evidence follows.<\/p>\r\n

The interaction of these verbs with \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9 can be established in documents from the Ptolemaic through the Byzantine period. A case in point is BGU VI 1267.2-11 (266\/5 or 228\/7 BCE<\/span>, Oxyrhynchites): \u03c4\u1f70 \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u1f70] | 3<\/sup> \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc[\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03a0\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ce\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b5\u03ac\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2] | 4<\/sup> \u039d\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc[\u03c9\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f76 - ca.18 - \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b5\u1f30\u03ba\u03bf]|5<\/sup>\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u1fd6[\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u1f78\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f04\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd] | 6<\/sup> \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03b9 \u03b3\u1fc6\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4[\u03c1\u03c9\u03b9 \u03c7\u03cc\u03ca \u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u039d\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03b1\u03b9] | 7<\/sup> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4[\u1f70 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f70 \u039d\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5] | 8<\/sup> \u1f30\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03b9 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9, \u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9\u0323[\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03c7\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4]\u1f78\u0323 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1|9<\/sup>\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf [\u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4]\u1f70\u0323 \u039d\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf|10<\/sup>\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f30\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03b9 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4[\u03b9 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323] \u03ba\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03b9\u0323 \u03b5\u0323\u03bc[ -ca.?- \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u039d\u03b5]\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad|11<\/sup>\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 (\u2018And the rent agreed upon let Posidonios and Karneades pay to Neoptolemos in the month of - - of the twentieth year, in pure and unadulterated grain grown upon the land using the chois-measure of Neoptolemos applying just measurement. Let them deliver the rent to the house of Neoptolemos at their own expense. Let them give also one-fourth of the chaff, and let them deliver it to the house of Neoptolemos at their own expense\u2019). The key verb, \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, is invoked to report the payment of the rent; \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u1f73\u03c1\u03c9 for its shipment; and the verbum simplex, \u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, reports the delivery of a special category of commodity, in this case fodder.<\/p>\r\n

As in the cases of repayment of a loan and surrender of an object in a commodity sale, the imperative aorist yields to the future indicative and the infinitive in the Roman and Byzantine periods. This transition is evident in the second complex text, P.Stras. I 2.12-14 (217 CE, Hermopolis): \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3(\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd) \u03b4\u03cc\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9 \\\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u1f78\u03bd\/ \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f18\u03c0\u03b5\u1f76\u03c6 \u03bc\u03b7[\u03c3]\u1f76 \u1f10\u0323\u03ba\u0323\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 | 13<\/sup> \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c3\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bc\u1f72 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u1f78\u03bd \u1f00\u03c6\u03b5\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u0323\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u1f00\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd) \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4[\u03bf\u1fe6] \u03b1\u1f50\u0323[\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6] | 14<\/sup> \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b9[\u03bf\u03bd] \u1f15\u0323\u03bd, \u03b3\u0323(\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9) [\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1(\u03ac\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd)] \u03b1 (\u2018And I will pay the cash approved and measure out the wheat in the months of Pauni and Epeiph and the grain after the grain tax that is incumbent upon me the landlord has been deducted from the same rent, and I will also give as a contribution one keramion<\/em> of wine, that is 1 keramion<\/em>\u2019). Here, the verb \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9 seems restricted to payment in cash and \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9 to payment in kind, while \u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9 is again used to report a special category, this time a \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u1f71\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd of wine given under the title of misthotikon<\/em>.<\/p>\r\n

The main verbs here, as in the case of loans, entail the use of an indirect object for the lessor and a direct object for the commodity. In the latter case, a shift takes place in loans from explicit mention of the category, introduced by an article, in the Ptolemaic period, to an anaphoric relative pronoun in the Roman (see \u2018Repayment of the Loan<\/a>'). While some early Roman texts exhibit the same practice in leases, in general the change does not set in as early here. In the case of loans, the clause that anticipates its repayment immediately follows the clause describing the loan, a positioning that allows the use of a relative pronoun with the amount of loan forming the antecedent in the main clause, introduced into the subordinate clause through a relative pronoun. In the case of leases, on the other hand, documents frequently deal with the delivery of the rent at some distance from the clause at which it is originally mentioned. In BGU XI 2123.20-24 (85 CE, Arsinoites), for example, the delivery clause (ll. 20-24) is separated from the rent clause (ll. 12-17) by an account of the lessee\u2019s duties in the course of the contract, and in SB XII 10942.22-28 (4 BCE, Oxyrhynchites) the scribe inserts, after describing the rent, no less than four clauses before finally establishing the manner of its delivery. The use of the relative pronoun is syntactically impossible under these circumstances; instead, explicit reference to the loan category (ekphorion<\/em>, phoros<\/em>, enoikion<\/em> etc.), introduced by an article, is made. (See list of documents below.) This state of affairs will change only in the Byzantine period, with the partial demise of the clause recording the duties of the lessee (cf. discussion below, \u2018Duties in Lease (general)\u2019<\/a>). The change is manifested particularly in the Hermopolite nome: SB VIII 9907.20-21 (388 CE, Herm): \u1f45\u03bd\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u2039\u03c3\u03c9\u203a \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 | \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u02bc \u1f15\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 (\u2018which rent I will pay you annually without delay\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

Throughout all periods, the designation of the object is receptive to additional descriptive elements, adjectives or adnominally used prepositions. These may function anaphorically (e.g., \u03c4\u1f70 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1, \u03c4\u1f70 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1), define the time frame (\u03c4\u1f78 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1fbd \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd), or report the quality and substance of the object (e.g., \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c3\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1f78\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd). The object of the payment is qualified by another set of adjectives, used predicatively, to denote the quality of the commodity upon delivery. Best attested are the adjectives used to describe grain: \u1f04\u03b2\u03c9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 and \u1f04\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 (\u2018not mixed with clods of earth\u2019), \u1f04\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 (\u2018unadulterated, genuine\u2019), \u1f04\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 (\u2018not mixed with barley\u2019), \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u1f79\u03c2 (\u2018clean\u2019 sometimes with \u1f00\u03c0\u1f79 + gen.), \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u1f79\u03c2 (\u2018good, of fine quality\u2019), \u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 (\u2018cleaned\u2019), \u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 (\u2018sifted\u2019) [Note, in particular, the formulation \u1f04\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f61\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bdo\u03c2 (\u2018measured\u2019, with an account of the \u03bc\u1f73\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd in the dative), and \u03bd\u03ad\u03bf\u03c2 (\u2018new, fresh\u2019). \u1f0c\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u1f79\u03c2, and \u03bd\u03ad\u03bf\u03c2 are also used for oil, to which \u1f00\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 (\u2018acceptable, approved\u2019) and \u1f51\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b9\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 (\u2018strained or filtered\u2019) are added. In the case of wine, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 and the noun \u03b3\u03bb\u03b5\u1fe6\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2. Finally, in the case of cash payment, the commodity is qualified by \u1f00\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u1f79\u03c2, \u1f04\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b4\u03cc\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 (\u2018approved\u2019), and \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 (\u2018current\u2019). [Schnebel (1925): 180-182, 285; Mayerson (2005): 60<\/span>].<\/p>\r\n

In most cases, the document records payment in grain<\/strong>. Here, the clause frequently registers the act of measurement. Four formulations are attested: in the Ptolemaic period, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c3\u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03b1\u03b9 (\u2018with just measurement and rule\u2019, commonly in the abridged form \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03b1\u03b9; and in the Roman: \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, with the person who undertakes the act introduced by \u03b4\u03b9\u1f71 or \u1f51\u03c0\u1f79 (cf., e.g., P.Fam.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> 44.9: 189 CE, Kerkesoucha Orous). Alternatively, the participle form \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd may appear, with the unit of measure in the dative. (e.g., P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> XVIII 2188.8-9 (107 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u0323[\u03bd]\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u1ff3 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u1ff3 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff7 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03a3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03af\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u2018measured by the quarter measure used for payments to Sarapion.\u2019). The \u03bc\u1f73\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd-formulation may also be introduced independently of said structure. It seems to be a regular component of lease contracts of the Ptolemaic, Roman, and Byzantine periods, recorded in 331 documents. The list of measures recorded in the present clause currently contains 108 combinations used to designate measurement, varying by time and place. Their key elements are (a) the capacity of the \u03bc\u1f73\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd, e.g., -\u03c7\u03bf\u1f77\u03bd\u03b9\u03bao\u03c2; (b) the name of the unit or the brand, e.g., \u1f08\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u1fd6o\u03c2, \u03b4\u03c1\u1f79\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b4\u1f77\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2: see especially BGU III 920.21-22 (212 CE, Philadelphia): \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u1ff3 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u0323\u03c5\u0323|22<\/sup>\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u1ff3 \u03c4\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03b9[\u03cc]\u03b4\u1ff3; (c) the owner and person or institution in charge of the \u03bc\u1f73\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd, either as an adjective: \u03b3\u03b5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff7, \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u1ff3, or in the genitive (\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6); and (d) key uses of the \u03bc\u1f73\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd (\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff7, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff7). On the use of different systems in the same context see, e.g., SB X 10263.24-26 (204 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u03bc\u0323\u03ad\u0323[\u03c4\u03c1\u1ff3] | 25<\/sup> \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4[\u03c1]\u03b1\u03c7\u03bf[\u03b9]\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u1ff3 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u0398\u0323\u03b7\u0323\u03c3\u03b1\u03c5\u0323\u03c1[\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f22] | 26<\/sup> \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c0\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03c1\u03b1\u03bb\u0323\u03b7\u0323(\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff7) \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9[\u03bd] and Herrmann (1958): 103-104; Hennig (1967): 13-21<\/span>.<\/p>\r\n

Unlike loan contracts, which regulate a nonrecurrent payment, lease contracts, especially those dealing with long-term leases (longer than one year) frequently provide for repeated payment<\/strong> and arrange it by year: in one, two, three or four annual installments. The \u2018annuality principle\u2019 finds expression in the combinations \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1fbd \u1f14\u03c4o\u03c2, and \u1f15\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, which is always used in the genitive: P.Oxy. VIII 1128.20-21 (173 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6; P.Stras. VI 557.18 (291 CE, Hermopolis): \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u2026 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u1f76v \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2; P.Berl.Frisk. 5.11 (510 CE, Hermopolis): \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03b4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2; BGU XII 2202.16 (491 CE, Hermopolis): \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u03bb\u1fc6\u03be\u03b9\u03bd \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. The scribe may also specify shorter, monthly, intervals, as in the case of \u03b4\u03b9\u1fbd \u1f11\u03be\u03b1\u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5, sometimes adding \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b1\u1f31\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd \u1f10\u03be \u1f34\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 (SB XVI 13005.18-19: 144 CE, Arsinoites) or \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f25\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c5 (PSI VIII 963.21-23: 579 CE, Oxyrhynchos). The terms for an installment are \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u1f71, \u03b4\u1f79\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2, or \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u03b1; cf., e.g., SB XVI 13005.16-19 (144 CE, Arsinoites): \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc|17<\/sup>\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 | 18<\/sup> \u1f10\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u1f76 \u03b4\u03b9\u02bc \u1f11\u03be\u03b1\u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03bf(\u03c5) | 19<\/sup> \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b1\u1f31\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd \u1f10\u03be \u1f34\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 (\u2018and I shall perform the payment every year, in two installments, every sixth months in equal shares\u2019). As for the date, the scribe here, differently from loan contracts, rarely indicates the exact day of payment; the month suffices and different formulations are attested. In the case of Pauni<\/em>, for example, \u1f10\u03bd \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f76 \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b9 is most common, particularly prevalent in the Ptolemaic period (60); the same construction without article (\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f76 \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b9) follows suit (52), as does the reverse order with article (\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f77) (33), \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f77 (7) and \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f76 \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b9 (5) are relatively rare. \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f77 with no proposition is almost entirely unattested (1). Alternatively, rather than specifying the date, payment is set contingent upon certain routine events: the harvest, festivities, or the collection of taxes. Examples are \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03b4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2; \u1f05\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u1ff7 (e.g., P.Ryl. II 172.17: 208 CE, Arsinoites); \u1f10\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 (l<\/em>. \u1f00\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2) \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc(\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd) (e.g., P.Oxy. VIII 1126.14); \u1f45\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u1f41 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c3\u1fd6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c3\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u1fc6\u03c4\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ce\u03bc[\u03b7\u03c2] \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u1f78\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b4\u0323\u03b5\u0323\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 | 9<\/sup> \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 (e.g., BGU XIV 2383.8-9: 215\/4 BCE, Tholthis). Payment may also follow the lessor\u2019s request.<\/p>\r\n

The clause sometimes indicates the place of payment. In the case of grain, one commonly encounters the threshing floor: \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f05\u03bb\u03c9 (4, Ptolemaic); \u1f10\u03c6\u1fbd \u1f05\u03bb\u03c9 (73, Roman); \u1f10\u03c6\u1fbd \u1f05\u03bb\u03c9\u03c2 (1), \u1f10\u03c6\u1fbd \u1f05\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd (2), \u1f10\u03c6\u1fbd\u1f01\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd (16), \u1f10\u03c6\u1fbd \u1f01\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u1ff3 (1), \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f01\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u1fb3 (3), \u1f10\u03bd \u1f04\u03ba\u03c1\u1ff3 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f01\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, sometimes with the name of the village in the genitive. \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u1f76 (village name) \u1f05\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd is also evidenced (3). Granaries are commonly attested, especially if they are \u2018royal\u2019 or \u2018public\u2019: \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 (8) \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u1f79\u03bd (8), \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u1f78\u03bd \u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u1f79\u03bd (1), \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f51\u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u1f79\u03bd (2), \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u1f78\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f01\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (2); \u1f10\u03bd + village + \u1f10\u03bd \u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u1ff7 (2 cases: \u1f10\u03bd \u0398\u03b5\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd \u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u1ff7). Cash payments may be reported as made through a bank \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u1f19\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd; \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd, but only rarely (2 cases). Occasionally, facility in which the rent should be placed is not specified and is left to the lessor\u2019s future discretion; only the locality is set in advance. Well attested in the Ptolemaic period is the formulation \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 + locality + \u03bf\u1f57 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u1fc3 or \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c3\u1fc3 + \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u1f30\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd. E.g., SB XVI 13017.19-21 (24 BCE,<\/span> Soknopaiou Nesos): [\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd]\u03c4\u0323[\u03b5\u03c2] \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03b3\u03b4\u03c9\u03bb\u03af\u0323\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u1f30\u03b4\u03af\u0323\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2\u0323 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u0323\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03bf\u1f57 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd | 20<\/sup> [\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u1fc3 \u1f41] \u1f08\u0323\u03c7\u0323\u03b9\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u1f78\u03bd \u03ba\u03c4\u03bb. (\u2018Delivering to Dimadgolia at their own expenses wherever Achilleus orders, wheat etc.\u2019) (12 cases). An early Roman variant of the same clause is P.Amh. II 85.13-14 (78 CE, Hermopolis): \u03bf\u1f37\u03c2 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd | 14<\/sup> \u03c3\u1f7a \u1f41 \u1f10\u03be\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u1f74\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4[\u03b5\u03af]\u03bb\u1fc3\u03c2. A Second Ptolemaic variant, \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03b4\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2, appears in 10 cases including one with indication of the locality (\u1f10\u03bd + dat.). A Roman and Byzantine counterpart is the \u03bf\u1f36\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 formulation: \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 + locality + \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f36\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c3\u03ad \/ \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 (4, early Roman, Hermopolite); \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03bf\u1f36\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03bd + locality (9, Byzantine, Hermopolite). Finally, the town, village, or estate of delivery may be recorded without any further detail; see, in particular, the phrasings \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 - - \u03ba\u03ce\u03bc\u1fc3 (11), \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 (1), and \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9 (3, Byzantine).<\/p>\r\n

Occasionally, when the scribe reports in detail the lessee\u2019s duty to deliver the rent to a specified place, he also obligates the lessee to pay for the shipment.<\/strong> The \u2018expenses-formula\u2019 is primarily well attested in the Ptolemaic and the Byzantine period. The dative is used in both periods, the singular in the Ptolemaic and the plural in the Byzantine. The prevailing term is \u1f00\u03bd\u1f71\u03bb\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1. In both periods, the lessee has to pay for the shipment in person: \u1f30\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03b9 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9 (Ptol.) (9 attestations), \u1f30\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9 (Byz.). In the Byzantine documentation, the lessee is also explicitly required to provide the animals and the manpower: see, most extensively, \u1f30\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b6\u1ff4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9 (23 cases).<\/p>\r\n

Eleven documents, all Roman, anticipate the delivery of the rent at a public granary. The lessee, having received a receipt (\u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1) from the sitologoi<\/em> at the time of the first annual measurement, should hand it over (\u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9) to the lessor. (so, Hagedorn<\/span> (1997): 197-198). If this explanation is correct, the addition \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u1f78\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd (\u2018clear from all liabilities\u2019) would imply that the receipt should record only payments made on account of the rent, not for any other causes. P.Oxy. XXXVI 2795.21-25 (250 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u03bf\u1f57 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1|22<\/sup>\u03c1\u1f78\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9 | 23<\/sup> \u1f51\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u1ff6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 | 24<\/sup> \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad|25<\/sup>\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 (\u2026\u2018and he shall hand over a receipt, free from all other (liabilities?) at the time of the first annual measurement without delay\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

The \u2018\u1f00\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd formula\u2019 is commonly manifested in lease contracts to record the leasing of land. It occurs in 189 documents, primarily from the Ptolemaic and Roman periods, somewhat losing ground in the third century. The wording, however, usually appears not in the clause recording the delivery of the rent but in that stating its rate (the rent clause<\/a>). Its \u2018migration\u2019 to the delivery clause is recorded in all periods [e.g., Stud.Pal. XX 22.12-14 (216 CE, Herakleopolites): \u1f03\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\\\u03c9\/ \u1f51\u03bc[\u1fd6\u03bd] | 13<\/sup> \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f76 \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe7\u03bd\u03b9 [\u1f10]\u03c6\u02bc\u1f05\u03bb\u03c9\u03c2 (l<\/em>. \u1f05\u03bb\u03c9) \u03c0\u03c1[\u03ce\u03c4]\u1ff3 \u03ba\u03b1[\u03b9]\u03c1\u0323\u1ff7\u0323 | 14<\/sup> \u1f00\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2].<\/p>\r\n

Another typical element in loans is the no-excuse formulation. In leases, too, the tenant is required, from the third century CE onward, to deliver the rent \u2018without delay\u2019 (\u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2); other terms of similar effect: \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 and \u1f00\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7, are attested as well. Except for \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2, however, all seem very rarely attested and the array of terms denoting various forms of delay, sophistries, and legal measures to avoid payment is never integrated into the scheme of the lease contract as it does in the case of loans. The same is the case with the adverbs \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd and \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2; while already attested in the early Roman period, they are primarily inserted into the clause that regulates the duties of the lessee. Although gradually integrated into the scheme of the delivery clause in the third century, they are never indispensable.<\/p>\r\n

Bibl.: Waszy\u0144ski (1905): 104-115; Herrmann (1958): 98-111, Weber (1932): 102-135; Kastner (1962): 34-36, 210-211; Hennig (1967): 11-28; M\u00fcller (1985): 257-268.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

akind.:<\/strong> akindynon;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 av.:<\/strong> additional verb;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0fixd.:<\/strong> fixed date;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0install.:<\/strong> installment;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 loc.:<\/strong> location;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 metr.:<\/strong> metron;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 nd.:<\/strong> no delay etc.;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 nedf.:<\/strong> no excuse, delay, fraud;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0pl.<\/strong>: place;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0rc.:<\/strong> relative clause;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 surety:<\/strong> \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03ae\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u1f14\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd<\/p>\r\n

BGU I<\/strong> 253.15-19 (244-248 , PtolEu) [ind.fut., monthly]; 303.18-21 (586, ArsPol) [fixd., install.]; II<\/strong> 364.15-16 (553, ArsPol) [rc., \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u1ff6]; 393.11-12 (167, Dionysias) [rc., ind.fut., install.]; 538.18-19 (100, Nilopolis) [\u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd, fixd., loc.]; 603.22-24 (168, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 606.13-14 (306, PtolEu) [ind.fut., monthly]; 633.15-17 (221, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 644.25-27 (69, SokN) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., akind.]; 661.17-18 (140, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd.]; III<\/strong> 916.17-23 (69-79, Herakleides Meris) [rc., \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd, monthly and install.]; 918.18-21 (110\/1, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd., loc.]; 920.17-22 (212, Phil) [rc., \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9, annually, loc.]; 938.10 (385?, Herak) [rc., ind.fut.]; 940.17-22 (398, Herak) [fixd., anhyp.]; IV<\/strong> 1018.16-21 (III, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr.]; 1092.19-24 (372, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., av. \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, oc., loc.]; 1116.9-11 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., av: \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, monthly, anhyp.]; 1121.46-47 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [av: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd, loc.]; VI<\/strong> 1262.8-13 (216\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., ship., av: \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9, metr., loc.]; 1263.16-21 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor., qual., metr., ship.]; 1264.17-21 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 1266.17-26 (203A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [imp.aor., akind., fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 1267.2-17 (before 266\/5 or 228\/7A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [imp.aor., qual., metr., ship.: av.: \u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd, \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9, metr., loc.]; 1268.13-17 (IIIsA, UP) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., ship.; AV: \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9, metr.]; 1271.2-9 (180A-145A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil or Thead) [imp.aor., loc., fixd., ed: [\u03ba]\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1[ \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323];]; VII<\/strong> 1644.19-22 (294?, Phil) [ind.fut., loc., metr.]; X<\/strong> 1943.9-14 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., ship.: AV: \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd, metr.]; 1944.2-5 (214\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., ship.: AV: \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9, metr.]; 1946.8-13 (213\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., loc., ship.]; 1951.3-5 (221A<\/sup><\/span>-205A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [imp.aor., fixd., metr., ship.]; 1952.1 (221A<\/sup><\/span>-205A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [ship.]; 1953.1-3 (221A<\/sup><\/span>\/205A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [ship.]; 1955.1-2 (221A<\/sup><\/span>-205A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [ship.]; XI<\/strong> 2033.21-25 (before 94, Herakleia) [ind.fut., fixd., ship.]; 2034.12-14 (II\/III, PtolEu) [ind.fut., fixd., \u1f00\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2]; 2123.20-24 (85, ArsN) [ind.fut., qual.]; 2124.3-7 (138-161 or 169-176, ArsN) [ind.fut., loc., metr.]; 2125.8-14 (II\/III, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., av: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., qual., metr., loc., anhyp.]; XII<\/strong> 2133.13-14 (IIIl, Herm) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9?]; 2139.13-14 (432, Herm) [rc., ind.fut.]; 2148.12-16 (375, Herm) [rc., qual., ind.fut., av: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., metr., loc., anhyp.]; 2157.10-12 (485, Herm) [rc., qual., metr., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 2159.13-15 (485, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 2162.16-17 (491, Herm) [rc.]; 2172.15-17 (498?, Herm) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, qual., metr., anhyp., ship.]; 2182.12-13 (510, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 2186.8-10 (514 ?, Herm) [rc., qual., metr., ind.fut., av.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp.]; 2202.15-17 (c. 565, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 2204.22-24 (574, Herm) [rc., anhyp.]; XIII<\/strong> 2340.16-23 (IIIe, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., anhyp.]; 2341.8-10 (II, Kar) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., loc.]; XIV<\/strong> 2383.7-13 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor., oc., qual., metr., ship.]; 2384.5-8 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor., fixd., metr., ship.]; 2387.1-8 (IIIA<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [fixd., qual., ship.]; 2389.6-9 (scr.int) (72a HerakN); 2390.31-33 (160\/59A<\/sup><\/span>, HerakN) [imp.aor., qual., ship.]; XV 2485.9 (209, ArsN); XVII<\/strong> 2675.15-17 (481, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 2684.15-16 (555, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 2685.20-24 (585, Herm) [rc., qual., metr., ship.]; XIX<\/strong> 2801.11-17 l. 15 (Im, HermN) [rc.]; 2804.9-10 (488 ?, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 2807.17-20 (508 ?, Herm) [rc., qual., metr., ind.fut., av: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd.]; 2808.16-18 (528, Herm) [rc., qual., metr., ind.fut., av: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, anhyp., ship.]; 2810.14-18 (559\/60, Herm) [rc., ed.: \u1f41\u0323\u03bc\u0323\u03bf[\u03bb]\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, two installments, fixd., anhyp.]; 2812.4-7 (VI, Herm) [rc., metr., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp., ship.]; 2813.2 (V\/VI, Herm) [ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 2814.11-14 (VI\/VII, Herm) [rc., qual., ind.fut., metr., ship., anhyp.]; 2816.13-15 (Vs, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., qual., ship., anhyp.]; 2817.14 (500, Herm) [anhyp.]; 2819.12-13 (442?, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 2820.12-13 (Vs, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 2822.23-25 (526\/7?, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 2823.17-18 (568\/9?, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 2824.1 (VI\/VII, Herm) [anhyp.]; XX<\/strong> 2869.23-29 (57\/8, ArsN?) [\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1, fixd.]; CPR I<\/strong> 31.26-32 (153, ArsN) [ind.fut.]; 32.14-17 (218, SokN) [rc., periph., ind.fut.]; 36.12-18 (225 Peenamis) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 40.22-26 (300, Herak) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 44.4-6 (IV, HerakN\/ArsN) [epan.]; 47.8-9 (II\/III HerakN\/ArsN) [ed.: \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03af\u03bd[\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2;]; 240.19-20 (126, SokN) [fixd., akind.]; 246.19-23 (162, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., fixd.]; 247.14-15 (335, Herak) [prepay: rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd]; V<\/strong> 8.22-25 (320, HermN) [ind.fut., \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, anhyp., loc.]; 16.12-13 (486, HermN) [rc., metr., ind.fut.]; VII<\/strong> 31.24-44, ll. 35-36 (196\/7, Herm) [ed.: \u1f10\u0323\u03bc\u0323\u03ad\u0323\u03c4\u0323\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd;]; 43.22-23 (513, Herm) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., ship.]; VIII<\/strong> 9.14-15 (159, ArsN) [rc., periph., ind.fut., fixd.]; 46.8-11 (IV, HermN) [rc., anhyp., loc.]; 62.31-33 (575, Herakleopolis) [rc., ind.fut., fixd]; IX<\/strong> 2.1 (V\/VI, HermN) [oc., anhyp.]; 7.4-8 (VI, HermN) [rc., qual., metr., \u1f00\u03c0[\u03bf]\u03b4\u0323\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp., ship.]; 8.5-7 (VI, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 26.12-14 (545\/6, HermN) [rc., qual., loc., anhyp., ship.]; 28.3-4 (V\/VI, HermN) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, anhyp.]; 30.6-10 (VIIe, HermN) [rc., metr., ind.fut., ship.]; 33.20-21 (566, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; X<\/strong> 27.9-10 (533, ArsPol); XIV<\/strong> 12.20-21 (450 Herak) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; XVIIa<\/strong> 2.11-12 (313, Herm) [ind.fut., allel.]; 4.9-13 (314, Herm) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp., qual., metr.]; 11.12-13, 18? (320, Herm) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u0323\u03bc\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03b9\u0323, initc., loc.]; XVIII<\/strong> 2.33-36 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [ind.fut., fixd., oc., ship.]; 3.52-55 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [imp.aor., fixd., ship.]; 7.132-136 (231A\/207A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [imp.aor., fixd., \u03ba\u03ad\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03bc\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03bd\u0323 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; 15.315-318 (231A\/206A, Theog) [imp.aor., fixd., ship.]; 19.397-400 (231A\/206A, Theog) [imp.aor., fixd., ship.]; 32.2-5 (232\/1A, or 207\/6A, Theog) [imp.aor., fixd., ship.]; 33.13-16 (232\/1A or 207\/6A, Theog) [imp.aor., fixd., ship.]; XIX<\/strong> 46.8-10 (V\/VI Ophis) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; O.Bodl. I 257v (IIA, Thebes)?; O.Deiss.<\/strong> 59.7-8 (70, UP) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9]; P.Aberd.<\/strong> 57.20-22 (II, SokN) [rc., periph., ind.fut., fixd.]; 183.4-6 (III, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd., metr.]; P.Alex.Giss.<\/strong> 5.13-16 (215, ArsN) [ind.fut., three installments, koupha?]; P.Amh. II<\/strong> 85.12-14 (78, Herm) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., \u03bf\u1f37\u03c2 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03c3\u1f7a \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u1fc3\u03c2]; 86.11-13 (78, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., \u03bf\u1f37\u03c2 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03c3\u1f7a \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u1fc3\u03c2]; 90.16-17 (159, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd., loc.]; 91.19-21 (159 , PtolEu\/Euh) [ind.fut., fixd., qual., loc.]; 93.14-15 (181, SokN) ?; P.Amst. I<\/strong> 41.45-83 ll. 18-22 (10a , PtolEu) [\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9]; 42.6-16 (III\/IV, Mermertha) [rc., imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr., metresis, anhyp.]; P.Athen.<\/strong> 14.22-25 (22, Phil) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual. metr.]; 19.12-14 (153, ArsN) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7]; P.Bad. IV<\/strong> 91.2.27-28 (471, Herm?) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; VI<\/strong> 170.23-25 (54, Theadelphia) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, to the sitologos]; P.Bas. II<\/strong> 53.16-17 (VIm, Herm) [rc., fut. ind. av.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., ship.]; P.Batav.<\/strong> 16.12-14 (346\/7, OxN) [epan., ind.fut., fixd.]; P.Benaki<\/strong> 2.21-22 (IVs, Kaine) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Berl.Frisk<\/strong> 5.10-12 (510, Herm) [rc., qual., metr., [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9] \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., oc., anhyp.]; P.Berl.Leihg. I<\/strong> 19.27-32 (221\/2 or 225\/6, Kerkesephis) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., metresis]; 20.17-33 (149, OxN) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; P.Berl.M\u00f6ller<\/strong> 3.20-21 (540, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; P.Berl.Zill.<\/strong> 5.17 (417, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; P.Bodl. I<\/strong> 34.18-21 (158\/9, ArsN) [rc., \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u1f74\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9, anhyp.]; 60.15-17 (553, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Bour.<\/strong> 17.10-11 (220 Herakleia) [ind.fut., fixd., loc.]; P.Cair.Isid.<\/strong> 99.19-21 (297, Kar) [ind.fut., fixd., metr.]; 100.13-15 (297, Kar) [ind.fut., fixd., metr.]; 101.8-9 (300, ArsN) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., metr.]; P.Cair.Masp. I<\/strong> 67104.13-17 (530, Aphr) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9, \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c6\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2]; III<\/strong> 67302.15 (555, Antin) [rc., ind.fut., annually, anhyp.]; 67303.18-19 (553, Aphr) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u1f70\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9 \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f51\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03c2; kind.]; P.Cair.Preis.<\/strong> 41.18-20 (IVf, HermN) [qual., metr., ship.]; P.Cair.Zen. III<\/strong> 59340.6-7, 28-29 (247A, Phil) [imp.aor., twice a year]; P.Charite<\/strong> 3.12-15 (late 317, Herm) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd. (2 installments), qual.]; 7.14-18 (347, Herm) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp., qual., metr., loc.]; P.Col. III<\/strong> 54.12-16 (250A, ArsN) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd, loc., \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c3\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u1f78\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1, fixd.]; VIII<\/strong> 232.20 (III, Ox) [fixd.]; X 273r.14-16 (204, Ox) [fixd.]; 280.13-15 (269\/70 or 276\/7, Ox?) [imp.aor., qual., loc., metr., kenomata]; P.Coll.Youtie I<\/strong> 27.26-28 (165, Teb) [imp.aor., annually, fixd., loc., quant., metresis]; II<\/strong> 68.27-33 (266, Ox) [ind.fut., install.]; 70.22-23 (272\/3 or 278\/9, Ox) [ind.fut., fixd., loc.]; 80.20-23 (315, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Corn.<\/strong> 10.23-27 (119, Phil) [ind.fut.]; P.Daris<\/strong> 25.4-9 (IIl\/IIIe, UP) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9, annually, fixd., anhyp.]; 29.13-16 (IVm, OxN) [fixd.]; P.Diog.<\/strong> 26.1-2 (159, Phil) [annually, fixd., metr.]; 29.20-21 (225, Phil) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, loc.]; P.Erl.<\/strong> 72.2-4 (IV, OxN) [imp.aor., twice a year]; P.Fam.Tebt.<\/strong> 5.10-13 (98, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., fixd.]; 28.16-18 (133, ArsN) [fixd., qual.]; 44.7-9 (189 Kerkesoucha Orous) [ind.fut., loc., metr., metresis]; 45.3-8 (190 Kerkesoucha Orous) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr., metresis]; 47.16-21 (195, PtolEu) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr., qual., metresis]; P.Fay.<\/strong> 36.18-20 (111\/2, Thead) [rc., periph., monthly]; 93.15-17 (161, PtolEu) [rc., \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u1f74\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9, monthly]; 95.20-26 (II, Thead) [ind.fut., fixd., metr.]; 307. 7-9 (132 , Philoteris) [metr.]; P.Flor. I<\/strong> 13.15-16 (VI\/VII, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 16.30-32 (239, Euh) [ind.fut., twice a year]; 19.9-11 (248, PtolEu) [loc., metr., fixd.]; 37.5-7 (IV-VII, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., allel., fixd., kind.]; 41.13-21 (140, HermN) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, annually, fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 74.15-18 (181, Ibion Sesymbotheos) [nd: \u1f10\u03c0\u02bc \u1f10\u03ba\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f11\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2]; 85.10-14 (91, HermN) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 103.14-15 (330\/1 or 344\/5, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., annually, anhyp.]; 299.3-6 (VI, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., annually, anhyp.]; 353.3-4 (83-95, HermN) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u2039\u03b5\u203a\u03b9\u03c2, fixd.]; 354.9-10 (I\/II, HermN) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd]; 356.16-18 (I\/II, Selilais, HermN) [ship., \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9]; 361.8-11 (85\/6, HermN) [ind.fut., annually]; 369.17-18 (139\/49, Herm) [special: \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, annually]; 383.1.17-21 (234\/5, Antin); 384.43-50 (489, Herm) [rc., \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c4\u03b5, allel., fixd.] ; P.Fouad I<\/strong> 43.39-51 (189\/90 , Phob\u03bfou) [imp.aor., loc., qual., AV: \u03b5\u0323\u1f30\u0323\u03c3\u0323\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9, loc., metr., metresis]; P.Frankf.<\/strong> 1.15-27 (213A, Tholt) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 2.19-23 (215\/4A, Tholt) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; P.Freib. III<\/strong> 12a.7-8 (IIfA, UP) [qual.]; 23.14 (178A, Phil) [ship.]; 34.16-19 (173A, Phil) [imp.aor.]; 35.12-13 (177\/6A, Phil) [ship.]; P.Gascou 40.18-25 (556, HermN) [rc., qual., metr. , annally, fixd., anhyp.]; P.Gen. I<\/strong> 10.15-16 (316, Phebichis) [GA: \u03c4\u03bf]\u1fe6\u0323 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5, annually, \u1f00\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2]; 34.6-8 (156, Phil) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, annually, fixd., \u1f00\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u1ff6\u03c2]; 78.19-22 (II\/III, PtolEu) [ind.fut., fixd., metr.]; P.Genov. I<\/strong> 22.18-20 (345, Ox) [epan., imp.aor., twice a year]; 32.17-18 (155, Antin) [rc., periph., imp.aor., end of the contract]; V<\/strong> 190.8-12? (138-160, UP) [ind.fut., fixd., ship.]; P.Giss. I<\/strong> 49.20-25 (IIIm, Ox) [imp.aor., twice a year and monthly]; P.Grenf. I<\/strong> 57.13-14 (561, Herm) [rc., qual., metr., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., ship.?]; II<\/strong> 57.14-19 (168, Phil) [rc., periph., fixd., metr.]; P.Hamb. I<\/strong> 5.20-25 (89, Phil) [ind.fut., fixd.: two installment]; 23.29-35 (569, Antin); 64.19-21 (103, Euh) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr.]; 68.42-44 (549\/50 or 564\/5, Aphr) [periph., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u1f71, \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03c2]; IV<\/strong> 239.2-7, 7-9 (IIImA, Tholt?) [metr., ship., av: \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9]; 269.10-11 (IIIl, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr.]; P.Harr. I<\/strong> 80.31-35 (249, OxN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; 81.2-3, 6 (VI, UP) [rc., epan., ind.fut., oc.]; P.Haun. III<\/strong> 55.13-14 (325 Dinnis) [ind.fut., metr.]; P.Heid. V<\/strong> 353.10- (VI, AntaiN) [periph.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u1f71, within (\u1f15\u03c9\u03c2)]; 354.6-7 (VI, UP) [rc., ind.fut., annually, \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, ship.]; P.Herm.<\/strong> 22.15-18 (394, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., qual., metr., anhyp.]; 27.7-9 (V, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9, metr.? \u03b3\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u1ff3, anhyp.]; 34.26-31 (VII, Herm) [rc., qual., ind.fut., fixd., annually, anhyp., ship.]; 57.4-8 (IV, UP) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp., qual., metr., loc.]; 60.2-7 (449\/50, UP) [epan., no excuse]; P.Hib. I<\/strong> 90.9-13 (222a Tholt) [ind.fut., qual., metr., ship.]; II<\/strong> 263 passim (225A, UP) [imp.aor., fixd., qual.]; P.Horak<\/strong> 8.9-12 (VI, HermN) [rc., qual., metr., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03c9\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, metr., fixd., anhyp., ship.]; 9.1-6 (VI, HermN) [fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 10.21-25 (555, HermN) [rc., qual., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, metr., ship., anhyp.]; P.Iand. III<\/strong> 26.18-23 (98, ArsN) [ind.fut.\/imp.aor.?, install., within (\u1f15\u03c9\u03c2)]; 28.18-19 (104, Thead) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd]; P.Ifao I<\/strong> 1.17-21 (27, Teb) [imp.aor., annually, fixd., ship., metr.]; P.Jena<\/strong> 2.10-16 (477, Herm); P.Kell.<\/strong> I 32.12-14 (364, Kellis) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9]; P.K\u00f6ln II<\/strong> 104.b.6-7, 8-11 (VI, Aphr) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u1f70\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9, loc.]; III<\/strong> 145.11-14 (IA, OxN) [fixd.]; 149.24-37 (after 212, OxN) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 150.10-12 (226\/242, OxN) [imp.aor., annually, two installments]; VI<\/strong> 275.7-10 (104\/3A or 101\/0A, ArsN) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; XIV<\/strong> 589.2 (VI, Antin) [fixd.]; P.Kramer<\/strong> 15.11-12 (629?, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; P.Kron.<\/strong> 34.29-31 (135, Teb) [ind.fut., fixd., qual., annually, fixd., av.: \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9: annually]; 41.27, 30-32 (140, Teb) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., metr., annually, anhyp.]; 46.17-19 (153, Teb) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., \u1f00\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u1f77]; P.Laur. I<\/strong> 7.1-3 (VI, HermN) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., qual., metr., annually, anhyp., ship.]; III<\/strong> 72.16 (118-138 , PtolEu) [two installments]; IV<\/strong> 165.11-14 (305, Ox) [loc.., qual., metr.]; P.Lips. I<\/strong> 16.15-16 (138, Teb) [rc., ind.fut., annually]; 17.20-21 (377, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., annually]; 18.15-20 (308, Herm) [fut.ind: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, fixd., loc., metr., exp.]; 19.18-24 (320, Herm) [ind.fut., av: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, allel., qual., metr., loc.]; 20.13-17 (381, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp., qual., metr., loc.]; 21.18-21 (382, Herm) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., annually, anhyp., qual.]; P.Lond. II<\/strong> 216.24-26 (94, SokN) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 314.16-18 (149, SokN) [ind.fut., loc.]; 483.52-58 (615\/6, ApolHept) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u1f00\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c0\u1ff6\u03c2]; III<\/strong> 906.12-14 (128, Euh) [rc., periph.: \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u1f75, ind.fut., monthly]; 938.4-11 (225, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., av: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., qual., ship., metr.]; 954.15-18 (260, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., annually, anhyper., \u1f00\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2]; 979.14-18 (346, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., av: \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp., metr.]; 1006.16-18 (555, Nagogis) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; 1012.38-45 (633, Herm) [rc., qual., metr., ind.fut., ship., av: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9]; 1017.5-7 (VI, Herm) [rc., anhyp.]; 1023.26-27 (V, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 1030.2 (c. 527, Herm) [rc., ind.fut.*]; 1036.4-7 (VI\/VII, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., annually, anhyp.]; 1050.6-8 (VIl\/V, Herm) [\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u1f71\u03bd (ship.)]; 1164h.12-15 (212, Antin) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9]; 1223.12-15 (121, Herm) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., allel., loc., \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b4\u1fc6\u03c2]; 1225.10-18 (70\/1, HermN) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., qual.]; 1227.11-12 (152, Herm) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03c9, \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7]; V<\/strong> 1695.15-18 (530\/1?, Aphr) [ed.: \u1f10\u03bd \u1f04\u03bd\u03c9\u0323 \u03b4\u0323[\u03cc]\u03c3\u0323\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bb\u0323[\u1f76]\u03c8\u0323 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, metr., qual.]; 1696.a.17-22 (VI, Aphr) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, metr.,]; 1715.12-13 (VI, Antin) [rc., monthly., anhyp., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9]; 1765.12-14? (554, Herm) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd.,]; 1768.13-16 (VI, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 1770.12-17 (547\/562, HermN) [rc., qual., metr., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, ship.]; 1771.4-8 (VI, HermN) [rc., qual., ind.fut., av: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, metr., oc., ship.]; P.Louvre II<\/strong> 113.b.1-3 (159, ArsN) [fixd.]; P.Mert. I<\/strong> 10.18-19 (21, Phil) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual.]; 17.33-35 (158, Oasitou Epoikion) [imp.aor., fixd.]; II<\/strong> 68.26-27 (136 Kerkeosiris) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual.]; 76.16-18 (181, Ox) [imp.aor., monthly, anhyp.]; III<\/strong> 107.19-22 (II, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd., loc.]; 123.1-3 (151, ArsN) [ind.fut.\/imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metresis]; P.Mich. III<\/strong> 184.15-17 (121 Bac) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual.]; 185.19-22 (122, Bac) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual.]; 312.24-27 (34, Talei) [imp.aor., within., monthly, loc.]; 315.28-31 (39-41 or 43-45, ArsN) [annually, fixd., loc.]; IX<\/strong> 561.18-20 (102, Kar) [rc., ind.fut., oc. (\u1f05\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u1ff7), fixd.]; 564.14-15 (150, Kar) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9]; 565.15-16 (215\/6, Kar) [rc., anhyp.]; X<\/strong> 586.10-15 (c. 30, Teb) [\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u1f71\u03bd]; XI<\/strong> 610.32-36 (282, Ox) [epan., anhyp.]; 611.18-21 (412, Ox) [epan., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, metr., \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, anhyp.]; XII<\/strong> 630.15-17 (38, Teb) [rc., \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, fixd.]; 631.9-12 (185, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., two installments]; 633.22-24 (c. 30, Teb) [imp.aor., fixd., ship]; 634.17-21 (25\/6, Teb) [rc., imp.aor., fixd., qual.]; XIII<\/strong> 666.26-28 (615\/631\/646, Aphr) [\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, loc., oc.]; XIV<\/strong> 678.6-8 (98, UP) [rc., ind.fut., two installments]; XVIII<\/strong> 788.27 (173, Ox) [imp.aor. (restored)]; 791.16-17 (212\/3, Phil) [ind.fut., loc.]; P.Michael.<\/strong> 13.9-13, 14-15, 16-17, 19 (159\/160, HermN) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9]; 22.20-23 (291, Teb) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, metr.]; 34.7 (VI, UP) [kind., ind.fut., allel.]; 43.14-15 (526, Aphr) [inf.aor., oc.]; P.Mil. I<\/strong> 55.14-16 (307, Ox) [epan., imp.aor., annually, twice a year]; P.Mil.Vogl. II<\/strong> 53.14-15 (152\/3, Teb) [periph., ind.fut., twice a year]; 63.28-33 (170, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual., metresis]; 67.5-7 (165, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual., metresis]; 104.24-25 (127, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual.]; 106.25-27 (before 134, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual., metresis]; 107.9-11 (153\/4, Teb) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual, akind.]; III<\/strong> 130.32-34 (165, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual., metresis]; 131.1-5 (165, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual. metr., metresis]; 132.29-32 (165, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual., metresis]; 133.33-37 (165, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual., metresis]; 137.31-34 (165\/6, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., metr.]; 138.23-25 (169, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., qual., metresis]; 139.23-28 (169, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual., metresis]; 140.28-33 (176, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual., metresis]; 144.15-18 (166, Teb) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; 145.17-18 (142, Teb) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9*, annually, two installments]; 187.7-9 (II, Teb) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, annually, fixd., loc.]; IV<\/strong> 220.22-24 (132\/3, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc.]; 238.25-27 (143\/4, Teb) [ind.fut., fixd., qual., metresis]; 240.19-21 (118-138, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd.]; 241.10-12 (II, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual.]; VI<\/strong> 267.19-20 (125\/6, Teb) [rc., ind.fut., loc., \u1f00\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u1f77, anhyp.]; 269.22-24 (124, Teb) [ind.fut., fixd., metr.]; 270.3-6 (129, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual.]; 271.6-8 (141, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual.]; 273.14-15 (168, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual.]; 286.28-31 (139, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc.]; 289.16-19 (II, Teb) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; 290.26-29 (II, Teb) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual., metresis]; 291.18-21 (II, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual., metresis]; 292.19-21 (II, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual., metresis]; P.Monts.Roca IV<\/strong> 77.12-14, 36-41 (148A<\/sup><\/span>, Hephaistias) [imp.aor.: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9, fixd., loc.]; P.M\u00fcnch. III<\/strong> 89.18-22 (339, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp., metr.]; 91.17-18 (V, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9, fixd., anhyp.]; 92.4-7 (V, HermN) [ed.: [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3]\u03c9, fixd., loc., ship.]; P.Oslo III<\/strong> 138.11-13 (323, ArsN) [imp.aor., annually, twice a year]; P.Oxf.<\/strong> 12.15-17 (153\/4, Arsinoites) [ind.fut.]; 13.28-33 (154\/5 Argeias or SokN) [ind.fut., 1: fixd., 2: oc.]; 16.11-14 (VI\/VII, HermN) [rc., qual., metr., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp., ship.]; P.Oxy. I<\/strong> 101.34-42 (142, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; 102.18-20 (306, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 103.16-19 (316, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., anhyp., \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7]; II<\/strong> 278.12-16 (17, Ox) [imp.praes., monthly, no delay]; III<\/strong> 483.12-17 (108, Ox) [rc., \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, fixd.]; 499.24-33 (121, Senepta\/Ox) [imp.aor., fixd.]; 501.34-46 (186, Ox) [praes.imp (restored), ship., \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1]; 502.25-31 (164, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd.]; IV<\/strong> 729.19 (138, Ox) [imp.aor., loc., qual., keramos]; 730.22-24 (130, Senepta\/Ox) [imp.aor., fixd.]; VI<\/strong> 910.29-36 (197, Pakerke or Ox) [imp.aor., annually, fixd., loc., qual., metr., metresis]; 912.19-22 (235, Ox) [imp.aor., two installments, anhyp.]; 913.18-19 (443, Ox) [epan., allel., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, anhyp.]; VII<\/strong> 1036.23-25 (272, Ox) [imp.aor., annually, two installments a year]; 1037.15-16 (444, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 1038.29-30 (568, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., twice a year]; VIII<\/strong> 1124.7-12 (26, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; 1125.6-7, 15-22 (II, Ox) [imp.praes.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c9, annually, \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u1f79\u03bd, exp., \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9]; 1126.13-16 (V, Ox) [ind.fut., oc., anhyp., no excuse]; 1127.17-21 (183, Ox) [imp.aor., two installments a year]; 1128.16-21 (173, Ox) [rc., imp.aor., fixd., no delay]; 1129.12-13 (449, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., two installments a year]; IX<\/strong>\u00a01207.12-15 (175\/6?, Ox) [imp.aor., two installments]; X<\/strong> 1280.12-13 (IVl, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., annually, anhyp.]; XIV<\/strong> 1632.20-22 (353, Ox) [ind.fut., three installments, within]; 1689.28-36 (266, Ox) [imp.aor., qual., loc.]; 1691.17-18 (291\/2, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd.]; 1695.26-27 (360, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., twice a year]; XVI<\/strong> 1889.20-22 (496, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., twice a year, anhyp.]; 1957.14-15 (430, Ox) [rc., epan., twice a year]; 1959.14-15 (499, Ox) [rc., twice a year]; 1961.18-19 (487, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., twice a year]; 1965.21-22 (553, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., twice a year]; 1966.18-21 (505, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., twice a year]; 1968.6-8 (VI, Ox) [rc., akind., epan., ind.fut., \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 (?), anhyp.]; XVII<\/strong> 2109.41-43 (261, Ox) [ind.fut., monthly, anhyp.]; 2137.32-34 (226, Episemou Epoikion) [ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; XVIII<\/strong> 2188.1-13 (107, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., quan., metr.]; XXII<\/strong> 2351.42-50 (112, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; XXXI<\/strong> 2585.16-18 (315, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., fixd. (two installments), anhyp.]; XXXIII<\/strong> 2676.26-38 (151, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr., metresis]; XXXVI<\/strong> 2795.18-25 (250, Ox) [imp.praes.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c9; imp.aor.: \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1, anhyp.]; XXXVIII<\/strong> 2874.24-30 (108, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; XLI<\/strong> 2974.23-30 (162, Ox) [rc., imp.aor., annually, two installments, anhyp.]; XLIV<\/strong> 3200.13-21 (II\/III, Ox) [rc., imp.aor., two installments, anhyp.]; 3203.20-21 (400, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., twice a year, anhyp.]; XLV<\/strong> 3250.14-15 (c. 63, Ox) [epan., anhyp.]; 3257.13-15 (318, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., two installments a year, anhyp.]; 3260.20-22 (323, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, anhyp.]; XLVI<\/strong> 3270.18-19 (309, Ox) [ind.fut., ed.: \u03bc\u03b5[\u03c4]\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd [\u1f04\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd]; XLVII<\/strong> 3352.1-2 (68, OxN); [metr.]; 3354.39-45 (c. 257 Nomou Epoikion\/Senepta) [ind.fut., loc., qual., metr., fixd., anhyp.]; XLVIII<\/strong> 3386.20-21 (338, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2, annually, \u1f00\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2]; XLIX<\/strong> 3484.7-16 (27-33, Ox) [imp.aor., loc.]; 3488.39-53 (70\/71, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual.]; 3489.28-33 (72\/73, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; L<\/strong> 3582.9-10 (442, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; 3589.18-22 (II, OxN) [imp.aor., fixd., qual.]; 3591.30-40 (219, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., epan.; imp.praes.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c9, \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1, metresis, anhyp.]; 3592.24-29 (218-261 ?, Ox) [rc., imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual.]; 3595.31-38 (243, Senepta) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, qual.]; 3597.30-34 (260, Ox) [ind.fut., fixd., qual.]; 3600.18-19 (502, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., twice a year]; LV<\/strong> 3800.26-34 (219, Ox) [imp.praes.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c9, \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1, metresis, fixd.]; 3802.18-20 (296, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 3803.14-16 (411, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, anhyp.]; LVII<\/strong> 3911.27-34 (199, Pimpasi) [ind.fut., \u03b8\u1f73\u03bc\u03b1, qual., fixd., akind.]; LVIII<\/strong> 3955.20-22 (611, Ox) [rc., akind., epan., ind.fut., \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, anhyp.]; LXI<\/strong> 4121.16-22 (289\/90, Ox) [ind.fut., fixd. (three monthly installments), anhyp.]; LXVII<\/strong> 4594.15-22 (228, Senao\/Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; 4595.29-35 (261, Ox) [epan., imp.praes., metresis, \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9]; LXVIII<\/strong> 4693.15-16 (466 ?, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., two installments a year]; 4694.13-14 (466, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., two installments a year]; LXIX<\/strong> 4739.17-23 (127, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metresis, metr.]; 4745.29-41 (202, Ox) [imp.aor., annually, fixd., loc., metr., metresis]; 4747.15-20 (296, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; 4753.20-25 (341, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., \u1f10\u03ba \u03bd\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, qual., metr., fixd., anhyp.]; LXXI<\/strong> 4827.27-35 (173\/4, Ox) [imp.praes.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c9, exp., imp.aor.: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9, \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9, anhyp.]; LXXXII<\/strong> 5320.10-14 (227\/8, Ox) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1, annually, installments]; 5325.14-17 (437, Ox) [epan., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, metr., \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, anhyp.]; LXXXIII<\/strong> 5370.2-3 (VI, Ox) [epan., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, annually, \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, anhyp.]; P.Oxy.Hels.<\/strong> 41.34-42 (223\/4, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr., metresis]; P.Palau Rib.<\/strong> 7.23-32 (137\/8 or 158\/9 or 181\/2, OxN) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; 25.7-8 (VI\/VII, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; P.Phil.<\/strong> 12.27-29 (150\/1 or 173\/4, Phil) [ind.fut., oc.]; 15.15-18 (153\/4, Phil) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd]; P.Prag. I<\/strong> 36.7-10 (88, Poteu) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., metr., qual., ship.]; II<\/strong> 158.8-11 ( V\/VI, Herm) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; P.Princ. II<\/strong> 39.8-11 (III, UP) [ind.fut., fixd. (two installments), anhyp.]; III<\/strong> 151.12-13 (after 341, Ibion) [ind.fut., annually]; P.Rain.Cent.<\/strong> 82.22-25 (304\/5, HerakN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., metr., anhyp.]; P.Rein. I<\/strong> 43.13-16 (102, Ibion Tatkelmeos, HermN) [ind.fut.\/imp.aor., fixd.]; II<\/strong> 100.8-9 (212 AphrN) [qual., metr.]; 108.10-11 (VI, Ox) [rc., fixd., daily]; P.Ross.Georg. II<\/strong> 19.36-39 (141, Ox) [imp.aor., annually, fixd.]; III 32.11-12 (504, ArsPol) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9, annually, fixd., loc.]; 33.18-21 (522, Aphr) [periph., ind.fut., no excuse]; 40.16-19 (588, Sesiy) [qual., fixd., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9]; V<\/strong> 42.14-15 (602, HermN) [rc., qual., anhyp.]; P.Ryl.<\/strong> II 95.2-6 (71\/2, Ox?) [ed.: [\u03c4\u1f74]\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u1f74\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c3\u03cc\u0323[\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1];]; 97.6-10 (139, UP) [ind.fut., fixd. (\u1f15\u03c9\u03c2)]; 99.10-12 (III, HermN) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03c9 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u1f19\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd]; 100.11-12 (238 MagdMir) [ind.fut. two installments]; 166.20-23 (26, Euh) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual., metresis]; 167.23-26 (39, Euh) [ind.fut., fixd., \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b1\u1f31\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd \u1f14\u03bc\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1]; 168.11-16 (120, HermN) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; 169.11-14, 15-17 (197, HermN) [ind.fut., allel., fixd. (two installments), qual.]; 172.15-18 (208, ArsN) [ind.fut., oc., anhyp.]; IV<\/strong> 583v.50-52 (170A, Phil); 600.11-14 (8A, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., allel., no excuse]; 601.11-15 (26A, PtolEu) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., akind.]; P.Sakaon<\/strong> 70.12-13 (338, Boubastos) [\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9, loc.]; 71.18-20 (306, Theadelphia) [\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03c9, \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u1f73\u03c1\u03c9, \u1f45\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u02bc \u1f02\u03bd \u03b2\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5]; P.Sarap.<\/strong> 22a.12-17 (102\/3, HermN) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, fixd., qual., ship.]; 23.5-9 (121, HermN) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, fixd., metr., qual.]; 24.9-11 (123, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 25.8-10 (124, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., loc.]; 26.12-14 (125, MagdMir) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp., av: \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd]; 27.18-25 (125, HermN) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u1f73\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, \u1f10\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, metresis, metr., fixd.,]; 28bis.3-6 (122, MagdMir) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd (rest.), qual., metr., loc.]; 28ter.11-16 (132, MagdMir) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, allel., fixd.: two installments, qual., metr., metresis, \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd]; 44.14-16 (123, Akoris) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9, fixd. (two installments), qual.]; 45.13-19 (127, Sinkere) [annually, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, metresis, fixd., qual., metr.]; 46.21-29 (128, Mnachis) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, metr., fixd.]; 47.8-13, 15 (sharecropping) (128, HermN) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, metr., loc.] ; 48b.11-21 (123, Herm) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, fixd., metresis, ship., metr.]; 49.10 (123, Sinkere) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, loc.]; P.Scholl<\/strong> 8.18-20 (515, Herm) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp.]; P.Select.<\/strong> 17.21-22 (IIIe, HerakN); P.Sijp.<\/strong> 21a.21-24 (186, Euergetis, KynopN) [rc., ind.fut., annually, \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1f78\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd]; P.Soter.<\/strong> 1.25-27 (69, Thead) [ind.fut., metr., loc.]; 3.25-30 (89\/90, Thead) [ind.fut., fixd., metr., loc.]; 4.33-42 (87, Thead) [ind.fut., fixd., two installments]; 26.14-16 (83-96) [rc., ind.fut., annually, fixd.]; P.Stras. I<\/strong> 2.10-14 (217, Herm) [qual., metr., loc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, \u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c3\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd]; 4.17-19 (551, Herm) [ind.fut., anhyp.]; 10.16-20 (268, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp., qual., metr., loc.,]; 30.14-17 (276, Thead) [periph., annually, fixd.]; II 92.12-15 (244\/3A, OxN) [imp.aor.]; III<\/strong> 137.13-15 (325, Nagogis) [rc., ind.fut., \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9]; IV 236.18 (144, UP) 18 [ed.: [\u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4]\u1f74\u03bd \u03b4\u03b7[\u03bc]\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1[\u03c0\u03ad\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd];]; 247.16-17 (550\/1\/2, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 258.12-15 (II, ArsN) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, fixd., metr.]; 267.22-26 (126-128, SokN) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., av: \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd]; 282.4-8 (161-169, ArsN) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., qual., metr.]; 291.8 (124, HermN) [ind.fut.]; V<\/strong> 338.17-19 (550, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 358.4 (IV, UP); 398.16-19 (553, Herm) [qual., metr., anhyp.]; 465.18-21 (230, Polydeukia) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; 470.9-10 (early 497, Herm) [rc., qual.]; 471.15-16 (500, Herm) [rc., ind.fut.]; 472.19-24 (533\/4, Herm) [rc., qual., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, fixd., annually, anhyp., ship.]; 475.10-15 (507\/8 or 522\/3, Herm) [rc., qual., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, metr., fixd., oc., anhyp., ship.] 476.9-11 (VIe, Herm) [qual., metr., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, fixd., annually, anhyp., ship.]; 477.11-13 (VIf, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; 482.14 (542, HermN) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., annually]; 483.18-20 (512, HermN) [rc., qual., metr., ed.: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5]\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9; fixd., oc., anhyp.]; 486.7-8 (504\/5, HermN) [rc., fixd., annually, \u1f00[\u03c0\u1f78 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd;]; 488.1-3 (VI, HermN) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, anhyp., qual., ship.]; VI<\/strong> 507.3-6 (138, HermN) [ind.fut., allel., fixd.]; 534.12-14 (before 161, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc.]; 535.15 (II, ArsN) [metr.]; 540.2-3 (VI, UP) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 557.17-21 (291, Herm) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp., qual., loc.]; 569.16-18 (162, UP) [periph., ind.fut., allel., fixd., anhyp.]; 571.21-25 (175, Phil) [ind.fut., two installments]; 598.18-21 (526 or 541, HermN) [rc., qual., ind.fut., ed.: [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc]\u03b5\u03bd, metr., oc., fixd., ship.]; VII<\/strong> 655.16-17 (Vs, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; VIII<\/strong> 704.13-21 (82\/3, Hephaistias) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 705.4-6 (Is, UP) ?; 706.28-30 (122\/3, PtolEu) [periph., ind.fut.]; 752.12-13 (VIIe, HermN); 753.14-17 (VIIe, HermN) [rc., qual., metr., ind.fut., ship.]; 754.14-17 (VIIe, HermN) [rc., qual., metr., ind.fut., ship.]; 755.16-18 (VIIe, HermN) [rc., qual., metr., ind.fut., ship.]; 756.12-15 (VIIe, HermN) [rc., qual., metr., ind.fut., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd.]; 757.15-17 (VIIe, HermN) [annually, metr., ship.]; 758.16-18 (VIIe, HermN) [rc., qual., metr., ind.fut., ship.]; P.Tebt. I<\/strong> 105.39-42 (103A, Kerkeosiris) [annually, imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., loc., ship.]; 106.26-33 (101A, PtolEu) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., ship.]; II<\/strong> 375.23-25 (140, PtolEu) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, loc., metr., qual.]; 376.29-31 (162, Teb) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, annually, metr.]; 377.23-27 (210, Teb) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr., metresis]; 378.24-25 (265, Teb) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr.]; III.1<\/strong> 815 2r.2.1-8 l. 6 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u1fc6\u0323\u03b9\u0323]; 815 2r.3.52-60 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb); 815 2r.3.63-72, ll. 68-69 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9]; 815 3v.1.36-41, 40 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb); 815 4r.1.46-55, 50-51 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb); 815 5r.10-27, ll. 21-22 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd; \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd; \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u02bc \u1f65\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u02bc \u1f23\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9; loc.]; 815 6r.2.13-30, ll. 28-39 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb); 815.7r.1-7, ll. 3-4 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb); 815 7r.34-40, ll. 37-38 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9]; 819.7-9 (sin.), 31-32 (scr.ext.) (171A<\/sup><\/span>, Oxyrhyncha) [imp.aor., fixd. (two installments)]; P.Turner<\/strong> 37.15-17 (270, PtolEu) [ind.fut., monthly, \u1f00\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2\u0323]; P.Vat.Aphrod.<\/strong> 1.32-35, 39-41 (598 ?, Aphr) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u1f70\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, \u1f00\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9, loc., \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; P.Vind.Bosw.<\/strong> 10r.1-5 (IV, HermN) [ind.fut., qual., fixd., metr., loc., \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7]; P.Vind.Sal.<\/strong> 8.22-24 (323, HermN) [ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Vind.Sijp.<\/strong> 8.16-22 (127, HermN) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u1f10\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, fixd., metr., metresis]; 9.14-17 (V, Marmarike) [rc., metr., fixd., loc.(?), metr., anhyp., no excuse]; .P.Vindob. G<\/strong> 13263 + 13376 + 14694.13-19 (498, Herm) [rc.. ind.fut., three installments]; 13349.3-4 (VI, Herm); 13458.2-3 (VI, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.];\u00a0 <\/span>P.Wisc. I<\/strong> 5.17-20 (185, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., monthly, anhyp.]; 7.29-36 (259\/60, Ox) [imp.aor., annually, fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; II<\/strong> 52.20-23 (32, Kar) [imp.aor., annually, fixd.]; P.Worp.<\/strong> 20.17-18? (155, Antin); 37.13-14 (620\/650\/665, Herak) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, fixd., loc.]; P.W\u00fcrz.<\/strong> 11.15-18 (99, ArsN) [rc., periph., ind.fut., two installments]; P.Yadin<\/strong> 21.15-18 (130 Maoza) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd, metr., loc.]; 22.14-17 (130 Maoza) [ic., loc., oc.]; P.Yale<\/strong> I 51.10-17, 21-26 (184A, KerkArs) [imp.praes., qual., metr., ship., imp.aor.]; 70.8-12 (229\/30 ?, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd. (day), anhyp.]; 71.12-13 (456, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., twice a year]; 72.5 (V, Ox) [ind.fut., allel., twice a year]; PSI I<\/strong> 30.9-11 (82, HermN) [fixd., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, metr.]; 31.19-21 (163\/4, ArsN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, loc., qual.]; 33.25-27 (150\/1 or 173\/174, Phil) [ind.fut., oc.]; 34.14-17 (397, Herm) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, metr., loc.]; 75.17 (VI?, Ox) [rc., ind.fut.]; 77.30-33 (551, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, loc., fixd., anhyp.]; III<\/strong> 178.6-8 (291, Ox) [ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 187.18-19 (274\/5 or 280\/1 or 289\/90, Ox) [ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; IV<\/strong> 283.16-24 (550, Aphr) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, metr.]; 296.16-17 (520, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., annually, anhyp., qual.]; 315.15-21 (136\/7, Ox) [1: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9, \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, anhyp., 2: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9, fixd., annually, anhyp.]; 316.16-17 (328, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7]; 385.7-10 (246A\/5A, Phil) [imp.praes., fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; V<\/strong> 466.18-19 (518, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., two installments]; 467.14-16 (360, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., \u1f00\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2]; 468.18-30 (200, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., metresis, loc.]; 469.18-20 (334, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., qual.]; VI<\/strong> 707.16-19 (351, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., two installments]; 709.22-23 (566, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., twice a year]; VII<\/strong> 739.16-30 (163, Ox) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual., metr., metresis]; 787.13-14 (176\/7 ?, ArsN) [ind.fut., three installments]; 788.8-16 (125, HermN) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr.]; VIII<\/strong> 879.12-14 (99, Kar) [periph., ind.fut., loc., qual.]; 920r.5-7 (VI, OxN) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9; \u03b3\u03b5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f51\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; 963.21-23 (579, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., two installments a year]; IX<\/strong> 1029.18-20 (52\/3, OxN) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9, ankind.]; 1030.19-21 (109, Ox) [imp.aor., within]; 1036.12-16, 17-20 (192, OxN) [ind.fut., install.]; 1056.12-15 (VII, ArsN) [\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1, fixd., \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03b2\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03c2]; 1069.22-25 (246, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd.]; 1071.20-22 (296, Ox) [imp.aor.]; 1078.25-28 (356, Lenonos) [epan., ind.fut., \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, anhyp.]; X<\/strong> 1097.8-10 (54\/3A, Ox) [\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, metr., loc.]; 1098.21-26 (51A, Teb) [aor.imp., fixd., ship., qual., metr.]; XIII<\/strong> 1330.12-14 (after 3.172, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp., akind.]; XV<\/strong> 1518.11-13 (34\/5\/6, Bac) [rc., imp.aor., fixd., ship.]; XVII<\/strong> 1698.9 (161-168, Ox) [ind.fut.]; 1699.14-18 (173\/4, Ox) [imp.aor., three installments, no delay]; PSI Congr. XX<\/strong> 7.15-16 (104, Kar) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., qual.]; SB I<\/strong> 5252.26-30 (65, Nilopolis) [imp.aor., ten installments]; 5670.18 (167-192, ArsN) [fixd.]; III<\/strong> 7188.19-22, 40-41 (154A, ArsN) [\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd]; IV<\/strong> 7443.17-19 (285, Ox) [metr., anhyp.]; 7444.9-10 (327, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., two installments a year]; 7474.13-14 (c. 254\/5, ArsN) [metr., \u1f10\u03bd \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, ind.fut., metr., \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1]; V<\/strong> 7665.13-14 (225, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd., metr.]; 7814.30-31 (256, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., imp.aor.]; 8086.17-18 (268, Sentrempaei) [ind.fut., two installments]; VI<\/strong> 8976.14-16 (after 105, SokN) [rc., \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9]; 9085 inv. 16048, ll. 15-18 (565, Herm) [rc., qual., metr., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp., ship.]; 9085 inv. 16050, ll. 16-19 (579, Herm) [rc., qual., metr., ind.fut., fixd., ship.]; 9085 inv. 16055, ll. 23-31 (589, Herm) [rc., qual., metr., ind.fut., ship.]; 9110.13-15 (26, Teb) [rc., imp.aor., fixd., loc.]; 9226.23-24 (II\/III, SokN) [ind.fut., \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, loc.]; 9269.19-21 (304, PtolEu) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr.]; 9461.21-25 (632, Boubastos) [\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u02bc \u1f10\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6]; 9561.25 (590, Ox) [rc., ind.fut.]; 9562.16-17 (214, Phil) [ind.fut., fixd., metr.]; VIII<\/strong> 9907.20-21 (388, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., annually, anhyp.]; 9918.16-21 (179\/80, OxN) [ind.fut. two installments]; 9919.4-7 (IIIl, OxN) [epan., ind.fut., allel., fixd., qual., metr.]; 9931.15-17 (405, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 9932.12 (544 or 599, Herm) [rc., ind.fut.]; X<\/strong> 10263.20-27 (204, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; 10532.20-30 (87\/8, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual.]; 10573.15-18 (10A, ArsN\/OxN) [imp.aor., fixd. loc., metr.]; XII<\/strong> 10780.26-28 (172\/3, Ox) [ed.: \u03bc\u0323\u03b5\u0323\u03c4\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03ae\u0323\u03c3\u0323\u03b5\u0323\u03b9\u0323;]; 10942.22-28 (4A, OxN) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr.]; 10982.21-23 (288, Phil) [ind.fut., metr., loc.]; 11047.27-30 (195 ?, Teb) [ind.fut., fixd., qual., metr.]; 11061.11-18 (218A, Tholt) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., qual.]; 11228.23-25 (204, OxN) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., metr.]; 11234.18-23 (210\/1, Ox) [fut., loc., anhyp.]; XIV<\/strong> 11279.30-32 (44, Thead) [imp.aor., fixd., loc.]; 11281.17-22 (172, Ox) [ind.fut., annually, two installments, av: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1]; 11373.13-15 (513, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 11431.7-10 (95\/6?, Kerkeesis) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., metresis]; 11603.17-22 (157-159, PtolEu) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual., metr., metresis]; 11711.17-18 (332, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, anhyp.]; 11718.17-18 (141, Teb) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual.]; 11720.22-26 (170, Teb) [ind.fut., fixd., qual.]; 11911.23-27 (224, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., loc., anhyp.]; 11933.34-36 (27A, PtolEu) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual.]; 12049.15-18 (VI\/VII, Herm) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, qual., ship.]; 12050.12-13, 18-19 (498, Herm) [rc., qual., metr., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, allel., fixd., anhyp., \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd]; 12052.10-13 (545\/560 , Herm) [rc., qual., metr., fixd., ind.fut., ship., \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, anhyp.]; 12132.10-14 (VI, Herm) [rc., qual., ind.fut., metr., anhyp., ship.]; <\/span>XVI<\/strong> 12373.13-15 (158A, ArsN) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9]; 12469.9-11 (26A, SokN) [ship., metr., qual.]; 12539.20-23 (26, Teb) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, metr., fixd.,]; 12569.8-25, ll. 22-24 (66-58 or 55-51A, KerkArs Orous) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9]; 12583.18-19 (500, Ox) [rc.]; 12836.23-29 (225, Ankyron Polis) [ind.fut.: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd]; 13004.9-10 (314 Thmouis) [rc., ind.fut., annually, metr., prepayment]; 13005.16-19 (144, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., two installments]; 13006.30-33 (144, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual.]; 13008.18-25 (144, ArsN) [preas.part. (GA), \u03c4\u03b1\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f00\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2]; 13010.29-32 (144, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual.]; 13011.14-17 (144, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., three installments]; 13012.16-20 (42, ArsN) [ind.fut., two installments]; 13017.17-21 (24A, SokN) [imp.aor., fixd., ship.]; <\/span>XVIII<\/strong> 13102.6-9 (8195, UP) [ind.fut., three installments]; 13150.27-29 (II, Ox) [ind.fut., \u1f05\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9]; 13161.8-28, ll. 17-23 (after 29.8.138, ArsN\/HermN) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, periph., ind.fut., fixd., at least two installments]; 13161.29-48, ll. 37-40? (after 29.8.138, ArsN\/HermN) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, fixd.]; 13161.49-60, ll. 56-57 (after 29.8.138, ArsN\/HermN) [ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 13582.16-19 (184, UP) [annually, fixd.]; 13584.19-20 (VIm, Herm) [rc., qual., metr., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp.]; 13586.11-12 (VI\/VII, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd. (two installments), anhyp.]; 13620.11-12 (473, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 13850.16-20 (141?, ArsN) [metr.]; 14001. (486, ArsN) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5]; <\/span>XX<\/strong> 14110.13-15 (VI, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., two annual installments]; 14315.26-28 (32\/3, Teb) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2, fixd. (two installments), loc.]; 14337.19-25 (103, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd. (two installments), and initc.]; 14338.6-13 (120, Ox) [imp.praes.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c9, fixd., qual.]; 14983.16 (220-260, OxN) [imp.aor.]; 14984.9-17 (140-210, OxN) [imp.aor., fixd., imp.praes.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c9, \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9]; <\/span>XXII<\/strong> 15240.18-19 (156A, Ammonias) [imp.aor., \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 15493.11-12 (435 Sesiy) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9, oc.]; 15620.12-14 (424, Alabastrine) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, no excuse]; 15630.6-7 (152, OxN) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u1f74\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9]; <\/span>XXIV<\/strong> 15923.6-8 (VIl\/VIIe, HermN ?) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 15925.9-10 (VIe, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., twice a year]; 16112.2-3 (VI, HermN) [ship.]; 16128.2-3 (V, OxN) [epan., allel., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, anhyp.]; 16189.1-2 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, anhyp.]; 16191.3 (VI\/VII, Antinoites) ?; <\/span>XXVI<\/strong> 16796.15-16 (518, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., annually]; 16819.21-26 (332, Herm) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd.: two installments, anhyp., qual., metr.];<\/span> XXVIII<\/strong> 16909.13-14 (420, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., two installments]; 17201.8-10 (VI\/VII, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 17208.12-15 (IV end\/Vb, Herak) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., qual., metr.]; SPP II<\/strong> p. 33, ll. 10-14 (328, Herm) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd.: two installments, anhyp., qual., metr.]; V<\/strong> 119r.2.13-19 (before 266, Herm) [rc., AV: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03c9]; 119r. 3.20-21 (266, Herm) [rc., anhyp.]; 119r.5.17-24 (after 266, Herm) [rc., AV: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, metr.]; 119r\u20117..15-20 (266, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., install., loc., metr.]; 119r.8.11-12 (266, Herm) [AV: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9];<\/span> XX<\/strong> 21.18-21 (215, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr.]; 22.12-14 (216\/7 HerakN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., loc., akind., anhyp.]; 53.15-18 (246, Herak) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 55.7-10 (250 HerakN) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp., akind.]; 57.16-19 (263, Dionysias) [ind.fut., metr.]; 70.20-21 (261, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 104.1-2 (383, UP) [fixd., metr., anhyp.]; <\/span>XXII<\/strong> 173.15-23 (40, SokN) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd, within]; 177.26-29 (136\/7, SokN) [ind.fut., fixd., \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b1\u1f31\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd \u1f10\u03be \u1f34\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5]; <\/span>ZPE<\/strong> 200 (2016) 336-346 frag. b, 31-38 (163 Ophis, OxN). [ic., imp.aor., loc., qual.].<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n

\r\n

19. Failure to Deliver Rent<\/h2>\r\n

Category: Payment, Penalty<\/p>\r\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Thirty-six of sixty-seven Ptolemaic lease documents that contain the delivery clause also address the issue of non-delivery. The rule, already featured in P.Cair.Zen. III 59340.7 and especially 29-31 (247 BCE, Philadelphia), prescribes cash<\/strong> compensation for every missing object<\/strong>: \u1f10\u1f70]\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4[\u1ff6]\u03c3\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bc \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u0323\u03cc\u0323\u03c4\u0323\u03b9\u0323 | 30<\/sup> [\u1f61\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd, -ca.?- \u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03c1\u03af\u03c6]\u03bf\u0323\u03c5 \u1f67\u03bd \u1f02\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u0323\u03c6\u0323\u03b5\u0323\u03b9\u0323\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9[\u03c3\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f74\u03bd \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2] | 31<\/sup> [\u03b4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03be\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9 \u1f38\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd \u1f00\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3(?)]\u03b8\u0323\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u1f50\u0323\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f30\u03b3\u03b1[\u03c2 -ca.?- ]\u00a0(\u2018And if they do not return the rent as they have agreed, (let them pay as compensation) for each kid that they owe forthwith the amount of ten drachms, and let it be allowed for Iason to take back his goats\u2019). According to the established scheme, evident in both the Arsinoite documentation and in the Tholthis group, the protasis<\/em> records the verb of delivery, usually \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, but sometimes also \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f77\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9, denoting the physical transfer of the object to the lessor\u2019s estate. In the apodosis<\/em>, using the imperative aorist of \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u1f77\u03bd\u03c9 (\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9), one anticipates the payment not of a penalty but of cash compensation for the non-delivered objects. The contract may propose a fixed per-artaba<\/em> estimate of all commodities for which payment in kind is intended: wheat, barley, olyra, fodder, and chaff. In a more flexible alternative, a maximum market price is prescribed. Cf., e.g., BGU<\/span> XIV 2390.33-35 (160\/59 BCE, Herakleopolis), in which the lender seems to benefit from both alternatives in that he shall receive, in the case of non-payment, a fixed artaba<\/em> compensation at the very least. If the maximum market price is higher, he will also receive the difference: \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 [\u03bc]\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1f70 \u03b3\u03b5|34<\/sup>\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03ae\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03b6\u03b1\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f57 \u1f02\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u1fc3 \u03c3\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f74\u03bd \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc[\u1f70]\u03c2 |\u00a035<\/sup>\u00a0\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f45\u03c3\u03c9\u03b9 \u1f02\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u0323\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4[\u03bf\u03c5] \u03c0\u03c9\u03bb\u1fc6\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd \u1f29\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f00\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u1fb6\u03b9 (\u2018If he does not pay as stipulated, let Polyeratos pay to Diazolos for whatever wheat he still owes him four hundred drachmas per artaba<\/em> of wheat and whatever addition to that amount may be earned by selling it in the market of Herakleopolis\u2019). The same clause is preserved, in its original formulation, in P.Athen. 14.26-32 (22 CE, Philadelphia). In the text of this document, only a duplum<\/em> for expenses and damage, an epitimon<\/em>, and a payment to the fisc are added:\u00a0\u03b5\u1f30 \u03b4\u1f72] \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u039a\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u1f74\u03bd | 27<\/sup> [\u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2] \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac[\u03b2]\u03b7\u03c2, \u1f27\u03c2 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u1f40\u0323\u03c6\u0323\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u1fc3 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 | 28<\/sup> [\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f11\u03ba]\u03b1\u0323\u03c4\u0323[\u1f78]\u03bd \u1f22 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f10\u03c3[\u03bf]\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u1f00\u03b3\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c1\u1fb7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03bd, | 29<\/sup> [\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u0323\u00a0 \u0323\u00a0 \u0323\u00a0 \u0323 \u03c4]\u1f70 \u03b2\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03b4\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u1fb6 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc[\u03bf\u03bd] | 30<\/sup> [\u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f11\u03ba]\u03b1\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc[\u03cc]\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd [\u03c4]\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f34\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b3\u03b9[\u03bd\u03bf]\u03bc\u0323\u03ad\u0323\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 | 31<\/sup> [\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u039a\u03ac\u03c3]\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9 [\u1f22 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c0]\u03b1\u0323\u03c1\u02bc \u03b1[\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6] \u1f14\u0323\u03ba\u0323 \u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 [\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u039c\u03ad]|32<\/sup>[\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50]\u03c4\u03bf\u0323\u1fe6\u0323 [\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd]\u03c4\u03c9\u0323[\u03bd\u00a0(\u2018Or else, let him pay as a compensation to Kastor, immediately, the value of each artab<\/em> that he may owe him of the rent, one hundred drachms of silver or the future highest market price, [ - - ] double the amount of the damages and expenses, a penalty of one hundred silver drachms, and to the fisc the same, Kastor and those acting on his behalf having the right of execution from Menon himself and all his property\u2019). For the tendency to add a fine in the early Roman period, cf. also SB XVI 12539.22-24 (26 CE, Tebtynis).<\/p>\r\n

The Roman period (I\u2013IV centuries CE) yields as many as 436 leases that contain the delivery clause, but only 29 discuss the prospect of non-delivery, 22 of which were composed in the Oxyrhynchite nome. Some Oxyrhynchite documents continue to exhibit the Ptolemaic text. Such is the case in P.Oxy.<\/span> VIII 1124.13-15 (26 CE, Oxyrhynchos), now republished as P.Oxy. LXXXIII 5360.13-15:\u00a0\u1f22 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4[\u03c9] \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f74\u03bd \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7[\u03c2] \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f27\u03c2 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd\u00a0| 14<\/sup> \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4[\u1ff7 \u1f00]\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af[\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4]\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2\u00a0[\u00a0\u00a0\u0323] \u0323\u00a0\u00a0\u0323, \u03c4\u0323\u1fc6\u0323\u03c2 \u03b4\u02bc \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78\u00a0| 15<\/sup>\u00a0\u03be\u03c5\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u0323[\u03b1\u1f76] \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1[\u03b9\u03bf]\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u00a0(\u2018\u2026or shall forfeit as the value of every artaba<\/em> that he does not pay [ - - ] drachmas of silver and double the rent of the land sown with green produce\u2019). In the course of the Roman period, however, the older clause, stipulating cash compensation for each missing artaba<\/em>, is replaced by the lessee\u2019s duty, in case of defaulted payment, to indemnify the lessor by defraying any existing debt and adding a hemiolion<\/em>. The formulation now runs (P.Oxy.<\/span> LXIX 4739.23-26: 127 CE, Oxyrhynchos):\u00a0\u1f22 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u1f43 \u1f10\u03ac\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u1fc3 \u03bc\u03b5|24<\/sup>\u03b8\u2019 \u1f21\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f21 \u03c0\u03c1\u1fb6\u03be\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03ba\u03cc|25<\/sup>\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f14\u03ba \u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1|26<\/sup>\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u00a0(\u2018Or he is to pay whatever he still owes plus one half. The right of execution shall reside with the lessor upon both the lessee and all his property\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

The clause is rarely attested in the Byzantine period (VI\u2013VII centuries CE), incorporated into only five of the 205 documents that contain the delivery clause. These five documents neither exhibit any established scheme nor offer the same remedies. In P.Michael. 43.16-17 (526 CE, Aphrodites Kome), the scribe introduces an annual payment in kind, the \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, until the debt is defrayed; BGU I 336.15-20 (645 or 660 CE, Arsinoiton Polis) and BGU XIX 2828.8-11 (VIIb<\/sup>, Hermopolis) propose a cash compensation that is not, however, proportional to the missing share of the rent; and in P.Flor. III 384.50-58 (489 CE, Hermopolis) a prostimon<\/em> is indicated. Cf., e.g., BGU II 336.15-20 (645 or 660 CE, Arsinoiton Polis): \u03b5\u1f30 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03c9 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u1fc3 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8[(\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u1fb3)], | 16<\/sup> \u1f10\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f51\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u1fb3 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb(\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u1fb3) | 17<\/sup> \u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03be \u1f30\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 | 18<\/sup> \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c7\u03af\u03bf(\u03c5) \u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4[\u03b1] | 19<\/sup> \u1f13\u03be \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6 | 20<\/sup> \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u00a0(\u2018And if I do not perform any of these things within said timeframe, I will be liable to give your magnificence from my home and out of my own devices on account of the gonachion<\/em> six gold solidi<\/em> and on account of each blanket three gold solidi\u2019<\/em>).<\/p>\r\n

Bibl.: Berger (1911): 161, 164; Taubenschlag (1955): 360; Herrmann (1958): 145-148; Hennig (1967): 74-78; M\u00fcller (1985): 287.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

MP<\/strong>: Market Price;\u00a0 \u00a0 MMP<\/strong>: Maximum Market Price;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 PAA<\/strong>: Per Artaba Amount;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Prax<\/strong>.: Praxis;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 TD<\/strong>: Total Debt;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 TF<\/strong>: Total Fine<\/p>\r\n

BGU<\/span> II<\/strong> 366.15-20 (645 or 660, ArsPol) [TF, per object amount]; VI<\/strong> 1262.11-13 (216\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [PAA]; 1263.20-21 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt); 1264.21-23 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [PAA]; 1266.26-29 (203\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [epit., kyrieueto]; 1267.11-16 (before 286\/5A<\/sup><\/span>\/266\/5A<\/sup><\/span>\/228\/7A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [PAA, prax., kyrieueto]; 1271.7-9 (180A<\/sup><\/span>-145A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil\/Thead) [PAA\/MP]; X<\/strong> 1943.12-14 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [PAA]; 1944.11-14 (214\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [PAA, prax., kyrieueto]; 1946.11-13 (213\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [PAA, prax.]; 1949.1-4 (221A<\/sup><\/span>-205A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [prax.]; 1952.2-5 (221A<\/sup><\/span>-205A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [PAA, prax.]; 1955.2-3 (221A<\/sup><\/span>-205A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN); XIV<\/strong> 2383.11-12 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [PAA, prax., kyrieueto]; 2384.9-11 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [PAA]; 2387.4-7 (IIIA<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [PAA]; 2390.33-35 (160\/59A<\/sup><\/span>, HerakN) [PAA\/MP]; XV<\/strong> 2485.16-17 ? (209, ArsN) [syntimesis]; XIX<\/strong> 2828.8-11 (VIIb<\/sup>, Herm) [TF, no excuse, kind.]; P.Amst.<\/span> I<\/strong> 41.45-83 (10A<\/sup><\/span>, PtolEu); P.Athen.<\/span><\/strong> 14.26-32 (22, Phil) [PAA\/MP, dam., exp., epit., fisc., prax.]; P.Cair.Zen.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 59340.7-11, 29-33 (247A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [fixed price, removal of the goats]; P.Col.<\/span> IV<\/strong> 85.7-8 (244\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [hemiolion]; P.Erl.<\/span><\/strong> 69.2-7 (IA<\/sup><\/span>\/I, UP) [PAA]; P.Flor.<\/span> III<\/strong> 384.50-58 (489, Herm) [prostimon]; P.Frank.<\/span><\/strong> 1.21-25 (213A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [PAA, prax., kyrieueto]; 2.23-26 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [PAA, prax., kyrieueto]; P.Freib.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 12a.9-11? (IIfA<\/span><\/sup>, UP); 34.18-19 (173A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [Deduction of prodoma, debt]; P.Hamb.<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 239.9-13 (IIImA<\/span><\/sup>, Tholt?) [PAA, prax.]; P.Hib.<\/span> I<\/strong> 90.13-16 (222A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [PAA, prax.]; P.K\u00f6ln<\/span><\/strong> VI<\/strong> 275.10-12 (104\/3A<\/sup><\/span> or 101\/0A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN) [PAA\/MP]; P.Michael. 43.20-21 (526, Aphr); P.Monts.Roca<\/span> IV<\/strong> 77.14-16,41-42 (148A<\/sup><\/span>, Hephaistias) [MMP, prax.]; P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 101.42-47 (142, Ox) [TD with hemiolia, prax.];\u00a0III<\/strong> 499.28-33 (121, Senepta\/Ox) [TD with hemiolia, prax.]; IV<\/strong> 730.25-27 (130A<\/sup><\/span>, Senepta\/Ox) [TD with hemiolia, prax.]; VIII<\/strong> 1124.13-15 (26, Ox) [PAA, prax.]; XVIII<\/strong> 2188.9-13 (107, Ox) [TD with hemiolia, prax.]; XXII<\/strong> 2351.52-53 (112, Ox) [TD with hemiolia, prax.]; XLVII<\/strong> 3352.2-4 (68, OxN) [PAA, prax.];\u00a0XLIX<\/strong> 3488.49-53 (70\/1, Ox) [PAA, prax.]; 3489.33 (72\/3, Ox); LXIX<\/strong> 4739.23-24 (127, Ox) [TD with hemiolia, prax.]; P.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> I 105.43-48 (103A<\/sup><\/span>, Kerkeosiris) [PAA\/MMP, kyrieueto]; 106.29-33 (101A<\/sup><\/span>, PtolEu);\u00a0III.1<\/span> 815.gr<\/sup>.34-40, ll. 38, 39 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [TF];\u00a0819.8-9, 32-33 (171A<\/sup><\/span>, Oxyrhyncha) [hemiolion, kyrieueto]; P.Yadin<\/span><\/strong> 21.21-24 (130, Maoza) [per object]; 22.17-20 (130, Maoza) [per object]; P.Yale<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 51.11-13, 15-17 (184A<\/sup><\/span>, Kerkesoucha) [PAA]; PSI<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 385.9-10 (246\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil); VII<\/strong> 739.27-30 (163, Ox) [TD with hemiolia, prax.]; VIII<\/strong> 881.7-9 (VI, OxN) [prostimon]; 921.20-24, l. 24 (143\/4, ArsN) [prax.?]; X<\/strong> 1098.26-29 (51A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [PAA\/MMP]; SB<\/span> III<\/strong> 7188.23-24 (154A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN) [epit., damage]; 9918.19-21 (179\/80, OxN); X<\/strong> 10263.28-31 (204, Ox) [TD with hemiolia, prax.]; 10532.29-30 (87\/8, Oxy) [TD with hemiolia]; XII<\/strong> 10942 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt); 11061.14-18 (218A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [PAA, prax., kyrieueto]; XVI<\/strong> 12373.16-17 (158A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN) [prax., epigeorgein]; 12378.20-25 (504, HermN); 12539.22-24 (26, Teb) [rent., epit., fisc.]; XX<\/strong> 14338.13-15 (120, Ox) [TD with hemiolia];\u00a0ZPE<\/strong> 200 (2016) 336-346 ll. B 38-44 (163, Ophis) [TD with hemiolia].<\/p>\r\n\r\n

\r\n

20. Repayment of Loan<\/h2>\r\n

Category: Termination<\/p>\r\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Every document that records the assignment of fungible assets or money regulates their recovery by the assignor. Consequently, the \u2018return of the loan\u2019 clause is quite common, recorded in 738 texts. Several verbs of delivery are attested: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1f77\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u1f73\u03c9, and, quite commonly in the Byzantine period, the aorist infinitive of \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f73\u03c7\u03c9 (\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd). By far the most common, however, is \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9. Alongside the direct, verbal formulation (\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9), scribes in all periods also employ the periphrasis: \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ad\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9. However, with just 43 attestations its position remains secondary. Starting from the first century, the verb is frequently accompanied by the adverb \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd (\u2018perforce\u2019) (earliest attestation: P.Mich. III 191.22: 60 CE, Oxyrhynchos). It is fairly common in the following centuries and is gradually replaced, in the fourth century, by the well-attested literary form \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2. The two versions combined appear in 94 loan contracts, including 44 from the Arsinoite and 33 from the Oxyrhynchite nome. It occurs mostly with the future tense of \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9.<\/p>\r\n

In the protocol style of the early Ptolemaic period, the verb appears in its imperative aorist form (cf., e.g., BGU III 911.15: 18 CE, Soknopaiou Nesos). As a shift to the subjective style takes place in the course of the late Ptolemaic and early Roman periods, the imperative aorist gives way to the indicative or the infinitive of the future tense (P.Diog. 30.12: 223-235 CE, Philadelphia?). From the fourth century onward, the infinitive aorist is also employed at times, particularly wherever it is required by the syntactical environment. Such is the case, for example, in P.Oxy. XVI 1970.22-23 (554 CE, Oxyrhynchos)\u2014\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u2014where the return clause seems embedded in a Greek rendering of the Roman stipulatio<\/em>.<\/p>\r\n

While the clause is syntactically independent in the Ptolemaic period, in the Roman it is integrated into the flow of the text, a phenomenon especially common whenever the contract is introduced by \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c9. In this formulation, the clause is now connected to the preceding clause (the account of the interest) by means of a relative pronoun and the anaphoric nature of the object of the return is emphasized through the combination of \u1f03\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f77 or, more rarely, \u1f05\u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1.<\/p>\r\n

The loan has to be settled by the debtor in person, who appears in the nominative (or accusative in ACI), joined in one document, P.Lips. II 135.7-8 from 98 Hermopolis, by the surety. Return by proxy may be recorded once: P.Oxy. XLIII 3146.11-13 (347, Ox). Return by a third person is regularly anticipated in some Byzantine documents, in which the debt should be returned by the debtor and his heirs (cf., e.g., P.Mich. XI 607.17-24: 569 CE, Antinoopolis). If the debtors are multiple, they may be designated \u1f10\u03be \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03b7\u03c2, as is the case in 14 Roman and Byzantine documents, the earliest of which, P.Fam.Tebt. 4.13-19, dates to 94 CE Tebtynis. The creditor stands in the dative, the indirect object of \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9. Explicit mention of the creditor, however, is not indispensable as some texts omit the dative (e.g., P.Col. X 259.12: 146 CE, Ptolemais Euergetis; P.Grenf. I 10.13-14: 174 BCE, Diospolis Magna). The creditor usually appears alone, but recovery by proxy, much more common when used by creditors than by debtors, is anticipated in some documents, most notably in the context of the archive of Dionysios son of Kephalas (Cf., e.g., P.Dion. 16.22-23: 109 BCE, Akoris: \u0394\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03b9 \u1f22 \u03c4\u0323[\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2] | \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u02bc \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6).<\/p>\r\n

The Ptolemaic technical term for \u2018loan\u2019 is \u03b4\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd, which constitutes the object of the repayment also in the context of the present clause. In cash loans, the \u03b4\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd constitutes the total of the principal (\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd) and the interest (\u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9). This notion finds expression, in particular, in the formulation that occurs, e.g., in PSI X 1131.17-18 (41 CE, Ptolemais Euergetis): \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03b4\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u1f70[\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b2]\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 | 18<\/sup> \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70[\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1] \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u1f31 \u03b4[\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9] (\u2018And let the borrowers repay the aforementioned loan, the nine hundred drachmas of Augustan silver, and the interest\u2019). After the aforementioned change from independent to relative clauses takes place, the loan category is commonly left unmentioned in the return clause<\/strong>. Now one simply reads: \u1f03\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 (e.g., P.Oslo II 39.13-17: 146 CE, Theadelphia). Yet even at this stage the terms \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd and \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 retain their position as the two elements of the loan. Cf., e.g., PSI VIII 964.10-11 (520\/1 or 535\/6 or 550\/1 CE, Oxyrhynchites): \u1f45\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1]\u03bf\u0323\u03bd\u0323 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f78 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd | 11\u00a0<\/sup>[\u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 (\u2018\u2026..which very same interest, and the principal itself I shall per force repay\u2019). The interest is recorded in the return clause only irregularly. In some documents, the object of repayment includes interest (\u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2, \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u1fb3, \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 and later also \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 etc.), while others make special arrangements for the interest: periodic payment of interest and lump-sum repayment of the principal. An interest-free loan is marked as such by use of the adverb \u1f00\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u1f77 (cf., e.g., P.Kron.<\/span><\/strong> 46.17-19: 153 CE, Tebtynis).<\/p>\r\n

Genus chattel, primarily grain, is recorded in 144 texts that contain the return clause: 62 Ptolemaic, 59 Roman, 17 Late Roman, 6 Byzantine. In the Ptolemaic period, a grain loan is labelled daneion<\/em>. The term \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 is used to denote the interest on such a loan but the principal is not called kephalaion<\/em>; if a generic term is sought, it is sitos<\/em> (compare Cadell (1974): 63-65; Battaglia<\/span> (1989): 39-44; Mayerson (2005<\/span>): 51-62). So in BGU VI 1277.6-8 (215\/4 BCE, Tholthis): \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9 | 7\u00a0<\/sup>\u03a0\u03c1\u03b1\u03be\u1f7c \u0398\u03b5\u03bf\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c3\u1fd6\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u1f10\u03bc \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f76 \u0394\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03b9 | 8<\/sup> [\u03c4\u03bf]\u1fe6\u0323 \u1f10\u0323\u03bd\u0323\u03ac\u0323\u03c4\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c5\u0323 \u1f14\u0323\u03c4\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c5\u0323\u03c2\u0323 [\u1f44\u03bb\u03c5\u03c1]\u03b1\u0323\u03bd\u0323 \u03ba\u0323[\u03b1\u03b8]\u03b1\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u1f70\u0323\u03bd\u0323 [\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f04\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf]\u03bd\u0323 (\u2018Let Praxo repay Theogonos this grain in the month of Dystros, unadulterated and clean olyra\u2019). The Ptolemaic clause is highly detailed: in 44 texts it records the requisite quality of the borrowed commodity, in 36 the metron<\/em> (the standard of measure to be used for the delivery), and in 39 arrangements are made for the shipment, with the place of delivery and the payment of expenses by the debtor specified. Cf., e.g., P.Dion. 18.11-16 (107 BCE, Akoris): \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd] \u03b4\u0323\u1f72 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u1f78\u03bd | 12<\/sup> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd\u0323 \u03c4\u0323\u03cc\u0323\u03ba\u0323[\u03bf\u03bd,] \u03c4\u0323\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c0\u0323\u03ac\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u0323[\u03bf]\u1fe6\u0323 \u1f00\u0323[\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2]\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f11\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd, | 13<\/sup> \u1f00\u0323\u03c0\u0323[\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9 \u0394\u03b9]\u03bf\u0323\u03bd\u0323\u03cd\u0323\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2\u0323 \u0394\u0323\u03b9\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03bd\u0323\u03c5\u03c3\u0323[\u03af\u03c9\u03b9 \u1f22 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u02bc \u03b1\u1f50]\u03c4\u0323[\u03bf]\u1fe6\u0323, | 14<\/sup> \u1f10\u03bc\u0323 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f76\u0323 \u039b\u0323\u03c9\u03af\u03c9\u03b9 \u1f45\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd \u03a0\u0323[\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f40\u03b3\u03b4\u03cc\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2,] | 15<\/sup> \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u1f78\u03bd \u03bd\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u1f78\u03bd \u1f04\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u0323\u03bf\u03bd, \u03bc\u0323[\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03b9 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2] | 16<\/sup> \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u0323\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03ac\u0323[\u03c4\u03c9 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70] | 17<\/sup> \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd\u0323 \u1f08\u0323\u03ba\u0323\u03ce\u03c1\u0323\u03b9\u03bf\u0323\u03c2 \\\u1f45\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\/ \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u1f30\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u0323[\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u00b7 (\u2018The wheat and the interest, the entire one hundred wheat artabae<\/em>, Dionysios shall repay to Dionysios or to his subordinates in the month of Loios, which is the month of Pauni of the eighth year, new, clean and pure wheat, in the measure that conforms to the measure of bronze, and shall transfer it to the harbor opposite the village of Akoris at his own expense\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

In the Roman period, featuring 59 texts, the loan category (viz., the daneion<\/em> of the Ptolemaic period) is usually left undesignated in the context of the return clause. So it is in the case of P.Oxy. LXIV 4439.8-11 (258\/9 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u0323\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u0323\u03c1\u0323[\u03b9]\u03b8\u0323\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f00[\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac]|9<\/sup>\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2\u0323 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u0323[\u03bb]|10<\/sup>\u03b8\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u2039\u03c5\u203a\u03c2, \u1f05\u2039\u03c3\u203a\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u0323\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd | 11<\/sup> \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c4\u03bb. (\u2018We have received from you five artabae<\/em> of barley out of the produce of the previous year, which we shall repay you \u2026\u2019). The scribe omits most features typical of the Ptolemaic clause: the metron<\/em> is mentioned in only 21 texts, grain quality in just 13, and shipment arrangements in only four. This reduction continues in the late Roman period (17 texts total), where 10 mention the metron, six the quality, and none refer to shipment. In the Byzantine period (6 texts), two documents mention the metron, three mention the quality of the grain, and one includes shipment arrangements. The data recorded in the Ptolemaic clause, however, are not always left untreated. Ten documents from the early Roman period do not address themselves to shipment expressis verbis<\/em> but do record the place of grain delivery, e.g., P.Hamb. I 55.13-15 (241, Ptolemais Euergetis): \u1f03[\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4]\u03ce\u0323\u03c3\u2039\u03b5\u203a\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u0391\u0323\u1f50\u0323\u03c1\u03b7\u03bb\u03af\u1ff3 | 14<\/sup> [\u1f29\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd\u03b5]\u03af\u03bd\u1ff3 \u1f10\u0323[\u03bd \u03bc]\u03b7\u0323\u03bd\u1f76 \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf|15<\/sup>[\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb]\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u1ff3 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u1ff3 (\u2018\u2026 which they shall repay to Aurelios Heroninos in the month of Pauni in the metropolis using the measure of four choinikes<\/em>\u2019). The same documentation method is used in two later Roman documents and three from the Byzantine period.<\/p>\r\n

The date of repayment may be fixed in advance<\/strong>. This occurs in 341 documents and is the prevailing rule in the Ptolemaic and Roman periods. In this case, some documents specify just the month, in the dative, routinely introduced by the preposition \u1f10\u03bd and always followed by the year in the genitive. In the Byzantine period, the preposition \u1f10\u03bd is sometimes omitted (cf., e.g., P.Sakaon 66: 328, Theadelphia). Specification of exact day, however, is rare. Repayment of these loans at the creditor\u2019s initiative (\u1f41\u03c0\u03b7\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b1 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b1\u1f31\u03c1\u1fc7; \u1f41\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b7) is recorded in 89 documents; it becomes particularly common in Late Antiquity, recorded in 32 documents as opposed to 19 contemporary documents with a fixed date. Repayment within a given time frame\u2014\u1f10\u03bd \u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u1f76\u03bd xx \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 xx \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2, \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2, \u03b5\u1f34\u03c3\u03c9 xx \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bd, \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2 or \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 + day and month\u2014is most frequently recorded in the Roman period (26 cases) but is also attested in later times (13). Repayment in installments (\u1f10\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u1fd6\u03c2) is best recorded in the Roman (15) and Byzantine periods (9). Return on some special occasion (most commonly the harvest, e.g., \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03b4\u1fc6\u03c2) is especially popular in the late Roman (6) and the Byzantine (11) periods.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

The no-excuse formulation:<\/strong> as early as the second century BCE, the aim of thwarting payment evasion by the debtor is routinely attested in this clause. According to the Ptolemaic evidence, he should pay up \u1f04\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5 \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f51\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (\u2018without court action, investigation, and any type of sophistry\u2019). Greek scribes continue to use the same terms throughout the Roman and Byzantine periods. Altogether, 15 words are used to describe forms of evasion. Some scribes prefer adverbs, of which the most common by far are \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 (\u2018forthwith, without delay\u2019) (156 cases and Litinas \u2013 Triantafyllou<\/span> (2019) 74-76); \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03b2\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03c2 (\u2018without snare\u2019) (17 and op.cit.<\/em>, p. 66), \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c1\u03c1\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 (\u2018without opposition, by consent\u2019) (1 and loc.cit.<\/em>), \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03c2 (1 and loc.cit.<\/em>) (\u2018without dispute\u2019); \u1f00\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 (\u2018without evasion\u2019 and op.cit.<\/em>, p. 85-86). Nouns, however, are amply employed as well. Among these nouns, some note simple delay [most commonly: \u1f51\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2 (138); also, \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u1f75] while others express faulty moral conduct [\u03b5\u1f51\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 (\u2018sophistry\u2019) (66); \u1f00\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7 (\u2018arrogance\u2019 (6); and \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u2018fraudulent or malicious conspiracy\u2019 (9)]. In other cases, the no-evasion formula refers to judicial or semi-judicial measures: \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 (\u2018contradiction\u2019, \u2018controversy\u2019) (54), \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2 (\u2018dispute\u2019) (34), \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03b7 (32) (\u2018court action\u2019), and \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae (\u2018exceptio<\/em>?\u2019). As in the Ptolemaic text, the terms appear in the genitive and are introduced by the prepositions \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f77\u03c2, \u1f04\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5; in the Byzantine period, \u03b4\u03af\u03c7\u03b1 is used.<\/p>\r\n

Bibl.: Weber (1932): 102-135; Taubenschlag (1955): 344, 350-351; Kastner (1962): 27-30, 38-41; K\u00fchnert (1965): 60-64, 104-105, 132-133, 170-174; Rupprecht (1967): 64-73; Rodr\u00edguez Mart\u00edn (2017): 171-180.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

akind.<\/strong>: \u1f00\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0allel.:<\/strong> \u1f10\u03be \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03bb\u03b7\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03b7\u03c2 vel sim.<\/em>;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 anhyp.<\/strong>: \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0aor.<\/strong>: aorist tense;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0av.<\/strong>: additional verb;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0epan.<\/strong>: \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 or \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 fixd.<\/strong>: fixed date;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 fut<\/strong>.: future tense;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 initc.<\/strong>: return on the initiative of the creditor;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 install.<\/strong>: installments;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 is.<\/strong>: independent sentence;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0oc.<\/strong>: occasion;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0periph.<\/strong>: periphrastic construction;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0rc.<\/strong>: relative clause<\/p>\r\n

BGU<\/span> I<\/strong> 69.7-9 (120, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., oc.]; 70.19-22 (131, Dionysias) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 179.11-16, 16-22 (138-161, ArsN) [\u1f21 \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, kephal., tok., fixd.]; 189.9-12 (7, ArsN): [rc., ind.fut.]; 190.b.2.1-3 (81-96, ArsN) [ind.fut., epan., fixd., anhyp.]; 272.7-16 (138\/9, ArsN) [rc., periph., ind.fut., no excuse]; 314.11-16 (630, Herak); 339.13-16 (128, Kar): [periph., ind.fut.]; II<\/strong> 363.14?-16? (IV\/VII, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., initc.]; 365.20 (603, ArsPol); 465.1.10-13 (137, UP): [periph., ind.fut., fixd.]; 472.1.15-19 (139, Kar) [rc., epan., periph., inf.fut., fixd.]; 520.7-8 (172, Kar) [ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 637.1-7 (212, ArsN) [ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; 645.1-12 ll. 7-9 (139\/40, ArsN); 664.5-7 (I, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., allel.]; III<\/strong> 702 + P.Bodl.<\/span><\/strong> I 61a.a.22\u2014b. 2 (151, ArsN) [rc., fut., initc., no excuse]; 713.25-28 (42 SokN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 725.20-25 (618, ArsPol) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., \u1f00\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u1f77, \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03b2\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03c2]; 726.5-10 (IV-VII, ArsN) [periph., fixd., loc., anhyp.]; 729.14-16 (144, Alex) [ind.fut., av.: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9, initc., anhyp.]; 736.12-13 ? (544\/559, ArsPol): [periph.]; 741.22-27 (143, Alex ?) [epan., inf.aor., fixd., interest: monthly]; 751.3-5 (IV\/V, ArsN) [periph., inf.fut., fixd.]; 795.4-5 (VI, Path) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; initc.]; 796.2-3 (VI, Path) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, initc.]; 797.3-5 (VI Path) [rc., ind.fut., initc.]; 800.7-11, 19-23 (158, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 856.15-17 (106, Psenyris) [rc., imp.aor., initc., no excuse]; 857.10-13 (113, UP) [rc., ind.fut., fixd]; 865.3-17 (II, ArsN): [fut., install.]; 910.2.20-23 (70, SokN) [imp.aor., daneion, tok., fixd.]; 911.14-19 (18, SokN) [imp.aor., daneion, fixd.]; 943.9-10 (389, Herak) [periph., ind.fut., initc.]; 989.14-19 (226, Herak) [rc., ind.fut.]; 1005.3-6 (IIIm<\/sup>, ArsN ?) [imp.aor., daneion, fixd., qual., metr.]; 1014.12-16 (138, Teb) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; IV<\/strong> 1052.35-49 ll. 45-49 (14\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 1053.1.19-28 (13a<\/sup><\/span> ,Alex) [rc., inf.fut., fixd., install., no excuse]; 1054.6-8 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., inf.fut., install.]; 1055.10-31 (13A<\/sup><\/span>?, Alex); 1056.11-15 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., fut., tok. (instal.), kephal., fixd.]; 1057.1-17, ll. 9-11 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., inf.fut., within; no excuse]; 1115.25-27 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [inf.fut., no excuse]; 1142.2-11 (25\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., inf.aor., loc., qual., no delay]; 1145.1-25 ll. 9-10 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [kephal., inf.fut., within, no excuse]; 1145.26-45 ll. 34-35 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [kephal., inf.fut., within, no excuse]; 1147.9-14 (14\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., inf.fut., within, tokos (install.), no excuse]; 1151.2.30-34 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., inf.fut., install., no excuse]; 1156.11-17 (15A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., inf.fut., install., \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5[\u03c2] \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u02bc \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u1f21\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd]; 1156v<\/sup><\/span>.27-29 (14\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex); 1161.6-11 (24\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., inf.fut., interest: install., kephal.: fixd., no excuse]; 1162.3-5 (17\/6A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., inf.fut., within, no delay]; 1166 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., inf.fut., within; interest: install., principal: fixd., no excuse]; 1167.37-74 ll. 41-42 (13\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., inf.fut. install.]; 1170.1-23, ll. 6-8 (10A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., inf.fut., \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2, no excuse]; 1172.7-9 (9A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., inf.fut., within, no excuse]; 1175.6-8 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., inf.fut., within, no excuse]; VI<\/strong> 1258.8-9 l. 9; 1258.13; 1258.15-16 l. 16 (all from 154\/3A<\/sup><\/span>\u00a0or 143\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Herm ?); 1272.8 (173A<\/sup><\/span>, Hephaistias) [imp.aor.]; 1274.8-10 (218\/7A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd.]; 1275.11-15 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Sephtha) [imp.aor., qual.; av.: \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9, metr.]; 1276.9-11 (215\/4a<\/sup><\/span> OxN) [imp.aor., daneion, fixd., cash, qual.]; 1277.5-9 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor., qual., fixd., metr., ship.]; 1278.6-9, 19-22 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 1279.8 (IIImA<\/span><\/sup>, UP) [imp.aor., tokon, within]; 1281.4-6 (IIA<\/sup><\/span>, Path?) [grain; ship.]; VII<\/strong> 1649.11-15 (264, Phil) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 1650.10 (218, Phil); 1652.15-24 ? (212, Phil); 1653.14-15 (212, Phil) [rc., ind.fut., initc.]; X<\/strong> 1945.b (214\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN?) [imp.aor., initc., ship.]; 1961.5-7 (213\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor., interest: install., daneion: initc.]; 1968.7-8 (184A<\/sup><\/span>, Ptolemais?) [imp.aor., daneion, fixd.]; 1969.5-6, 16-19 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor., grain, fixd., qual., metr., ship., interest: install.]; 1970.7-8 (213\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor.]; 1972.7-9 (ImA<\/span><\/sup>, HerakN?) [rc., ind.fut.]; XI<\/strong> 2042.13-15 (105 SokN) [rc., inf.fut., initc., no excuse]; 2043.13-16 (150, SokN) [interest (\u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2), inf.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 2044.a.17-21 (46, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 2045.15-18 (215, Thead) [rc., periph., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 2046.7-8 (hyp) (II, Herakleia) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 2116.2-4 (25\/6, ArsN?) [imp.aor., fixd., no excuse]; 2117.6-7 (II, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd]; 2118.9-11 (223, Ox) [ind.fut., kephal., tok., within]; XII<\/strong> 2140.8-14 (432, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., initc.]; 2188.12-18 (526, Herm) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, within, no excuse]; 2197.10-18 (537, Herm) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, fixd., no excuse, qual., ship.]; 2201.6-9 (565, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, no excuse, \u1f00\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u1f77]; 2206.13-15 (591-602, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; XIII<\/strong> 2337.18-23 (46, Nilopolis) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; XIV<\/strong> 2393.10-14 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor., fixd., grain, qual., metr., ship.]; 2395.17-18, 59-61 (221A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd., interest (\u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03c9\u03b9)]; 2396.8-9 (213\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor., daneion, fixd.]; XIX<\/strong> 2838.3-7 (V\/VI, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd]; CPR<\/span> I<\/strong> 15.15-17 (149, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 16.20-27 (163, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., interest (\u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2), anhyp.]; 29.16-18 (184, PtolEu) [rc., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; VII<\/strong>\u00a0 40.13-15 (492, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; 41.1-3 (513, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; initc.]; VIII<\/strong> 47.2-7 (IV\/V, ArsN) [rc., epan., ind.fut., metr., no excuse]; XVIIa<\/strong> 5a.5-6 (316, Herm) [ed.: [\u1f00]\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff6\u0323 \u03c4\u1fc7\u0323 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u0323[\u03ba]\u03b5\u0323\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u1fc3\u0323 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u0323\u03bc\u03af[\u1fb3];]; XVIIb<\/strong> 4 ll. 9-15, ll. 11-13 (184\/5, Panop) [\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, anhyp., epan.]; 11.47-53, ll. 50-52 (217\/8 Panop) [rc., ind.fut., fixd]; 13.7-15, ll. 11-12 (217\/8, Panop) [ind.fut., anhyp.]; 13.22-26 l. 24-25 (217\/8, Panop) [rc., ind.fut.]; 14.9-13 l. 13 (217\/8, Panop) [rc., ind.fut.]; 15.10-15, l. 15 (217, Panop) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 23.3-9, ll. 6-7 (217\/8, Panop) [rc., ind.fut.]; 25.1-4 l. 3 [ind.fut.: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, initc.]; 25.5-13 l. 10 (217\/8, Panop) [initc.]; 27.1-8 ll. 6-7 (217\/8, Panop) [anhyp., epan.]; 36.9 (217\/8, Panop) [epan.]; XVIII<\/strong> 14.282-285 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [daneion, tok., imp.aor., within]; 16.332-333 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [ind.fut. (?), daneion, fixd.]; 24.32-33 (232\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [imp.aor., daneion, within]; XIX<\/strong> 10.14-19 (522, HermN) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, initc.]; 33.10-14 (591, ArsPol); 38.14-17 (560\/575, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., fixd.]; 39.10-12 (542\/557, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., initc., no excuse, \u1f10\u03be \u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd]; O.Bodl.<\/span> II<\/strong> 1978.3-5 (25\/6, Thebes?) [rc., ind.fut., grain; qual., metr.]; O.Brux.<\/span><\/strong> 13.5-6 (136\/7 or 157\/8 or 180\/1, Upper Egypt)? [rc., ind.fut., within]; O.Claud.<\/span> III<\/strong> 432.4-7 (137, Mons Claudianus) [rc., ind.fut.]; 536.5-6 (c. 147, Mons Claudianus) [rc., ind.fut.]; 541.5-8 (141, Mons Claudianus) [rc., ind.fut., interest monthly]; 572.6-8 (140, Mons Claudianus) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u1fc3]; 625.9-16 (138-161?, Mons Claudianus) [rc., ind.fut., grain]; O.Did.<\/span><\/strong> 135.6-10 (before 220-250, Didymoi) [rc., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; O.Eleph.Wagner<\/span><\/strong> 371.7-10 (VI, Eleph) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, fixd]; P.Adler<\/span><\/strong> 4.9-11 (109A<\/sup><\/span>, Ptolemais) [rc., ind.fut., within, no excuse]; 6.9-12 (106A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd]; 10.11-13 (101A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd]; 15.7-8 (100A<\/sup><\/span>, Path?) [periph., imp.aor., fixd.]; 19.8-10 (98A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd]; P.Alex.<\/span><\/strong> 7.12-16 (113, Dionysias) [imp.aor., daneion, tokoi, fixd.]; 10.9-11 (69-79, Kar) [rc., ind.fut., no excuse]; 34.1-3 (IV\/V, UP) [\u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f10\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, initc., no excuse]; P.Alex. Inv.Nr.<\/span><\/strong> 119.1-3 (I-IV, UP) [ind.fut.]; 518.9-11 (118 ?, UP) [grain, qual.]; P.Amh.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 43.7-11 (173A<\/sup><\/span>, SokN) [aor.imp., daneion, grain, fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 44.7-10, 26-30 (136A<\/sup><\/span>, Philopator alias Theogenous) [imp.aor., daneion, grain, fixd., qual., ship..]; 46.4-8 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [imp.aor., daneion, grain, fixd., qual., ship.]; 47.6-11 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Path?) [imp.aor., daneion, grain, fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 48.5-11 (106A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [imp.aor., daneion, wine, fixd., ship.]; 49.1-3 (108A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [imp.aor., daneion, fixd.]; 50.12-14 (106A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [imp.aor., daneion, fixd.]; 148.7-10 (487, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut.]; 149.12-14 (VI, Ox) [rc., akind., epan., ind.fut., initc.]; 151.16-17 (610-619\/629-641, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, no excuse]; P.Ant.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 102.8-15 (445, Antin) [anhyp.]; 104.5-6 (VI, Antin) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; initc., no excuse]; P.Athen.<\/span><\/strong> 21.11-13 (131, Kar) [periph., imp.aor., initc.]; 22.15-22 (103\/122, ArsN) [periph., imp.aor., epan., fixd.]; 28.15-19 (86, Thead) [rc., inf.fut.: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd, initc., no excuse] ; P.Athen.Xyla<\/span><\/strong> 12.1-2 (VI, HermN); 17.3-5 (548\/9, HermN?) [rc., ind.fut., oc., no excuse]; 18.4-5 (487\/8, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, within, no excuse]; P.Bad.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 2.13, 28-31 (130A<\/sup><\/span>, Hermonthis) [imp.aor., daneion, tok., fixd.]; 27.2-4 (316, HermN?) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 28.6-7 (331, Herm) [rc. ind.fut.]; P.Bas.<\/span><\/strong> 7.13-15 (117-138, ArsN) [periph., imp.aor., principal + interest, fixd.]; P.Berl.M\u00f6ller<\/span><\/strong> 4.11-20 (3, Phil) [imp.aor., daneion, grain, qual., fixd., metr., ship.]; P.Bingen<\/span><\/strong> 39.6-8 (111A<\/sup><\/span>, Kar) [imp.aor., fixd. qual.]; 40.1-6 (111\/10A<\/sup>,<\/span> Path) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., ship.];<\/span><\/strong> 73.11-15 (138-150, Teb) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; P.Bodl.<\/span> I<\/strong> 42.14-16 (212-216, PtolEu) [rc., inf.fut., epan., fixd., anhyp.]; 61ar<\/sup>.1-2 (151, PtolEu) [no excuse]; 82.11-13 (533, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; \u1f00\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03af; no excuse]; P.Bon.<\/span><\/strong> 25.16-19 (185, Phys) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Brem.<\/span><\/strong> 67.5-10 (44?, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., within, no excuse]; 68.6-7 (99, Herm?) [imp.aor., within, qual.]; P.Brook.<\/span><\/strong> 9.8-10 (IV, Ibion Eikosipentarouron) [rc., inf.fut., epan., fixd]; 10.5-11 (VI, Thebes) [\u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; fixd]; 73.3-5 (IV, Upper Egypt) [rc., ind.fut., interest]; P.Cair.Goodsp.<\/span><\/strong> 8.1.5-7 (111A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [imp.aor., fixd.]; P.Cair.Isid.<\/span><\/strong> 93.18-22 (282, PtolEu) [rc., epan., inf.fut., fixd., interest, anhyp.]; 95.8-10 (310, Kar) [inf.fut., fixd.]; 96.8-9 (310, Kar) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 97.10-11 (308, Kar) [rc., epan., ind.fut., metr., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Cair.Masp.<\/span> II<\/strong> 67125.9-13 (525, Aphr) [\u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; 67126.16-23 (541, Constantinople) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03af \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, allel.]; 67128.20-25 [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, oc., no excuse]; 67129.19-25 (549, Aphr) [\u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; install., no excuse]; 67162.17-23 (568, Antin) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, within]; 67163.17-23 (569, Antin) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, fixd., epikerdia., no excuse]; 67164.5-6 (569, Antin) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; 67251.3-4 (549, Aphr) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; III<\/strong> 67308.3-4 (526, Aphr) [rc., ind.fut., oc.]; 67309.16-20 (569, Antin) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, install., initc., no excuse]; P.Cair.Zen.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 59001.9-11, 35-37 (274\/3a<\/sup><\/span> Pitos) [imp.aor., daneion]; II<\/strong> 59173.9-10, 28-30 (255A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil); P.Charite<\/span><\/strong>\u00a033.6-7 (331\/2 or 346\/7, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 34.7-8 (318 or 348, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Col.<\/span><\/strong> VII<\/strong> 176.7-13 (325, Kar) [rc., epan., inf.fut., fixd., qual., metr., anhyp.]; 178.7-12 (327 Kar,) [rc., epan., inf.fut., fixd., qual. metr., anhyp.]; 178a.7-11 (336, Kar) [rc., epan., inf.fut., fixd., qual., metr., anhyp.]; VIII<\/strong> 243.5-8 (VI, UP) [rc., ind.fut., allel.]; 245.5-18 (VI, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, loc.: \u1f10\u03bd \u03bf\u1f34\u03ba\u1ff3]; X<\/strong> 259.12-14 (146, PtolEu) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 287.9-13 (326, Ox) [rc., grain: qual., metr., epan., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; P.Col<\/strong>.Inv.<\/strong> 46.9-11 (340-410<\/span>, Phil?); <\/span>185.10-12 (345, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; P.Coles<\/span><\/strong> 29.4-7 (V\/VI, Ox?) [rc., akind., ind.fut., interest (\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5), initc., anhyp., no excuse]; P.Coll.Youtie<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 25.22-25 (147, Teb) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 50.2-3 (IIe<\/sup>, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., kephal., tok.]; P.Corn.<\/span><\/strong> 2.9-12 (250\/249A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [ind.fut,, metr., fixd.]; 6.11-14 (17, Oxyrhyncha); [daneion, imp.aor., fixd.]; P.David<\/span><\/strong> 4.5-11 (167A<\/sup><\/span>\/114A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [ind.fut., wine: qual., metr., fixd.]; 10.7-10, 10-15 (522\/3, Ox) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, oc., anhyp., kind.]; P.Dime<\/span><\/strong> III 11GD.14-17 (29, SokN) [imp.aor., fixd.]; 27GD.19-22 (54, SokN) [rc., imp.aor., fixd.]; P.Diog.<\/span><\/strong> 25.7-10 (132, Phil?) [rc., ind.fut., \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2, fixd., anhyp.]; 27.9-11 (213, Phil) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 30.11-15 (222-235, Phil?) [rc., epan., ind.fut., allel., fixd., metr.]; P.Dion.<\/span><\/strong> 13.16-22 (112A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [imp.aor., fixd., grain: qual., metr., ship.]; 14.18-23 (110A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [imp.aor., fixd., grain: qual., metr., ship., no excuse]; 15.17-21 (109A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [imp.aor., fixd., grain: qual., metr., ship., no excuse]; 16.21-26 (109A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [imp.aor., fixd., grain: qual., metr., ship., no excuse]; 17.20-26 (108A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [imp.aor., fixd., grain: qual., metr., ship., no excuse]; 18.11-17 (107A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [imp.aor., fixd., grain: qual., metr., ship., no excuse]; 19.14-20 (105A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [imp.aor., fixd., grain: qual., metr., ship., no excuse]; 20.16-22 (105A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [imp.aor., fixd., grain: qual., metr., ship., no excuse]; 21.16-20 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [imp.aor., fixd., grain: qual., metr., ship.]; 22.15-19 (111A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [imp.aor., fixd., grain: qual., metr., ship.]; 23.9-19 (108A<\/sup><\/span>, Herm) [imp.aor., fixd., grain, qual., metr., ship.]; 24.11-20 (106A<\/sup><\/span>, Herm) [imp.aor., fixd., grain, qual., metr., ship., no excuse]; 25.16-26 (104A<\/sup><\/span>, Herm) [imp.aor., fixd., grain, qual., metr., ship., no excuse]; 26.10-15 (116A<\/sup><\/span>, Herm) [imp.aor., fixd., grain, qual., metr., ship.]; 27.10-15 (113\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Herm) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9; fixd; grain: quality; metr.; shipment; atok.]; 32.8-14 (107A<\/sup><\/span>, HermN) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c9; fixd; grain: qual.; metr.; ship.]; 33.3-10 (IIA<\/sup><\/span>, HermN) [ind.fut., fixd., grain, qual.; metr.; ship.; no excuse] ; P.Dura<\/span><\/strong> 21.1-2 (IIf<\/sup>, Dura-Europos) [ind.fut.]; 22.7-9 (133\/4, Dura Europos) [ind.fut., fixd.]; P.Edfou<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 3.12-15 (619, Apol) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, interest (\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd), no excuse, within, kind.]; 4.9-13 (627 Apol) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; install.; atoka; no excuse]; P.Eirene<\/span> III<\/strong> 9.13-16 (I\/II, ArsN) [rc. Periph. imp.aor., fixd.]; P.Erl.<\/span><\/strong> 60.3 (II, UP) [ind.fut.]; 61.8 (II, ArsN) [rc.]; 67.14-17 (591, Herak) [rc., epan., ind.fut., av.: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, anhyp., no excuse, \u1f00\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u1f77]; 68.2-3 (VII, Herak) [rc., ind.fut.]; P.Fam.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> 2.12-16 (92, Teb) [ind.fut., epan., initc., no excuse]; 4.13-19 (94, Teb) [inf.fut., allel., epan., fixd., loc., no excuse] ; 6.15-21 (98\/9, Teb) [epan., ind.fut., fixd; obj.+int.]; 16.12-16 (116, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 22.11-15 (122, Teb) [epan., inf.fut., cap.+inter., no excuse]; P.Fay.<\/span><\/strong> 90.12-18 (234, PtolEu) [epan., inf.fut., fixd., loc., metr., anhyp.]; 155.10-11 (136, Bac); 205.8-11 (138-161, Bac) [periph., inf.aor., anhyp.]; P.Flor.<\/span><\/strong> I 1.5-6 (153, Herm) [daneion, cash, imp.aor., parach., qual.]; 28.4-5 (179, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 30.14-19 (362, Pisais) [periph., epan., fixd., metr., anhyp.]; 44.26-27 (158, PtolEu)?; 46.14-18 (183, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., interest, install., anhyp.]; 51.7-10 ll. 9-10 (138-161, ArsN) [ind.fut., av.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd.]; 62.1 (204, UP) [anhyp.]; 70.10-13 (VII, Herm) [rc., \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, no excuse, kindyn.]; 72.7-14 (128\/9, HermN) [ind.fut., av.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9; fixd.]; 81.9-10 (103, Herm) [imp.aor., fixd., cash, qual.]; 82.4-10 (82\/3, HermN) [rc., av.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., metr., ship., no excuse]; 94.10-14 (491, Herm) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., qual., no excuse]; III<\/strong> 280.14-22 (514, Aphr) [rc., ind.fut., oc., metr., ship., no excuse]; 300.10-16 (597, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., initc., no excuse, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; 313.9-14 (449, Epokion Iliou) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; 316.15-17 (II, Phil) [imp.aor., kephal., grain, metr., fixd]; 343.5-9 (V, Herm) [\u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; P.Fouad<\/span><\/strong> I 44.18-19 (44, Ox) [inf.fut., daneion, atok.]; 45.5-8 (153, Alex) [ed.: quos et red\u0323d\u0323a\u0323m\u0323 stipendio [proximo]; cum usuris legitimis; sine controuersia]; 47.12-17 (47, ArsN) [imp.aor., daneion, tok., fixd.]; 49.8-14 (100, Teb) [epan., inf.fut., kephal., fixd., qual., no delay]; 50.8-10 (Iend<\/sup>, Teb?) [epan., inf.fut.]; 51.15-24 (126, Teb) [epan., inf.fut., kephal., tok., fixd., no excuse]; 52.11-14 (after 1\/3\/272, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Freib.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 12b.3-6 (172-162A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [daneion, tok., imp.aor., fixd.] ; 36.9-11 (179\/8A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [imp.aor., within]; P.Gen.<\/span><\/strong> I 8bis.8-14 (140\/1, Dionysias) [lachanospermon, imp.aor., fixd., anhyp.]; 9.1.10-11 (252, Phebichis) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 9.2.10-14 (252, Phebichis) [ind.fut., anhyp.]; 24.16-19 (96, Apias) [imp.aor., fixd.]; 43.10-12 (227, PtolEu) [rc., ind.fut., \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, fixd., grain and cash; metr.; loc.]; II<\/strong> 106.7-9 (153\/4, UP) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; IV<\/strong> 192.15-19 (532, HerakN) [periph., ind.fut.. fixd., anhyp., \u1f10\u03be \u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd]; 194.17-21 (556, ArsPol) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., \u1f10\u03be \u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd]; 196.1-3 (VIIs<\/sup>, UP); P.Genov.<\/span><\/strong> I 36.5-7 (VI\/VII, UP) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, \u1f00\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u1f77, fixd.; no excuse]; 62.16-19 (98, Ox) [ind.fut., no excuse]; P.Grenf.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 10.13-15 (174A<\/sup><\/span>, Diospolis Magna) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd., qual., akind., metr., ship.]; 18.13-19 (131A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 20.9-11 (127A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd.]; 23.7-14 (117A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd., qual., ship.]; 28.1-4 (108A<\/sup><\/span>, Krok) [qual., metr., ship.]; 29.6-9 (105A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd.]; 31.2-9 (101\/0A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd., qual., ship.]; II<\/strong> 18.10-13 (127A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 21.9-12 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd.]; 24.9-15 (105A<\/sup><\/span>, Krok) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u1f79\u03bd]; 27.8-10 (103A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd.]; 29.11-19 (102A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 72.7-8 (308, Kysis) [rc., ind.fut., interest]; 89.4-5 (510\/525, Apol) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, initc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd]; 90.10-18 (VI, Apol) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; initc.; \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2; wine: qual.; metr.; no excuse; kind.]; P.Hamb.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 2.11-16 (59, Babylon, Heliopolites) [rc., fut., fixd., atok., qual., akind.]; 30.24-28 (89, Phil) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd, imp.aor.]; 32.9-12 (120, Kerkeuris) [rc., ind.fut., within, no excuse]; 55.13-15 (241, PtolEu) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr.]; II 183.6-9 (251A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [rc., ind.fut., hemiolia]; 232.1-2 (VI, Aphr) ?; III<\/strong> 233.13 (531, Aphr) [\u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; IV<\/strong> 266.11 (507, HermN) (second fragment) [rc., ind.fut., \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u1fb3]; P.Harr.<\/span><\/strong> I 84.6-10 (I?, UP) [av.: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, kephalaion, interest, initc., anhyp.]; 85.12-16 (117, Ox) [ind.fut., tok., periodically; \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03bc\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd; kephal., fixd.]; 86.9-11 (444, OxN) [av.: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, kephal., interest, anhyp.]; 88.23-28 (V, UP) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 145.1-2 (363\/4, OxN) [anhyp, no excuse]; P.Heid.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 239.2.7-12 (163, PtolEu) [ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; X 448.11-14 (125\/6, Ankyron) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; P.Herm.<\/span><\/strong> 65.12-13 (553\/4, HermN) [rc., akind., epan., ind.fut., loc., initc.]; P.Hib.<\/span> I<\/strong> 86.17-21 (248A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [av.: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, kephal., interest, anhyp.]; 88.9-12 (263A<\/sup><\/span>, HerakN?) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 124.17 (c. 250A<\/sup>,<\/span> OxN) [ind.fut., \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf]; II<\/strong> 210.8-11 (c. 250A<\/sup><\/span>-240A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [imp.aor., grain, qual., fixd., metr.]; P.Horak<\/span><\/strong> 23.4-6, 14 (148\/9?, ArsN) [imp.aor.]; \u00a0P.Iand.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 44.3-7 (VI\/VII, UP) [rc., akind., epan., ind.fut., loc., initc., kind.]; 48.18-23 (582, Ox) [rc., akind., epan., ind.fut., initc., anhyp., kind.]; IV<\/strong> 60.1-4 (III\/IV, UP) [ind.fut., av.: \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9; initc.; anhyp.]; P.Ifao<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 12.1-2 (197, Ox); 14.7-10 (140, Ox) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 25.10-16 (98-102, Teb) [epan., inf.fut.]; 28.9-11 (II, UP); III<\/strong> 1.7-9 [ind.fut.]; P.Jena<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 17.14-20 (515?, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; install.; \u1f00\u0323\u03c4\u0323[\u03bf\u03ba\u1f76]; anhyp.; no excuse]; P.Kell.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 18.8-10 (c. 350, Kellis) [\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9; fixd.]; 40.12-17 (306\/7, Kellis) [ind.fut., av.: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9; initc., anhyp., no excuse]; 42.20-25 (364, Kellis) [initc.; \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, interest, no excuse, \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03c2]; 43.13-15 (374\/387, Kellis) [rc., ind.fut., no excuse, initc.]; 44.15-16 (382 Kellis) [oc., ind.fut., metr.]; 45.10-17 (386, Kellis) [\u1fa7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1fc6\u03c2, fixd., no excuse]; 47.8-12 (IV?, Kellis); 49.8-10 (304, Kellis) [ind.fut., \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7]; P.K\u00f6ln<\/span> III<\/strong> 151.15-26 (423 KynopN) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9: fixd., two installments]; 153.6-7 (after 524, Antin) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; fixd.; \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03b2\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03c2]; 154.6-10 (VI, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u1ff6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9, fixd., no excuse]; 158.22-26 (599, Herak) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; V<\/strong> 218.10-11 (215\/4a<\/sup><\/span> UP) [imp.aor., kephal., fixd.]; 220.17-20 (208A<\/sup><\/span>\/191A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN) [rc., av.: \u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9; fixd.]; VIII<\/strong> 350.29-35 (143A<\/sup><\/span>, Krok) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; XIII 519.4-6 (158A<\/sup><\/span>, HerakN); XIV<\/strong> 583.14-17 (Vf<\/sup>, OxN) [kephal., akind., epan., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 585.2-4 (461\/2, HerakN);; XV<\/strong> 611.3-7 (before 8A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [imp.aor., fixd., no delay]; 614.16-17 (138-160, Stratonos) [rc., ind.fut., initc., \u1f00\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2]; 630.11-15 (Vs<\/sup>?, Antin) [ind.fut., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf[<\/span>|\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u0323\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1[\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, no excuse]; XVI<\/strong> 642.11-13 (256A<\/sup><\/span>, HerakN?) [tok.: imp.praes., daneion: initc. (notice)];\u00a0P.Kramer<\/span><\/strong> 13.5-8 (c. 546, ArsPol?) [rc., ind.fut.]; P.Kron.<\/span><\/strong> 7.13-15 (106, Teb) [rc., ind.fut.]; 8.14-15 (109, Teb) [rc., periph.]; 9.13-18 (111, Teb) [epan., inf.fut., no excuse]; 15.1-7 (116\/7 or 135\/6, Teb) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 16.3-22 (138, Teb) [epan., inf.fut., with interest, fixd., no excuse]; 17.16-18 (140, Teb) [periph, ind.fut., epan., fixd., anhyp.]; 22.8-11 (II, Teb) [periph, ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 23.2?-7 (II, Teb); P.Laur.<\/span> III<\/strong> 75.19-27 (574, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03c9\u03bd, fixd., anhyp., kind.]; P.Leid.Inst.<\/span><\/strong> 17 side II a ll. 10-11 (IVm<\/sup>, UP) [rc., ind.fut., \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, monthly, anhyp.]; 25.9-10 (95\/6, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 26.7-9 (I, UP) [rc., ind.fut., initc.]; 66.8-10 (427, Ox) [rc., akind., epan., ind.fut., initc., anhyp.]; P.Lips.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 10.1.5-2.11, ll. 1.9-11 (178, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., within, anhyp.]; 11.3-5 (247, Herm ?) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 12.16-18 (III\/IV, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., install.]; 13.17-18 (364, Herm) [ind.fut., initc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; II<\/strong> 128.11-17 (19A<\/sup><\/span>, Talithis) [imp.aor., grain, qual., metr., ship.]; 135.7-11 (98\/9, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., surety, no excuse]; P.Lond.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 113.6c.27-35 (620 or 635, ArsPol) [periph., ind.fut., oc., loc., \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03b2\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03c2]; II<\/strong> 218.4-8 (111A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., qual., ship., metr.]; 225.6-13 (118A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [daneion, imp.aor., grain, qual., ship.]; 277.10-13 (23, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 298.14-22 (124, PtolEu) [epan., inf.fut., initc., no excuse]; 308.14-17 (145, Herakleia) [periph., imp.aor., fixd., anhyp.]; 310.14-16 (146, Pelousion) [rc., inf.fut., initc., no excuse]; 311.8-10 (149, Herakleia) [periph., imp.aor., fixd., anhyp.]; 336.18-20 (167, PtolEu) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; III<\/strong> 870.5-6 (IV, Panop) [ind.fut., initc., anhyp., epan.]; 939.10-13 (225, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 943.7-9 (227, Herm) [rc., av.: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, initc., anhyp.]; 975.11-14 (314, UP) [av.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, metr., fixd., anhyp.]; 976.1-7 (315, UP) [rc., ind.fut., av.: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, fixd., anhyp., qual., metr., place]; 1037.10-12 (VI, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; oc.] 1168.10-11 (44, Herm) [imp.aor., parach.]; 1203.4-5 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [opheilema, imp.aor., fixd.]; 1243.11-13 (281m<\/sup>, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 1273.5-9 (28\/9, UP) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., initc.]; 1319.11-12 (544, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; V<\/strong> 1661.14-19 (553, Aphr); <\/span>1687.11-14 (523, Aphr) [rc., ind.fut., oc., no excuse]; 1716.1-5 (570, Antin) ; 1736.12-18 (611, Sy) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, initc., metr., kind., no excuse]; 1737.10-13 (613, Sy) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, initc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2; no excuse]; 1766.10-13 (559, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, fixd., \u1f00\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u1f77, anhyp., no excuse]; 1772.15-21 (VI, HermN); VII<\/strong> 1986.7-8 (252A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [<\/span>imp.aor., daneion, initc.]; P.Louvre<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 16.4-6 (41-54, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; 17.12-15 (II, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; 18.13-15 (141, SokN) [ind.fut., kephal., tok., fixd., anhyp.]; 19.13-15 (216, PtolEu) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; II<\/strong> 110.11-13 (139-160, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., allel., initc., no excuse]; P.Mert.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 6.17-22 (77A<\/sup><\/span>, Nestou Epoikion) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd., qual., ship.] ; 25.9-12 (214, OxN) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 36.10-14 (360, Ox) [rc., qual., epan., ind.fut., fixd.]; 37.8-10 (373, PtolE) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., metr.]; II<\/strong> 67.15-20 (130, PtolEu) [rc., ind.fut., allel., initc., no excuse]; 78.11-14 (131, Herak) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; III<\/strong> 110r<\/sup>.17-21 (154, Teb) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 188.17-18 (120, Bac) [imp.aor., exp., pistis]; 189.19-20 (123, Bac) [imp.aor., exp., pistis]; 191.22-24 [with no. 192] (60, Ox) [epan., inf.aor., atok., initc.-within]; V<\/strong> 241.15-23 ll. 22-23 (46, Teb); 241.39-45, ll. 42-44 (46, Teb); 328.2.13-16 (29\/30, Teb) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 329.12-22, ll. 19-22 (40\/41, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 331.1-2 (41, ArsN) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03c9, no excuse]; 332.25-28 (47\/8, Teb) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 333.19-30, ll. 25-28 (52, Teb) [daneion, cash, imp.aor., fixd.]; 335.2.14-16 (c. 56, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 336.4-5 (27, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; IX<\/strong> 566.1-7 (86, Hiera Nesos) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 567.16-18 (78, Kar) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 568.3-21 (90, PtolEu) [epan., inf.fut., fixd.]; 570.14 (105\/6, Kar) [ind.fut.]; 571.10-12 (96, Kar) [rc., ind.fut.]; 573.11-13 (316, Kar) [rc., epan., allel., fixd., no excuse]; X<\/strong> 585.20-23 (87, Bac) [imp.aor.]; 587.34-35 (24\/5, Teb) [imp.aor.]; XI<\/strong> 606.8-12 (224, Thead) [epan., inf.fut., kephal., atok., fixd., anhyp.]; 607.17-24 (569, Antin) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; initc.; no excuse]; 614.19-20 (c. 258\/9, Ox) [no excuse]; XII<\/strong> 635.19-20 (71, Bac) [imp.aor.]; XIII<\/strong> 669.9-15 (529\/544, Aphr) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, initc., interst, no excuse]; XV<\/strong> 728.3-5 (IV\/V UP) [rc., epan., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; XVIII<\/strong> 771.14-23 (195A<\/sup><\/span>, Oxyrhyncha) [ac., ind.fut., oc.]; 792.18-20 (221, Ox) [inf.fut.]; P.Mich.Inv.<\/span><\/strong> 1354.16-19 (289, PtolEu); 4346+4446f l. 20 (15\/17, Thead?);\u00a0P.Michael.<\/span><\/strong> 9.a.9-12 (c. 92, OxN) [rc., epan., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, fixd., no excuse]; 35 b.4-10, 10-13 (VI\/VII?, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, grain, metr.; fixd., ship.]; 44.15-16 (527, Aphr) [ind.fut., oc.]; P.Mil.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 56.12-14 (V, OxN) [no excuse; epan.]; 57.11-14 (74, Thead) [rc., inf.fut. fixd., no excuse]; 58.6-10 (IIend<\/sup>\/IIIb<\/sup>) [ic., epan., ind.fut., kephal., tok., anhyp.]; II<\/strong> 49.9-10 l. 10 (I, ArsN); P.Mil.Vogl.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 68.15-17 (154, Teb) [rc., periph., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 108.6-10 (103, Teb) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; IV<\/strong> 243.7-12 (263, UP) [rc., ind.fut., install.]; P.Monts.Roca<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 78.18-19 (49-54, Ox) [ed.: \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u0323[\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, imp.aor.]; 83.3 (III\/IV, Ox); 86.3 (VIII, UP) [fixd.]; P.M\u00fcnch.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 3.16-22 (580, Sy); III<\/strong> 94.9-12 (98-102, PtolEu) [daneion, cash, tok., imp.aor., fixd.]; 96.20-22 (158, PtolEu) [rc., ind.fut., allel., anhyp.]; 97.14-16 (161-180 SokN) [periph., imp.aor. fixd.]; 98.23-27 (593\/4, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, fixd., \u1f00\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u1f77, anhyp.]; P.NagHamm.<\/span><\/strong> 63.1-4 (341, Diospolis Parva?) [metr., hemiolia, no excuse]; 64.10-14 (346, Diospolis Parva) [rc., ind.fut., oc., metr., no excuse]; P.Naqlun<\/span> II<\/strong> 22.15-17 (623, Eleusine\/Naqlun) [ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Narm.2006<\/span><\/strong> 2.15-18 (40?, Narmouthis) [ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; P.Neph.<\/span><\/strong> 32.10-11 (344, HerakN) [no excuse, anhyp.]; P.NYU<\/strong> I<\/strong> 22.9-14 (329, Kar) [rc., epan., ind.fut., surety, metr., qual.]; 23.9-12 (326\/7, Kar) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., qual., anhyp.]; 24.6-10 (373, Kar) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., qual., anhyp.]; II<\/strong> 23.8-10 (326, Kar) [periph, ind.fut., fixd.]; 24.7-8 (III, Phil) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., qual., anhyp.]; 25.10-13?, 27-31 (294?, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Oslo<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 37.10-13 (295, Phil) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 39.13-17 (146, Thead) [rc., inf.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 40a.6-8 (150, Ox) [ind.fut., \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2, fixd; no excuse]; 40b.33-35 (150, Ox) [ind.fut., kephal., fixd., tok., monthly]; 41.12-18 (331, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., within, no excuse]; III<\/strong> 131.25-29 (118, Thead) [periph., imp.aor., fixd.]; 132.11-14 (147-156, Thead?) [rc., inf.fut., fixd.]; P.Oxf.<\/span><\/strong> 10.26-27 (98-117, Thead) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd, imp.aor.]; P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 267.1-34 ll. 10-13 (37, Ox) [ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 269.1.5-8 (57, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; III<\/strong> 506.13-19 (143, Ox) [imp.aor. tok., annually, kephal., fixd., no excuse]; 507.12-17 (146, Ox) [ind.fut., kephal., \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2]; 511.8-11 (103, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., loc., anhyp.]; IV<\/strong> 836.7-16 (Before 66\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, or 15\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr., ship.]; VI<\/strong> 914.6-11 (486, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., fixd.]; 988r<\/sup>.1.1-13, 2.25-35 (224, Ox) [ind.fut., kephal., \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2, fixd., qual., no excuse]; VII<\/strong> 1039.9-11 (210, Ox) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, no excuse, initc.]; 1040.12-20 (225, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., allel., fixd., qual., metr.]; 1041.13-17 (381, Ox) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9, fixd.]; 1042.26-28 (578, Ox\/Justinopolis) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, initc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5, anhyp.]; VIII<\/strong> 1130.15-20 (unique) (484, Senokomis) [epan., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; X<\/strong> 1281.7-11 (21, Sinary) [ind.fut.]; XII<\/strong> 1471.17-22 (81, Ox) [kephal., ind.fut., within, anhyp.]; 1474.11-22 ll. 14-17(216, OxN) [ind.fut., \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f76\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5, fixd., loc., metr., no excuse]; XIV<\/strong> 1640.2.1-5 (252, Ox) [ind.fut., fixd., qual., metr., anhyp.]; 1641.9-11 (68, Ox) [ind.fut.]; 1711.9-12 (IIIl<\/sup>, Ox) [rc., epan., inf.fut., within, no excuse]; 1713.9-18 (unique) (279, Ox) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, initc.]; 1714.8-9 (285-304?, Ox) [rc., epan.]; XVI<\/strong> 1891.10-15 (495, Ox) [rc., princ.+inter., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp., no excuse]; 1892.16-25 (581, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, install., \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03c2]; 1970.22-28 (554, Ox) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9; fixd.-oc., anhyp.]; 1973.12-15 (420, Ox);<\/span> [rc., akind., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 1974.17-18 (538, Ox) [ed.: \u03ba[\u03b1\u1f76] \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 | [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1]\u03af [\u03c3]\u03bf[\u03b9], fixd.]; 1976.18-21 (582, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, oc., \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9]; 1977.5-8 (VI, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, oc., place (\u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f01\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u1fb3), no excuse];\u00a0<\/strong>XVII<\/strong> 2134.18-20 (170, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; XIX<\/strong> 2237.10-12 (498, Ox) [rc., akind., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; XXII<\/strong> 2350.1.10-21, 3.8-13 (224, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., within, \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f76\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5]; XXXIII<\/strong> 2677.5-6 (II, OxN?) [rc., ind.fut., initc., anhyp.]; XXXIV<\/strong> 2722.13-16 (154, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., fixd., \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd, monthly, kephal., no excuse]; XXXVI<\/strong> 2773.16-19 (82, Ox) [ind.fut., no excuse]; 2774.11-14 (129, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no delay]; 2775.18-23 (IIIl<\/sup>, Ox): [rc., ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; XLII<\/strong> 3049a.12-14, b.15-17 (247, Ox) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd]; XLIII<\/strong> 3146.11-17 (347, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., oc.]; XLIV<\/strong> 3198.13 (145\/6 or 170\/1, Ox); XLV<\/strong> 3266.12-16 (337, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; XLVII<\/strong> 3351.6-9 (34, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; XLIX<\/strong> 3485.9-13\u00a0 (38, Ox) [ic., imp.aor.]; LXIX<\/strong> 3493.6-9, 20-24 (175, Ox) [\u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u1f22 \u03bf\u1f37\u03c2 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b1\u1f31\u03c1\u1fc7, initc., anhyp.]; 3494.7-11, 26-31 (175, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, initc., qual., metr., loc., anhyp.]; L<\/strong> 3599.12-17 (460, OxN) [rc., akind., epan., ind.fut., allel., oc., no excuse]; LXI<\/strong> 4117.7-10 (240, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., metr., \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f76\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5]; 4124.12-14 (318, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., \u1f04\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5, no excuse]; 4125.20-23 (322, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., within, no excuse]; LXIII<\/strong> 4394.102-104, 112-123 (494, Alex) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd, anhyp., no excuse]; 4395.49-64 (499, Ox) [epan., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, surety, initc., anhyp., no excuse]; 4398.24-29 (553, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, qual., metr., epan., ind.fut., interest (\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5), fixd., kind.]; LXIV<\/strong> 4439.10-19 (258\/9, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., interest (\u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2), fixd., loc., qual.]; LXVI<\/strong> 4532.9-12 (85, Ox) [rc., imp.aor., fixd., no excuse]; 4535.30-34 (600, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, initc., anhyp., kind.]; LXVIII<\/strong> 4690.7-8 (442, Ox) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, ind.fut., epan., qual.]; LXXI<\/strong> 4826.8-10 (168\/9, Philonikou) [rc., av.: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp.]; 4828.1.14-17, 2.13-15 (195, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 4829.1.15-22? (IIIl<\/sup>, Ox) [rc., \u1f67\u03bd \u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03bf\u0323\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9]; 4831.14-20 (429, Ox) [ind.fut., kephal., interest (diaphoron), fixd., anhyp.]; 4835.15-19 (574, Ox) [fixd., no excuse]; LXXII<\/strong> 4897.10-14 (391, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 4904.9-10 (417, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 4907.9-12 (422, HerakN?) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp., no excuse]; 4930.16-20 (614, Ox) [\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, anhyp.]; LXXV<\/strong> 5052.6-22 (86\/7, Ox) [earlier debt: inf.fut., fixd., princ.+interest, no delay]; 5070.11-15 (605\/6 or 620\/1, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, oc., anhyp.]; LXXVII<\/strong> 5109.18-37 (c. 161\/2, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp., loc., qual., metr., ship., no excuse]; 5122.12-20 (552, Ox) [rc., akind., epan., ind.fut., install., anhyp.]; 5124.18-23 (579-595, Ox) [ind.fut., initc.]; LXXVIII<\/strong> 5173.7-10 (25\/6, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no delay]; LXXIX<\/strong> 5211.1.11-13 (303, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., within, no excuse]; P.Oxy.Hels.<\/span><\/strong> 30.9-14 (77, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; 31.8-10 (86, Ox) [rc., imp.aor., fixd.]; 36.3-5 (167, Ox) [ind.fut., tok., monthly, kephal., fixd., no excuse]; 43.14-21 (III, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., install.]; P.Panop.<\/span><\/strong> 21.8-11 (315, Panop) [rc., fut,ind., fixd., \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f76\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5, no excuse]; P.Petaus<\/span><\/strong> 31.6-10 (183\/4, Kar) [rc., ind.fut., allel., fixd., anhyp.]; 32.4-5 (184\/5, UP) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; P.Petr.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 55a.10-11 (235\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Krok?) [imp.aor., daneion, within]; P.Pintaudi<\/span><\/strong> 33.12-14 (IVl<\/sup>, Antin); [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, initc., no excuse]; P.Prag.<\/span> I<\/strong> 31.12-14 (148, Herakleia) [rc., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; 32.14-16 (157, Herakleia) [periph., imp.aor.]; II<\/strong> 165.1-4 (VI, ArsPol) [ind.fut.]; 166.1-4 (VI\/VII, ArsPol) [rc., ind.fut., metr., \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03b2\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03c2]; 167.10-12 (580 or 595, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., initc.]; 169.2-10 (VI, ArsN?); III<\/strong> 218.6-9 (c. 610\/1?, Ars\u039d) [periph., ind.fut., metr.]; P.Princ.<\/span> II<\/strong> 32.10-13 (99\/100, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 33.15-19 (126, UP) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 87.20-21 (612, Ox) [rc., \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9]; III<\/strong> 142.8-12 (I\/II, Teb ?) [epan., inf.fut., kephal., tok., fixd.]; 145.1-9 (VI, UP) [\u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, anhyp., kind.]; P.Rain.Cent.<\/span><\/strong> 86.16 (381, HerakN) [rc., ind.fut.]; P.Rein.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 105.6-7 (432, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., kephal., tok., fixd.]; 106.9-12 (51, Euh) [imp.aor., fixd., no excuse]; P.Ross.Georg.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 36b.12-14 (c. 130-150, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., kephal., tok., fixd.]; III<\/strong> 53.11-13 (674\/5, ArsPol) [ind.fut., initc., kind.]; V<\/strong> 35.1-2 (VI, Aphr) [ind.fut., allel.]; P.Ryl.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 160c.2.21-23 (32, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 160d.2.13-16 (42, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 173.4-5 (134, UP) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.,]; 173a.13-18 (99, Teb) [epan., inf.fut., princ.+interest, fixd., no delay]; 175.19-23 (168, Thead) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 177.5-7 (246, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., allel.]; IV<\/strong> 586.15-20 (99A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [imp.aor., princ.+interest, fixd.]; 587.15-17 (87A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [daneion, tok., imp.aor., fixd.]; 602.7-9 (25A<\/sup><\/span>, Kar) [daneion, tok., imp.aor., fixd.]; 662.13-14 (364, Antin) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, initc., no excuse]; P.Sakaon<\/span><\/strong> 49.14-15 (314, Thead) [rc., ind.fut., oc.]; 64.9-11 (307, Thead) [epan., periph., ind.fut., kephal., fixd., anhyp.]; 65.11-12 (328, Thead) [periph., ind.fut., anhyp., within]; 66.8-10 (328, Thead) [epan., periph., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 96.10-14 (303, Thraso) [epan., inf.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Sarap.<\/span><\/strong> 13.8-11 (102, MagdMir) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 14.7-10 (103, MagdMir) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 16.3-6 (105\/6, HermN) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., metr., no excuse]; 17.5-8 (114, MagdMir) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 19.7-10 (118, MagdMir) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; P.Sch\u00f8yen<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 32.13 (532, Seryphis) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; P.Select.<\/span><\/strong> 1.9-10 (454, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd.] 3.15-18 (155, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., no delay]; 7.7-9 (314, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., within, no excuse]; P.Sorb.<\/span> I<\/strong> 17.9-13 (scr.int.), 10-14 (scr.ext.) (257A<\/sup><\/span>, Mermertha) [imp.aor., grain, qual., metr., ship., fixd.]; P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 13.11-15? (138-161, Herakleia) [periph., imp.aor., no excuse, within]; 52.6-9 (151, Herm) [daneion, princ.+interest, imp.aor., fixd., qual.]; 54.11-13 (153\/4, Ox); [ind.fut.: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, metr., initc.]; II<\/strong> 92.12-15 (244\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [imp.aor., exp.]; III<\/strong> 143.16-19 (211, UP) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 147.8-12 (54-68, HermN?) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; IV<\/strong> 204.21-24 (161-169, PtolEu) [rc., ind.fut., allel., fixd.]; 209.14-18 (152, Dionysias) [rc., ind.fut., allel., fixd., no excuse]; 225.25-33, ll. 30-32 (II, ArsN) [rc., imp.aor., fixd.]; 230.15-18 (143\/4, Phil) [rc., imp.aor., fixd.]; 256.6-10 (132, Selilais) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 278.10 (316, UP) [periph.]; 289.1-3 (48, UP); 293.13-16 (138-161, Berenikis Aigialou) [allel., daneion, kephal., tok., imp.aor., fixd.]; V<\/strong> 303.1-2 (161-169, UP) [rc., ind.fut.]; 344.1-4, 11-13 (hyp.) (II, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., install.]; 374.8-13 (II, UP) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., qual., metr., no excuse]; 382.4-8 (94, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 383.10-12 (147-155, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 437.12-16 (121, Bac) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; VI<\/strong> 525.10-12 (98-117, Bac) [periph., fixd.]; 588.1-10 (II, OxN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., loc., gain, qual, \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5, no excuse]; VII<\/strong> 620v<\/sup>.2-12 (V, UP) [fixd., no excuse]; 636.5-6 (III, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 646.9-10 (117-138, ArsN); 659.4-5 (VI, ArsPol); 663.3-5 (57\/8, Herm) [rc., ind.fut.]; 698.1-9 (VI, UP) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, within, interest, no excuse]; VIII<\/strong> 732.5-7 (228\/9, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., within, anhyp.]; 746.13-15 (hyp.) (II, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 748.1-3 (III UP) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 776.2-4 (IV, HermN ?) [fixd., anhyp.]; 799.2-5 (VI, Herm) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9]; IX<\/strong> 817.11-13 (IV Herm ?) [fixd., anhyp.]; 826a.al.5 (96-98, SokN) [periph., inf.fut., fixd.]; 835.5-7 (136\/7 or 157\/8 or 180\/1, ArsN) [periph., anhyp.]; P.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 312.12-18 (123\/4, Teb) [epan., inf.fut.]; 384.7-11, 25-32 (10, Teb) [ind.fut., oc.]; 386.19 (12A<\/sup><\/span>, Hiera Nesos) [rc., ind.fut.]; 387.8-13 (73, Teb) [rc., inf.fut., initc., no excuse]; 388.17-24 (98, Teb) [inf.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 389.13-16 (141, Teb) [rc., inf.fut., interest]; 390.17-19 (167, Teb) [periph., ind.fut., fixd.];\u00a0III.1<\/strong> 815.2v<\/sup>.1.15-22, ll. 20-21 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb); 817.17-18 (182A<\/sup><\/span>, Krok) [daneion, imp.aor., within]; 818.20-22 (174a<\/sup><\/span>, Trikomia) [imp.aor., daneion, tok., fixd.]; III.2<\/strong> 970.14-15 (IIeA<\/span><\/sup>, Krok) [imp.aor., daneion, fixd.]; P.Tebt.Pad.<\/span><\/strong> 16.7-12 (9A<\/sup><\/span>-1A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [rc., ind.fut., metr.]; 20.8-9 (98-117); P.Tebt.Tait<\/span><\/strong> 49.b (89, PtolEu); P.Tebt.Wall<\/span><\/strong> 1.13-17 (98-138, Teb) [epan., inf.fut., princ.+interest, anhyp., fixd.]; 2.3-7 (83\/4, Teb) [epan., princ.+interest, no excuse, fixd.]; 9.14-16 (33, Teb) [rc., inf.fut., initc., no excuse]; P.Upsala<\/span><\/strong> 94.8-12 (408, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd.]; P.Ups.Frid<\/span><\/strong> 3.1-25, ll. 6-8 (122, Ox) [inf.fut., kephal., tok., fixd., no excuse]; P.Vars.<\/span><\/strong> 10.1.11-13 (155, Ptolemais Drymu) [princ., tok., imp.aor., fixd., anhyp.]; 10.2.23-28 (155, PtolEu) [rc., inf.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 37.1 (III, UP) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Vind.Bosw.<\/span><\/strong> 12.9-12 (286\/7, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Vind.Sijp.<\/span><\/strong> 12.17-21 (184, PtolEu) [inf.fut., kephal., fixd., anhyp.]; 13.11-14 (372, Herak) [rc., ind.fut., install., anhyp., no excuse]; 15.10-12, 15-19 (IV, Herm) [inf.fut.: av\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd, \u1f00\u03bc\u03ad\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2]; P.Vind.Tand.<\/span><\/strong> 22.12-16 (64, Nilopolis) [rc., imp.aor., fixd.]; 23.4-6, 29-31 (225, HerakN) [rc., ind.fut.]; P.Vind.Worp<\/span><\/strong> 10.1-3 (143\/4, SokN ?) [inf.fut., fixd.]; P.Warr.<\/span><\/strong> 10.13-19 (591\/2, Ox) [rc., akind., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp., no excuse]; P.Wash.Univ.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 22.6-10 (IVe<\/sup>, UP) [rc., qual. (grain), metr., epan., ind.fut., no excuse]; P.Wisc.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 10.10-14 (468, Ox) [rc., akind., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp., no excuse]; P.Worp.<\/span><\/strong> 30.2-4 (V\/VI, Herm) [ind.fut.]; P.Yadin<\/span><\/strong> 11.6-7 (scr.int.), 20-22 (scr.ext.) (124, En Gedi) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 17.7-9, 26-29 (128, Maoza); P.Yale<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 60.6-9 (6\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [ind.fut., no excuse, fixd.]; 64.15-19 (74\/5, Ox) [imp.aor., initc. (notice)]; PSI<\/strong> I<\/strong> 42.6-12 (IV, Theoxenis) [periph., epan., ind.fut., fixd., metr., anhyp.]; 63.23-30 (624?, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, fixd.]; III<\/strong> 239.17-21 (601, Ox) [rc., \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, within]; IV<\/strong> 389.5-6 (243A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil); [imp.aor., daneion, install.]; V 470.5-9 (102\/3. Herm); VI<\/strong> 699.8-11 (III, Ox) [rc., initc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, no excuse]; 701.22-25 (III, AphrodN) [rc., epan., inf.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 702.1-8 (III, Ox) [grain, qual., metr., no excuse]; VIII<\/strong> 799.2-3 (VI, Herm) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9]; 908.2.18-22 (42\/3, Teb) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 921.12-13 (143\/4, Thead) ]<\/span>rc., ind.fut., initc., anhyp.]; 929.14-18 (111, ArsN); [metr., fixd., no excuse]; 962a.11-15 (131\/2, UP) [kephal., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, within]; 964.10-18 (520\/1 or 535\/6 or 550\/1, OxN) [rc., interest, kephal., epan., ind.fut., surety]; IX<\/strong> 1028.11-13 (15, Teb) [rc., imp.aor., fixd., ship.]; 1051.5-17 (26, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 1068.12-16 (246, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., kephal., interest, fixd.]; X<\/strong> 1131.17-20 (41, PtolEu) [imp.aor., daneion, interest, fixd.]; 1142.18-21 (154, Teb) [periph, ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; XII<\/strong> 1253.7-13 (186, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., within (\u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9), interest]; XIII<\/strong> 1311.17-20 (136A<\/sup><\/span>, Berenikis Thesmophorou) [imp.aor., daneion, interest, fixd.]; 1319.2.51-56 (76, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; XIV<\/strong> 1427.12-16 (565, Ox) [akind, epan., ind.fut., interest, initc.]; RMO<\/span><\/strong> 1976\/4.36.5-8 (VI?, Herm?) [rc., \u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9]; SB<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 4370.15-16 (229 HerakN) [rc. inf.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 4498.19-21 (I, ArsPol) [periph., ind.fut., initc., anhyp.]; 4501.6-8 (V, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., fixd.]; 4652.2-4 (304 Oasis Magna) [ind.fut., interest]; 4771.1-5? (IV-VII, ArsN); 4785.6-8 (IV-VII, ArsPol) [periph.]; 4788.4-6 (IV-VII, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut.]; 5243.8-10 (7 SokN) [imp.aor.]; 5244.7-10 (8a<\/sup><\/span> SokN) [imp.aor., fixd., interest, no excuse]; 5285.15-20 (607, PanopN) [kind., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, initc., no excuse]; 5664.5-6 (I-III, Thebes?) [rc., ind.fut., within]; 5690.3-7 (VI\/VII, ArsPol) [periph., ind.fut., install.]; III<\/strong> 7169.6-26 ll. 13-14 (II UP) [daneion, imp.aor.]; 7170.2-4 (IIa<\/sup><\/span> UP) [daneion, tokoi, imp.aor., fixd.]; 7201.15-19 (553, Aphr) [\u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u1f00\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u1f77, no excuse]; IV<\/strong> 7358.11-13 (277-282, Kar) [inf.fut., anhyp.]; 7466.11-16 (147, Thead) [periph., imp.aor., fixd., anhyp.]; 7467.9-12 (221, Phil) [rc., epan., ind.fut., anhyp., fixd.]; V<\/strong> 7532.13-15 (74A<\/sup><\/span>, Nilopolis) [daneion, tok., imp.aor., fixd.]; 7535.13-15 (198\/9, PtolEu) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd, initc., no excuse]; VI<\/strong> 9155.6-9 (223, ArsN) [ind.fut., qual., fixd.]; 9270.7-10 (337, UP) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 9284.11-14 (553, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., \u1f00\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u1f77, no excuse]; 9291.21-24 (93, Thead) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd, initc., no excuse]; 9311.9-12 (374, Kar) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., metr., place]; 9366.5-9 (124A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd., qual., ship.]; VIII<\/strong> 9764.5-7 (hyp.) (49A<\/sup><\/span>, Bac) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 9769.12-28 (VII, ArsPol) [periph., ind.fut., install., no excuse]; 9770.1-3 (511, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd., anhyp., no excuse]; 9771.15-20 (VII\/VIII, ArsPol) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03b2\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03c2]; 9772.5-9 (VI, ArsN ?) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd, fixd.]; X<\/strong> 10222.9-12 (20, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 10234.5 (hyp.) (35, Ox) [ind.fut.]; 10238.8-10 (37, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 10246.7-11 (55, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 10249.7-11 (58\/9, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., no excuse]; 10492r<\/sup>.5-7 (163, UP) [rc., ind.fut., \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2, no delay]; 10524.8-13 (531, Antin) [rc., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; 10538.16-22 (130, Teb) [periph., ind.fut., kephal., tokoi, fixd., anhyp.]; 10553.3-4 (VIend<\/sup>, Path) [hypographe; \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9, initc.]; XII<\/strong> 10782.5-12 (247\/6A<\/sup><\/span>, Ankyron Polis) [sitos, ind.fut., qual., metr., ship.]; 10786.10-15 (133, Teb) [epan., inf.fut., allel., kephal., tok., fixd., no excuse]; 10787.9-14 (133, Teb) [epan., inf.fut., allel., kephal., tok., fixd., no excuse]; 10804.23-30 (47, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., kephal., tok., fixd.]; 10810.3-4 (VI, UP) [\u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; fixd.; \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03c5\u03b8\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; 11041.5-7 (20\/1, Teb); 11058.7-9 (244A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [periph., imp.praes.]; 11059.5-7 (244A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [periph., imp.praes., install.]; XIV<\/strong> 11284.7-10 (102-116, UP) [ind.fut., daneion, fixd.]; 11385.11-13 (326, ArsN) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd.]; 11386.10-13 (288, PtolEu) [pc., ind.fut., install., no excuse]; 11491.12-16 (59, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., no excuse]; 11598.9-13 (III, UP) [rc., ind.fut., install., no excuse]; 11705.4-6 (213, ArsN) [epan., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, kephal., fixd., tok., monthly]; 12017.13-15 (156, Teb) [periph., imp.aor., fixd., anhyp.]; 12023.9-12 (II, Teb) [periph., inf.fut., allel., fixd., anhyp.]; 12088.15-20 (346, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 12105.15-19 (129, Thead) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd, initc., no excuse]; 12180.6-7 (186, Herak) [rc., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; 12190.12-15 (297, UP) [rc., epan., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd, allel., fixd.]; XVI<\/strong> 12263.11-12 (41-54 or 54-68, Teb) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 12472.12-13 (525\/6, OxN); 12690.7-12 (189, Herak?) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 12700.a. 7-8 (30A<\/sup><\/span>-14, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 12786.9-11 (502, UP) [\u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; 12812.7-8 (255A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [ind.fut., daneion]; 12954.9-13 (116, SokN) [periph., ind.fut., allel., anhyp.]; 13030.6-8 (205, Alabastrine) [rc., epan., ind.fut., within, anhyp.]; 13041.7-8 (I\/II, Ox) [imp.aor.]; 13042.15-16 (29, Ox) [\u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, imp.aor.]; XVIII<\/strong> 13154.2 (IIA<\/sup><\/span>\/IA<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [imp.aor., anhyp.]; 13167.1-4 (IIm<\/sup>, Alex) [unique]; 13228.8-9 (148-161, Haueris) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 13234.8-11 (98\/9, Haueris) [daneion, tok., imp.aor., fixd., no excuse]; 13255.19-22 (231A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholthis) [imp.aor., tokoi: install., daneion: initc. (notice)]; 13298.8-11 (566-570, Antin.) ? [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; 13974.11-12 (after 250, ArsN) [epan., inf.fut., kephalaion, tokoi, fixd., anhyp.]; XX<\/strong> 14298.8-12 (IV, UP) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd, within, no excuse]; 14425.10-12 (443, UP) [fixd.]; 14605.5-6 (V, UP) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 14970.16-18 (149, Euh) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 15043.5-8 (VI\/VII, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, oc., no excuse]; 15092.15-16 (VII, Leukogion) [periph., ind.fut.]; 15163.6-8 (II, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., metr.]; XXII<\/strong> 15240.13-19 (156A<\/sup><\/span>, Ammonias); [imp.aor., daneion: hemiolia, grain: qual., metr., hemiolia]; 15325.5-6 (176?, Kar) [periph., ind.fut.]; 15327.7-10 (III\/IV, Kar) [epan., ind.fut. kephal., tok., anhyp.]; XXIV<\/strong> 15879.1a-4 (IVf<\/sup>, Kar) [metr., qual., anhyp.]; 15881.2-5 (III\/IV, Kar) [initc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, no excuse, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd]; 15959.5-6 (VIf<\/sup>, Aphr) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 16296.3-8 l. 5; 16296.14-16, ll. 15-16; 16296.9-13, ll. 11-12 (182A<\/sup><\/span>?, UP) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; XXVI<\/strong> 16423.7-10 (210\/1, HerakN) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 16475.5-8 (V, HermN) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp.]; 16566.10-12 (41-68, ArsN) [daneion, tok., imp.aor., fixd.] ; 16567.12-14 (I\/II, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 16756.5-8 (IV\/V, UP) [kephal., akind., epan., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; XXVIII<\/strong> 16857.2 (VI, HermN); 16858.a.13-16 (507?, Herm) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., qual., no excuse]; 16873.9 (591\/2, ArsN?) [\u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; 17014.2-3 (528\/9 ?, Herak) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 17164.12-14 (70-132, Murabaat) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 17232.12-15 (484, Ox) [kephal., akind., epan., ind.fut., allel., fixd., anhyp.]; 17265.b.1.1-4, ll. 1-3 (110A<\/sup><\/span>, Path); 17265.d.11-5, l. 2 (111\/0A<\/sup><\/span>, Path); XXX<\/strong> 17667.11-13 (603,.HerakN) [periph., ind.fut., fixd.]; SPP<\/span> III<\/strong> 335.2-4 (VI, HermN?) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; IV<\/strong> p. 55-56, II ll. 8-13 (c. 136-97A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., grain, qual., fixd.]; p. 116-117 ll. 13-22 (109\/10, Euh) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., \u1f00\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03af]; XX<\/strong> 16.19-22 (193, Herak) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 45.7-10 (237, Mochchyris) [rc., \u03c6\u03c5\u03bb\u03ac\u03be\u03c9, \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, initc., no excuse, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd]; 51.6-11 (238, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., metr.]; 90.10-14 (415, HerakN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 112.3-4 (VI, ArsN) [rc., \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6, av. \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9]; 114.8-11 (421, Alex) [rc., \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd, initc.]; 123.16-19 (445, Herak) [rc., epan., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; 139.9-12 (531, ArsPol) [install., epan., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, no excuse, cash: qual.]; 146.11-13 (V\/VI, Constantinople?) [epan., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, initc., no excuse]; 261.9-11 (570, HermN) [oc., qual., no excuse]; XXII<\/strong> 24.2-4 (II, UP) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 69.5-7 (186\/7, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 82.1-2 (II, SokN) [anhyp.]; 83.13-16 (146-156, SokN); T.Varie<\/span><\/strong> 10.6-8 (VII, Thus Buserapammon, OxN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, fixd., metr., no excuse]; UPZ<\/strong> I<\/strong> 125.13-18 (89A<\/sup><\/span>, Mem) [imp.aor., daneion, within]; II<\/strong> 190.7-11 (98A<\/sup><\/span>, Thebes) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd., qual., ship.].<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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21. Settlement of Debt<\/h2>\r\n

Category: Termination<\/p>\r\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\r\n

As a matter of course, debt settlements are recorded separately from the recording of the debt. In the documents listed below, however, the scribe decided to record them on the same papyrus sheet. The text is identical in both cases. One is SB X 10246.29-33 (55 CE, Oxyrhynchos): (hand 4) \u0398\u03bf\u1ff6\u03bd\u03b9\u03c2 \u0398\u03bf\u03ce\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03c9{\u03b9} \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd | 30<\/sup> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u1f72\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u1ff6{\u03b9}. \u03a3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u0323\u03bd\u0323\u03b9\u0323\u03ba\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c2\u0323 \u1f08\u03c0\u03af\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f14\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c8\u03b1 | 31\u00a0<\/sup>\u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03b5\u1f30\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. (\u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2) \u03b2 \u039d\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 | 32\u00a0<\/sup>\u039a\u03bb\u03b1\u03c5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a3\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u0393\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6 | 33<\/sup>\u00a0\u0391\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, \u039c\u03b5\u03c7\u03b5\u1f76\u03c1 [\u03b1]. (\u2018I, Thoonis son of Thoonis, received the aforesaid principal in return and I will not proceed (against you) in any manner\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

Bibl.: Herrmann (1962): 28; Rupprecht (1971): 22.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

BGU<\/span><\/strong> I 101.32-36 (115, ArsN); P.Fay.<\/span><\/strong> 91.48-50 (99, Euh); P.Grenf.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 28.15-19 (108A<\/sup><\/span>, Krok); P.Mil. <\/strong><\/span>I<\/strong> 8.43-48 (48, Thead); P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 728.36-42 (142, Thosbis); VII<\/strong> 1041.17-19 (381, Ox); PSI<\/span><\/strong> X<\/strong> 1131.40-43 (41, PtolEu); XV<\/strong> 1533.28 (IIIe<\/sup>?, OxN); SB<\/span> VIII<\/strong> 9764.10-15 (49A<\/sup><\/span>, Bac); X<\/strong> 10234.12-18 (35, Ox); 10246.30-33 (55, Ox); XII<\/strong> 11041.16-19 (20\/1, Teb).<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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22. Failure to Return Loan<\/h2>\r\n

Category: Termination, Compensation<\/p>\r\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Eight hundred fifty-six documents that record loans stipulate the repayment of the loan. In 188 cases<\/a>, the document does not directly report the consequence of non-settlement of the debt; instead, it records, immediately after the repayment clause, the praxis<\/em>, which, when applied by the creditor, may be assumed to be the immediate consequence of non-payment. In another 349 documents\u2014116 Ptolemaic, 212 Roman, 21 Byzantine (fifth century or later)\u2014the consequences of non-payment are addressed directly. In the Ptolemaic and Roman period, \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff6 is the rule but more succinct formulations\u2014\u03b5\u1f30 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u03ae, or simply \u1f24\u2014are also encountered. The protasis<\/em> may also indicate the time (e.g., \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f61\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u1fc3 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u1fb3) and refer back to the terms of the contract (\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1f7c\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9). In 11 cases [Type1]<\/strong><\/a>, most from the late second and third centuries, the creditor is explicitly allowed to apply the praxis<\/em> in case of default. The object of the praxis<\/em> is not specified. So in BGU II 578.13-14 (189 CE, Arsinoites): \u1f67\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f74]\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd [\u03c0\u03bf]\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f11\u03bd\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2. \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff6, \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f21 \u03c0\u03c1\u1fb6\u03be\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03ba [\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f10\u03bc]\u03bf[\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03ba] | 14<\/sup> [\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4]\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ac\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u1f10\u03b3 \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 (\u2018I will undertake to repay them, including interest, in the course of one year. But if I do not repay, you will have the right to exact collection from me and from my property as if according to a court action\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

In 148 cases [Type2]<\/strong><\/a>\u2014 68 Ptolemaic, 76 Roman, 5 Byzantine\u2014the praxis<\/em> clause is preceded by an account of the object of the execution. In this case, the imperative aorist of \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u2014\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4(\u03b5)\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u2014is by far the most common, followed by \u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03c9, mostly in the future infinitive or indicative. The object of \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf-\/\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03c9 varies by the object of the loan. In 80 cases<\/a>, the [Type2]<\/a><\/strong> clause is applied in documents recording cash loans. Quite striking is the absence of fines or compensation for damages: blabe<\/em>, dapanemata<\/em>, epitimon<\/em>, and remission of penalty to the fisc are extremely rare in loans. Here, three objects may be recorded: [1]<\/strong> the principal (either \u03b4\u1f71\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd or \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u1f71\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd), which in the case of default is increased by a half (\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u1fbd \u1f21\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u1f21\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u1fb3, or as an adjective: \u1f21\u03bc\u03b9\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd); [2]<\/strong> the contractual interest, which accumulated in the duration of the loan; the rate of the contractual interest does not change after default: the debtor is still required to pay \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f01\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c2; [3]<\/strong>\u00a0interest for default, at a rate prescribed by a royal decree (\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1). In the Ptolemaic period and in Augustan Alexandria, it is set at 2 drachms per mina<\/em>; in the Roman period, it is reduced to one drachm. P.Ryl. IV 586.20-27 (99a<\/sup><\/span>, Ox), records all three objects: \u1f10[\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74] | 21<\/sup> [\u1f00\u03c0]\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1f70 \u03b3\u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u0323[\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03b1\u03c4\u03c9] | 22<\/sup> [\u0394\u03b7]\u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9 [\u1f22 \u03c4\u1ff7] | 23<\/sup> [\u03c0]\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u1ff3 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba[\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7]|24<\/sup>\u03bc\u0323\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03b4\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u1f21\u0323\u03bc\u0323\u03b9\u0323\u03cc\u0323[\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd], | 25<\/sup> \u03c4\u0323\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03cc\u0323\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f01\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5[\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5]|26<\/sup>\u03b3\u03c1\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f51\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03cc\u03bd[\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc]|27<\/sup>\u03bd\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c5\u0323 (\u2018But if he does not repay the loan as recorded, let Demetrios pay as compensation to the lenders or to whoever is joint to be entrusted with the finances of the association, the loan increased by a half, the interest itself, both those agreed upon in the contract, and those for the overtime\u2019). P.Ryl. IV 586, however, is atypical. While the principal is routinely recorded, the two types of interest rarely coincide; both are treated in 6 documents. Seventy-two documents record only the default interest; 32 others record the contractual interest only.<\/p>\r\n

Loans in kind are attested in 46 documents, mostly Ptolemaic. In this case, the creditor waives recovery of the commodity and instead receives its monetary value. Here a regional and diachronic pattern emerges: documents composed in the Ptolemaic period in the Hermopolite, Oxyrhynchite, and Arsinoite nomes record fixed per-artaba<\/em> compensation that the debtor will have to pay the creditor in case of non-delivery of the grain. This amount is sometimes increased by half. Cf., e.g., P.Dion. 13.22-25 (112 BCE, Akoris): \u1f10\u1f70\u0323\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u02bc \u1f03 | 23<\/sup> \u03b3\u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u0394\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03cd\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u039a\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u1fb6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03b9 | 24<\/sup> \u1f08\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f22 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u02bc \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u03b9\u0323[\u03bc]\u1f74\u0323\u03bd\u0323 \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u0323\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c2\u0323 [\u03c7]\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba[\u03bf\u1fe6] | 25<\/sup> \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f21\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03bb[\u03cc]\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd (\u2018If he does not repay the loan as recorded, let Dionysios son of Kephalas pay to Dionysios son of Apollonios or to his representation as a compensation as the value of each aroura three thousand bronze drachms and the half in proportion\u2019). By contrast, in Ptolemaic Upper Egypt as best attested in documentation from Pathyris, and in the Roman period throughout Egypt, the debtor must compensate the lender by paying the value, or the \u2018highest value\u2019, of the grain in the place and at the time of the intended settlement (\u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03bd, particularly \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f10\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03b9 \u1f00\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u1fb6\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03bd). This value, too, may be increased by a half or even doubled. Cf., e.g., P.Adler 15.16-20: \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff7) \u1f10\u0323\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f61\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u1ff3 | 17<\/sup> \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03b9 \u1f22 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u1fc7) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1f70 \u03b3\u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u0323[\u03bf]|18<\/sup>\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f10\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u0323\u1fc6\u0323[\u03bc\u03b1] | 19<\/sup> \u1f21\u03bc\u03b9\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u1f22 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f10\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f00\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u1fb6\u03b9 | 20<\/sup> \u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03bd) (\u2018If he does not repay the loan in the prescribed time, or does not act as recorded, let him immediately pay as a compensation in the following month the loan increased by half or its future market value\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

In 23 documents (11 Roman, 9 Ptolemaic, 2 Byzantine) [Type2a<\/strong>]<\/a>, the scribe introduces compensation for non-settlement of the debt following the same rules as in [Type2<\/strong>]<\/a> but without the praxis<\/em> clause. Cf., e.g., P.Tebt. III.1 817.27-30 (182 BCE, Krokodilopolis): \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf|28<\/sup>\u03b4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1f70 \u03b3\u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03a3\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f08\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03c9\u03b9 | 29<\/sup> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b4\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u1f21\u03bc\u03b9\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f51\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 | 30<\/sup> \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd \u1f61\u03c2 \u1f10\u03b3 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03b9 \u03bc\u03bd\u1fb6\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03bc\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f15\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4[\u03bf\u03bd]. (\u2018and if he does not repay it as stated, Sostratos shall forthwith forfeit to Apollonios the loan increased by one half and for the overtime interest at the rate of two drachmae per mina per month\u2019.) (transl.: editio princeps<\/em>, p. 317).<\/p>\r\n

In 39 documents (4 Ptolemaic, 29 Roman, 6 Byzantine) [Type3]<\/strong><\/a>, the creditor is allowed to possess, use, and occasionally claim title to some piece of property that the debtor has posted as security for repayment. Use and possession are meant in the case of default (antichresis<\/em>) and title in that of hypothec<\/em> or menein<\/em> security. Following the routine protasis<\/em>, two formulations are common: (a)<\/strong> the verb \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f73\u03c9, the debtor acting as subject and the creditor as an indirect object, following by infinitives indicating the nature of the right accorded to the latter. (b)<\/strong> \u1f14\u03be\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9 with the creditor as an indirect object, and the infinitives circumscribing his position. Cf., e.g., BGU I 339.16-22 (128, Karanis): \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd [\u03b4\u1f72] \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff6\u03b9 | 17<\/sup> [\u03c3\u03c5]\u03bd\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6 \u1f09[\u03c4]\u03c1\u1f74\u03c2 [\u03b3\u03b5]\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u1fd6\u0323\u03bd\u0323 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 | 18<\/sup> [\u1f00\u03c6] \u1f67\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u1fd6 \u1f41 \u1f09\u03c4\u03c1\u1f74\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u1f76 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c4\u03c3\u1ff6\u03bd\u03c4\u0323\u03b9\u0323\u03bd\u0323 | 19<\/sup> [\u03b4]\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u0323\u03af\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c5 \u1f10\u03b4\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u1fd6\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 | 20<\/sup> [\u00a0\u0323\u00a0\u0323]\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd [\u03ba\u03b1]\u1f76\u0323 \u1f21\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u0323\u03af\u0323\u03b1\u03c2 | 21<\/sup> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f51\u0323[\u03c0\u1f72]\u03c1\u0323 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u0323[\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd] \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f57 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf|22<\/sup>\u03b4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd (\u2018But if he does not repay the loan, Hatres allows the creditor to cultivate and benefit from the produce of three arouras<\/em> of public land that Hatres cultivates in the vicinity of Patsontis in the [ - - ] in return for the interest the hemiolia<\/em> and the public charge on their behalf until he repays the money and the wheat\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

In the Alexandrian context [Type4<\/a>]<\/strong>, instead of being ordered to pay compensation directly, the debtor is \u2018liable to seizure and detention until he pays compensation\u2019 (\u1f00\u03b3\u03ce\u03b3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9). The objects of \u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03c9 are the principal and the two types of interest specified in the discussion of [Type2]<\/strong><\/a>. Cf., e.g., BGU IV 1162.5-9 (17\/6 BCE,<\/span> Alexandria): \u03b5\u1f30 \u03b4\u1f72 \u2039\u03bc\u1f74\u203a, \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u1f50[\u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f00\u03b3\u03c9]|6<\/sup>\u03b3\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u2039\u03b5\u03c3\u203a\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u2039\u03ba\u203a\u03c4\u1fd6\u03c3\u03b1[\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03b4\u03ac]|7<\/sup>\u03bd\u03b7\u03bf\u03bd {\u03c3\u03c5} \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5(\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5) \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f40[\u03b3\u03b4\u03bf\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd]|8<\/sup>\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u1f21\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u1fb3 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b4\u02bc \u1f51\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1[\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2] | 9<\/sup> \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u2039\u03bc\u03b1\u203a \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5[\u03c2 (\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2) (\u2018Or else, let them become liable to seizure and detention until they immediately repay the loan, i.e., the thousand eight hundred silver drachms with hemiolia<\/em>, and the two-drachms interest enjoined by the diagramma<\/em> for the overtime\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

In 13 documents, the earliest dated to 86 and the latest to 247 CE [Type5<\/a>]<\/strong>, a loan of paratheke<\/em> is recorded. In this case, the clause regulating default requires the debtor to return twice the amount of the deposit as well as compensation for damages. Repayment is to take place \u2018according to the law of deposits\u2019. Cf., e.g., P.Athen. 28.21-24 (86 CE, Theadelphia): \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1 | 22<\/sup> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u1fc6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f70 | 23<\/sup> [\u03b2]\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7 \u1f00\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd | 24<\/sup> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u0323\u03ba\u0323\u1ff6\u0323[\u03bd \u03bd]\u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03b9 (\u2018Let him pay immediately as compensation double the amount of the paratheke<\/em> and compensation for damages in accordance with the law of parathekai<\/em>\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

Bibl.: Berger (1911): 103-124; Lewis (1945): 126-127; Taubenschlag (1955): 345-346; Rupprecht (1965): 90-104; Finckh (1962): 64-81, 101-102; Herrmann (1962): 27; Kastner (1962): 41-45; K\u00fchnert (1965): 70-80, 106-109, 135-138, 176-178; Packman (1983): 21-26; Tenger (1993): 19-20, 37-38, 55-56.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

C.<\/strong>: Capital\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 DI<\/strong>: Default Interest\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 I.<\/strong>: Interest<\/p>\r\n

BGU<\/span> I<\/strong> 190.2.3-5 (81-96, ArsN) [2a]; 238.1-5 (II\/III, ArsN) [2a]; 339.16-25 (128, Kar) [3; antichresis; \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f73\u03c9]; II<\/strong> 578.11-16, ll. 13-14 (189, ArsN) [1]; III<\/strong> 702 + P.Bodl.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 61a.b.2-5 (151, ArsN) [return by the surety]; 741.27-31 (143, Alex?) [3; foreclosure, hypothec; \u1f14\u03be\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9]; 856.17-22 (106, Psenyris) [5]; 910.2.23-26 (70, SokN) [2; C., I.]; 911.19-24 (18, SokN) [2]; IV<\/strong> 1053.28-39 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4]; 1054.9-15 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4; C., DI.]; 1055.31-40 (before 13A<\/sup><\/span>?, Alex) [4; C., DI.]; 1056.15-25 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4; C., I., DI.]; 1057.1-17, ll. 11-13 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4; C., I., DI.]; 1120.22-24 (by lessor) (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex); 1142.11-18 (25\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4; hemiolia or MMP, damage]; 1145.1-25, ll. 10-18 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4]; 1145.26-45 ll. 35-40 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4; C., I., DI.]; 1147.14-20 (14\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4; C., I., DI.]; 1149.27-29 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [1]; 1151.2.34-37 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4; C., DI.]; 1156.17-22 (16\/15A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4; C., DI.]; 1161.16-22 (24\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4; C., DI.]; 1162.5-9 (17\/16A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4; C., DI.]; 1166.10-12 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4; C., I., DI.]; 1170.1-23, ll. 8-11 (10A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4; C., DI.]; 1172.9-12 (9A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4; C., DI.]; 1175.8-10 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [2; C., I., DI.]; VI<\/strong> 1272.17-18 (173A<\/sup><\/span>, Hephaistias) [1]; VI 1274.10-13 (218\/7A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [2; C., DI.]; 1275.16-18 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Sephtha) [2; grain: PAA]; 1276.11-14 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [2; C., DI.]; 1277.10-12 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [2; grain: PAA]; 1278.9-12, 26-30 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [2; grain: PAA]; 1279.9-11 (IImA<\/span><\/sup>, UP); 1280.12-20 (210A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [2; C., epit.]; 1281.6-9 (IIA<\/sup><\/span>, Path?) [2; grain: MP]; VII<\/strong> 1649.15-21 (264, Phil) [1]; X<\/strong> 1961.7-9 (213\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [2; C., I.]; 1966.1-3 (246A<\/sup><\/span>-221A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN?) [2; DI.]; 1968.9-11 (184A<\/sup><\/span>, Ptolemais?) [2; C.]; 1969.6-8 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [2; grain: PAA]; 1972.9 (IImA<\/span><\/sup>, HerakN?); XI<\/strong> 2042.15-20 (105, SokN) [5]; 2043.19-21 (150, SokN) [3; C., I.]; 2044.a.21-28 (46, SokN) [2; C., I.]; 2045.18-21 (215, Thead) [1]; 2116.5-10 (25\/6, ArsN?) [2; I., DI.]; 2117.7-10 (II, ArsN?) [1]; 2118.12-15 (223, Ox) [2; I., DI.]; XIV<\/strong> 2393.14-16 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [2; grain:PAA]; 2395.18-20 (221A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [3; enoikesis, DI.]; 2396.9-11 (213\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [2]; CPR<\/span> XVIIa<\/strong> 5a.6-8 (316, Herm) [1]; XVIIb<\/strong> 4.1-8, ll. 4-6 (184\/5, Panop) [3; hypallagma]; 13.1-6, ll. 1-5 (217, Panop) [3; antichresis]; O.Bodl.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 1978.5-8 (25\/6, Thebes?) [2a; dipl.]; O.Brux.<\/span><\/strong> 13.6-9 (136\/7, 157\/8 or 180\/1, Upper Egypt?) [2; DI.]; O.Claud.<\/span> III<\/strong> 432.7-9 (137, Mons Claudianus) [3; pawn; \u1f14\u03be\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9]; O.Did.<\/span><\/strong> 135.6-10 (before 220-250, Didymoi) [DI.]; 136.1-5 (215, Didymoi); P.Adler<\/span><\/strong> 4.12-20 (109A<\/sup><\/span>, Ptolemais) [2; dipl.]; 6.13-17 (106A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2, grain: MP]; 10.13-15 (101A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2]; 15.16-20 (100A<\/sup><\/span>, Path?) [2; grain: MP]; 19.8-10 (98A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2; C., epit.]; P.Alex.<\/strong><\/span> 9.2-6 (I, ArsN?) [2a; C., dam., exp., epit., fisc]; P.Amh.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 43.11-14 (173A<\/sup><\/span>, SokN) [2]; 44.10-12 (scr.int.), 31-34 (scr.ext.) (136A<\/sup><\/span>, Philopator alias Theogenous) [2; grain: MP]; 46.8-13 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2; grain: MP]; 47.11-17 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Path?) (2) [2; grain: MP]; 48.11-16 (106A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2]; 49.3-9 (108A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [2]; 50.14-21 (106A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2 with surety; C., DI.]; 148.11-12 (487, ArsN); P.Athen.<\/strong><\/span> 21.13-16 (131, Kar) [2; C., I.]; 22.23-32 (103\/122, ArsN) [2; C., I.]; 28.20-27 (86, Thead) [5]; P.Bad.<\/strong><\/span> II<\/strong> 2.31-32 (130A<\/sup><\/span>, Hermonthis) [2a; C., I.]; 27.4-8 (316, HermN?) [2; C.]; P.Bas.<\/strong><\/span> 7.17-19 (117-138, ArsN) [3; foreclosure, hypothec; \u1f14\u03be\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9]; P.Berl.M\u00f6ller<\/span><\/strong> 4.20-27 (3, Phil) [2; grain: MP]; P.Bingen<\/strong> 40.6-7 (111\/10A<\/sup>,<\/span> Path); P.Bodl.<\/span><\/strong> 61ar<\/sup>.1-2 (151, PtolEu) [delivery by the surety]; P.Brem.<\/span><\/strong> 68.7-9 (99, Herm?) [3: foreclosure, hypothec; \u1f14\u03be\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9]; P.Cair.Goodsp.<\/span><\/strong> 8.1.5-7 (111A<\/sup><\/span>, Path); P.Cair.Masp.<\/span> II<\/strong> 67162.23-29 (568, Antin) [3: general hypothec; \u1f10\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9]; P.Cair.Zen.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 59001.11-16 (scr.int.), 37-43 (scr.ext.) (274\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Pitos) [2; C.]; II<\/strong> 59173.10-12 (scr.int.), 30-33 (scr.ext.) (255A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [2; C.]; 59182 (255A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [C.]; III<\/strong> 59340 (247A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [epit.]; P.Charite<\/span><\/strong>\u00a034.8-11 (318\/348, Herm) [2a; DI.]; P.Col.<\/strong><\/span> X<\/strong> 273r<\/sup> .22-23 (204, Ox) [2a; grain]; 287.9-13, 31-34 (326, Ox) [2]; P.Coll.Youtie<\/strong><\/span> I 50.4-9 (IIe<\/sup>, Ox) [5]; P.Corn.<\/strong><\/span> 2.12-15 (250\/49A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [2; grain: PAA]; 6.14-16 (17, Oxyrhyncha) [2; C., I.]; P.David<\/span><\/strong> 4.11-15 (167A<\/sup><\/span>\/<\/span>114A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [2a]; P.Dime<\/span> III<\/strong> 11GD.17-18 (29, SokN); P.Diog.<\/span><\/strong> 25.10-14 (132, Phil ?) [2; C., I.]; 27.11-13 (213, Phil) [1]; 30.15-21 (222-235, Phil?) [1; grain: MP]; P.Dion.<\/span><\/strong> 13.22-25 (112A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [2; grain: PAA]; 14.23-27 (110A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [2]; 15.21-24 (109A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [2]; 16.26-29 (109A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [2 with surety; grain: PAA]; 17.26-28 (108A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [2; grain: PAA]; 18.17-20 (107A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [2; grain: PAA]; 19.20-22 (105A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [2; grain: PAA]; 20.22-24 (105A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [2a; grain: PAA]; 21.20-25 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [2; grain: PAA]; 22.19-24 (111A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [2; grain: PAA]; 23.19-22 (108A<\/sup><\/span>, Herm) [2; grain: PAA]; 24.20-27 (106A<\/sup><\/span>, Herm) [2; grain: PAA]; 25.26-33 (104A<\/sup><\/span>, Herm) [2; grain: PAA]; 26.16-18 (116A<\/sup><\/span>, Herm) [2; grain: PAA]; 27.16-19 (113\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Herm) [2]; 32.14-18 (107A<\/sup><\/span>, HermN) [2]; 33.10-18 (IIA<\/sup><\/span>, HermN) [2; grain: PAA]; P.Dura<\/span><\/strong> 20.14-19 (121, Paliga) [3; antichresis]; 21.2-5 (IIf<\/sup>, Dura Europos) [1]; 22.9-12 (133\/4, Dura Europos) [1]; P.Erasm.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 14.4-7 (IImA<\/span><\/sup>, ArsN) [2a]; P.Erl.<\/span><\/strong> 72.6-7 (IV, OxN); P.Fam.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> 22.15-19 (122, Teb) [2: C., I.]; P.Fay.<\/span><\/strong> 205.11-14 (138-142, Bac) [3]; P.Flor.<\/span><\/strong> I 1.6-8 (153, Herm) [3: foreclosure, hypothec; \u1f14\u03be\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9]; 81.10-14 (103, Herm) [3: foreclosure, hypothec; \u1f14\u03be\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9]; 94.14-15 (491, Herm); III<\/strong> 313.14-16 (449, Epokion Iliou) [cash payment]; P.Fouad<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 44.24-32 (44, Ox) [3: enoikesis; C., I.]; 47.17-21 (47, ArsN) [2]; 49.14-17 (100, Teb) [3]; 52.15-16 (after 272, Ox); P.Freib.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 12b.7-11 (172A<\/sup><\/span>-162A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [2; C., I.]; P.Gen.<\/span> I<\/strong> 43.13-17 (227, PtolEu) [2; I.; grain: MP]; II<\/strong> 106.9-16 (153\/4, UP) [3: antichresis; \u1f14\u03be\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9]; IV<\/strong> 196.3-7 (VIIs<\/sup>, UP) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: monthly penalty]; P.Genov.<\/strong><\/span> II<\/strong> 62.19-28 (98, Ox) [3: foreclosure, hypothec; \u1f14\u03be\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9]; P.Grenf.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 10.15-19 (174A<\/sup><\/span>, Diospolis Magna) [2; grain: MP]; 18.19-22 (131A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [grain: MP]; 20.11-14 (127A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [1; C., DI.]; 23.14-19 (117A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2; grain: MP]; 28.5-12 (108A<\/sup><\/span>, Krok) [2; grain: MP]; 29.9-15 (105A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2; grain: MP]; 31.9-18 (101\/0A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [grain: MP]; II<\/strong> 17.4-6 (136A<\/sup><\/span>, Thebes); 18.13-18 (127A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2 with surety; C., DI.]; 21.12-25 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2; C., DI.]; 24.16-26 (105A<\/sup><\/span>, Krok) [2]; 27.10-16 (103A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2 with surety; C., DI.]; 29.19-31 (102A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2; grain: MP]; 72.9-10 (308 Kysis) [2a]; P.Hamb<\/strong>.<\/span> I<\/strong> 2.16-20 (59, Babylon, Heliopolites) [5; C., DI., epit.]; 55.15-19 (241, PtolEu) [2; grain: MP]; II<\/strong> 183.9-11 (251A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [2];\u00a0P.Hib.<\/span> I<\/strong> 86.9-12 (248A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [2a; grain: PAA]; 88.12-15 (263A<\/sup><\/span>, HerakN?) [2; C.]; 124.17-20 (c. 250A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [2; grain: PAA]; II<\/strong> 210.11-13 (c. 250A<\/sup><\/span>-240A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [grain: PAA]; P.Ifao<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 14.10-15 (140, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; P.Kell.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 47.12-18 (IV?, Kellis) [2a; I.]; P.K\u00f6ln<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 218.11-13 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [2a; C., I.]; 220.21 (208A<\/sup><\/span>\/191A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN) [hemiolion]; VIII<\/strong> 350.36-39 (143A<\/sup><\/span>, Krok) [2: grain: MP];\u00a0XV<\/strong> 611.8-11 (before 8, UP) [2; C. with hemiolia, DI.]; XVI<\/strong> 642.14-15 (256A<\/sup><\/span>, HerakN?) [2; C., I.]; 652.18-21 (183\/5, Ox) [hemiolia, D.I]; P.Kron.<\/span><\/strong> 12.11-13 (135, Teb); 16.23-34 (138, Teb) [3: paramone]; 17.18-27 (140, Teb) [3: antichresis]; P.Leid.Inst.<\/span><\/strong> 26.9-11 (I, UP); P.Lips.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 128.17-24 (19A<\/sup><\/span>, Talithis) [2; grain: MP]; 143.7-10 (169-176 or 180-192, Ox) [5]; P.Lond.<\/strong><\/span> II 218.8-13 (111a<\/sup><\/span> Path) [2; grain: MP]; 225.13-16 (118A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [2]; 311.14-18 (149, Herakleia) [2]; 1168.11-14 (44, Herm) [3: enoikesis]; 1203.6-12 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2; C., I.: grain: MP]; V<\/strong> 1716.5-12 (570, Antin) [3: security; wine]; 1766.13 (559, HermN) [3?]; VII<\/strong> 1986.8-11 (252A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [2; C.]; P.Louvre<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 17.15-19 (II, SokN) [5]; P.Meyer<\/span><\/strong> 5.2-6 (98-117, ArsN) [2; C. with hemiolia, I.]; P.Mert.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 6.22-26 (77A<\/sup><\/span>, Nestou Epoikion) [2; grain: MMP\/PAA]; 25.12-16 (214, OxN) [2; C. with hemiolia, DI.]; II<\/strong> 76 (181, Ox); III<\/strong> 109.11-16 (II, OxN) [3: foreclosure, hypothec]; P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 191.22-26 (60, Ox) [2] ; V<\/strong> 331.1-2 (41, ArsN) [2a; C., dam., exp., epit., fisc]; 333.20-21 (52, Teb) [2; C., I.]; IX<\/strong> 566.7-14 (86 Hiera Nesos) [2; C., I.]; 567.16-18 (78, Kar) [2; grain: MP]; X<\/strong> 587.30-34, 36-37 (24\/5, Teb) [2]; XI<\/strong> 614.23-25 (c. 258\/9, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; P.Michael.<\/span><\/strong> 9.a.12-24 (c. 92, OxN) [3: hypallagma]; P.Mil.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 57.14-16 (74, Thead) [2; hemiolia: I.]; P.NagHamm.<\/span><\/strong> 63.4-7 (341, Diospolis Parva?) [3: antichresis]; P.Naqlun<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 21.16-20 (585, Naqlun or Alexandrou Nesos) [1]; P.Neph.<\/span><\/strong> 32.12-16 (344, HerakN) [2: C., DI.]; P.NYU<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 23.10-15 (326, Kar) [2; I.]; P.Oslo<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 40a.8-13 (150, Ox) [3: foreclosure, menein]; 40b.36-43 (150, Ox) [3: foreclosure, menein]; P.Oxf.<\/span><\/strong> 10.29-30 (98-117 Thead) [2a]; P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 267.1-34, ll. 13-16 (37, Ox) [2; C.]; 269.1.8-12 (57, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; 506.19-31 (143, Ox) [3: foreclosure, menein]; 507.17-22 (146, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; IV<\/strong> 836.16-22 (Before 66 \/5A<\/sup><\/span> or 15\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox); VII<\/strong> 1039.11-15 (210, Ox) [5]; 1040.20-30 (225, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; VIII<\/strong> 1130.20-24 (484, Senokomis) [2; C., I.]; X<\/strong> 1281.1-2, 7-11 (21, Sinary); XII<\/strong> 1471.22-32 (81, Ox) [4; C., DI.]; 1474.11-22, ll. 17-19 (216, OxN) [2; DI.]; XIV<\/strong> 1640.2.6-9 (252, Ox) [2; DI.]; 1711.12-18 (IIIl<\/sup>, Ox) [2; DI.]; XVI<\/strong> 1892.25-36 (581, Ox) [3: antichresis]; XVII<\/strong> 2134.21-22 (170, Ox) [3: foreclosure, hypothec]; XIX<\/strong> 2237.17-19 (498, Ox) [2: DI.]; XXII<\/strong> 2350.1.21-23, 3.13-15 (224, Ox) [2: DI.]; XXXIII<\/strong> 2677.6-10 (II, OxN?) [5]; XXXIV<\/strong> 2722.16-28 (154, Ox); 2773.19-23 (82, Ox) [2; C., I.]; 2774.14-15 (129, Ox) [2; C. with hemiolion]; XLII<\/strong> 3049A.14-15; 3049B.15-17 (247, Ox) [5]; XLIV<\/strong> 3198.14-16 (145\/6 or 170\/1, Ox) [2a?; C., DI.]; XLV<\/strong> 3266.16-21 (337, Ox) [2; DI.]; XLVII<\/strong> 3351.9-13 (34, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; XLIX<\/strong> 3485.13-18 (38, Ox) [2; C. DI]; LXI<\/strong> 4117.14-16 (240, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; 4124.1.14-17, 2.15-17 (318, Ox) [2; DI.]; 4125.20-23 (322, Ox) [2; DI.]; LXIII<\/strong> 4394.137-174 (494, Alex) [2]; LXIV<\/strong> 4439.19-23 (258\/9, Ox) [2a; C., DI.]; LXVI<\/strong> 4532.12-16 (85, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; LXXI<\/strong> 4828.1.17-23, 2.15-22 (195, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; LXXV<\/strong> 5052.22-25 (86\/7, Ox) [2; C. with hemiolia, DI.]; LXXVII<\/strong> 5109.37-48 (161\/2, Ox) [2; C., DI.?]; LXXIX<\/strong> 5211.2.13-15 (303, Ox) [2; DI]; 5122.12-20 [2a]; P.Oxy.Hels.<\/span><\/strong> 31.10-17 (86, Ox) [3: foreclosure, menein]; 36.10-14 (167, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; 43.21-26 (III, Ox) [2]; P.Panop.<\/strong><\/span> 20.1 (310, Panop)?; P.Petr.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 55a.12-16 (235\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Krok?) [2; C., DI.]; P.Pintaudi<\/span><\/strong> 32.3-5 (224, Ox?) [5; C.]: 33.14-16 (IVl<\/sup>, Antin) [5]; P.Prag.<\/span> I<\/strong> 31.15-16 (148, Herakleia) [5, dipl.]; III<\/strong> 218.10-13 (c. 610\/1?, ArsN) [3]; P.Princ.<\/strong><\/span> III<\/strong> 144.13-17 (219\/20 or 239\/40, PtolEu) [3]; P.Rein.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 105.7-10 (432, Ox) [2]; 106.12-15 (51, Euh) [2; DI.?]; P.Ryl.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 160c2.23-25 (32 SokN) [2a]; 160d2.20-21 (42, SokN) [1; C., I.]; IV<\/strong> 586.20-27 (99A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [2 with surety; C., I., DI.]; 587.17-19 (87A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [2 with surety; C., I.]; 662.14-19 (364, Antin) [5]; P.Sakaon<\/span><\/strong> 64.11-15 (307, Thead) [2; DI.]; 65.12-18 (328, Thead) [2; DI.]; 66.10-16 (328, Thead) [2; DI.]; 96.14-18 (303, Thraso) [2; DI.]; P.Select.<\/span><\/strong> 7.9-11 (314, Ox) [2; DI.]; P.Sorb.<\/span> I<\/strong> 17.13-18 (scr.int.), 14-18 (scr.ext.) (257A<\/sup><\/span>, Mermertha) [2; grain: PAA]; P.Stras.<\/span> IV<\/strong> 289.3-8 (48, UP) [2; C., I., grain: MP]; V<\/strong> 383.12-14 (147-155, ArsN); 437.16-18 (121, Bac) [3: hypallagma; C., I.]; VI<\/strong> 525.12-14? (98-117, Bac) [3: antichresis; C.]; VII<\/strong> 646.10 (117-138, ArsN); 659.4-5 (VI, ArsPol); VIII<\/strong> 746.13-15 (hyp.) (II, ArsN); IX<\/strong> 817.11-13 (IV, Herm?); P.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 390.20-26 (167, Teb) [3: antichresis]; III.1<\/strong> 815.bv<\/sup>.2.30-40 ll. 36-39 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb); 817.27-30 (182A<\/sup><\/span>, Krok) [2a; C., DI.]; 818.20-22 (174A<\/sup><\/span>, Trikomia) [2a]; III.2<\/strong> 970.16-19 (IIeA<\/span><\/sup>,<\/span> Krok) [3: foreclosure, hypothec]; 980.1-4 (153A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [2a]; P.Tebt.Wall<\/span><\/strong> 1.13-17 (98-138, Teb) [3: antichresis]; 9.16-18 (33, Teb) [5]; P.Ups.Frid<\/span><\/strong> 3.1-25, ll. 8-11 (122, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; P.Vind.Sijp.<\/span><\/strong> 13.15-20 (372, Herak) [2; C.]; P.Vind.Worp<\/span><\/strong> 10.3-8 (143\/4, SokN?) [2; C., I.]; P.Yadin<\/span><\/strong> 11.7-9 (scr.int.), 22-24 (scr.ext.) (124, En Gedi) [3: foreclosure]; 17.9-15 (scr.int.), 29-38 (scr.ext.) (128, Maoza) [5]; P.Yale<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 60.9-15 (6\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; 64.15-19 (74\/5, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; PSI<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 239.21-27 (601, Ox); IV<\/strong> 389.6-7 (243A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [2; C.]; VI<\/strong> 702.8-14 (III, Ox) [2; grain: MP]; VIII<\/strong> 929.18-24 (111, ArsN) [2]; IX<\/strong> 1028.14-16 (15, Teb) [2; grain: MP]; 1051.17-18 (26, SokN) [2; C., I.]; X<\/strong> 1131.20-24 (41, PtolEu) [2 with surety; C., I.]; XII<\/strong> 1253.13-18 (186, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; XIII<\/strong> 1311.8-10 (scr.int.), 30-32 (scr.ext.) (136A<\/sup><\/span>, Berenikis Thesmophorou) [C. I.]; 1319.2.56-59 (76 SokN) [2; C., I.]; SB<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 4501.9 (V, ArsN); III<\/strong> 7169.6-26, ll. 15-16 (IIA<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [2a; C., DI.]; 7170.5-7 (IIA<\/sup><\/span>, UP); V<\/strong> 7532.16-19 (74A<\/sup><\/span>, Nilopolis) [2 with surety; C., I.]; VI<\/strong> 9155.9-12 (223, ArsN) [2; vegetable seeds: MMP]; 9270.10-15 (337, UP) [2; DI.]; 9291.24-28 (93, Thead) [4]; 9366.9-14 (124A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2a; grain: MP (hemiolion); cash: DI];\u00a0VIII<\/strong> 9770.3-7 (511, ArsN) [2; DI.]; 9772.10-17 (VI, ArsN) [2a]; X<\/strong> 10222.12-18 (20, Ox) [2 with surety; C., DI.]; 10238.13-18 (37, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; 10246.11-16 (55, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; XII<\/strong> 10787.19-21 (133, Teb) [1]; 10804.30-32? (47 SokN) [2a]; 11058.9-11 (244A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [DI.]; 11059.7-9 (244A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [2 with surety; DI.]; XIV<\/strong> 11284.10-15 (102-116, UP) [C., DI.]; 11386.13-20 (288, PtolEu) [2; DI.]; 11491.16-22 (59, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; 12017.15-23 (156, Teb) [3: antichresis]; 12088.21-25 (346, Ox) [2; DI.]; 12105.19-27 (129, Thead) [5]; 12180.7-10 (186 Herak) [5]; XVI<\/strong> 12263.12-13 (41-54 or 54-68, Teb) [2]; 12812.9-11 (255A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil); 12954.13-14 (116, SokN) [2a]; 12986.6-8 (c.131-113A<\/sup><\/span>, PathN) [2 with surety; grain: MP]; 13030.8-12 (205, Alabastrine) [4; C., I., DI.]; XIV<\/strong> 11385.14-16 (326, ArsN) [2; DI.]; XVIII<\/strong> 13234.11-12 (98\/9, Haueris) [3: restraint]; 13255.2-5, 22-24 (231A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [2; C. hemiolion, I.]; XX<\/strong> 14605.6-9 (V, UP) [2a; \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5]; 14628.2-3 (214\/5, Ox) [2: dipl.]; 15163.8-9 ( II, ArsN); XXII<\/strong> 15240.19-22 (156A<\/sup><\/span>, Ammonias) [2a; grain: MP]; 15325.6 (176?, Kar) [1]; XXIV<\/strong> 16296.1-2 ll. 1-2 [3]; 16296.3-8 ll. 5-7 [3]; 16296.9-13 ll. 12-13 (all 182A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [3]; XXVIII<\/strong> 17164.14-17 (70-132, Murabaat) [2; DI]; 17265.a.3.3-9 ll. 7-8 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2]; 17265.b.1.1-4, ll. 3-4 (111\/10a<\/sup><\/span> Path) [2]; 17265.d.1.1-5, ll. 3-4 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2]; 17265d.1.6-10, ll. 8-10 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2]; SPP<\/span> IV<\/strong> p. 116\u2013117, ll. 17-22 (109\/10, Euh) [2: DI.]; XX<\/strong> 51.11-18 (238, ArsN) [2; grain: MP]; 139.12-15 (531, ArsPol) [3: antichresis; DI.]; XXII<\/strong> 69.7-9 (186\/7, SokN) [1; DI.]; UPZ<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 125.18-28 (89A<\/sup><\/span>, Memphis) [2; C., DI., dam., breach, epit.]; II<\/strong> 190.11-14 (98A<\/sup>,<\/span> Thebes) [2; grain: MP].<\/p>\r\n\r\n

\r\n

23. Surrender of Purchased Object: Fungibles<\/h2>\r\n

Category: Surrender<\/p>\r\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\r\n

One hundred ten contracts that record the sale of fungibles detail the terms of their future surrender to the purchaser. The clause is rare in the Ptolemaic period (3) but becomes more frequent in the Roman (22), late Roman (25) and, in particular, the Byzantine period. It appears primarily in the Arsinoite (32), Oxyrhynchite (28), and Hermopolite (26) nomes. The most-recorded commodity is wine (52 documents), followed by different types of grain (29) and other crops (18). The vocabulary is identical to that used in loan contracts for the repayment of loans and in leases for the payment of rent. The key verb is \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, sometimes replaced by \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u1f79\u03c9. In the Byzantine period, the aorist tense of \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f73\u03c7\u03c9 (\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd) becomes common but never sidesteps \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9 entirely. This similarity also applies in the form of the verb: the imperative aorist in the Ptolemaic period, replaced by the future indicative and the infinitive in the Roman era and the infinitive of the aorist tense, introduced by \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1f73\u03c9 or \u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u1f77\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9, in the Byzantine period. Periphrastic construction is used in 18 cases; the object is the commodity specified in the foregoing clause. For this reason, the relative pronoun \u1f45\u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 is commonly applied, either in the neutrum plural or the singular, referring back to the entire object of sale as reported in the preceding clause, or as a qualifier to a noun: \u1f45\u03bd\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u03bf\u1f36\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd, etc. An independent clause is used primarily in the periphrastic construction (\u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd) or when the document records two types of commodities and the scribe wishes to stipulate different delivery terms for each. See in particular P.Heid. V 359 (VI\/VII CE, Oxyrhynchites) ll. 7-12: \u03c4\u1f70 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03ad\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\\\u1f70\/ | 8\u00a0<\/sup>[\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1]\u1ff3 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c3\u1ff7 \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 | 9\u00a0<\/sup>[\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6]\u03bd\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u1ff6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 | 10<\/sup> [ \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f15]\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f30\u03bd\u03b4(\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2), \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bf\u1f36\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u1f78\u03bd | 11\u00a0<\/sup>[\u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03b3\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f00\u03b4\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9]\u03c2\u0323 \u1f14\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 | 12\u00a0<\/sup>[\u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cd\u03b3\u1fc3 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u039c\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u1f74 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f78\u03c2] \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f15\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7[\u03c2] \u1f30\u0323\u03bd\u0323\u03b4\u0323(\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2) (\u2018The produce, new, clean, thrashed in your measure, I shall perforce deliver to you in the month of Pauni of the present [ - - ] year of the present sixth indictio<\/em>, and we (sic!) are prepared to provide the wine from unfermented and unadulterated vintage at the vat in the time of the vintage, in the month of Mesore of the same sixth indictio<\/em>\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

Unlike the clause that anticipates the repayment of a loan, no fungible sale contract leaves the date of delivery to the buyer\u2019s initiative. It is always set in advance, although never naming a specific day but rather the month, using the constructions encountered elsewhere (\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f77 + name of month, with or without \u1f10\u03bd; \u03c4\u1ff7 + name of month + \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f77 with or without \u1f10\u03bd). An indication of the occasion of delivery, already noticed in the repayment-of-loan clause, is much more common in the sale clause: 30 of the 110 extant documents recording sale on delivery, compared to 19 of 762 loan repayment clauses (\u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cd\u03b3\u1fc3, \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cd\u03b3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03b4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd). Sixteen documents indicate both the occasion and the date: \u1f10\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cd\u03b3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u039c\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u1f74 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f77; \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f76 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03b4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd).<\/p>\r\n

A special provision regarding the shipment of the commodity, quite frequent in Ptolemaic loans, occurs in only five surrender clauses, three of which predate the Common Era. An account of the place of delivery outside the clause is, by contrast, quite frequent, recorded in 28 of the 110 texts, compared to only 12 in loan contracts. The \u2018no delay\u2019 formulation (e.g., \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2), recorded in the present context in 306 of 762 loan contracts, appears in somewhat lower numbers in the surrender clause: 37 of 110. The place may be a facility\u2014a wine vat or a threshing floor: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd, \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u1ff6\u03b9, \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f01\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u1f10\u03c6\u1fbd \u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ce\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2; \u1f10\u03c6\u1fbd \u1f01\u03bb\u1ff7; \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a4\u03b6\u03b7\u03c1\u1f70\u03c2\u2014or a place: \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4]\u03b9\u03ac\u0323\u03b4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b1\u0323\u1f50\u0323\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2; \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f10\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u1ff3; \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ce\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2; \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03ba\u03ce\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a3\u03b5\u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c0\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9; \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2; \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2. Unique to the surrender clause are two elements: [1]\u00a0<\/strong>an account of the origin<\/strong> of the product (both geographical: \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f51\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd; \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, and periodic: \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f50\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c2 \u1f15\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f30\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2; \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bd\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd. However, no fixed pattern is observed. [2]\u00a0<\/strong>In wine sales, the supply of jars by the purchaser is stipulated in 24 documents (\u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c6\u03b1 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd).<\/p>\r\n

The clause also records the measurement unit (metron<\/em>) to be used for delivery. Its rate of occurrence, 39 of 110, is somewhat lower than that evidenced in documents recording loans in kind: 80 of 163. The rate of occurrence in sale contracts is somewhat higher if we add the documents that record the metron<\/em> in the clause pertaining to the act of sale (10 documents). This brings the total to 49 documents, almost half of the 110 documents that exhibit the surrender clause. The same obtains for quality: 34 of 110 in the case of the surrender clause in sales on delivery, 66 of 163 in the case of the return-of-fungibles loan. Here again, however, the figures are somewhat misleading: among the 78 documents that do not record quality in the surrender clause, in 42 it is recorded in the creation clause, bringing the total number of documents that prescribe quality to 76. The adverb \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2\/\u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd, recorded in 94 clauses that govern the repayment of a loan, appears in 25 surrender clauses\u2014a somewhat higher but statistically insignificant rate. Mutual-surety (\u1f10\u03be \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03bd\u03b3\u03cd\u03b7\u03c2) and kindynos<\/em> formulations, quite rare in loans, are almost entirely absent in the surrender clause.<\/p>\r\n

In 39 documents, the surrender clause is followed by a clause prescribing a penalty for non-surrender. This clause is absent in 71 documents. In chronological terms, the period down to the end of the third century features 20 cases with both clauses and only 7 without the penalty; in the Byzantine period, by contrast, only 20 documents, mostly Hermopolite, exhibit both clauses while 64 documents, of diverse provenance, do not. Where no penalty clause appears, the surrender clause is followed directly by the praxis<\/em> clause. Here, the connection between praxis<\/em> and non-surrender is made explicit by the phrase \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2, which specifies the circumstances under which praxis<\/em> may be employed.\u00a0See, e.g., P.Sakaon<\/span> 94.8-17 (284 CE, Thraso): \u1f67\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 | 9<\/sup> \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f31 \u1f41|10<\/sup>[\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb]\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03a3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f69\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03be \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03b3(\u03cd\u03b7\u03c2) | 11<\/sup> [\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6]\u03bd\u03b9 \u03bc\u0323[\u03b7\u03bd\u1f76] \u03c4\u0323\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u1ff6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b2 (\u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2) \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 | 12<\/sup> [\u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5]\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u1ff3 [ \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323] \u03c4\u03b5\u0323\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bf[\u03b9]\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u1ff3 \u1f11\u03bd\u0323\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1|13<\/sup>[ \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5]\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2\u00b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 (l<\/em>. \u1f00\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2) | 14\u00a0<\/sup>[\u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1ff7] \u0391\u1f50\u03c1\u03b7\u03bb\u03af\u1ff3 \u0394\u03b9\u03b4\u03cd\u03bc\u1ff3 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 | 15<\/sup> [\u1f14\u03ba \u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf]\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03a3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f69\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c9|16<\/sup>[\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7]\u03cc[\u03bd]\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ac|17<\/sup>[\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u1f10\u03ba \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 (\u2018... the delivery of which the declaring parties, Satabous and Horeion, will by necessity perform, acting as mutual guarantors, in the month of Pauni of the present 2nd<\/sup> year in the metropolis using the measure of four choinikes<\/em> ... without delay. For the purpose of recovery, let Aurelios Didymos employ the right of execution from the declaring parties Satabous and Horeion and from all their properties as if resulting from a court sentence\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

Bibl.: Weber (1932): 102-135; Harrauer (1980):<\/span> 125-126; J\u00f6rdens (1990): 312-324; Kruit (1992a); (1992b): 169.<\/span><\/p>\r\napod<\/strong>.: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9 (unless otherwise indicated, future indicative);\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0epan:<\/strong> \u1f10\u03c0\u1f71\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2, \u1f10\u03c0\u1f71\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 exhypar.<\/strong>: \u1f10\u03be \u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0is.<\/strong>: independent sentence;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0loc.<\/strong>: location;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0metr.<\/strong>: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u1f73\u03c9;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0nd.:<\/strong> no delay, excuse, claim etc.;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0parad.:<\/strong> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0periph.<\/strong>: periphrastic construction;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 qual.<\/strong>: quality;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 rc.<\/strong>: relative clause\r\n

BGU<\/span> III<\/strong> \u00a0837.36-41 (609, ArsPol) [periph., ind.fut., fixd.]; 873.c.1-6 (IV-VI, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., loc., fixd., anhyp., exhypar.]; 990.7-10 (208, Kar) [rc., ind.fut., loc., metr.]; 1015.7-15 (221\/2, HermN) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp.]; 2048.3-9 (217, HermN) [rc., metr., qual., metr., no excuse]; XII<\/strong>\u00a02198.13-17 (545 or 560, Herm) [ind.fut., fixd., qual., no excuse]; 2199.8-11 (VI, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., qual., anhyp.]; 2205.12-17 (590, Herm) [is; ed.: \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9], qual., fixd., oc.]; 2207.13-16 (606, Herm) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9, fixd., qual., metr.]; 2208.17-24 (614, Herm) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9, fixd., \u1f00\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2]; 2209.15-19 (614, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., qual., metr.]; 2210.15-21 (617, Herm) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9, fixd., qual., \u1f00\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2]; XIII<\/strong> 2330.14-17 (89, SokN) [rc., inf.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 2331.13-16 (91, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 2332.14-17 (374, PtolEu) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; XVII<\/strong> 2694.20-23 (608, Herm) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9; \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9]; 2695.13-16 (608, Herm) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9; qual.]; CPR<\/span> V<\/strong> 14.15-17 (475, Herak) [rc., ind.fut., \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u1fc7 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9, fixd., no excuse]; IX<\/strong> 25.7-9 (Vm<\/sup>, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., oc., qual., koupha];\u00a0X<\/strong> 23.6-9 (520\/1?, ArsPol) [periph., ind.fut., fixd.]; 24.3-5 (522\/3, ArsPol) [periph., ind.fut., fixd.]; 25.11-20 (526\/7?, ArsPol) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., metr., anhyp., exhypar.]; 38.11-16 (420, HerakN) [rc., epan., ind.fut., no excuse]; 39.14-18 (443, Herak) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd.]; 107a.15-16 (396, Ther) [epan., ind.fut., loc.]; 120.14-19 (523, ArsPol) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., metr., loc., \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd; exhypar.]; XIV<\/strong> 4.10-13 (VI, Alexandrou Nesos) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., koupha, place]; XVIII<\/strong> 5.94-99 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [imp.aor., qual., metr.]; XIX<\/strong> 31.8-12 (Vs<\/sup>, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., qual., metr., koupha, anhyp.]; P.Alex.<\/span><\/strong> 38.5-6 (VI\/VII, ApolHept?) [ind.fut., initc.]; P.Amh.<\/span> II<\/strong> 150.24-31 (592, Ox) [rc., \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, qual., \u1f10\u03ba \u03bd\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd, anhyp., kind.]; P.Amst.<\/span> I<\/strong> 47.14-19 (537, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., oc., qual.]; 48.10-14 (VI, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., oc., qual., metr., koupha]; P.Ant.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 42.16-24 (557, Lenaiou) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, oc., fixd.]; P.Athen.<\/span><\/strong> 23.16-19 (82, Thead) [rc., imp.aor., fixd., loc., no excuse]; P.Athen.Xyla<\/span><\/strong> 6.2-6 (VI, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., oc., fixd., qual., metr., koupha]; P.Bad.<\/span> II<\/strong> 25.12-15 (III, PtolEu) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Bas.<\/span><\/strong> 5.3-6 (III, UP) [rc., periph., ind.fut.]; P.Bastianini<\/span><\/strong> 26.18-28 (VI, Ox) [ind.fut.]; P.Berl.Brash.<\/span><\/strong> 14.7-8 (304, OxN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; P.Cair.Isid.<\/span><\/strong> 89.5-8 (308, Kar?) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr., anhyp.]; 90.5-9 (309, Kar) [rc., epan., inf.fut., fixd., metr., anhyp.]; 91.8-12 (309, Kar) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., metr., qual., anhyp.]; 92.8-11 (314, Kar) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr.]; P.Col.<\/span> <\/strong>VII<\/strong> 177.10-15 (325, Kar) [rc., epan., inf.fut., fixd., loc., metr., qual., anhyp.]; 182.12-16 (372\/3, Kar) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 183.13-16 (372, Kar) [rc., epan., fixd., loc., metr., qual., anhyp.]; P.Coll.Youtie<\/span> II<\/strong> 93.9-12 (VI, Herak) [rc., loc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Dion.<\/span><\/strong> 34.5-9 (116A<\/sup><\/span>, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., grain: qual., metr., ship.]; P.Edfou<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 2.5-8 (619, Apol) [rc.; \u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; oc., fixd., metr.]; P.Eirene<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 6.1? (VII, ArsN); 7.10-13 (615, HermN) [qual.; metr.]; 28.16-24 (577, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., loc., anhyp., exhypar.]; 29.19-25 (591-593, ArsPol) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., loc., anhyp., exhypar.]; P.Fay.<\/span><\/strong> 89.13-16 (9, Pelousion) [ind.fut., fixd., metr.]; P.Flor.<\/span> I<\/strong> 65.9-12 (570\/1, OxN) [epan., ind.fut., oc., anhyp., koupha]; III<\/strong> 314.12 (428, Enseu) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; P.Gen.<\/span> I<\/strong> 8.16-22 (141, Dionysias) [imp.aor., fixd., no excuse]; 15.2-3 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., metr.]; II<\/strong> 89.7-8 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Thead) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., loc.]; IV<\/strong> 190.11-14 (522\/3 ?, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., oc., fixd., qual., metr., koupha]; P.Genov.<\/span> I<\/strong> 30.12- (543, HermN) [rc., ind.fut.]; P.Hamb.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 21.2.5-8 (315, Ox) [rc., qual., epan., ind.fut., loc., fixd., no excuse]; 71.17-19 (149, Phil) [rc., qual., ind.fut.: ed.: \u03c0\u2039\u03b1\u203a\u03c1[\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9];]; P.Heid.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 355.5-9 (V\/VI, HermN) [rc., qual., ind.fut.]; 357.12-18 (507, HermN) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, fixd., qual., metr., anhyp.]; 358.7-10 (524\/5, OxN) [rc., qual., koupha, oc., epan., ind.fut., oc., anhyp.]; 359.7-12 (VI\/VII, OxN) [qual., metr., epan., ind.fut., fixd., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, oc.]; 361.23-27 (613, ArsPol) [periph., ind.fut., anhyp.]; VI<\/strong> 383.8-14 (209A<\/sup><\/span>, Oxyrhyncha) [rc., ind.fut. (\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9), qual., fixd. (\u1f15\u03c9\u03c2), metr., ship.]; P.Hib.<\/span> I<\/strong> 84a.4-7, 20-22 (285\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, HerakN?) [imp.aor., loc., qual., metr.]; P.Kell.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 46.9-17 (IV Kellis) [ed:. \u1f10\u03c6\u02bc \u1fa7\u03c4\u0323\u03ad\u0323 | 10<\/sup> \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u0323\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u0323 (l<\/em>. \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd), fixd., no excuse]; P.K\u00f6ln<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 151.12-18 (423, KynopN) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, oc.]; 152.15-19 (477?, ArsN) [rc., \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, metr., fixd., anhyp.]; IV<\/strong> 192.8-9 (V\/VI, Nemaris?) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd];\u00a0P.Laur.<\/span> IV<\/strong> 176.11-13 (316, OxN?) [rc., periph., fixd., no excuse, epan., ind.fut.,]; P.Lond.<\/span> II<\/strong> 390.3-4 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [rc., apod.]; III<\/strong> 1001.12-21 (539, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., oc., fixd., metr., anhyp., koupha]; 1026a.14-15 (482\/497\/527, HermN?) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd*]; 1229.4-11 (145, UP) [future delivery of the cash]; V<\/strong> 1700.4-6 (VI, Aphr) [nd]; 1764.1a-3 (VI\/VII, OxN); 1774.9-16 (570, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 1881.1-4 (VI, UP) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9(?), oc., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Lund.<\/strong> VI 10.10-11 (400, ArsPol\/Kastra Skenon Mandron) [periph., ind.fut.]; P.Meyer<\/span><\/strong> 5.2-6 (98-117, ArsN) [fixd., no excuse]; 7.12-18 (130, Polydeukia) [rc., periph., imp.aor., fixd., no excuse]; P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> IX<\/strong> 572.17-23 (131, Karanis) [periph., ind.fut., two installments: fixd., metr., anhyp.]; XI<\/strong> 608.6-12 (VI, OxN) [rc., qual., metr., epan., ind.fut., loc., koupha, anhyp.]; XIII<\/strong> 670.10-12 (527, Tanyaithis) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, oc., metr.]; P.Mil.<\/span><\/strong> I 4.9-14 (2A<\/sup><\/span>, Thead) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr.]; 5.10-16 (38, Thead) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., metr., loc.]; 8.14-19 (48, Thead) [rc., periph., imp.aor., fixd., loc.]; 52.10-13 (285, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., qual., no excuse]; P.M\u00fcnch.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 86.7-12 (IV, Tebetny) [ic.; periph.; loc.]; P.Naqlun<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 23.2-10 (c. 590-596, Naqlun) [periph., ind.fut., initc., fixd., koupha, anhyp.]; P.Neph.<\/span><\/strong> 34.4-7 (IV, UP) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd.]; P.Oslo<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 43.2-7 (140\/1, ProsopN?) [ind.fut., fixd., metr., loc., anhyp.]; P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 728.10-17 (142, Thosbis) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1[\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3]\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9, within]; XIV<\/strong> 1639.6-11 (73A<\/sup><\/span>\/44A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; LVIII<\/strong> 3942.22-30 (606, Ox) [rc., qual., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, fixd., oc., anhyp.]; LXII<\/strong> 4349.12-15 (504, Ox) [\u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03bc\u1f72, \u1f22 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u1f72 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03b3\u03b3\u03c5\u03b7\u03c4\u1f74\u03bd - - \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, metr., fixd., \u1f10\u03ba \u03bd\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd]; LXXII<\/strong> 4901.10-12 (408, OxN) [\u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; fixd., anhyp., no excuse]; 4913.11-12 (462, Ox) [rc., qual., epan., ind.fut.]; LXXV<\/strong> 5069.16-17 (546, Ox) [rc., loc., qual.]; 5123.14-17 (555, Ox); P.Palau\u00a0Rib.<\/span><\/strong> 21.4-7 (VI, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., oc., qual., metr., koupha]; P.Prag.<\/span> I<\/strong> 44.11-15 (466, ArsN) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u1f61\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1, fixd., metr., loc.]; 46.10-14 (522, Antin) [allel., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, fixd., no excuse]; II<\/strong> 166.1-4 (VI\/VII, ArsPol) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., metr., \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd, \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03b2\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03c2]; P.Rain.Cent.<\/span><\/strong> 123.14-19 (478, Phebichis) [rc., ind.fut., \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u1fc7 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9, fixd., no excuse] ; P.Rein.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 101.6-12 (198-209, OxN) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp., oc., loc., \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae|[\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, pithos]; P.Ross.Georg.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 37.6-7 (VIm<\/sup>, Aphr) [\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fd6\u03bd \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f75\u03bd]; 39.4-5 (VI, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut.]; P.Sakaon<\/span><\/strong> 94.8-13 (284, Thraso) [rc., periph., epan.; fixd., metr., anhyp.]; P.Select.<\/span><\/strong> 2.4-8 (VI, HerakN) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd.]; 15.12-15 (435, HerakN) [rc., epan., ind.fut., metr., anhyp., no excuse]; P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 1.7-9 (435, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., oc., fixd., qual., metr., koupha, anhyp.]; III<\/strong> 203.10-13 (88\/9, UP) [rc., imp.aor., fixd., no excuse]; VII<\/strong> 696.1-2 (VI, Herm) [koupha]; P.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 109.18-23 (93A<\/sup><\/span>, Kerkeosiris) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., loc., ship.]; P.Ups.Frid<\/span><\/strong>. 5.1.10-17, 2.10-17 (261, Ox) [rc., epan., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd, initc., \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1, anhyp.]; P.Wisc.<\/span> I<\/strong> 11.17-23 (646, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, oc.]; PSI<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 470.5-9 (103, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., qual., metr., no excuse]; X<\/strong> 1099.6-11 (6\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., qual., metr., ship., no excuse]; 1122.10-18 (VI, OxN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, fixd., koupha]; XII<\/strong> 1249.24-29 (265, Ox) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, loc., metr., no delay]; 1250.1-11 (265, Ox) [qual., oc., ship.]; 1251.13-20 (252, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., within, loc., qual., metr., no excuse]; 1252.11-13 (III, Ox) [rc., epan., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, oc.]; SB<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 4496.22-26 (593, ArsPol) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u1ff6, oc., \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd, exhypar.]; 4497.20-23 (616, ArsPol) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u1ff6, loc., fixd., \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd]; 4504.18-24 (613, This) [\u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, qual., koupha, oc., no delay]; 4505.20-27 (606, This) [\u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, qual., koupha, no delay]; 4675.3-10 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., oc., loc., no excuse]; 4683.1-8 (VI\/VII, HermN) [\u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, metr.. ship.]; V<\/strong> 8264.13-20 (524, Ox) [rc., loc., qual., epan., ind.fut., oc., fixd., anhyp.] VI<\/strong> 9051.18-26 (VI, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., oc., fixd., qual., no excuse]; 9129.6-12 (136, HermN) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, allel., fixd., loc., metr., \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, hyper.]; 9280.16-21 (VIs<\/sup>, ArsPol) [rc., ind.fut., metr., loc., \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd, anhyp.]; 9282.3-7 (c. 500, HerakN) [rc., \u1f10\u03ba \u03bd\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, epan., ind.fut., loc., metr., anhyp., no excuse]; 9569.1-2 (91, UP); 9593.18-25 (VII, Herak) [periph., ind.fut., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f00\u03b3\u03b1\u03b8\u1fc6\u03c2, fixd., anhyp., no excuse]; VIII<\/strong> 9773.15-18 (540, Herak) [periph., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f00\u03b3\u03b1\u03b8\u1fc6\u03c2, fixd.]; XIV<\/strong> 11600.17-20 (91-96, Bacchias?) [periph., imp.fut., allel., fixd., no excuse]; 11617.13-15 (580, Ox) [\u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, ed.: \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4[\u1f70] \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c6\u03b1[\u03bd]\u03b7\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd | 15<\/sup> [\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f74\u03bd], loc.]; 11907.13-19 (239, PtolEu) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr., anhyp.]; 12109.9-15 (377, Kar) [rc., epan., ind.fut., loc., metr.]; XVI<\/strong> 12486.13-17 (470, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., oc., no excuse, qual., koupha]; 12488.9-11 (538, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., oc., qual., koupha]; 12489.7-10 (Vm<\/sup>, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., oc., qual., metr., koupha]; 12490.9-12 (VI, HermN) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9, fixd., qual., metr.]; 12491.3-6 (VI\/VII, HermN) [rc., \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, loc., fixd., metr.]; 12492.15-19 (638, HermN) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9, fixd., qual., metr., no excuse]; 12585.21-30 (557, OxN?) [qual., metr., epan., ind.fut., fixd., \u1f10\u03ba \u03bd\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd, anhyp.]; 12639.19-23 (541, HerakN) [rc., loc., epan., qual., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f00\u03b3\u03b1\u03b8\u1fc6\u03c2, oc.]; 13037.11-14 (522\/3, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., oc., qual., metr., koupha]; XVIII<\/strong> 13947.10-15 (507, OxN) [rc., qual., metr., ind.fut., fixd., \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bd\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd, anhyp.]; XX<\/strong> 14240.8-12 (VI, Aphr) [\u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, fixd., no excuse]; 14712.8-9 (498, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 15202.11-16 (VIf<\/sup>, Aphr) [rc., \u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, oc., metr.]; XXII<\/strong> 15595.6-7 (VI\/VII, HermN) [rc., \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, oc., qual.]; 15597.6-7 (537, Herm) [rc., metr., qual., koupha]; 15728.11-16 (347, Euh) [epan., inf.fut., allel., fixd., loc., metr., anhyp.]; XXIV<\/strong> 16129.3-6 (VI, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., oc., qual.]; 16265.3-6 (259\/60, OxN) [koupha, loc., anhyp., fixd.]; XXVI<\/strong> 16752.5-10 (494\/5, OxN) [rc., qual., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; XXVIII<\/strong> 17248.6-10 (VI, Near Thebes) [fixd.]; XXX<\/strong> 17328.6-7 (546\/561, Herak) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp., no excuse]; <\/span><\/strong>SPP<\/span> III<\/strong> 25.4-5 (VII, HerakN); 85.5-9 (VI\/VII, ArsN\/HerakN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., metr., \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd]; 125.6 (VI\/VII, ArsN); 135.7-8 (VI, Tin) [fixd., koupha]; 151.4 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [fixd., koupha]; 163.4-5 (VI, Touroubestis\/ArsPol) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 175.5-6 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [fixd.]; 193.3 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [fixd., \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03b2\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03c2]; 196.5 9 (VI\/VII, ArsN?) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 200.4-5 (VII, HerakN) [fixd., kindynos]; 205 + 363, 3-4 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 357.3-4 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [fixd.]; 396.4-7 (VI\/VII, ArsN); 432.4 (VII\/VIII, OxN) [fixd.]; XX<\/strong> 148.12-18 (VI, HerakN) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp, no excuse]; T.Varie<\/span><\/strong> 8.7-9 (669, Syron Kome\/Palosis) [epan., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u2039\u03c3\u03c9\u203a, fixd., qual., koupha].<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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24. Wine Quality Warranty<\/h2>\r\nCategory: Warranty\r\n\r\nLink to Synallagma<\/a>\r\n

Just like the clause introducing compensation for the degradation of wine quality by the delivery date, a clause that expresses the seller\u2019s obligation to vouch for the quality of the wine is attested only in the Byzantine period (524\u2013619 CE). There are, however, some differences: the compensation for degradation is recorded in 27 documents from all key Middle Egyptian nomes whereas the quality warranty appears in only eight, all from the Oxyrhynchite nome. The complete text with both clauses runs as follows (P.Lond. V 1764.3-7: VI\/VII CE, Oxyrhynchites): \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u0323\u03b9 \u03b4\u1f72 | 4<\/sup> \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03bb\u0323\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u1f74\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u1f74\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u1f45\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 | 5<\/sup> \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03a4\u1fe6\u03b2\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f78\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b5\u1f34\u03b3\u03b5 \u03b5\u1f51\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b7 \u1f10\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f40\u03be\u03b7 (l<\/em>. \u1f40\u03be\u03ad\u03b1) | 6<\/sup> \u1f24\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c6\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bb\u03b1 \u1f10\u03bc\u1f72 \u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03be\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f70 \u1f34\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 | 7<\/sup> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03af\u1ff3 (l<\/em>. \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u1ff3) \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u1ff3 (\u2018I guarantee the good quality and durability of the wine up to and including the whole month of Tybi, and if there be found in it any sour or inferior wines I will replace them and supply you with the same amount in wine of the best quality\u2019).<\/p>\r\nBibl.: Pringsheim (1950): 493-496; Harrauer (1980): 125; J\u00f6rdens (1990): 325-326; Kruit (1992a), (1992b): 169; Jakab (2009): 133-136.<\/span>\r\n

P.Bad.<\/span> IV<\/strong> 55.22-25 (VI\/VII, Hipponon\/Sephtha\/Sento); P.Col.<\/span> VIII<\/strong> 245.18-21 (VI, Ox); P.Flor.<\/span> I<\/strong> 65.12-13 (570\/1, OxN); P.Lond.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 1764.3-5 (VI\/VII, OxN); P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> XI<\/strong> 608.14-15 (VI, OxN); P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> LXI<\/strong> 4132.28-30 (619, Ox); P.Wisc.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 11.24-26 (646, Ox);<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0SB<\/span> V<\/strong> 8264.21-22 (524, Ox).<\/p>\r\n\r\n

\r\n

25. Totally Degraded Wine Quality<\/h2>\r\nCategory: Warranty, Penalty\r\n\r\nLink to Synallagma<\/a>\r\n

Clauses anticipating the complete degradation of wine by delivery time are all Byzantine, dating to 522\/3\u2013669 CE. The condition is differently described by nome: [1]<\/strong>\u00a0Hermopolites: \u03b5\u1f30 \u03b5\u1f50\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b7 \u1f44\u03be\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f22 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f22 \u1f40\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2 + date (\u2018Should any of the same wine be found to be sour or unfit for use or moldy up to and including (+ month name)\u2019); [2]<\/strong> Herakleopolites, and possibly the Arsinoites: \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b5\u1f55\u03c1\u1fc3\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd (i.e., the wine) \u1f44\u03be\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f22 \u1f40\u03b6\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (\u2018If you find the wine to have become sour or moldy\u2019); [3]\u00a0<\/strong>Oxyrhynchite: \u03b5\u1f34\u03b3\u03b5 \u03b5\u1f51\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b7 \u1f10\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f40\u03be\u03ad\u03b1 \u1f24\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c6\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bb\u03b1 (once: \u1f40\u03b6\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1) (\u2018And if there be found in it any sour or inferior wines ...\u2019). The vendor is required to give good wine in exchange, but here too the formulation varies by nome: [1]<\/strong>\u00a0Hermopolites: \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03be\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u02bc \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u1ff7 \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u1ff3\/ \u1f10\u03ba \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 (\u2018I will offer you a replacement of good wine\u2019); [2]<\/strong>\u00a0Herakleopolites: \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 (\u2018I will offer you good wine in exchange\u2019). [3]<\/strong> Oxyrhynchites: \u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03be\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03af\u1ff3 \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u1ff3 (\u2018I will replace it and offer you a wine of best quality\u2019). Documents from the Hermopolite nome include the \u2018without delay or excuse\u2019 formulation. The general hypothec<\/em> is optional. Cf., e.g., CPR IX 25.10-13 (Vm<\/sup> CE, Hermopolites): \u03b5\u1f30 \u03b5\u1f51\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b7 \u1f44\u03be\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f22 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f22 \u1f40\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc(\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2) \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6] | 11<\/sup> \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c5 \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2 \u03a4\u0323\u1fe6\u0323\u03b2\u0323\u03b9\u0323 \u03bc\u0323[\u03b7\u03bd\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f30\u03bd\u03b4(\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2) \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03be\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u1ff3 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u1ff7] | 12<\/sup> \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u0323[\u1f78 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ad\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4]\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2\u0323 [\u03ba\u03b1]\u03b8[\u03ac\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1] | 13<\/sup> \u1f10\u03ba \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 (\u2018Should any of the same wine be found sour or unfit for use or moldy up to and including the month of Tybi of the same indiction, I acknowledge that I will offer you in exchange wine of good quality, all my property serving as security for this debt as if following a court action\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

Bibl.: Pringsheim (1950): 493-496; Harrauer (1980): 126; J\u00f6rdens (1990): 326-327; Kruit (1992a) (1992b); Jakab (2009): 146-150.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

BGU XII <\/strong>2207.16-18 (606, Herm) [1];\u00a0 <\/span>2209.19-23 (614, Herm) [1]; XVII<\/strong> 2695.16-21 (608, Herm) [1]; CPR<\/strong><\/span> IX<\/strong> 25.10-13 (Vm<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; P.Amst.<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 48.15-18 (VI, HermN) [1]; P.Ant.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 42.19-21 (557, Lenaiou) [1]; P.Athen.Xyla<\/span><\/strong> 6.7-15 (VI, HermN) [1]; P.Bad.<\/strong><\/span> IV<\/strong> 55.25-28 (VI\/VII, Hipponon\/Sephtha\/Sento) [3]; P.Coll.Youtie<\/strong><\/span> II<\/strong> 93.12-14 (VI, Herak) [2]; P.Edfou<\/span> I<\/strong> 2.8 (619, Apol) [1]; P.Eirene<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 6.2-3 (VII, ArsN); P.Flor.<\/span> I<\/strong> 65.12-15 (570\/1, OxN) [3]; P.Gen.<\/strong><\/span> IV<\/strong> 190.15-18 (522\/3?, HermN) [1]; P.Lond.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 1764.3-7 (VI\/VII, OxN) [3]; P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> XI<\/strong> 608.13-17 (VI, OxN) [3]; P.Naqlun<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 23.11-12 (c. 590-596, Naqlun) [1]; P.Palau\u00a0Rib.<\/span><\/strong> 21.8-13 (VI, HermN) [1]; P.Ross.Georg.<\/span>V<\/strong> 39.5-7 (VI, ArsN); P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> VII<\/strong> 696.3-6 (VI, Herm) [1]; SB<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 4822.1-3 (VI, ArsN) [2]; V<\/strong> 8264.22-24 (524, Ox) [3]; XVI<\/strong> 12488.12-16 (538, HermN) [1]; 12489.10-13 (Vm<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; 12490.4-9 (VI, HermN) [1]; 12491.6-10 (VI\/VII, HermN) [1]; 12492.19-22 (638, HermN) [1]; 12639.23-27 (VI, ArsN);\u00a0 13037.15-18 (522\/3, HermN) [1]; XXII<\/strong> 15595.8-9 (VI\/VII, HermN) [1]; 15597.8-9 (537, Herm) [1]; XXIV<\/strong> 16129.7 (VI, HermN); XXVIII<\/strong> 17014.3-6 (528\/9?, Herak) [1]; 17248.10-12 (VI, Near Thebes) [2];\u00a0XXX<\/strong> 17328.7-8 (546 or 561, Herak) [2]; SPP<\/span> III<\/strong> 141.4 (VI\/VII, ArsPol); 144 + 381.4 (VI, Kynon or ArsPol); 205 + 363, ll. 5-6 (VI\/VII, ArsN); 432.5 (VII\/VIII, OxN); T.Varie<\/span><\/strong> 8.9-11 (669, Syron Kome\/Palosis) [3].<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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26. Assertion of Payment<\/h2>\r\nCategory: Remuneration\r\n\r\nLink to Synallagma<\/a>\r\n

Following the clause regulating the terms of loan repayment, Oxyrhynchite and Arsinoite scribes include a prohibition against the debtor claiming to have repaid the debt without providing written documentation. The earliest precisely dated Greek evidence of this injunction dates to 484 CE, the latest to 591\/2 CE. Cf., e.g., P.Oxy. XVI 1891.15-20 (495 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76] \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f10\u03be[\u03b5\u1fd6]\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1[\u03bf]\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 | 16<\/sup> \u1f51\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3[\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5]\u03c1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd [\u03bf]\u1f54\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f11\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u1f70\u03bd | 17<\/sup> \u03bf\u1f54\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03c9\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f76\u03c2 \u1f10\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd | 18<\/sup> \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f22\u0323 \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03b4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 | 19<\/sup> \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u02bc \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f21 \u03b5\u1f34\u03c3\u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b5 \u1f10\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd | 20<\/sup> \u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd (\u2018and I am forbidden when each term arrives to delay repayment or to demand another period or to state that I have paid any part of said debt without a written document and a joint receipt or before the recovery of this bond, but you shall have the right to effect repayment upon both myself and all my property\u2019. (transl.: editio princeps<\/em>, p. 102). A similar case is discussed in the parachoresis<\/em> BGU IV 1127.20 (18 BCE, Alexandria) where the conveyor is prohibited from asserting that he has not received the price: \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u1f74{\u03b9} \u1f10\u03be\u2039\u03b5\u203a\u1fd6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u1f08\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u1ff3 \u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u2039\u03b5\u203a\u03b9\u03bd\u00b7 \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03b5\u0323\u03af\u0323\u03bb\u0323\u03b7\u0323\u03c6\u0323\u03b1\u0323.<\/p>\r\nBibl.: Hode\u010dek \u2013 Mitthof (2005).<\/span> Demotic parallel in Felber (1997): 2.1.8.<\/span>\r\n

BGU<\/span> IV<\/strong> 1127.20-22 (18A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex); P.Coles<\/span><\/strong> 29.7-11 (V\/VI, Ox?); P.Leid.Inst.<\/span><\/strong> 17 side II a ll. 11-12 (IVm<\/sup>, UP); P.Oxy.<\/span> VIII<\/strong> 1130.17-20 (484, Senokomis); XVI<\/strong> 1891.15-19 (495, Ox); LXIII<\/strong> 4394.134-136 (494,<\/span> Ox); <\/span><\/span>P<\/span>.Warr.<\/strong><\/span> 10.27-28 (591\/2, Ox); SB<\/strong><\/span> VIII<\/strong> 9770.8-9 (511, ArsN); XXX<\/strong> 17328.8-9 (546\/561, Herak); SPP<\/span> XX<\/strong> 139.16 (531, ArsPol).<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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27. Failure to Surrender Object of Purchase<\/h2>\r\nCategory: Penalty, Surrender\r\n\r\nLink to Synallagma<\/a>\r\n

In 222 documents that record the sale of fungibles, the terms of their future delivery by the vendor to the purchaser are set forth. In 65 of these documents, the possibility that the vendor will not deliver the commodity as scheduled is anticipated. The clause is particularly common in documents recording the sale of wine (21 of 87 texts concerning delivery, mostly Byzantine) and of grain (20 of 48, mostly Ptolemaic and Roman). Down to the third century, the prevailing rule is a proportional payment by measurement unit<\/strong> (artaba<\/em>, keramion<\/em>). The standard is flexible: \u2018market value\u2019 in the Ptolemaic period, value at the time repayment falls due in the Roman. In the Ptolemaic and Roman periods, the verb denoting the payment of indemnity is \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u1f77\u03bd\u03c9 or \u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u1f77\u03bd\u03c9. In the Byzantine period, the future form of \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03c9 becomes predominant. In the Ptolemaic and Roman periods, the clause is followed by the praxis<\/em> clause; in the Byzantine period, it comprises the kindynos<\/em> formula, which has the same function. Cf., e.g., P.Bas. 5.9-10 (III CE, Unknown Provenance): \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03b9 (l<\/em>. \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u1ff6\u03b9) \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c7\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u1f50\u03ac\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5[\u03b9]\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u1fc3 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8[\u03b5\u03c3]|10<\/sup>\u03bc\u03af\u1fb3, \u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u2039\u03b5\u203a\u03b9 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4{\u03b5}\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03bd (\u2018If he does not deliver the fodder in acceptable quality on the time stated above, let him (viz., the vendor) pay him (viz., the purchaser) as indemnity the highest value of the fodder at the time due for delivery\u2019). The rule changes in the Byzantine period; now the vendor owes a lump sum as the penalty irrespective of the quantity or value of the undelivered commodity. Cf., e.g., P.Lond. III 1001.21-26 (539 CE, Hermopolites): \u03b5\u1f30 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 | 22<\/sup> \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u0323\u03b7\u03b8\u1ff6 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd\u0323 \u03b1(\u1f50)\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd wheat \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bf\u1f36\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u0323 | 23<\/sup> \u1f10\u03bd [\u03c4]\u1fc7 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc7 \u03c0\u03c1\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u1fb3 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2\u0323 \u03c4\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03cd\u0323\u03c4\u0323\u03c9\u0323[\u03bd] | 24<\/sup> \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bf(\u1fe6) \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u1f13\u03be \u03b5\u1f50\u03b8\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd\u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03b4 \u0323[ \u0323] | 25<\/sup> \u03c4\u0323\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b1(\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2) \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f30\u03b4\u03af\u1ff3 \u03bc\u0323\u03bf(\u03c5) \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u1ff3 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7[\u03c2] | 26<\/sup> \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2. (\u2018If I am unable to give you the same grain and wine on the date due for delivery, I will immediately pay you on account of their price six gold keratia<\/em> - - at the risk of my own property\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

Bibl.: Montevecchi (1944): 134-135; Visky (1970): 347; Packman (1975): 290-295; (1983): 21-26; J\u00f6rdens (1990): 327-328; Jakab (2009): 150-151.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

BGU<\/span> II<\/strong> 542.18-22 (165, Athenas Kome) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd (rest.); land, parachoresis: hemiolion, dam., exp., fisc]; XII<\/strong> 2198.17-22 (545 or 560, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; hyp.gen.; chortos: fixed price]; 2208.25-29 (614, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9; in kind: straw: fixed amount]; 2209.23-26 (614, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9; in kind: wine: lump sum]; 2210.22-25 (617, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9; in kind; reed: value]; XIII<\/strong> 2331.16-17 (91, SokN) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9: barley]; XVII<\/strong> 2693.1-3 (VI\/VII, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9; in kind; value]; 2694.28-33 (608, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9; in kind; barrel (koupha)]: fixed amount]; 2695.21-25 (608, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9; in kind: wine: lump sum]; P.Ant.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 42.24-27 (557, Lenaiou) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; hyp.gen.; wine: lump sum]; P.Athen.<\/span><\/strong> 23.20-21 (82, Thead) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd; praxis; wine: hemiolia]; P.Bas.<\/span><\/strong> 5.9-10 (III, UP) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9; praxis; fodder: proportional, value at time of due delivery]; P.Col.<\/span> IV<\/strong> 76.13-15 (247A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c9; vine props: proportional; dam.]; P.Dion.<\/strong><\/span> 34.9-14 (116A<\/sup><\/span>, HermN) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c9; praxis: grain: fixed price]; P.Eirene II 7.13-18 (615, HermN); P.Fay.<\/span><\/strong> 89.16-19 (9, Pelousion) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c9; vegetable seeds, barley: per missing object]; P.Gen.<\/span> I<\/strong> 15.3-4 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [ed.: \u1f10\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5\u0323 \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u0323\u03bd\u0323 \u1f00\u0323\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9; grain: lump sum]; II<\/strong> 89.11-16 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Thead) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c9; wheat: hemiolia, MMP]; P.Grenf.<\/span> II<\/strong> 16.8-9 (136A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9; mulberry-tree, hemiolion]; P.Hamb.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 21.2.8-10 (315, Ox) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd; praxis; flax: proportional, value at time of due delivery, dipl.]; 71.19-22 (149, Phil) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9; praxis; fodder: proportional, value at time of due delivery, hemiolia]; P.Heid.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 355.9-15 (V\/VI, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9; in kind; barley: lump sum]; 361.27-31 (613, ArsPol) [meat; lump sum]; VI<\/strong> 383.8-14 (209A<\/sup>,<\/span> Oxyrhyncha) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c9; price: hemiolion]; P.Hib.<\/span> I<\/strong> 84a.7-9, 23-25 (285\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, HerakN ?) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9; praxis; wheat: proportional]; P.Laur.<\/span> IV<\/strong> 176.13-14 (316, OxN) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd; praxis; flax: proportional, value at time of due delivery: dipl.]; P.Lond.<\/span> III<\/strong> 1001.21-26 (539, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9; in kind; wine, grain: lump sum]; V<\/strong> 1881.4-7 (VI, UP) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; wine; lump sum]; P.Meyer<\/span><\/strong> 7.18-21 (130, Polydeukia) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9; praxis; beans: proportional, hemiolia and interest]; P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> IX<\/strong> 572.23-25 (131, Kar) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9; grain: agora maximum]; XIII<\/strong> 670.12-16 (527, Tanyaithis) [restraint, no excuse; grain]; P.Mil.<\/span> I<\/strong> 4.12-21 (2A<\/sup><\/span>, Thead) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c9; wheat: hemiolia, MMP]; 5.16-22 (38, Thead) [hemiolia, MMP]; 8.19-20 (48, Thead) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9; praxis; barley: proportional, hemiolia]; 52.14-16a (285, Ox) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c9; praxis; flax: dipl.]; P.Neph.<\/span><\/strong> 34.7-8 (IV, UP) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c9; grain, wine: interest]; P.Oslo<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 43.7-9 (140\/1, ProsopN?) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c9; praxis; wine: dipl.];<\/strong> P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 729.17-22 (142, Thosbis) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9; praxis]; XIV<\/strong> 1639.11-13 (73A<\/sup><\/span>\/44A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, praxis; wheat: proportional]; LXII<\/strong> 4349.15-19 (504, Ox) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9; grain: lump sum]; P.Palau\u00a0Rib.<\/span><\/strong> 21.13-15 (VI, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; wine: lump sum]; P.Prag.<\/span> I<\/strong> 46.14-15 (522, Antin) [hyp.gen.; vessels: value]; P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 203.10-12 (88\/9, UP) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9; praxis; not clear: proportional, hemiolia]; VII<\/strong> 696.10-14 (VI, Herm) [hyp.gen.; wine: lump sum]; P.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 109.23-25 (93A<\/sup><\/span>, Kerkeosiris) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd; praxis; wheat: proportional, MP, hemiolia]; P.Ups.Frid<\/span><\/strong>. 5.17-20 (261, Ox) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd; praxis; wheat: proportional, dipl.]; PSI<\/span><\/strong> X<\/strong> 1099.11-14 (6\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd; praxis; wheat: proportional]; XII<\/strong> 1249.29-31 (265, Ox) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd; wine: proportional?, value at time of due delivery, dipl.]; 1250.11-14 (265, Ox) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd; praxis; wine: proportional?; value at time of due delivery, dipl.]; 1251.20-23 (252, Ox) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c9; praxis; wheat: proportional?; value at time of due delivery, dipl.]; SB<\/span> VI<\/strong> 9051.11-14 (VI, HermN) [grain: lump sum]; 9569.2-5 (91, UP) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd; praxis; wine: proportional, dipl.]; 11600.20-25 (91-96, Bac?) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd, praxis;<\/strong> grain: hemiolia]; XIV<\/strong> 11907.17-19 (239, PtolEu) [no verb; praxis; vegetable seeds: proportional?, value at time of due delivery]; XVI<\/strong> 12488.16-18 (538, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; wine: lump sum]; 12490.9-12 (VI, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9; wine: lump sum]; 12491.10-14 (VI\/VII, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; in kind; wine: lump sum]; 12492.22-27 (638, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; in kind; wine: lump sum]; XXII<\/strong> 15595.9-11 (VI\/VII, HermN) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9; wine: lump sum]; XXIV<\/strong> 16265.6-7 (259\/60?, OxN) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c9; praxis; wine: proportional?]; SPP<\/span> III<\/strong> 357.5 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [market price?]; 381v<\/sup><\/span>\u00a0 (VI, Kynon\/ArsPol); 396.8 (VI\/VII, ArsN)?; XXII<\/strong> 20.16-21 (3?A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9; donkey: hemiolia; interest; damage; epit.].<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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28. Return of Dowry<\/h2>\r\nCategory: Termination\r\n\r\nLink to Synallagma<\/a>\r\n

Ptolemaic marriage documents do not regulate divorce directly. Instead, they deal with the consequences of violating marital duties and, in turn, the loss of the dowry by the wife or its restitution with an added sum by the husband, depending on which of the two has violated the terms of the marriage. In the Roman period, a change occurs such that each party can dissolve the union without having to prove misconduct on the other\u2019s part. BGU<\/span><\/strong> I 252.7\u20139 (98 CE, Ptolemais Euergetis) may be treated as paradigmatic in this respect, at least as far as the Arsinoite nome is concerned: \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4[\u1f72] \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 [\u03c7]\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03c9\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u02bc \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03ae\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd, \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc[\u03c4]\u03c9 \u1f41 \u03a3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2(\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c2) | 8<\/sup>\u00a0[\u03a4\u03b1\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03ac]\u03b8\u1fc3 \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 [\u03c4\u1fc6]\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1[\u03b3\u03c5]\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f11[\u03ba]\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd, \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03c0\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1, \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f11\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af|9<\/sup>[\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u1fc6\u03c2] \u1f10\u03bd \u1f21\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9[\u03ac]\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1, \u1f00\u03c6\u02bc \u1f27\u03c2 [\u1f10\u1f70]\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03b1[\u03b9]\u03c4[\u03b7]\u03b8\u1fc7 (\u2018But if a difference arises between them and they separate from one another, let Satabous pay back to Taarpagathe the hundred drachms of the pherne<\/em> on the occasion of a divorce forthwith; in the case of willful departure within thirty days of the day in which it is claimed back\u2019.). The terms that denote the spouses\u2019 rift are \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u1f71 and \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u1f79\u03c2, the former (\u2018dispute\u2019, \u2018disagreement\u2019) leading to the latter, the \u2018separation\u2019 which is, in this case, expressed through the medial voice followed by \u1f00\u03c0\u02bc \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03ae\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd. The consequence, the restitution of the dowry, is expressed by means of \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, a well-known verb in clauses dealing with the repayment of a loan, payment of consideration in the case of sale of genus chattel, and payment of rent in leases.<\/p>\r\n

A wife\u2019s right to recover her entire dowry in any type of divorce is not denied. The clause, however, distinguishes between the circumstances of the divorce in a way that affects the modalities of this restitution. Thus, in \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03c0\u1f75, a divorce initiated by the husband, the dowry must be returned immediately (\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1). If it is the wife who initiates the divorce\u2014a type of rupture that the Arsinoite source material specifies as \u1f00\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u1f75\u2014she should first demand the return of the dowry (\u1f00\u03c0\u03b1\u1f77\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2), which her husband is obligated to meet within the specified period.\u00a0Some scribes specify the condition of the pherne<\/em> upon recovery. See, for example, P.Mil.Vogl.<\/span> II 71.11\u201313: [\u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5]\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u02bc \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb[\u03ae\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd, \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c4\u03c9 (l<\/em>. \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9) \u1f41 \u1f08]\u03bc\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03a4\u03b5\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c3\u03ac\u03ca\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u0395\u1f50\u03b4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u1f74\u03bd | 12\u00a0<\/sup>[\u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4]\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u1ff3 \u03ba\u03b1[\u1f76 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u03c4\u1f70 \u1f31\u03bc\u03ac]\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f22 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4{\u03b5}\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd | 13\u00a0<\/sup>[\u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03c0\u1fc6\u03c2] \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1, \u1f10\u0323\u03c0\u0323\u1f76\u0323 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f11\u03ba[\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd \u1f21\u03bc]\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f11\u03be\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u2018But if a difference arises between them and they separate from one another, let Ammonas pay back to Tephorsais, also known as Eudaimonis, the aforesaid dowry, two quarters of gold in the same jewellery and - - the clothing, including what is missing<\/em> or their aforesaid value, in the case of divorce, forthwith, in that of willful departure within sixty days\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

As soon as additional subcategories of dowries\u2014the parapherna<\/em> and the prosphora\u2014<\/em>are created, they are also individually treated in the divorce clause. For the parapherna<\/em>, the general rule is immediate restitution under all circumstances. Some documents also specify the qualities of the parapherna<\/em> upon restitution: \u03c4\u1f70 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u1f37\u03b1 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba\u03b2\u1fc6\u03b9 (\u2018the parapherna<\/em>, as they result from wear and tear\u2019). In the rules regarding the prosphora<\/em>, a dowry category comprised of land and slaves, the terminology is quite different: restitution is denoted not by the verb \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, with the husband as the subject, but with various other terms: \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u1f77\u03b6\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 (\u2018recover\u2019), \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u1f71\u03c9 (\u2018drag away\u2019), in which the subject is the wife, the person who originally delivered them, or simply the third-person singular imperative or infinitive of \u03b5\u1f30\u03bc\u1f77, in which the subject is the object of return and the beneficiaries are expressed in the genitive.<\/p>\r\n

The Byzantine evidence is sparse. In the only readily reconstructable clause, that of P.Cair.Masp.<\/span> III 67340r<\/sup> ll. 35\u201339 (VI CE, Antinoopolis), the husband is liable to a penalty in the sum of 1 gold litra<\/em> in the event of an ungrounded divorce: \u03b5\u1f30 \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f61\u03c2 | 36<\/sup> \u03b5\u1f30\u03ba\u1f78\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cc\u03be\u1fc3 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c4\u03b1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u0323[\u03bb]\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03af\u03c7\u03b1 | 37<\/sup> \u03bf\u1f35\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u0323[\u1f30\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f50\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5(?) \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03b9]\u03bd | 38<\/sup> \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03af[\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bb\u03af\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2] | 39<\/sup> \u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c2 [ -ca.?- ] (\u2018If, as is clear, he (the husband) decides to cast her (his wife) out without any reasonable cause, he shall provide her with three gold litras<\/em> on account of penalty\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

Bibl. Montevecchi (1936): 20-21, 75-78; H\u00e4ge (1968) 75-91, 160-171, 238-244, 277-282; Yiftach (2003): 208-214.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

apop.<\/strong>: apopompe;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0apal.<\/strong>: apallage;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 cph.<\/strong>: conditions pherne;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 cpar.<\/strong>: conditions parapherna;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 cpro.<\/strong>: conditions prosphora<\/p>\r\n \r\n

BGU<\/span> I<\/strong> 183.8-9 (85, SokN); 251.5-6 (81, SokN); 252.7-9 (98, PtolEu) [apop., apal.]; III<\/strong> 717.15-22 (149, ArsN) [chorismos]; IV<\/strong> 1045.21-25 (154, Alabanthis?) [cph.; (proix): apop., apal.]; CPR<\/span> I<\/strong> 22.22-29? (158, ArsN) [cph.; cpro.: apop., apal.]; 24.27-33 (136, PtolEu) [cph.; cpar.; cpro.: apop., apal.]; 27.16-23 (189, PtolEu) [cph.; cpar.; cpro.: apop., apal.]; 28.6-7 (110, PtolEu) [cph.]; 235.1?-10 (II, ArsN) [cph.; cpar.; cpro.]; 236.7-9 (81-96, SokN) [apop., apal.]; 237.8-11 (II, ArsN) [cpar.]; VII<\/strong> 33.21-30 (II, UP) [cpro.; apop.]; P.Amst.<\/span> I<\/strong> 38.12-15 (II, UP); P.Bodl.<\/span><\/strong> I 61d.9-12 (II, ArsN) [apop., apal.]; P.Cair.Masp.<\/span> III<\/strong> 67340r<\/sup>.35-39 (VI, Antin) [ed.: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03b9]\u03bd | \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03af[\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3];]; P.Dura<\/span><\/strong> 30.28-35 (232, Qatna); P.Flor.<\/span> I<\/strong> 24.12-17 (IIIm<\/sup>, ArsN) [cpar.]; P.Gen.<\/span> I<\/strong> 21.12-14 (II, UP) [apal.]; P.Hamb.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 220.10-14 (223\/4, PtolEu?) [cpher.: apop., apal.]; P.Ifao<\/span> I<\/strong> 30.22-28 (138-160, ArsN) [cpar.: apop., apal.]; P.Lond.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 294.20-27 (160, PtolEu) [cph.: apop., apal.]; P.Lund<\/span><\/strong> VI<\/strong> 3.14-25 (139, UP) [apal.]; P.Mert.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 72.23-27 (162, Teb); P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 339.3-4 (46, Teb); 340.41-55 (45\/6, Teb) [apop., apal.]; 341.5-6 (47, Teb) [cpro.]; 343.8 (54, Teb); XV<\/strong> 700.13-15 (143\/153, Kar) [cph.]; P.Mich.Inv.<\/strong>\u00a0 92.13-21 (73\/4, Ox);\u00a0P.Mil.Vogl.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 71.11-14 (172-175, Teb) [cph.: apop., apal.]; P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 265.17-19, 20-26 (81-96, Ox) [cph.; cpro.]; 267.1-34, ll. 16-18, 18-21 (37, Ox) [cph.]; 372.13-15 (74\/5, Ox); III<\/strong> 496.8-9 (127, Ox) [cpro.; pregnancy]; 497.4-11 (IIe<\/sup>, Ox) [apal.: maintenance of the divorcee and joint children]; VI<\/strong> 905.11-16 (170, OxN) [apal.]; X<\/strong> 1273.25-36 (260, OxN) [cph.; pregnancy]; XII<\/strong> 1473.11-17 (201, OxN) [cpro.]; XLIX<\/strong> 3491.18-24? (157\/8, Ox) [cpar.]; 3500.9-15 (III, Ox); P.Ryl.<\/span> II<\/strong> 154.24-30, 30-33, 33-35 (66, Bac) [cph.; cpar.; cpro.: apop., apal.]; P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 131.15-17 (363, ArsN); IV<\/strong> 225.1-9, ll. 6-9 (IIs<\/sup>, UP) [cpar.]; 225.10-24, ll. 20-24 (IIs<\/sup>, UP); 237.21-27? (142, PtolEu); VI<\/strong> 533.13-16 (II, UP) [cpar.; cpro.]; IX<\/strong> 807.8-9 (98-117, Thead?); P.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 104.30-32 (92A<\/sup><\/span>, Kerkeosiris) [apal.]; II<\/strong> 386.20-24 (12A<\/sup><\/span>, Hiera Nesos); PSI<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 36a.3.15-18, 4.21-24 (12\/3, Thead ?); 64.11-18 (IIA<\/sup><\/span>\/IA<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [apop.; apal.]; X<\/strong> 1115.17-21 (152, Teb) [cpro.]; 1117.39-43 (138, Teb) [cph.; cpro.]; SB<\/span> XII<\/strong> 10924.16-25? (114, Thead); XVI<\/strong> 12334.1-6, 22 (IIl<\/sup>, Phil) [cph.: apop., apal.]; XXIV<\/strong> 16072.24-29 (del.) 36-38, 39-43, 68-69 (12A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex); XXVIII<\/strong> 17050.9 (II, Teb) [apop., apal.]; SPP<\/span> III<\/strong>, pp. 115-16, ll. 19-28 (169-176, Ox) [cph.; cpar.; apop., apal.: pregnancy].<\/p>\r\n\r\n

\r\n

29. Consequences of Failure to Return the Dowry<\/h2>\r\nCategory: Termination\r\n\r\nLink to Synallagma <\/a>\r\n

In 8 documents, mostly from first and early second-century Arsinoites, the scribe discusses the consequences of non-delivery of the dowry upon divorce: immediate payment of a hemiolia<\/em> and the application of the praxis<\/em>. Cf., e.g., P.Mich.<\/span> V 340.55-63 (45\/6 CE, Tebtynis): \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 | 56\u00a0<\/sup>\u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff6 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u02bc \u1f03 \u03b3\u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 | 57\u00a0<\/sup>\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u02bc \u1f21\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 | 58\u00a0<\/sup>\u03c4\u1ff7 \u0394\u03b9\u03b4\u03cd\u03bc\u1ff3, \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u1fc7, \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03b8\u03c5\u03b3\u03b1|59<\/sup>\u03c4\u03c1\u1f76 \u1f29\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u1fb3 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03ba \u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 | 60<\/sup> \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f09\u03c1\u03c5\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u27e6\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd\u27e7 | 61\u00a0<\/sup>\u1f61\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba \u03a0\u03ad\u03c1\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 | 62\u00a0<\/sup>\u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd | 63\u00a0<\/sup>\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ac\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u1f10\u03b3 \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 (\u2018And if he shall not restore them as has been written, he shall repay them immediately and half as much again; the right of execution resting with Didymos or, if he should not survive, with his daughter Herakleia against the party of the first part, Haryotes, [and against...] just as if against a Persian of the epigone<\/em>, and against all his possessions as if in accordance with a judgment\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

Bibl.: Wolff (1941): 418-420; H\u00e4ge (1968): 83-85, 169-171; Yiftach (2003): 208-214.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

BGU<\/span> I<\/strong> 183.9-10 (85, SokN); 251.6-7 (81, SokN); 252.9-10 (98, PtolEu); P.Hib.<\/span> II<\/strong> 208.10-11? (265A<\/sup><\/span>-250A<\/sup><\/span>, Hibeh); P.Lund.<\/span><\/strong> VI<\/strong> 3.25-28 (139, UP); P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 340.55-59 (45\/6, Teb); P.Oxy. III<\/strong> 496.8-9 (127, Ox);<\/span> P.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 104.20-24 (92A<\/sup><\/span>, Kerkeosiris).<\/p>\r\n\r\n

Section IV. Alternative Means of Defrayment<\/h1>\r\n
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30. Antichresis<\/em> (Land)<\/h2>\r\nCategory: Capacity, Remuneration, Security\r\n\r\nLink to Synallagma<\/a>\r\n

According to the clause in question here, attested primarily in source material from first- and second-century CE Arsinoites and Hermopolites, the creditor takes possession of a piece of land currently held by or belonging to the debtor. The document reports the area of the land, its legal and administrative status, and its location with varying degrees of detail. The array of verbs is relatively constant\u2014\u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u1f77\u03c1\u03c9 (\u2018sow\u2019), \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1f77\u03b6\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 (\u2018enjoy the fruits\u2019), \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u1f73\u03c1\u03c9 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f34\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (\u2018take for one\u2019s personal use\u2019), \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c9 (\u2018cultivate\u2019), \u1f10\u03ba\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03cc\u03c9 (\u2018let out for hire\u2019)\u2014embodying the creditor\u2019s right to utilize the land. However, the creditor never acquires (with the possible exception of \u1f10\u03ba\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03cc\u03c9) any ability to alienate the object, let alone title. An indication of the time frame is possible but not indispensable (See, e.g., P.Gen.<\/span> II 106.9-16: 153\/4 CE, Unknown Provenance, below). The creditor\u2019s right to cultivation is applied in two distinct scenarios. In seven cases [Type1]<\/strong>, it is granted for the duration of the contract; the creditor is allowed to take possession of the land and utilize it immediately in lieu of the debtor\u2019s payment of interest in cash. Accordingly, the clause is introduced by the substitution formula (cf. antichresis<\/em> (persons)<\/a> \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd). Under these circumstances, the creditor derives his status from a concession granted by the debtor. In at least 3 cases [BGU I 101.5-23 (115 CE, Arsinoites); P.Corn. 7.7-11 (126 CE, Karanis); P.Kron. 20.10-22 (146 CE, Tebtynis)] the clause is introduced by the verb \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f73\u03c9; its subject, the debtor\/landholder, is followed by infinitives that express the creditor\u2019s capacities for the duration of the contract. In seven other cases [Type2]<\/strong>, the concession is conditional, taking effect if the debtor fails to repay the debt according to the terms set forth earlier in the document. Accordingly, it is recorded later in the document, after the return clause, within the framework of the clause dealing with the event of failure to repay. The clause is thus introduced through the protasis<\/em> \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff6. The rights themselves derive, in one case (BGU I 339.16-27: 128, Karanis), from the verb \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1ff6, viz., an act of concession by the debtor, but elsewhere they are built on the impersonal \u1f14\u03be\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd [P.Gen. II 106.10 (153\/4 CE, Unknown Provenance); P.Kron. 17.19 (140 CE, Tebtynis); P.Tebt. II 390.21 (167 CE, Tebtynis); SB XIV 12017.16 (156 CE, Tebtynis)]. The period of cultivation is expressly stated in BGU I 339.21-22: \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f57 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf|\u03b4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd. The object of the repayment is sometimes stated as well: in BGU I 339 it is the interest, the hemiolia<\/em> (a 50% penalty for failing to settle the debt on time), and the ensuing taxes; in P.Gen. II 106 it is the interest; and in P.Lips. I 10.1.5-2.11 it is arrears interest. For defrayment, an antichresis<\/em> is given [1];<\/strong> cf., e.g., P.Corn. 7.7-11 (126 CE, Karanis): \u03ba\u03b1[\u1f76] \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd | \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0(\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9) | \u03c4\u1f74(\u03bd) \u03a3\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u1f76 \u03a8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03c8\u03b5\u03bd\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd | 10<\/sup> \u1f10\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u1ff6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 (\u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2) \u03b4\u00b4 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1{\u03b5}\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f57 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1fe6 (l<\/em>. \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff7) \u03c4\u1f78 | \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (\u2018... and in lieu of the interest on this loan, she (viz., the debtor) concedes that Sambathion (viz., the creditor) shall enjoy the fruits of a quarter aroura<\/em> of an olive grove until she (viz., the debtor) shall have paid back the aforementioned principal sum\u2019). For default, an antichresis<\/em> is imposed [2];<\/strong> cf., e.g., P.Gen. II 106.9-14 (153\/4 CE, Unknown Provenance): \u03b1\u1f30\u1f70\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd) \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff6 | 10<\/sup> \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8\u03c5\u0323\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (l<\/em>. \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2) \u1f10\u03be\u2039\u03b5\u203a\u1fd6\u03bd\u03b1\u03af \u03c3\u03bf[\u03b9] \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1|11<\/sup>\u03c0\u03af\u0323\u03c3\u03b5\u03c3[\u03b8]\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f51[\u03c0]\u03ac\u0323\u03c1|12<\/sup>\u03c7\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03bd\u0323 \u03bc\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03b9\u0323 \u1f10\u0323\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03ba\u03ce\u03bc\u1fc3 \u1f25\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 (l<\/em>. \u1f25\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c5) \u03c4[\u03c1\u03af]\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd | 13<\/sup> \u03bc\u03ad\u0323\u03c1\u03bf[\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6] \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u1f10\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 (l<\/em>. \u1f10\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5) \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f51\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd | 14<\/sup> [\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba]\u03b1\u0323\u1f76\u0323 \u03bc\u0323\u03ad\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c2\u0323 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd (\u2018If I do not repay (the loan) by the appointed time, you will be allowed to enjoy the fruits in return for the interest of the paternal half and one-third share of an oil-press that belongs to me in the village\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

Bibl.: Weiss (1909): 39-50; Manigk (1910a): 18, 29-31, (2010b): 285-286; Herrmann (1957): 124-126 (on P.Michael 43); (1958): 240-241, (1962): 28-29; Kniepkamp (1970): 53-71; Kupiszewski (1986): 138-148; Rupprecht (1992): 131; Papadatou (2008): 212-214; Bobbink \u2013 Mauer (2019): 358-364; Yiftach (2019): 170-173.<\/span><\/p>\r\n

BGU<\/span> I<\/strong> 101.5-23 (115, ArsN) [1; anti; \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: speir., karpiz., apopher.]; 339.16-22 (128, Kar) [2; \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6: georg., karpiz.]; III<\/strong> 782.8-22 (182\/3, ArsN) [1]; IV<\/strong> 1156v<\/sup>.11-22 (14\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex); CPR<\/span><\/strong> VII<\/strong> 31.24-44, l. 33 (197, Herm); P.Corn.<\/span><\/strong> 7.7-11 (126, Kar) [1; anti; \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6: karpiz.]; P.Erl.<\/span><\/strong> 60.3-9 (II, UP) [2; krat., kyrieu.]; P.Fay.<\/span><\/strong> 205.11-14 (138-161, Bac) [2; \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6: karpiz.]; P.Gen.<\/span> II<\/strong> 106.9-16 (153\/4, UP) [2; \u1f10\u03be\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: karpiz., anti]; P.Kron.<\/span><\/strong> 17.18-27 (140, Teb) [2; \u1f10\u03be\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: karpiz.]; 20.10-22 (146, Teb) [2; anti; \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6: karpiz.]; P.Lips.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 10.1.5-2.11, ll. 1.35-37 (178, Herm) [2; anti; ed.: \u03ba[\u03b1\u03c1]\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u1fb6\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd;]; P.Lond. III<\/strong> 1168.5-8 (44, Herm); P.Oxf.<\/span><\/strong> 11.8-13 (149, Hiera Nesos) [1; anti; \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: embad., kataspeir.*, karpiz., apopher.*]; P.Oxy. LXIII<\/strong> 4397.21-26 (545\/Ox); P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> IX<\/strong> 893.1-11 (180, UP); P.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 390.20-29 (167, Teb) [2; \u1f10\u03be\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9: kataspeir., karpiz.]; SB<\/span> V<\/strong> 7758.18-28 (497, MagdBouk) [1; anti; \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd: speir., karpiz., \u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: karp.]; XII<\/strong> 11228.8-23 (204, OxN) [1; \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd; \u1f10\u03be\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: speir., karpiz., ekmisth.]; XIV<\/strong> 12017.15-21 (156, Teb) [2; \u1f10\u03be\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9: kataspeir., karpiz.].<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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31. Antichresis<\/em> (Persons)<\/h2>\r\nCategory: Security, Remuneration, Paramone\r\n\r\nLink to Synallagma<\/a>\r\n

In twelve documents from the first and second centuries, the debtor places (\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9) himself, or one of his dependents, at the disposal of the creditor as a means of repaying some of the debt, mostly interest, in what is termed here the substitution formula (\u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd). The nature of the document as a labour contract is expressed in the description of the duties that the assigned person is supposed to discharge during the stay, all expressed in a participial form. The duties may be phrased generally, e.g., \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 and \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u1f70 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 (e.g., P.Alex. 8.12: 89 CE, Boubastos), or object-specific, e.g., \u03c0\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 in an assignment to labour in a pottery workshop (<\/strong>P.Mich. V 241.24-38 l. 33: 42 CE, Tebtynis). The nature of the contract is also evident in the incorporation of remuneration, maintenance, and taxes into the substitution formula. Cf., e.g., P.Mich. X 587.7-8 (24\/5 CE, Tebtynis): \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd|\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u03b5\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f31\u0323\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6. The clause reports the period of service, its beginning date expressed through \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc + genitive, and its duration through \u1f10\u03c0\u1f77 + the accusative. The \u2018paramonic\u2019 nature of the contract is stressed via the night-and-day stay clause, sometimes following, sometimes integrated into the antichresis<\/em> clause. Cf., e.g., P.Mich. X 587.7-16 (24\/5 CE, Tebtynis): \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd|8<\/sup><\/span>\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u03b5\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f31\u0323\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1|9<\/sup><\/span>\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f11\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b8\u03c5\u03b3\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1{\u03bd} | 10<\/sup><\/span> \u039a\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u0323\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u2039\u03bd\u203a \u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u1f09\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 | 11<\/sup><\/span> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u02bc \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03c0\u02bc \u1f10\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f15\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 | 12<\/sup><\/span> \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b2[\u03bf\u03c5]\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u1f70 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u0323\u03bb\u2039\u03bb\u203a\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 | 13<\/sup><\/span> \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc6\u03b9\u0323 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u0323\u03b1\u0323, [\u03bf\u1f50] l. \u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 (l<\/em>. \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd) \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u02bc \u1f00\u03c6\u03b7|14<\/sup><\/span>\u03bc[\u03b5\u03c1]\u03bf\u03c2 (l<\/em>. \u1f00\u03c6\u03ae|[\u03bc\u03b5]\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd) \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f09\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03cd\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f04\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 | 15<\/sup><\/span>\u00a0\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b3\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2\u0323 (l<\/em>. \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2), \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u1f70 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf[\u03bb]\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c3\u03b1\u2039\u03bd\u203a \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 | 16<\/sup><\/span> \u03c0\u03b1\u0323\u03bd\u0323\u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u1fc6\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u0323\u02bc [\u0391]\u1f34\u03b3\u03c5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd (\u2018... In lieu of interest on that amount and in return for necessities and clothing, he, the party of the first part, shall present his daughter, Kolleuthis, who will remain with Harmiysis and his representatives for one year from the aforesaid date, staying and accomplishing whatever is enjoined upon her, not absenting herself night or day from the house of Harmiysis without his knowledge, but following him everywhere throughout Egypt\u2019).<\/p>\r\nBibl.: Manigk (1910a): 26-29; Westermann (1948): 17-18; Taubenschlag (1932a): 516-517; Herrmann (1962): 29; Wolff (1946): 72-73; Samuel (1965): 301-304; Hengstl (1972): 24-27; Rupprecht (1992): 133; Papadatou (2008): 214-215; Yiftach (2019): 170-173.\r\n\r\nanti<\/strong>: \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 diatribe.<\/strong>: \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0paramen.<\/strong>: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0parech.<\/strong>: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0poiount.<\/strong>: \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0leitourg.<\/strong>: \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\r\n

BGU XIX <\/strong>2837.7-17 (582, Herm);\u00a0P.Alex.<\/strong> 8.8-12 (89, Boubastos) [anti; paramen., poiount.]; P.Dura<\/strong> 17d.43 (c. 180, Dura Europos) [ed.: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1[\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2;]; 21.2-4 (IIf, Dura Europos); P.Flor. I<\/strong> 44.16-18 (158, PtolEu) [anti; parech. + paramen.]; P.K\u00f6ln<\/strong> XVI<\/strong> 652.10-16 (183\/185, Ox) [anti.; \u1f10\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2]; P.Mert.<\/strong> III<\/strong> 105.17-34, ll. 21-34 (164\/5, Teb) [anti; parech.: paramen.]; P.Mich.<\/strong> II<\/strong> 121r<\/sup><\/span>\u00a04.8, ll. 1-2 (42, Teb) [anti; parech. (reflexive): leitourg., epitel.]; V<\/strong> 241.24-38, ll. 27-31 (46, Teb) [parech.: paramen., \u03c0\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1]; X<\/strong> 587.7-16 (24\/5, Teb) [parech: paramen., diatribe., poiount.]; P.Mich.Inv.<\/strong> 4299.6-15 (20\/19a, Thead?); 4346 + 4446f.11-19 (15\/17, Thead?) [anti; parech.: paramen.]; P.Oxf.<\/strong> 10.15-19 (98-117, Thead) [anti; \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; P.Sarap.<\/strong> 20.9-11 (121, Herm).<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n

<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

32.\u00a0Enoikesis<\/em><\/h2>\r\nCategory: Remuneration, Security\r\n\r\nLink to Synallagma<\/a>\r\n

At times, the creditor inhabits a house owned by the debtor in order to defray some of the debt, usually the interest. In BGU VI 1280.12-14 (210 BCE, Unknown Provenance), probably recording a prodomatic lease, the lessee\/creditor is allowed to hold the object of the lease in case of a defaulted payment, and is also entitled to bebaiosis<\/em>: \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4[\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff6\u03b9] | 13<\/sup><\/span>\u00a0[\u03a0\u03ac\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2] \u0394\u03b9\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f11\u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70\u0323 [\u03c4\u1f70 \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03c1]\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1, \u03ba\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03c4\u0323[\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03c9 \u0394\u03b9\u03bf]|14<\/sup><\/span>[\u03ba\u03bb\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f03 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03af]\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f70 \u2039\u03c4\u203a\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u1f70 \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f02\u03bd \u03c4\u1f70 [\u1f11\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba]\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 (\u2018And if Patroklos does not pay back the seventy drachms to Diokles, as stated above, let Diokles retain the object of the lease, employing it in the same manner until he recovers his own\u2019).<\/p>\r\n

In the Roman period, the enoikesis<\/em> is recorded in loan contracts and is introduced, following the act of lending, by the locution \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd (\u2018in lieu of interest\u2019). A scribe may use this clause to give expression to the debtor\u2019s concession (\u1f10\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd, \u1f10\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\/ \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd) or simply state, in the future indicative, the creditor\u2019s status (\u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9). The clause reports the object of the residence, sometimes with an account of the abutters, the village or city quarter, the duration and beginning of the stay, and the creditor\u2019s right to freely dispose of the asset. Cf., e.g., SB XVI 13042.5-12 (29 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u1f10\u03c6\u02bc \u1f67\u03b9 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae|6<\/sup><\/span>[\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f41 \u1f09\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u1fe6\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7] \u1f51\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03b9 \u0394\u03b9\u03b4\u03cd\u03bc\u03b7\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03c9\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 | 7<\/sup><\/span> [\u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76] \u03b1\u1f50\u03bb\u1fc6\u03c2, \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd | 8<\/sup><\/span> [\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b1\u1f30\u03b8\u03c1\u03af\u03bf]\u03c5, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03ad|9<\/sup><\/span>[\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f48\u03be\u03c5\u03c1\u03cd]\u03b3\u03c7\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03a3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03bd \u03bb\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u1fb3 \u03a7\u03b7\u03bd\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u02bc \u1f14|10<\/sup><\/span>[\u03c4\u03b7 -ca.?- \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3]\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f09\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03cd\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u02bc \u03b1\u0323[\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf]\u1fe6\u0323 | 11<\/sup><\/span> [\u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03b3\u03c9\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b1\u1f50]\u03bb\u1fc6\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b1\u1f30\u03b8\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7|12<\/sup><\/span>[\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u1fb6\u03c3\u03b9 (\u2018\u2026 On the condition that, in lieu of interest thereon, Harmiysis shall inhabit the third part of a two-floor paternal house, of a yard and of the appurtenances, common and undivided at the Sarapieion in the city of Oxyrhynchos in the quarter of the Gooseherds for a period of - - years and four months, Harmiysis and his representatives utilizing \u00a0the two-floor yard atrium <\/em>and all other facilities of the house\u2019).<\/p>\r\nBibl.: Manigk (1910): 297;\u00a0 (1910a): 23-26, (2010b): 296-297; Berger (1911): 121, 161; Mitteis (1912): 152-154; Taubenschlag (1955): 286-288; Samuel (1961): 33-37; \u00a0(1965): 305; Rupprecht (1992): 131.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n

BGU IV<\/strong> 1115.7-25, 38-51 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [ed. : \u1f14\u0323\u03c7\u0323\u2039\u03b5\u203a\u03b9\u0323 \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f41\u0323 \u0398\u03ad\u03c9\u0323\u03bd\u0323 | \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u03b5 \u03bf\u1f34\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5;]; VI<\/strong> 1280.12-14 (210A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [defaulted payment; ed,: \u03ba\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03c4\u0323[\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03c9 \u0394\u03b9\u03bf]|13<\/sup><\/span>[\u03ba\u03bb\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f03 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03af]\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f70 {\u03c4}\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f70 \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f02\u03bd \u03c4\u1f70 [\u1f11\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba]\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9;]; XIV<\/strong> 2395.9-17, 20-26, 50-59, 64-71 (221A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [\u1f10\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03cd\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd; \u03c7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9]; P.Fouad<\/strong> I<\/strong> 44.10-18 (44, Ox) [\u1f10\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; P.Hamb.<\/strong> I<\/strong> 30.10-16 (89, Phil) [\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; P.Haun.<\/strong> III<\/strong> 56.6-11 (IV, UP); P.Lips.<\/strong> II<\/strong> 130.16-22 (16, Teb) [\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; P.Mich.<\/strong> III<\/strong> 188.7-12 (120, Bac) [\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; 189.9-17, 20-21 (123, Bac) [\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; IX<\/strong> 570.7-13, 15-18 (105\/6, Kar) [\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; X<\/strong> 585.7-13 (87, Bac) [\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; XI<\/strong> 605.5-10 (117, Bac) [\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; XII<\/strong> 635.8-13, 21-24 (71, Bac) [\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; P.Monts.Roca IV<\/strong> 78.8-11 (49-54, Ox) [\u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9, \u03c7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2]; P.M\u00fcnch.<\/strong> III<\/strong> 95.7-? (103-115, ArsN)?; P.Oxy.<\/strong> I<\/strong> 104.25-27 (96, Ox) [\u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f76\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bf\u03c5]; III<\/strong> 634.6-7 (126, Ox) [\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd*]; 646.11 (117-126?, Ox) [\u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u1f04\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u1f77\u03bf\u03c5]; XIV<\/strong> 1641.1-6 (68, Ox) [\u03c7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5]; XXXVI<\/strong> 2773.9-16 (82, Ox) [\u1f10\u03be\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd]; P.Princ. III<\/strong> 144.8-12 (219\/20 or 239\/40, PtolEu) [\u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9]; P.Stras.<\/strong> II<\/strong> 92.9-11 (244\/3a, OxN) [\u1f10\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03ae\u0323\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c4\u03bb.]; P.Thomas<\/strong> 4.11-19 (41-54, Teb) [\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; SB XII<\/strong> 11041.2-5 (20\/1, Teb) [\u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; XVI<\/strong> 12263.5-8 (41-54 or 54-68, Teb) [\u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, with bebaiosis]; 13041.1-4; (I-II, Ox) [\u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9, with ekbalein]; 13042.5-12 (29, Ox) [\u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9, \u03c7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5]; XVIII<\/strong> 13154.6-7 (IIA<\/sup><\/span>-IA<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [\u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c9, \u1f04\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bf\u03c5].<\/p>\r\n\r\n

<\/div>\r\n

33.\u00a0 Kyrieueto<\/em><\/h2>\r\nCategory: Remuneration, Security\r\n\r\nLink to Synallagma<\/a>\r\n

In lease contracts from the Ptolemaic period and from Roman Oxyrhynchites, the lessor is to control the product until he recovers the rent. The verb denoting \u2018control\u2019, \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03cd\u03c9, is of course known from other contexts in which it is used, together with other verbs, to express capacities deriving from the acquisition of title. Here it stands alone and may simply denote a right of retention. The object of said control, expressed in the genitive, is the harvest (\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd, \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c1\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd), sometimes given with an indication of its time frame (\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1fbd \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd). The time frame of the lessor\u2019s control is reported in a clause with the \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2, with or without \u1f04\u03bd; and a verb denoting recovery: the medial voice of \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u1f77\u03b6\u03c9 or the active voice of \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u1f71\u03bd\u03c9. The mode is conjunctive, of course. The object, given in the accusative, may be the rent (\u03c4\u1f78 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd, \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd, \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd), the debt (\u03c4\u1f70 \u1f40\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1), or simply the lessor\u2019s property (\u03c4\u1f70 \u03b1\u1f51\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6). Cf., e.g., SB XX 14983.14-15 (220-260 CE, Oxyrhynchites): \u1f43\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1[\u03c1]\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03ba\u03b1|15<\/sup>\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f40\u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac[\u03b2]\u1fc3 (\u2018... who (the lessor) will master the fruits until he recovers what is owed to him annually\u2019).<\/p>\r\nBibl.: Waszy\u0144ski (1905): 144-145; Pringsheim (1950): 295-298; Taubenschlag (1955): 359-360; Herrmann (1958): 140-142; Kr\u00e4nzlein (1974): especially pp. 223-224.\r\n

BGU VI<\/strong> 1262.15-16 (216\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona); 1264.25-26 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt); 1266.29-30 (203\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona); 1267.16-17 (before 266\/5A<\/sup><\/span>\u00a0or before 228\/7A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN); 1271.11 (180A<\/sup><\/span>-145A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil\/ Thead); X<\/strong> 1943.16 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt); 1944.14-15 (214\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt); 1950.4-5 (221A<\/sup><\/span>-205A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN); XIII<\/strong> 2340.14-15 (IIIe<\/sup><\/span>, Ox); XIV<\/strong> 2383.13 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt); 2384.13-14 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt); 2387.14-15 (scr.ext.) (IIIA<\/sup><\/span>, OxN); P.Amst. I<\/strong> 42.5-6 (III\/IV, Mermertha); P.Batav. <\/strong>16.10-11 (346\/7, OxN); P.Berl.Leihg. I<\/strong> 20.14-16 (149, OxN); P.Col. X<\/strong> 273r.12-14 ?, (204, Ox); P.Coll.Youtie II<\/strong> 68.24-26 (266, Ox); 70.19-20 (272\/3 or 278\/9, Ox); 80.18-19 (315, Ox); P.Fouad<\/strong> I <\/strong>43.34-36 (189\/90, Phoboou); P.Frank.<\/strong> 1.25-27 (213A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt); 2.28-29 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt); P.Harr.<\/strong> I<\/strong> 80.29-30 (249, OxN); P.K\u00f6ln<\/strong> III<\/strong> 149.20-23 (after 212, OxN); P.Laur. IV<\/strong> 165.9-10 (305, Ox); P.Mert.<\/strong> I<\/strong> 17.30-32 (158, Oastiou Epoikion); P.Mich.<\/strong> XI<\/strong> 610.30-32 (282, Ox); P.Oxy.<\/strong> I<\/strong> 101.22-24 (142, Ox); 102.17-18 (306, Ox); 103.15-16 (316, Ox); III<\/strong> 499.22-24 (121, Senepta\/Ox); 501.32-34 (186, Ox); IV<\/strong> 730.18-21 (130, Senepta\/Ox); VI<\/strong> 910.24-26 (197, Pakerke\/Ox); VIII<\/strong> 1124.5-7 (26, Ox); 1125.14-15 (II, Ox); XIV<\/strong> 1628.23-24 (73A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox); 1689.22-24 (266, Ox); 1691.14-15 (291\/2, Ox); XVII<\/strong> 2137.29-30 (226, Episemou Epoikion); XVIII<\/strong> 2189.20-22 (219, Ox); XXII<\/strong> 2351.40-42 (112, Ox); XXXI<\/strong> 2585.14-15 (315, Ox); XXXIII<\/strong> 2676.24-26 (151, Ox); XXXVI<\/strong> 2795.15-17 (250, Ox); XXXVIII<\/strong> 2874.21-23 (108, Ox); XLI<\/strong> 2974.21-23 (162, Ox); XLV<\/strong> 3257.12 (318, Ox); 3260.18-19 (323, Ox); XLVII<\/strong> 3354.35 (257, Nomou Epoikion\/Senepta); XLIX<\/strong> 3488.38-39 (70\/1, Ox); 3489.26-27 (72\/3, Ox); L<\/strong> 3589.17-18 (II, OxN); 3591.24-27 (219, Ox); 3592.19-21 (218-261?, Ox); LV<\/strong> 3800.21-23 (219, Ox); 3802.17-18 (296, Ox); LXI<\/strong> 4121.14-16 (289\/90, Ox); LXVII<\/strong> 4594.12-14 (228, Ox\/Sanao); 4595.25-27 (261, Ox); LXIX<\/strong> 4739.15-16 (127, Ox); 4745.22-24 (202, Ox); 4753.19-20 (341, Ox); LXXI<\/strong> 4827.24-26 (173\/4, Ox); P.Oxy.Hels. <\/strong>41.31-32 (223\/4, Ox); P.Palau\u00a0Rib.<\/strong> 7.21-23 (137\/8, 158\/9 or 181\/2, OxN); P.Ross.Georg.<\/strong> II<\/strong> 19.18-19 (141, Ox); P.Stras.<\/strong> VI<\/strong> 534.11-12 (before 161, Ox); P.Tebt.<\/strong> III.1<\/strong> 815.er.2-9, l. 7 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb); 815.fr.2-9, l. 7 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb); 815.fr.13-30, ll. 25-26 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb); 819.9, 33-34 (171a, Oxyrhyncha); P.Trier<\/strong> I<\/strong> 12.35-37 (179A, Herak); P.Wisc.<\/strong> I<\/strong> 7.20-22 (159\/60, Ox); P.Yale<\/strong> I 70.5-6 (229\/30?, Ox); PSI<\/strong> III<\/strong> 178.3-5 (291, Ox); 187.16-17 (280\/1 or 289\/90 or 274\/5, Ox); IV<\/strong> 316.14-15 (328, Ox); V<\/strong> 469.16-17 (334, Ox); VII<\/strong> 739.14-15 (163, Ox); VIII<\/strong> 880.19-20 (254\/5, Ox); IX<\/strong> 1029.23-25 (52\/3, OxN); 1069.19-21 (246, Ox); 1070.19-20 (260\/1 or 261\/2, Ox); 1071.18-20 (296, Ox); X<\/strong> 1122.23-25 (VI, OxN); XIII<\/strong> 1330.15-16 (after 3.172, Ox); SB IV<\/strong> 7443.14-16 (285, Ox); VIII<\/strong> 9918.15-16 (179\/80, OxN); 9919.2-3 (IIIl<\/sup><\/span>, OxN); X<\/strong> 10216.17-18 (III\/IV, Ox); 10263.15-17 (204, Ox); 10532.18-19 (87\/8, Ox); XII<\/strong> 10780.24-26 (172\/3, Ox); 10942.19-21 (4A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN); 11061.17-18 (218A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt); 11228.25-27 (204, OxN); XX<\/strong> 14338.2-3 (120, Ox); 14983.14-15 (220-260, OxN); 14984.4-6 (140-210, OxN); XXII<\/strong> 15240.23-27 (156A<\/sup><\/span>, Ammonias, ArsN).<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n

Section V: Deductions and Additions<\/h2>\r\n

34. Hypologos<\/em><\/h2>\r\nCategory: Remuneration\r\n\r\nLink to Synallagma<\/a>\r\n

In lease contracts from the Ptolemaic period, the lessee is allowed to pay reduced rent under two circumstances. One is uninundated land (abrochos<\/em><\/a>). The circumstance considered here is that the lessee had to pay public or private debts on account of the land, which he is now entitled to deduct from the rent. While the purpose of the two clauses is identical, the term denoting deduction is different: while in the case of aborchia<\/em> the commonly used verb is \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u1f73\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 in the early Ptolemaic, and \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u1f73\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 in the Roman period, in the present case it is, throughout the Ptolemaic and Roman period, \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1f73\u03c9. The reasons for the deduction are expressed through the preposition \u1f51\u03c0\u1f73\u03c1, or more rarely \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u1f77, with the estate or the lessor in the genitive. The reason for the payment is expressed through \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 in the accusative. In some documents, the lessee is required to present a receipt for the payment of taxes (\u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1 \u1f41\u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b1\u03c2 (\u2018having presented the tax receipts\u2019) (see evidence below). BGU VI 1262.13-14 (216\/5 BCE, Oxyrhynchos?): \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u03ad \u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03b8\u1fc7 \u0396\u03ae\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 [\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f70] | 14<\/sup>\u00a0\u03c4\u03bf\u0323\u1fe6\u0323 \u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u1f70 \u1f22 \u1f30\u03b4\u03b9\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c9 \u0396\u03ae\u03bd\u03c9[\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f70 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 (\u2018If Zenon is forced to pay public or private dues on account of the estate, a deduction shall be made from the rent\u2019). The Roman evidence stems primarily from the Oxyrhynchite nome (nine documents), which exhibits continuity with the Ptolemaic tradition. Cf., e.g., P.Oxy. VIII 1124.3-5 (26 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u1f10[\u1f70\u03bd] \u03b4\u03ad \u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03b8\u1fc7 \u1f41 \u03bc\u03b5[\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3]\u03b8\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 | 4<\/sup> \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b4\u03b7[\u03bc]\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u1f22 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03b9 [\u1f51\u03c0]\u1f72\u03c1 \u0394\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 | 5<\/sup> \u1f22 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b3\u1fc6[\u03c2, \u1f51]\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c9 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00[\u03c0]\u03bf\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 (\u2018If any demand is made upon the lessee for the government or for any other purpose on account of Dionysios or the land, the amount shall be deducted from the rent\u2019). The Hermopolite evidence emerges from a different text, influenced by the text of the contemporaneous abrochos<\/em> clause. P.Amh. II 85.10-12 (78 CE, Hermopolis): \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4[\u03ad] \u03c4\u0323\u03b9\u0323 \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 (l<\/em>. \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf) \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b7\u03b8\u1ff6\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u1f22 \u1f10\u03ba|11<\/sup>\u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03b8\u1ff6\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f76\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f04\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5[\u03c1]\u03b1\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b9\u03b7\u03b1\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2) \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bd\u03b1\u03c5\u03b2\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1|12<\/sup>\u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f21\u03bc\u1fd6\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 (\u2018If any other charge is demanded or exacted from us besides the tax of an artaba<\/em> on each aroura<\/em> and the naubion<\/em>, an allowance shall be made to us from the aforesaid rent\u2019). The Byzantine clause, recorded in three Arsinoite documents, is no longer restricted to reimbursement for taxes. BGU III 840.4-8 (VI\/VII CE, Arsinoites): \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f51\u03c6\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 | 5<\/sup> [\u03c4\u1f70 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc(?)]\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c3\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf(\u1fe6) \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 | 6<\/sup>\u00a0[- ca.27 -]\u00a0 \u0323\u00a0 \u0323 \u1f51\u03c6\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03af (l<\/em>. \u1f51\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03af) \u03c3\u03b5 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 | 7<\/sup> [\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7]\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u1f78\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f01\u03bb\u03c9\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 | 8<\/sup>\u00a0[\u00a0 \u0323\u00a0 \u0323\u00a0 \u0323\u00a0 \u0323 \u03ba\u03b1]\u03c4\u1f70 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03bd \u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f25\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c5 (\u2018And you shall deduct every year from the partnership whatever you spent on seeds and on account of the wages for conveyance of sheaves, and you shall also deduct from the partnership the wages for threshing and on account of the landlord\u2019s customary gratuity, for each artab<\/em> one artab<\/em> and a half\u2019).<\/p>\r\nBibl.: Waszy\u0144ski (1905): 115-116, 142; Herrmann (1958): 162-163, 239-240; (1979); Kastner (1962): 36-37; Geginat (1964): 27-28; Kniepkamp (1970): 17-25, 49-53;\u00a0 Stollwerck (1971): 124; Kramer \u2013 S\u00e1nchez-Moreno Ellart (2017): 236-237.\r\n\r\nepideik.<\/strong>: \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1 \u1f41\u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03bd\u03c5\u03bc\u03b9\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 epipher.<\/strong>: \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1 \u1f41\u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0hyphex.<\/strong>: \u1f51\u03c6\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 hypolog.<\/strong>: \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c9\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 paradech.<\/strong>: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n

BGU III<\/strong> 840.4-8 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [hyphex.]; IV<\/strong> 1116.36-38 (13A<\/sup>, Alex); VI<\/strong> 1262.13-15 (216\/5A<\/sup>, Takona); 1266.30-32 (203\/2A<\/sup>, Takona); 1271.10-11 (180A<\/sup>-145A<\/sup>, Thead\/Phil) [epideik.]; 1272.9-15? (173A<\/sup>, Hephaistias); X<\/strong> 1943.14-15 (215\/4A<\/sup>, Tholt); 1950.1-2 (221A<\/sup>-205A<\/sup>, OxN); XIV<\/strong> 2390.24-25 (160\/59A<\/sup>, HerakN); P.Amh. II<\/strong> 85.10-12 (78, Herm) [paradech.]; 86.14-16 (78, Herm) [paradech.]; P.Fay. <\/strong>34.16-19 (161, Thead) [paradech.]; 91.25-27 (99, Euh) [hypolog.]; P.Frank.<\/strong> 1.27-30 (213A<\/sup>, Tholthis); P.Freib.<\/strong> III<\/strong> 21.13 (178A<\/sup>, Phil); 22.13 (178A<\/sup>, Phil); 34.19-23 (173A<\/sup>, Phil); P.K\u00f6ln<\/strong> VI<\/strong> 275.12-13 (104\/3A<\/sup>\u00a0or 101\/0A<\/sup>, ArsN) [epideik.];\u00a0XIV<\/strong> 579a.21 (III, Ox) [paradech.]; P.Lond. I<\/strong> 113.3.7-8 (VI, ArsN) [hyphex.]; P.Oxy.<\/strong> II<\/strong> 277.8-11 (19A<\/sup>, Ox); 280.20 (88\/9, Ox) [paradech.]; VIII<\/strong> 1124.3-5 (26, Ox); XIV<\/strong> 1628.20-23 (73A<\/sup>, Ox); XLIX<\/strong> 3489.23-26 (72\/3, Ox); L<\/strong> 3597.15-16 (260, Ox) [hypolog.]; P.Ross.Georg.<\/strong> II<\/strong> 18 no. 17 (139\/40, ArsN); 18 no. 74.48 (139\/40, ArsN); P.Stras.<\/strong> VI 534.9-10 (before 161, Ox); P.Tebt.<\/strong> I<\/strong> 105.48-49 (103A<\/sup>, Kerkeosiris) [epideik., hypolog.]; III.1<\/strong> 815.br.2.48-51, l. 48 (223\/2A<\/sup>, Teb); 819.12-13 (171A<\/sup>, Oxyrhyncha) [epipher.]; P.Trier<\/strong> I<\/strong> 12.24 (179A<\/sup>, Herak); P.Yale<\/strong> I<\/strong> 51.27-28 (184A<\/sup>, Kerkesoucha) [epideik.]; P.Zen.Pest. <\/strong>20 (252A<\/sup>, ArsN); PSI<\/strong> IX<\/strong> 1029.21-23 (52\/3, OxN); X<\/strong> 1098.29-32 (51A<\/sup>, Tebt) [epideik.]; SB III<\/strong> 6302.4-6 (214\/3A<\/sup>, UP); XII<\/strong> 10942.16-19 (4A<\/sup>, OxN); 11234.16-17 (210\/1, Ox); XVI<\/strong> 12373.15-16 (158A<\/sup>, ArsN) [epipher., apod. (imp.aor.), \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1;]; XVIII<\/strong> 13885.18-21 (549\/562, ArsPol).<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n

<\/div>\r\n

35. Prostheke<\/em><\/h2>\r\nCategory: Remuneration\r\n\r\nLink to Synallagma<\/a>\r\n

One document only, SB XXII 15729.26-29 (639 CE, Arsinoiton Polis), records the imposition of an additional payment for leased land: \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u1fc7 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 | 27<\/sup> \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1[\u03bf]\u03c5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u039c\u03b7\u03bd\u1fb6 \u03c5\u1f31\u03bf\u1fe6 | 28<\/sup> \u0392\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u1fd6\u03bd \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f21\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 (l<\/em>. \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2) \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba(\u03b7\u03bd) | 29<\/sup> \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03c2 (\u2018And if it happens that an additional charge is placed upon the arouras<\/em> of Menas, son of Benjamin, you, in turn, shall pay the additional payment on said arouras<\/em> proportionately\u2019). Cf. Sijpesteijn (1994): 281.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n

36. Epigeorgein<\/em><\/h2>\r\nCategory: Remuneration\r\n\r\nLink to Synallagma<\/a>\r\n

The lessee\u2019s outlays on behalf of the lessor, including taxes, are supposed to be reimbursed by deduction from rent (see: hypologos<\/em>). If the lessor fails to reimburse the lessee using other resources, the lessee may apply the praxis<\/em> against him, or, alternatively, continue to cultivate the land (\u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd) until he recovers his losses. The same means is used for the recovery of the prodoma<\/em>. All the documents that exhibit this clause are Ptolemaic and all but one stem from the Arsinoite nome. See, e.g., P.Tebt. I 105.49-52 (103 BCE, Kerkeosiris): \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u03ad \u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03b8\u1fc6\u03b9 \u03a0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03bc[\u03b1]\u1fd6\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5[\u03c3\u03c7]\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f22 \u1f69\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u1f78\u03bd \u1f22 \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4[\u03b9]\u03bd\u0323\u1f70 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c3\u03c6\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u1f70\u0323[\u03bd] | 50<\/sup>\u00a0 \u0323 \u00a0\u0323[ \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323] \u00a0\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03c2\u0323 [\u03c3]\u03cd\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1 \u1f41\u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c9{\u03b9} \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd, \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u1fc6\u03b9 \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9{\u03b9} \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u1f69\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd | 51<\/sup> [\u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4]\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1f70 \u03b3\u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03be\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03b9\u0323 \u03a0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03b9 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5 \u03b2\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u1fb6\u03be\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd, \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u1f31\u03c1\u1fc6\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03ba\u03bb\u1fc6\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6[\u03bd] | 52<\/sup> [\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6]\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f02\u03bd \u03c4\u1f70 \u1f11\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u0323\u03bd\u00a0 \u0323\u00a0 \u0323\u00a0 \u0323\u00a0 \u0323[\u00a0 \u0323\u00a0 \u0323] (\u2018If Ptolemaios is called upon to pay anything to the state on behalf of Maron, whose property has been impounded, or of Horion, or to make any other contribution, he shall deduct from the rent the equivalents of the sums in the tax receipts, and if this is not sufficient to make good on the debt, Horion shall pay him the additional amount. If Horion fails to pay him as aforesaid, Ptolemaios has the right either, if he chooses, to exact the deficiency from him or, if he prefers, to continue cultivating the holding at the same rent beyond the term of the lease until he recovers his debt in full with (interest?)\u2019). (transl.: editio princeps<\/em>, p. 460).<\/p>\r\n

BGU VI<\/strong> 1272.18-19 (173A<\/sup>, Hephaistias) [context not clear]; P.Frank.<\/strong> 1.37-40 (213A<\/sup>, Tholt) [prodoma]; P.Freib.<\/strong> III<\/strong> 12a.6 (IIfA<\/sup>, UP); 34.33-34 (173A<\/sup>, Phil) [prodoma]; P.Tebt.<\/strong> I<\/strong> 105.49-51 (103A<\/sup>, Kerkeosiris) [hypologos]; P.Trier<\/strong> I<\/strong> 12.56-60? (179A<\/sup>, Herak); P.Yale<\/strong> I<\/strong> 51.28?-30 (184A<\/sup>, Kerkesoucha) [hypologos]; PSI<\/strong> X<\/strong> 1098.33-37 (51A<\/sup>, Teb) [hypologos]; SB XVI<\/strong> 12373.17-18 (158A<\/sup>, ArsN) [hypologos].<\/p>\r\n\r\n

37. Epileipsis<\/em><\/h2>\r\nCategory: Remuneration\r\n\r\nLink to Synallagma<\/a>\r\n

The epileipsis <\/em>clause is recorded in just one Ptolemaic lease, PSI X 1098.38 (51 BCE, Tebtynis). In this contract, the lessee is instructed to pay rent in the lump sum of 27 wheat artabae<\/em> for a period of one year. The lessee, however, is entitled to reimbursement for everything he paid to the state. If the lessee is not reimbursed, he is entitled to cultivate the land further, until he regains his losses. Even under these circumstances, however, he is still liable to pay the rent, as is set out in the epileipsis<\/em> clause: \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f10\u03c0{\u03b5}\u03b9\u03bb\u0323[\u03b5\u03af]\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd[\u03c1]\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u2039\u03b5\u203a\u1fd6\u03c2 (\u2018If they fall short in paying the rent in kind, the rate will be three wheat artabae<\/em> per aroura<\/em>\u2019).<\/p>\r\n\r\n

38.\u00a0 \u00a0Abrochos<\/em><\/h2>\r\nCategory: Remuneration\r\n\r\nLink to Synallagma<\/a>\r\n

The abrochos <\/em>clause is recorded in 69 documents, 66 of which are leases. The clause is used in all periods. It is attested in all regions but seems particularly common in the Oxyrhynchite source material, which yields 35 documents, followed by the Arsinoites with 19. The condition may find expression in the preposition \u1f10\u03c0\u03af + dative, genitive, (P.Oxy. LXXXII 5236.12: \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f00\u03b2\u03c1\u03cc]\u03c7\u0323\u03c9 ( l. [\u1f00\u03b2\u03c1\u03cc]\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5)?), or in a genitive absolute. In most cases, however, the state of abrochia<\/em> is recorded in a protasis<\/em>: \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u03ad \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u1fc6 \u1f04\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 (\u2018If some land becomes uninundated\u2019) is the commonest formulation. The clause may record the time frame (\u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c3\u03b9\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u1f11\u03be\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03b9, \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c3\u03b9\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f14\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9). Some scribes add consideration of scenarios other than from abrochia<\/em>: \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 (\u2018carried away by a river\u2019), \u1f55\u03c6\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 (\u2018sandy\u2019), \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03be\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 (\u2018eroded\u2019), \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1fbd \u1f55\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 (\u2018underwater,\u2019 \u2018flooded\u2019). It may also record the invocation \u1f43 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03b5\u1f34\u03b7 (\u2018may it never be the case\u2019). The consequences of a state of abrochia<\/em> are, in a matter of course, a deduction from the rent in proportion to the unwatered area. The medial voice of the composite verb \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 is used in the Ptolemaic period (here denoting \u2018credit\u2019) with the lessor as the subject, the lessee as an indirect object, and the rent as the object. Cf., e.g., BGU X 1943.8-9 (215\/4 BCE, Tholthis): \u1f10\u1f70\u0323\u03bd \u03b4\u03ad \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u1fc6 \u1f04\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b8\u0323\u03c9 \u03a0\u03cd[\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u039a\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03c9\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03a6\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd] | 9<\/sup> \u03c4\u1fc6\u0323\u03c2 \u1f00\u03b2\u0323\u03c1\u03cc\u0323\u03c7\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c5\u0323 \u03b3\u1fc6\u0323[\u03c2 \u03b3]\u03b5\u0323\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 (\u2018If some land becomes uninundated, let Pyrrhos credit to Klados in proportion of the rent of the land that became uninundated\u2019). The rule that became established in the Roman period, however, is the passive voice of \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9, with the rent as the subject and the lessee as the indirect object. BGU III 831.14-16 (201 CE, Soknopaiou Nesos): \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u03ad \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f04\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f22 \u03ba\u03b1|15<\/sup>\u03b8\u02bc \u1f55\u03b4[\u03b1]\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03b8(\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1\u03af) \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4[\u1f78] | 16<\/sup> [\u00a0 \u0323\u00a0 \u0323\u00a0 \u0323] \u1f10\u0323[\u03ba\u03c6]\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (\u2018If some land becomes uninundated or flooded, let the rent be credited to my benefit\u2019). In both cases, the clause states that the deduction is proportional to the area of the uninundated land (\u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd or \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd). A different Ptolemaic formulation is also evident, e.g., in BGU VI 1270.22-23 (191 BCE, Takona): \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f00\u0323\u03b2\u0323[\u03c1\u03cc]\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03b9 \u03b3\u1fc6\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03b9 \u1f51\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb[\u03bf]|23<\/sup>\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9 \u03a3\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b3\u1fc6\u03c2 [\u03b5]\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1[\u03b9\u03b1] (\u2018For each piece of land that becomes uninundated, let there be a deduction for that land as the share of the aforementioned rent\u2019). In 2 documents, P.Wisc. I 7.23-28 (259\/60 CE, Oxyrhynchos) and SB XVIII 14001.19-21 (486 CE, Arsinoites), instead of enjoying a deduction from the rent, the lessee is instructed to take active measures. So it is in P.Wisc. I 7.23-28 (259\/60 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u03ad \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2, \u1f43 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03b5\u1f34\u03b7, \u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f11\u03be\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c7[\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u1ff3] | 24<\/sup> \u1f04\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u1f10\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bb[\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f41] | 25<\/sup> \u03bc\u0323\u03b5\u0323\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u0323[\u03bf]\u03c2\u0323 \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u0323[\u03b5\u03c2] | 26<\/sup> [\u1f30\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2] \u1f11\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b4\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b9 \u03b4\u03af|27<\/sup>\u03bc\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03b9\u0323\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03bd{\u03b5}\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b2\u03c1\u03cc|28<\/sup>\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u0323 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd (\u2018If, God forbid, in the following period of time some part of the land becomes uninundated, the lessee shall by necessity irrigate at his own cost and expense two-thirds of the land that he would have had to cultivate in case of inundation by the flooding of the Nile, as well as (pay two-thirds) of the rent (which he would have had to pay in the case of inundation by the flooding of the Nile)\u2019).<\/p>\r\nBibl.: Waszy\u0144ski (1905): 131-133; Schnebel (1925): 24-29; Taubenschlag (1955): 361; Herrmann (1958): 161-162; Geginat (1964): 28; July (1966): 31-32; Mayer-Maly (1967): 140-146; Hennig (1972): 118-119; Bonneau (1994): 23-27; Kruse (2002): 233-237.\r\n\r\nabroch.<\/strong>: \u1f04\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 akrodry.<\/strong>: \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f00\u03b2\u03c1\u1f79\u03c7\u03c9\u03b9 \u1f00\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03c1\u03cd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd ;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 ekphor.<\/strong>: \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 kathhyd.<\/strong>: \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03c5\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 paradech.<\/strong>: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 prosdech.<\/strong>: \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n

BGU II<\/strong> 640.12-14 (185, SokN) [abroch., kathhyd.; paradech.]; III<\/strong> 831.14-16 (201, SokN) [abroch., kathhyd.; paradech.: ekphor.]; VI<\/strong> 1268.11-13 (IIIsA<\/sup>, UP) [abroch.; prosdech.]; 1270.20-21 (191A<\/sup>, Takona) [abroch.(GA); \u1f51\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9]; X<\/strong> 1943.8-9 (215\/423A<\/sup>, Tholt) [abroch.; prosdech.]; 1951.2-3 (221A<\/sup>-205A<\/sup>, OxN) [abroch.*; prosdech.]; XIX<\/strong> 2813.2-4 (V\/VI, Herm) [\u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03bc\u03bd\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b7, \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; CPR I<\/strong>\u00a0239.9-11 (212, SokN) [abroch., kathhyd.; paradech.: ekphor.]; XVIIb<\/strong> 6.9-10 (184\/5, Panop); 39.6 (217\/8, Panopolis); P.Amh. II<\/strong> 85.14-17 (78, Herm) [abroch. et al.; paradech.]; 86.13-14 (78, Herm) [abroch., paradech.]; P.Bas. II<\/strong> 53.18 (VIm<\/sup>, Herm) [abroch., \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03bc\u03b9]; P.Flor.<\/strong> III<\/strong> 368r.12-15 (96, Herm) [abroch. et al.; paradech.]; P.Fouad<\/strong> I 43.36-38 (189\/90, Phoboou) [abroch.; paradech.]; P.Frankf.<\/strong> 1.13-15 (213A<\/sup>, Tholt) [abroch.; paradech.: ekphor.]; P.Freib. III<\/strong> 21.8-9; 22.10 (178A<\/sup>, Phil) ?; 25.11 (178A<\/sup>, Phil) ?; 34.11 (173A<\/sup>, Phil) [abroch.*(GA); ed.: \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9 \u0398\u03b5\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f14[\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1;]; P.Harr.<\/strong> I<\/strong> 80.27-28 (249, OxN) [abroch.; paradech.]; P.Horak<\/strong> 8.8-9 (VI, HermN) [abroch. (dat.); \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9]; P.Iand.<\/strong> III<\/strong> 28.20 (104, Thead) [paradech.]; P.Lond. II<\/strong> 350.11-13 (212, SokN) [abroch., kathhyd.; paradech.: ekphor.]; P.Messeri <\/strong>30.12-15 (212, SokN) [abroch., kathhyd.; paradech.: ekphor.]; P.Michael.<\/strong> 43.9-11 (526, Aphr) [abroch.]; P.Oxf. <\/strong>16.10 (VI\/VII, HermN) [abroch.(dat.); \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5]; P.Oxy.<\/strong> I<\/strong> 101.24-26 (142, Ox) [abroch; paradech.]; III<\/strong> 501.27-30 (186, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; VI<\/strong> 910.26-28 (197, Pekerke\/Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; VIII<\/strong> 1125.10-12 (II, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; X<\/strong> 1279.22-24 (139, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; XIV<\/strong> 1689.24-26 (266, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; XVIII<\/strong> 2189.22-25 (219, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; XXXI<\/strong> 2584.16-17 (211, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; XXXIII<\/strong> 2676.41-43 (151, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; XXXVIII<\/strong> 2874.33-35 (108, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; XLIX<\/strong> 3489.20-22 (72\/3, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.: ekphor.]; L<\/strong> 3589.11-12 (II, OxN) [abroch.; paradech.]; 3591.27-30 (219, OxN) [abroch.; paradech.]; 3592.21-24 (218-261?, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; LVII<\/strong> 3911.42-44 (199, Pimpasi) [abroch.; paradech.]; LXVII<\/strong> 4595.20-23 (261, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; LXIX<\/strong> 4739.12-13 (127, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; 4745.25-27 (202, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; LXXI<\/strong> 4827.21-23 (173\/4, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; LXXXII<\/strong> 5326.12-13 (437\/8, Ox); P.Oxy.Hels. <\/strong>41.27-29 (223\/4, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; P.Ryl.<\/strong> IV<\/strong> 601.15-16 (26a, PtolEu) [akrodry.]; P.Soter.<\/strong> 3.36-37? (89\/90, Thead) [akrodry.]; P.Tebt.<\/strong> I<\/strong> 106.18-20 (101A<\/sup>, PtolEu) [abroch.; \u1f51\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9]; II<\/strong> 374.19-21 (131, Teb) [abroch.; paradech.]; P.Trier<\/strong> I<\/strong> 12.17-18 (179A<\/sup>, HerakN) [abroch.; \u1f51\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9]; P.Wisc.<\/strong> I<\/strong> 7.23-28 (259\/60, Ox) [abroch.; unique]; P.Yale<\/strong> I<\/strong> 51.17-18 (184A<\/sup>, Kerkesoucha) [abroch.; \u1f51\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9]; PSI<\/strong> X<\/strong> 1098.12-14 (51A<\/sup>, Teb) [abroch.; \u1f51\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9]; SB VI<\/strong> 8976.16-17 (after 28.11.105A<\/sup>, SokN) [abroch., kathhyd.; paradech.: ekphor.]; X<\/strong> 10263.17-19 (204, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; 10533.16-20 (171, UP) [abroch.(v); paradech.]; XII<\/strong> 11061.9-11 (218A<\/sup>, Tholt) [abroch.; prosdech.]; XIV<\/strong> 11281.22-24 (172, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; XVI<\/strong> 13017.12-14 (24A<\/sup>, SokN) ?; XVIII<\/strong> 14001.19-21 (486, ArsN) [abrochia; irrigation]; XX<\/strong> 14338.3-5 (120, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; 14464.18-21 (II, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; 14983.10-12 (II, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; 14984.7-9 (140-210, OxN) [abroch.; paradech.]; SPP V<\/strong> 119r II ll. 21-23 ? (266, Herm) [abrochia; \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f10\u03bd\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fc7\u03b4\u03b5 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03b1\u1f31\u03c1\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9]; 119r.7.22-24 (266, Herm); 119r.8.9-10 (266, Herm) [abroch.; irrigation].<\/p>\r\n\r\n

39.\u00a0 Land Lost due to Inundation<\/h2>\r\nCategory: Remuneration\r\n\r\nLink to Synallagma<\/a>\r\n

This clause is attested just once, in the Byzantine SB XXII 15729.29-36 (635 CE, Arsinoiton Polis): \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u1fc7 | 30<\/sup> \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03c9\u03b8\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f55\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 | 31<\/sup> \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f21\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 (\u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2) \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u1fd6\u03be\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fd6\u03bd (read \u1f21\u03bc\u1fd6\u03bd) \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 | 32<\/sup> \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f76\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03c3\u03c9\u03b8\u1ff6\u03c3\u03b9 | 33<\/sup> \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f55\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u1fc7 \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba \u03bb\u03b9\u03b2\u1f78\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb(\u1ff6\u03bd) | 34<\/sup> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u1fb6 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 | 35<\/sup>\u00a0\u1f21\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 (l.<\/em> \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2) \u03c0\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u1f51\u03bc\u0323\u1fd6\u03bd (l.<\/em> \u1f21\u03bc\u0323\u1fd6\u03bd) \u03c4\u1f70 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1[\u03b1] \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc(\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1) | 36<\/sup>\u00a0\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03c2. (\u2018and if it happens that said arouras<\/em> are destroyed by inundation, you shall point them out to us and they shall be free from taxes and, on the other hand, if they are saved from inundation and if it happens that the arouras<\/em> to the west and east and north of these [arouras<\/em>] will be sown, you shall again pay us the same four nomismatia<\/em> yearly as rent\u2019. (transl.: Sijpesteijn (1994): 279).<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n

40. Additional Land<\/h2>\r\nCategory: Remuneration\r\n\r\nLink to Synallagma<\/a>\r\n

This clause discusses the possibility that, as a result of measurement, the lessor will find more land than that stated in the document and set the rent for this land at eight wheat artabae<\/em> per aroura. It is recorded in only one contract, with three copies. Cf., e.g., P.Frank. 2.56-60 (scr.ext.) (215\/4 BCE, Tholthis): [\u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323]\u03c9\u03bc\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 | 57<\/sup> [ \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u03b5\u1f55\u03c1\u1fc3 \u0395]\u1f54\u0323\u03c0\u0323\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03c9 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd\u0323 [\u03b5]\u1f34\u0323[\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5]|58<\/sup>[\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd] \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u00a0\u0323[ \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323] \u00a0\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c5\u0323\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03ad[\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd, \u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03ad\u03c3]|59<\/sup>[\u03b8\u03c9]\u03c3\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03bd\u0323 \u0395\u0323\u1f50\u0323\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u0323 \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u0323\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0[\u03c5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd] | 60<\/sup>\u00a0\u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f40\u0323\u03ba\u0323\u03c4\u1f7c \u27e6\u03c7\u0323\u03c9\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u1f76\u0323\u03c2\u0323 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u27e7 \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03c3\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u0323[\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9] \u2018And if, as a consequence of land measurement, Eupolis finds more land than the twenty-two arouras<\/em> and this share has been sown, let a rent of eight wheat-artabae,<\/em> seeds included, be paid to Eupolis for each aroura<\/em>\u2019.<\/p>\r\nBibl.: Herrmann (1958): 164; July (1966): 31.\r\n

BGU VI <\/strong>1263.13-16 (215\/4A<\/sup>, Tholt) [with additional copies in BGU VI<\/strong> 1264.13-15 and P.Frankf.<\/strong> 2.15-19 (scr.int.), 56-60 (scr.ext.)].<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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41. Gon\u00ea<\/em><\/h2>\r\nCategory: Remuneration\r\n\r\nLink to Synallagma<\/a>\r\n

In the rare genre of animal leases, the status of offspring born during the term of the lease is discussed in three documents. The term \u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03ae, used to denote offspring in various contexts (e.g., P.Oxy. I 74.20: 166 CE, Oxyrhynchos: declaration of newly born livestock), is employed here as well. In one case, P.Princ. III 151.14-17 (341 CE, Ibion), a lessee who has to replace cows which have died during the term of the lease (see \u2018athanatos<\/em><\/a>\u2019<\/em>) is entitled to the offspring: \u1f10\u03c0\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f43\u0323 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03b3\u0323\u03af\u03bd\u0323\u03b7|14<\/sup>\u03c4\u03bf (l<\/em>. \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9|\u03c4\u03bf) \u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba\u03b2\u1fc7 \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bc\u1f72 | 15<\/sup> \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u0323\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd, \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd | 16<\/sup> \u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f54\u03c3\u03b7\u0323\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03b1[\u1f50]\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd [\u03ba]\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03c1[\u03ad]\u03c8\u0323[\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2] | 17<\/sup> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u0323[\u03c2 \u1f10]\u03c0\u0323\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 ('If, may it never happen, death occurs, let me, the lessee, bear the consequences and let their offspring fall to the share of the same lessee, as also their nourishing and all type of care\u2019). The same connection is made in P.Sakaon 71.21-23 (306 CE, Theadelphia): \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd\u0323 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b1\u1f30\u03b3[\u1ff6]\u03bd\u0323 \u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd [\u03ba\u03b1]\u1f76 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 (l<\/em>. \u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2) | 22<\/sup>\u00a0\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03ba\u03b5\u03b4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76, \u1f43 [\u03bc]\u1f74 \u03b5\u1f34\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf (l<\/em>. \u03b5\u1f34\u03b7), \u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af[\u03b1\u03c2] \u03ba\u0323\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bf[\u03bd]\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f10[\u03bc\u1f72] \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9|23<\/sup>\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd. (\u2018The procreation of the sheep and goats, their pasture, green fodder, juniper resin, and (God forbid!) death, as well as the care of provisioning for their offspring, resting upon me, the lessee\u2019) (transl.: P.Sakaon, p. 176). A shorter version of the same text is used in P.Lond. V 1833.7-9 (IV CE, Unknown Provenance).<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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42. Surplus<\/h2>\r\nCategory: Remuneration\r\n\r\nLink to Synallagma<\/a>\r\n

In P.Yadin 21.18-21 (130 CE, Maoza), recording a purchase of fruit, the purchaser\/lessee is entitled to collect surplus: \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b5\u1f34 \u03c4\u03b9 \u1f02\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5|19<\/sup>\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u1fc7 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03c6\u03bf\u03af\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 | 20<\/sup>\u00a0\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03c9\u03bc\u03b5 (l<\/em>. \u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9) \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bc\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bd|21<\/sup>\u03b1\u03bb\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd (\u2018If there is any surplus in relation to the aforementioned fruit, I shall take dates for myself in return for scything and expenses\u2019). The same provision is incorporated into P.Yadin 22.25-28 (130 CE, Maoza), which reports the same contract from the viewpoint of the vendor\/lessor. Note the similarities to the sharecropping clause.<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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43. Illness<\/h2>\r\nCategory: Remuneration\r\n\r\nLink to Synallagma<\/a>\r\n

In one apprenticeship contract, P.Oxy. XXXVIII 2875.21-28 (IIIe<\/sup> CE, Oxyrhynchos), the prospects of the apprentice\u2019s illness are taken into consideration. In such an event, the apprentice will stay with and be attended to by the master. He will then remain with the master for a time equivalent to that of the illness without remuneration. \u1f10\u03c0\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f43 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03b5\u1f34\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u1fc7 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50|22<\/sup>\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u1f00\u0323\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9, \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u0323\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b1\u0323\u1f50|23<\/sup>\u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4[\u03ac]\u03c4[\u1fc3] \u1f10\u0323\u03c0\u0323\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u0323\u03b5\u0323\u03bd\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c2\u0323 \u1f51\u03c0\u0323\u02bc \u03b1\u1f50\u0323\u03c4\u0323\u03bf\u1fe6\u0323 | 24<\/sup> [\u03ba]\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f67\u03bd \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u1f00\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u1fc3 \u1f21\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd | 25<\/sup>\u00a0\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 [\u1f34]\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u1fc3 | 26 <\/sup>\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f76\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b1\u03ba\u03b1|27<\/sup>\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u1f50\u0323[\u03c4\u1f78]\u03bd \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c0\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5|28<\/sup>\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03cc\u03bd (\u2018In case, may it not be, he should happen to be sick during the said period, he will stay with the said overseer, being cared for by him, and for as many days as he is off work with illness he shall remain an equal number with the overseer after his term, without pay, because he is taking the aforementioned pay which does not allow for time off (?).\u2019 (transl.: editio princeps<\/em>, p. 100).<\/p>\r\nBibl.: Westermann (1914): 303; Zambon (1935): 61-65; Bergamasco (1995): 160; Herrmann (1957-1958): 130; Bagnall (1968): 135-139; Perdicoyianni-Paleologou (1999): 165-166.\r\n\r\n<\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"

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\n

Remuneration is a key feature in all contracts that record the conveyance of rights to a person or object. An account of the amount of remuneration and the terms of its delivery are essentialia negotii<\/em> in documents of sale, lease, loan, and labour. The term used to denote remuneration, however, varies in accordance with the purpose of the document. In sale documents, it is \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f75; where allotment land is at stake, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1f79\u03bd appears; and in loan contracts, \u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u1f79\u03c2 is the most common. Alternative terms become frequent in Late Antiquity. In land leases, common terms are \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u1f79\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd if rent is paid in kind and \u03c6\u1f79\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 if in cash. When the object of sale is a house, the term routinely invoked is \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u1f77\u03ba\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd. Finally, the most common term in labour contracts is \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u1f79\u03c2 but a wide variety of alternative terms appear in specific contexts. Some labour contracts record assignments that are treated not as salary but as provisions that allow an employee to duly perform the designated work. As such, they are addressed elsewhere in this book.<\/p>\n

As a rule, the amount of remuneration and the terms of its delivery are treated separately in the contracts: the former in the remuneration clause<\/strong> and the latter in the delivery clause<\/strong>. For remuneration sums, we find two different patterns. In the Ptolemaic period, rent and interest are addressed in the \u2018creation clause\u2019, the clause that records the act of contracting, and are reported in the genitive case. Such is not the case in sale documents and labour contracts. Especially in the case of sales, it was thought crucial to record the payment of the price in an independent clause that reports the amount of consideration and the act of its delivery. Over time, however, changes occurred: the amount of the rent and also, eventually, the interest were recorded in an independent clause and the price absorbed, in some sale contracts, into the creation clause.<\/p>\n

In the second section of this chapter (Prepayments and Special Payments), we cover types of remuneration that are subsidiary, viz., unnecessary for the execution of the contract and not constitutive of the contract as such. Some contracts record an advance payment of some of the principal remuneration category (prepayment). The phenomenon is well attested in all periods in lease and labour contracts, using, as a rule, the aforementioned standard terminology to designate the remuneration. In other cases discussed in this chapter, however, the picture is different, at least initially: the arrhabon<\/em> is used to denote a prepayment made in anticipation of the conclusion of an act of sale and the payment of the consideration. The arrhabon,<\/em> however, is distinct from the \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f75 in both terminology and in consequences: its payment does not effectuate the conveyance of title. Also distinct from the main payment is the prodoma<\/em>. In the Ptolemaic period, the prodoma<\/em> functions as a loan in cash, given by the lessee to the lessor when the contract is executed. The prodoma<\/em> too, however, is clearly distinguished from the rent, which is paid in kind in the course of the contract. In fact, the lessor cannot collect the rent before he has returned the prodoma<\/em> to the lessee. Only later in their respective history are the arrhabon<\/em> and the prodoma<\/em> used to denote prepayment of the main remuneration category. A clear distinction is also maintained in the Byzantine period between the key rent category and the syneteia<\/em>, which is annually dispensed in kind in addition to the principal rent.<\/p>\n

The remaining three parts of this section focus on the principal remuneration.<\/p>\n

In the third section we discuss the terms of its delivery. As the reader will notice, however, the title of this section is somewhat inaccurate. In the case of leases, the clause discussed here regulates the terms of delivery of the rent (remun. 18). In two cases that follow (remun. 20, 23), the clauses pertain not to the delivery of the remuneration but to the repayment of a loan (remun. 20) and the delivery of a commodity in the case of a sale on delivery (remun. 23). In both cases, the act of delivery also brings the contract to an end. The reason for including these clauses in the present chapter is semantic rather than substantial. The verb used in them to denote the delivery of the commodity is \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, and the rest of the terminology is largely identical in all cases. Thus, an account of the quality, quantity, measurement, modes of shipment, and place of delivery commonly appears in the clause that records the repayment of the loan and\u2014in commodity sales\u2014the delivery of the commodity.<\/p>\n

The terminology itself remains constant throughout the Ptolemaic, Roman, and Byzantine periods. The syntax, however, changes. In the \u2018protocol style\u2019 of the Ptolemaic period, the act of delivery is reported paratactically in an independent clause given in the aorist tense and the imperative mode. In the \u2018subjective style\u2019 (understood here as the introduction of the contract through the verb \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1f73\u03c9), the imperative aorist is replaced with the future indicative or the future infinitive. In connection with the same change, the delivery clause becomes hypotactic and is introduced by a relative clause. In the Byzantine period, the clause undergoes a shift as new verbs, particularly \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f73\u03c7\u03c9, are used to denote delivery. The common form now is the aorist infinitive, introduced not by the \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1f73\u03c9 that denotes the act of contracting, but by another \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1f73\u03c9 or by other modal constructions that introduce the infinitive aorist and have a jussive sense.<\/p>\n

In all the above cases, the clause stipulating the delivery of the commodity is followed by a penalty clause that prescribes sanctions in the event of nonperformance. The clause follows the scheme routinely applied in any penalty clause studied in this book: a protasis<\/em> that specifies the act that the obligor may fail to perform, followed by a compound of the verb \u03c4\u1f77\u03bd\u03c9, most commonly \u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u1f77\u03bd\u03c9 or \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u1f77\u03bd\u03c9, and concluding with the indemnity. The object is quite similar in all three scenarios of the delivery of cash and fungibles and quite different from that imposed in other formulaic contexts, particularly those involving land and slave sales. In wine sales, the vendor must offer to replace spoiled wine. In the event of failure to deliver wine or any other commodity, however, the obligor should tender the monetary value of the missing commodity and, in the case of cash, add interest on account of the defaulted payment. The interest rate on defaulted payment, however, is not higher than that charged in the course of the contract. In addition, a delinquent debtor is instructed to pay a hemiolion<\/em> or, in the case of paratheke<\/em>, a diplon<\/em>. However, a payer in default is exempt from the fixed penalty (epitimon<\/em>), the legally prescribed penalty (prostimon<\/em>), and reimbursement of the obligee for damages or expenses, all of which are routinely introduced as penalties in documents concerning land and slave conveyance.<\/p>\n

The fourth section focuses on methods of defraying a debt other than repayment. Three clauses\u2014antichresis<\/em>: persons (remun. 30, antichresis<\/em>: property (remun. 29), and enoikesis<\/em> (remun. 31)\u2014are used in loan contracts. The last-mentioned, the kyrieueto<\/em> clause (remun. 32), is attested in land leases. In cases of antichresis<\/em>: persons, the debtor places himself or one of his dependents in the creditor\u2019s service until the debt is settled. The vocabulary is that of the labour contract. In cases of antichresis<\/em>: property and enoikesis<\/em>, the creditor is allowed to dispose of the debtor\u2019s property\u2014a lucrative asset that the creditor can use in the case of the antichresis<\/em>, the right to reside in a house in that of enoikesis<\/em>. In all three cases, the creditor is meant to retain the object as a means of regaining not the principal but only the interest. The right of disposal may apply during the period of the contract (and be used to defray the contractual interest) or in the event of default. The kyrieueto<\/em> clause allows the lessor to impound the crops of the estate until the rent is delivered. The text does not explain whether the kyrieia<\/em> would allow the lessor to appropriate crops permanently in the event of non-delivery of rent.<\/p>\n

The fifth and final section of this chapter investigates circumstances that would allow the parties to modify the amount paid. This possibility comes about in lease and labour contracts. In leases, although it is the lessor and not the lessee who is liable to taxes, quite frequently it is the lessee who pays it in practice. The largely Ptolemaic hypologos<\/em> clause (remun. 33), using the verb \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1f73\u03c9, regulates his reimbursement. The epigeorgein<\/em> clause (remun. 35) places means of recovery in the lessee\u2019s hands: he is allowed to continue cultivating the land until due reimbursement is made. Another circumstance that affects rent and is regulated in the contract (remun. 37, 38), is the over- or under-irrigation of the land. The gon\u00ea<\/em> and surplus clauses (remun. 39, 40) address the addition of objects\u2014livestock in the former, dates in the latter.\u00a0The last clause deals with the inability of an apprentice to perform his work due to illness (remun. 42).<\/p>\n

Section I. Object of Payment<\/h1>\n
\n

1. Price<\/h2>\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

An account of the consideration is indispensable in any document that records a sale. In the case of fungibles<\/a>, a clause that records delivery opens the document and is the only framework within which the object of the sale is specified. In documents that record the sale of immovables, animals, and slaves, on the other hand, the clause comes second, following the act of sale clause. Among the 838 attestations<\/span> of this clause on papyrus, we note three large groups and two smaller ones. Among the latter, we count [Type1]<\/strong><\/a> applications for the purchase of state land, in which the prospective purchaser declares his intention, once the sale is ratified, to transfer the consideration by means of a bank. Cf., e.g., P.Petaus 22.34-35 (185 CE, Syron Kome): \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u1f76\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac(\u03c8\u03c9) \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd | 35<\/sup> \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f74\u03bd \u03c3\u1f7a[\u03bd] \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u1f11\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf[\u03c3\u03af]\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd (\u2018After I am assigned (the object of sale) I shall remit the consideration together with the extra charges to the public bank\u2019). This is the only type of sale document in which payment is postponed to the future. [Type2]<\/strong><\/a> occurs in Greek translations of Egyptian documents: the Demotic t\u1ec9=k mtr \u1e25\ua723\u1e71=y<\/em>\u2018You have caused that my hearth is satisfied with …\u2019 is rendered, e.g., in CPR XV 2.2-3 (11 CE, Soknopaiou Nesos) through \u03c0\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fc6[\u03b9] \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1fc6\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 | 3<\/sup> \u03bf\u1f30\u03ba[\u03af\u03b1]\u03c2\u0323 (\u2018You have satisfied me with the price of the house in my possession\u2019), followed by a detailed account of the object (cf. Zauzich<\/span> (1968): no. 1: P.Louvre 2439.1-2 (330 BCE, Thebes). In both cases, the term for the consideration is \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f75.<\/p>\n

The three predominant groups are:<\/p>\n

[Type3]<\/strong><\/a> In the context of the sale katagraphe<\/em>, the indicative aorist of \u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u1f71\u03c3\u03ba\u03c9 (\u1f10\u03c0\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf), with the price amount recorded in the genitive [but see also Vierros<\/span> (2012): 155-158]. Cf., e.g., PSI IX 1025.17-18 (104 BCE, Hermonthis): \u1f10\u03c0\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf \u03a4\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u1fc6\u03c2 \u0396\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c1\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u1f61\u03c2 (\u1f10\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd) \u03bb\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03c7\u03c1(\u03c9\u03c2) \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1(\u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2) \u03b5\u1f50\u03b8\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03bf\u1f50\u03bb\u1f74 | 18<\/sup> \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u2039\u03b9\u203a \u03b4\u03b5\u03be(\u03b9\u1ff6\u03b9) \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03c9\u03bd (\u02bdTotoes son of Zmanres of the same pastophoroi,<\/em> age approximately 35, of medium height, round-faced, with a straight nose and a scar on his right wrist, has purchased for four thousand drachms of bronze currency\u2026\u2019). In the context of this clause, which is also attested epigraphically (cf., e.g., Game<\/span> (2008): n. 2: IVm<\/sup> BCE, Amphipolis) and incorporated into 89 papyri, we are not told whether the payment has already changed hands, nor does the document record a technical term for the consideration. As is the case with katagraphe<\/em> in general, this clause is best demonstrated in documents from the upper Egyptian Pathyrites but is still attested in the Roman period.<\/p>\n

[Type4]<\/strong><\/a> Following an Egyptian model (cf. Zauzich<\/span> (1968): Klausel 4a,30:\u00a0t\u1ec9=k n=y swn.\u1e71=f n \u1e25\u1e0f\u00a0<\/em>\u2018You gave me his price in silver …\u2019), recording the price in an independent clause becomes routine in the Roman period. This practice is quite striking because in contemporary leases the genitive absolute construction\u2014[<\/a>Type5<\/a>]<\/strong>, which functions as the counterpart of the price clause\u2014is preferred (See below: \u2018Rent\u2019.) In at least 419 \u00a0documents, the clause documents the receipt of the price, predominantly with the verb \u1f00\u03c0\u1f73\u03c7\u03c9. The object is most commonly termed tim\u00ea<\/em>, but kephalaion<\/em> and, in the case of catoicic land, parachoretikon<\/em> are also attested. Within the account of the price, [Type4]<\/strong><\/a> also reports the parties\u2019 accord and the fact that consideration was paid immediately (\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9, \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd) and in full (\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u1f75\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2). For a relatively succinct formulation, cf., e.g., P.Louvre I 11.15-17 (26-33 CE, Soknopaiou Nesos): \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 [\u1f00\u03c0]\u03ad\u0323|16<\/sup>[\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u02bc \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1]\u03c1\u0323\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u0323\u03b1 \u03c4\u0323\u1f74\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba[\u03b5]\u03c7\u03c9|17<\/sup>[\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd] [\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f74\u03bd \u03c0]\u1fb6\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 (\u2018\u2026 and he (the vendor) acknowledges that he has received from them (the purchasers) forthwith the entire agreed-upon consideration in full\u2019). The clause is also receptive to other details, particularly the identity of the payer (in \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f71 + gen.) and the object, along with the method of payment [cash (\u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f10\u03be \u03bf\u1f34\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5) vs. bank transfer (\u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u1f73\u03b6\u03b7\u03c2)]. A well-developed form of this clause appears in P.Oxy. X 1276.9-12 (249 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c6[\u03c9]\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc[\u03ad\u03bd]\u03b1\u03c2 | 10<\/sup> \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03ae\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f21\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1[\u03bf]\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7[\u03c3]\u03c4\u0323[\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03bf]\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5|11<\/sup>\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a3\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f11\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6 | 12<\/sup> \u1f14\u03be \u1f34\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 (\u2018The sum agreed upon between us for the price of said half share of the house with the appurtenances, seven hundred drachmas of Imperial silver coin, we have forthwith received from you in equal portions from hand to hand in full\u2019) (transl.: editio princeps<\/em>, p. 217). The clause remains in use in the Byzantine period; cf., e.g., P.Dubl. 32.7-9 (512 CE, Arsinoiton Polis): \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1 \u0395\u1f50\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c3\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03ae\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 | 8<\/sup> \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u02bc \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03be \u1f41\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f74\u03bd \u03c0\u1fb6\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u0323\u03c5\u0323 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1f70 \u03b4\u03cc\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f40\u03ba\u03c4\u1f7c \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c7\u03c1(\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5) \u03bd\u03bf(\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1) \u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae(\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2) \u03ba(\u03b1\u1f76) \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3(\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5) (\u03b4\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c9\u03bd) (\u03bc\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2) \u0391\u03c3, \u03b4\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u02bc \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c7\u1fd6\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\\\u03c5\/\u03c3\u03af\u1fb3 | 9<\/sup> \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f11\u03be\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd (\u2018The vendor Eulogios (also acknowledges) that he has received from the purchaser Pousis the total price in full, as mutually agreed and approved for the same cell sold to him by him in its entirety, eight full standard imperial solidi<\/em> of gold, and one thousand two hundred myriads of large silver. (Total:) 8 full solidi<\/em> of gold, and 1,200 myriads of denarii<\/em> of silver\u2019) (transl.: P.Dublin: p. 171).<\/p>\n

[Type5]<\/strong><\/a> The term \u2018consideration\u2019 and its sum both appear in the clause that records the act of sale, in the genitive, followed for the most part [for an exception see Kr\u00e4nzlein<\/span> (1990): 76] by a relative clause that reports the immediacy of the payment, its form, and the payer\u2019s identity. The earliest evidence of this on papyrus is the Latin slave-sale PSI VI 729 (77 CE, Unknown Provenance), where the price is recorded twice: first in ablativus pretii<\/em> in the clause recording the sale (l. 1: [C(aius) Uale]r\u0323ius Longus eq(ues) \u00b7 ala \u00b7 Apria(na) \u00b7 emit equom (l<\/em>. equum) \u00b7 Cappadocem \u00b7 nigrum \u00b7 \u27e6n\u27e7 dr(achmis) aug(uistis) \u221e \u221e<\/strong> DCC) (\u2018Gaius Valerius Longus, a cavalryman in the Aprian squadron, has purchased a black Cappadocian horse for 2,700 Augustan drachmas\u2019) and again in lines 4\u20135, in an acknowledgement of the actual receipt of the money: eas\u0323[que] | 5<\/sup> [dr(achmas) aug(ustas) \u221e \u221e<\/strong> DCC d]ixit se accepisse et habere (\u2018… and these 2,700 drachmas in Augustan silver (the vendor) acknowledges that he has received and has\u2026\u2019). The earliest Greek counterpart is PSI I 38.7-12 (101 CE, Hermopolis). The formulation found here\u2014\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1fc6\u0323(\u03c2) \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad|8<\/sup>\u03bd\u0323\u03b7\u0323\u03c2\u0323 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf|9<\/sup>\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u1f13\u03be, (\u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9) (\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u03b1\u1f76) \u03c4\u03db, \u1f03\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc|10<\/sup>\u03b8\u0323\u03b5\u0323\u03bd\u0323 \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 | 11<\/sup> \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd | 12<\/sup> \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u0323\u1f75\u03bd (\u2018… for the agreed-upon price of three hundred and six silver drachms, being 306 drachms, which I have forthwith received from you from hand to hand as the aforesaid consideration\u2019)\u2014maintains its key traits in later times. Although the clause becomes current in the second half of the second century, only in the fourth century does it come to the fore as the most common form of recording the price, used in 82 out of 140 late Roman and Byzantine documents that exhibit the clause in general.<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Montevecchi (1939): 28-33, 41-42, 48-49; (1941): 121-128, (1943): 39-46, 251; Pringsheim (1950): 194-203; L\u00fcddeckens (1960): 315; Zauzich (1968): 135-136; Straus (2004): 79-83, 135-139.<\/span><\/p>\n

BGU<\/span> I<\/strong> 13.6-7 (289, ArsN) [5]; 71.14-16 (189, Kar) [4]; 87.14-16 (144, SokN) [4]; 94.10-11 (289, PtolEu) [4]; 100.6-9 (159, ArsN) [4]; 153.20-23 (152, Dionysias) [4]; 177.9-11 (47, ArsN) [4]; 193.13-16 (136, PtolEu) [4]; 228.5-8 (II, ArsN) [4]; 233.8-9 (161-169, ArsN) [4]; 240.2-7 (167-169?, SokN) [4]; 282.29-32 (175-180, ArsN) [5]; 316.15-19 (359, Askalon) [5]; 319.18-19 (630, Alexandrou Nesos) [4: \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u1f7a \u1f21\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2]; 350.7-8 (103-115, Nilopolis) [4]; II<\/strong> 373.8-14 (two fragments) (298, ArsN) [5]; 413.8 (219, KerkArs); 416.4-7 (150, UP) [4]; 422.14-15 (139\/40, ArsN) [1]; 427.18-20 (159, SokN) [4]; 446.2-14 (169-177, Nilopolis) [4]; 453.9-12 (154, SokN) [4]; 469.8-10 (156-160, UP) [4]; 527.14-19 (197, PtolEu) [4]; 541.3-7 (177-180, ArsN) [4]; 542.8-11 (165, Athenas Kome) [4]; 543.11-13 (27A<\/sup><\/span>, Haueris) [4]; 584.5-6 (44, UP) [4]; 666.16-18 (177, ArsN) [4]; 667.10-11 (222, PtolEu) [4]; III<\/strong> 709.12-13 (138-161, Kar) [4]; 758.3-9 (189?, ArsN) [5]; 805.5-9 (138, SokN?) [4]; 806.4-6 (1, UP) [4]; 834.22-25 (125, Boubastos) [4]; 842.17-19 (140, Apias) [4]; 859.9-11 (161-163, ArsN) [4]; 883.7-8 (II, Kar) [4]; 887.7-8 (151, Side) [4]; 906.18-19 (34-35, ArsN) [hypog.: 4]; 913.9-11 (206, Myra) [5]; 917.11-13 (348, PtolEu) [5]; 937.12-13 (250, Herak) [5]; 982.8-11 (107, SokN) [4]; 986.13-16 (117-138, ArsN) [4]; 987.6-7 (19\/45, ArsN) [4]; 994.3.4-6 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 996.3.7-9 (112A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 997.3.9-10 (103A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 998.1.10-11 (101A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 999.1.8-9 (99A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 1000.1.7-8 (98A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; IV<\/strong> 1048.9-11 (100\/1 or 110\/1, ArsN) [4]; 1049.10-13 (342, PtolEu) [4]; 1059.5-6 (30A<\/sup><\/span>-14, Alex) [4]; 1065.5-12 (98, ArsN); 1066.7-10 (98, UP) [4]; 1127.5-14 (18A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex); 1128.15-16 (14A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex); 1129.17-19 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4]; 1146.5-16 (19A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4]; VI<\/strong> 1259.9-10 (100A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 1260.10-13 (101A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [4]; VII<\/strong> 1642.8-10 (II, Phil) [4]; 1643.10-11 (II, Phil) [4]; 1687.17-18 (II, Phil) [4]; XI<\/strong> 2049.12-14 (II, Herakleia) [4]; 2050.16-17 (106, ArsN) [4]; 2051.8-11 (126-8 or 147-9, ArsN) [4]; 2052.8 (II, Herakleia?) [4]; 2054.11-12 (184-192, PtolEu) [4]; 2055.13-14 (II, Nilopolis) [4]; 2095.21-23 (83, PtolEu) [4]; 2112.3-4 (Im<\/sup>, ArsN) [4]; 2113.9-10 (178\/9, Herm) [5]; 2114.10 (II, Herm) [4]; 2335.8-9 (42\/43, UP) [4]; XIII<\/strong> 2336.9 (208, Alexandrou Nesos) [5]; XIV<\/strong> 2398.4-10, 21-31 (213\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [4]; 2399.18-28, 39-46 (212\/1A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [4]; XV<\/strong> 2477.1-2 (I, ArsN) [4]; 2478.7-8 (90-96, Kar) [4]; 2479.5-8 (103-117, ArsN) [4]; 2480.16-17 (120?, Kar\/Kerkesoucha); 2481.13-16 (138-161, Themistos Meris); 2482.1-5 (191, ArsN) [4]; 2486.13 (93, Dionysias) [4]; XVII<\/strong> 2695.23 (608, Herm); 2698.6-14 (VII, Herm) [5]; XIX<\/strong> 2801.18-23 (Im<\/sup>, Herm); 2830.9 (309\/10, Herm) [4]; 2831.1-5 (VIf<\/sup>, Herm); 2833.5-6 (249, Herm) [4]; CPR<\/span> I<\/strong> 2.1-3 (II\/III, HerakN) [4]; 3.1-7 (\u0399\u0399\u0399m<\/sup>, ArsN) [4?]; 4.13-15 (52, Herakleia) [4]<\/u>; 54.a.5-b (II\/III, HerakN); 63.4-20 (223-235, HerakN) [4]; 64.18-21 (227, Peenamis) [5]; 73.21-23 (222-235?, HerakN) [5]; 76 + 89.9 (III, ArsN) [4]; 90.17-20 (IIIf<\/sup>, HerakN) [4]; 88.10-16 + 132 (IIIe<\/sup>, ArsN) [4]; 96.9-10 (IIIf<\/sup>, HerakN); 103.16-20 (III, HerakN) [5]; 104.12-16 (c. 190-192, ArsN) [5]; 105.8 (II, ArsN); 108.6-7 (IIIf<\/sup>, HerakN) [4]; 109.5-7 (III, ArsN) [5]; 110.2-4 (II, ArsN); 111.12-13 (II, Herak) [4]; 112.1-6 (II, ArsN) [4]; 113.1-6 (II, ArsN) [4]; 114.17-18 (II, ArsN) [4]; 120.4-5 (III, ArsN) [4]; 122.1-4 (IIIf<\/sup>, HerakN) [4]; 123.2 (IIIf<\/sup>, ArsN); 125.1 (IIIf<\/sup>, ArsN); 126.4-7 (250-270, ArsN) [4]; 128.8-10 (IIIf<\/sup>, ArsN) [4]; 130.1 (IIIf<\/sup>, ArsN) [4]; 131.9-11 (IIIf<\/sup>, HerakN) [5]; 136.1 (IIIf<\/sup>, ArsN); 137.5 (c. 200, HerakN) [hypog.: 4]; 141.4-7 (IIIf<\/sup>, Herak) [5]; 142.1-2 (IIIf<\/sup>, ArsN); 144.1-2 (IIIf<\/sup>, ArsN) [4]; 147.11-12 (IIIf<\/sup>, ArsN) [5]; 149.10-11 (IIIf<\/sup>, ArsN); 153.3-4 (IIIf<\/sup>, ArsN); 156.4-5 (IIIf<\/sup>, ArsN) [5]; 158.1-2 (193-211, ArsN) [4]; 159.11 (IIIf<\/sup>, ArsN); 162.11-14 (IIIf<\/sup>, ArsN) [4]; 170.12-13 (103-117, ArsN); 172.12-14 (118?, ArsN) [5]; 175.16-17 (IIIf<\/sup>, PtolEu) [4]; 176.22 (257, PtolEu) [4]; 179.11-12 (I\/II, PtolEu?) [4]; 184.2,5 (II, Herak or ArsN); 186.1?-4 (II, ArsN); 187.6-8 (145, PtolEu) [4]; 188.10-13 (106\/7, ArsN) [4]; 189.10-13 (II, ArsN) [4]; 190.2 (117-138, ArsN?); 191.6 (after 212, ArsN) [4]; 192.6 (II, ArsN) [4]; 197.11-15? (II, PtolEu) [4]; 198.7-8 (138, ArsN) [4]; 203.1-4 (III, ArsN); 204.5-6 (II, ArsN) [4]; 206a.10 (138-161, PtolEu) [4]; 206b.10 (138-161, ArsN) [4]; 211.2-5 (II, ArsN); 216.3-4 (I\/II, SokN); 227.11-12 (III, PtolEu?) [5]; VI<\/strong> 2.20-22 (144, Kerkesoucha) [4]; 73.21-25 (222-235, HerakN) [4]; VII<\/strong> 14.13 (305, Herm) [5]; 30.9 (138-161, Nilopolis) [4]; 36.7-10 (331, Herm) [5]; 47.5 (c. 645, HerakN) [5]; 48.6-7 (V, HerakN) [5]; VIII<\/strong> 18.5-9 (III, Ox) [4]; XV<\/strong> 2.2-4 (11, SokN) [4]; 18.10? (212\/1A<\/sup><\/span>?, UP); 47.4 (46\/7, SokN) [4]; XVIIa<\/strong> 17a.3-5 (321?, Herm) [4]; 27.5-6 (302, Herm) [5]; XVIIb<\/strong> 21.3? (217\/8, Panop) [4]; XVIII<\/strong> 4.79-81 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [4]; 25.46-50 (232A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [\u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f75\u03bd]; 27.1-7 (232A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [\u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f75\u03bd]; O.Berenike<\/span><\/strong> II 125.3-6 (61, Berenike) [4]; O.Kellis<\/span><\/strong> 145.8-12 (294, Kellis) [5]; P.Aberd.<\/span><\/strong> 55.6-9 (117-138, SokN?) [4]; P.Abinn.<\/span><\/strong> 60.9-15 (346, Dionysias) [4]; 64.15-17, 20-22 (co-vendor) (337-350, Alex\/Phil) [4]; P.Adler<\/span><\/strong> 1.2.6-7 (134A<\/sup><\/span>, KrokPat) [3]; 3.2.16 (112A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 5.2.9-10 (108A<\/sup><\/span>, KrokPat) [3]; 7.12-14 (104A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 8.10-11 (104A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 9.2.9-11 (104A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 11.2.11-13 (98A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 12.9-10 (101A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 13.2.2-4 (100A<\/sup><\/span>, KrokPat) [3]; 16.11 (99A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17.9-10 (99A<\/sup><\/span>, KrokPat) [3]; 18.7-9 (99A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 20 (98A<\/sup><\/span>, Poinkoris) [3]; 21.2.9-10 (98A<\/sup><\/span>, Path?) [3]<\/strong>; P.Alex.<\/span><\/strong> 38.b.5 (VI\/VII, ApolHept?) [3]; P.Alex.Inv.<\/span><\/strong> 131b (VI, UP); P.Amh.<\/span> II<\/strong> 51.2.27 (88A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 95.5-6 (109, Herm) [5]; 96.4-5 (213, Herm) [5]; 97.13-14 (181, SokN) [5]; 102.14-15 (180, PtolEu) [4]; P.Ammon<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 48.a.4 (after 9.12.348, Alex?) [5]; P.Amst.<\/span><\/strong> I 46.6 (218-228, Oasis Parva) [4]; P.Athen.<\/span><\/strong> 25.10-12 (61, Kar) [4]; 27.15-20 (150, Kar) [4]; P.Bad.<\/span> II<\/strong> 19a.6-9 (110, HermN) [4]; P.Bas.<\/span> II<\/strong> 19.6-17 (141, PtolEu) [4]; P.Bastianini<\/span><\/strong> 25.12-13 (V\/VI, Narmouthis) [4]; P.Batav.<\/span><\/strong> 6.3.25 (110A<\/sup><\/span>, Latopolis, Path) [3]; P.Berl.Cohen<\/span><\/strong> 8.15-18 (190, KerkArs) [4]; P.Berl.Leihg.<\/span> I<\/strong> 21.7-9 (309, KynopN) [5]; P.Bingen<\/span><\/strong> 60.9-10 (46, PtolEu) [4]; 61.7-9 (56, Teb) [4]; 75.3-5 (IIIb<\/sup>, Ox?) [4]; P.Bodl.<\/span> I<\/strong> 44.3-5 (310, UP) [5]; 45.14-19 (c. 610, Apol) [5]; P.Brook.<\/span><\/strong> 7.12-16 (152, SokN) [4]; P.Cair.Goodsp.<\/span><\/strong> 13.7-8 (341, Herm) [5]; P.Cair.Isid.<\/span><\/strong> 83.6-9 (IIIs<\/sup>, UP) [5]; 84.9-10 (267, PtolEu) [5]; 85.6-9 (275, Kar) [5]; 86.4-6 (309, Kar) [5]; P.Cair.Masp.<\/span> I<\/strong> 67097r<\/sup>.12-17 (571\/2?, Aphr) [5]; 67098.17-20 (540-565, Aphr?) [5]; 67115.14-15 (527-565, Aphr) [4]; II<\/strong> 67169.1-3, 54-61 (569, Antin) [5]; P.Col. <\/strong><\/span>VII<\/strong> 181.9-10 (342, Kar) [4]; VIII<\/strong> 219.4-14 (140, Alex) [4]; 222.56-59 (160\/1, Ox) [4]; X<\/strong> 263.8-12 (178, MemphN) [4]; 264.8-12 (178, Pitos) [4]; P.Coll.Youtie<\/span> I<\/strong> 19.15-16 (44, PtolEu) [4]; II<\/strong> 71.23-27 (281, Panop) [4]; 75.5-6 (III, Herm) [4]; P.Corn.<\/span><\/strong> 12.23-26 (283, Antin) [5]; 13.12-18 (311, Ox) [5]; P.Daris<\/span><\/strong> 27.11-12 (363, Ox) [5]; P.Dime<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 8GH.5-6 (23, SokN) [4]; 13GD.5 (23, SokN) [4]; 14GD.5 (29, SokN) [4]; 16GH.4, 10-11 (34?, SokN) [4]; 21GH.4 (45, SokN) [4]; 27GH.7-8 (54, SokN) [4]; 28GH.7-8 (55, SokN) [4]; 35GH.2-3 (41, SokN) [4]; P.Diog.<\/span><\/strong> 24.11-13 (138-161, Phil) [4]; 28.5-7 (223, Phil?) [5]; 31.9-10 (II\/III, Phil) [4]; P.Dubl.<\/strong><\/span> 10.6-19 (139-161, PtolEu) [4]; 32.7-9 (512, ArsPol) [4]; 33.7-10 (513, ArsPol) [4]; P.Dura<\/span><\/strong> 15.2-6 (IIA<\/sup><\/span>, Dura Europos) [3]<\/strong>; 25.9 (180, Dura Europos) [3]; 26.12-13 (227, Sachare) [5]; P.Erl.<\/span><\/strong> 63.4 (III, UP); 76.21-22 (IV, Ox); P.Euphrates<\/span><\/strong> 6.13-16 (249, Markopolis) [3]; 8.19-21 (251, Beth Phuraia) [5]; 9.17-18 (252, Beth Phuraia) [3]; 10.12-14 (250, Karrhai) [3]; P.Fam.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> 3.17-18 (92, PtolEu) [4]; 8.7-26 (103-114, ArsN) [4]; 23.12-13 (123, Teb) [4]; 27.18-20 (132, Teb) [4]; P.Fay.<\/span><\/strong> 92.13-18 (126, Thead) [4]; P.Flor.<\/span> I<\/strong> 22.19-22 (177, PtolEu) [4]; 24.23-25 (IIIm<\/sup>, PtolEu) [Arrhabon]; 25.7-9, l. 7 (IIIm<\/sup>?, PtolEu) [4]; 40.7-16 l. 11 (162\/3?, HermN) [4]; 47a.14-15 (217, Herm) [4]; 47b.35 (217, Herm) [4]; 51.10-14 l. 13 (138-161, ArsN) [4]; 90.1-3 (249, ArsN?) [5]; III<\/strong> 324.7-9 (I\/II, HermN) [4]; 380.4,12-13 (203\/4, Herm) [5]; P.Freib.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 8.5-8 (144, UP) [5: before act of sale]; P.FuadUniv.<\/span><\/strong> 19.11 (145\/6, UP); 21.15-16 (253-260, UP) [4]; P.Gen.<\/span> I<\/strong> 23.6-7 (70, ArsN) [4]; 29.12-14 (137, SokN) [4]; 30.11-13 (142, SokN) [4]; 35.7-9 (161, ArsN?) [4]; II<\/strong> 116.39-42 (247, Ox) [4]; P.Genov.<\/span> II<\/strong> 61.3-14 (If<\/sup>, ArsN) [5]; P.Giss<\/span><\/strong>. I<\/strong> 28.5-6 (142\/3, Herm) [4]; 51.1-8 (202, OxN) [4]; 100.10-13 (after 272, OxN) [4]; P.Graux<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 17.15 (307, Phil) [5]; P.Grenf.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 33r<\/sup>.1-5, ll. 3-4 (103A<\/sup><\/span>, Thebes) [3]; 33r<\/sup>.6-29, l. 24 (103A<\/sup><\/span>, Thebes) [3]; 33v<\/sup>.48 (after 103A<\/sup><\/span>, Thebes) [3]; 36.2.7? (106A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 60.30-34 (582?, Apol) [5]; II<\/strong> 15.2.6-10 (139A<\/sup><\/span>, Latop) [3]; 16.5-7 (136A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [5]; 23a.2.10-11 (107A<\/sup><\/span>, KrokPat) [3]; 32.8-9 (101A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 35.9-10 (98A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 46.14-16 (137, KerkArs) [4]; 74.8-11 (302, Kysis) [5]; P.Hamb.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 15.9-10 (209, PtolEu) [4]; 38.7-11 (182, LetopN) [5]; 63.2-3,10 (125\/6, Thebes?) [5] [4]; 97.6-7 (104\/5, Phil) [5]; II<\/strong> 184.3-6 (IIImA<\/span><\/sup>, OxN) [4]; 186.5-7 (IIImA<\/span><\/sup>, OxN) [4]; III<\/strong> 217.6-10 (If<\/sup>, Ox?) [4]; 218.4-5 (29\/30, Oxyrhyncha) [4]; P.Harr.<\/span><\/strong> I 138.3.11-29 ll. 24-25 (92, Senepta) [4]; 146.1-5 (184, UP) [4]; P.Heid.<\/span><\/strong> X 447.16-19 (98-117, Ankyron) [4]; P.Herm.<\/span><\/strong> 28.4-8 (503, Ta Memnomeia); P.Hib<\/strong>.<\/span> I<\/strong> 84a.3-4, 18-19 (285\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, HerakN?) [4]; P.Iand.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 35.6-8 (181 or 213, Phil) [4]; IV<\/strong> 54.11-13 (II, ArsN) [4]; P.Ifao<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 33.15-16 (163\/4, ArsN) [4]; 38.4-11 (138, Antin) [4, but here creation clause]; P.Kell.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 8.5-7 (362, Kellis) [5]; 34.6-9 (315, Kellis) [5]; 34, app. ll. 5-7 (IV, Kellis) [5]; 35.7-10 (IV, Kellis) [5]; 36.1-2 (308, Kellis) [4]; 39.8-10 (IV, Kellis) [5]; P.K\u00f6ln<\/span> I<\/strong> 50.2.27-28 (99A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 51.8 (99A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 54.4-8 (4a<\/sup><\/span>, PtolEu) [4]; III<\/strong> 141.12-14 (57\/8, OxN) [1]; 155.1-3 (VI, UP) [4]; V<\/strong> 232.9 (330\/338, Terenythis) [4]; VII 323.15-20 (VII, Papa Megale, HerakN) [5]; XIII<\/strong> 535.1-3 (III, OxN) [4]; XIV<\/strong> 587.2 (Vf<\/sup>, Ox); P.Kron.<\/span><\/strong> 48.10-12 (35, Teb) [4]; P.Laur.<\/span> III<\/strong> 74.11-14 (IIIl<\/sup>, Ox) [4]; P.Leid.Inst.<\/span><\/strong> 54.9-10 (272, Ox) [5]; 104.10 (IV\/V, Ox?); P.Lips.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 1.8-10 (104A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 2.8-9 (99A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 3.4 (256, Herm) [5]; 4.20-22 (293, Herm) [4]; 6.2.9-10 (306, Herm) [4]; P.Lond.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 140.11-14 (69-79, ArsN) [4]; 154.10-11 (68, Kar) [4]; 229.4-6, 13-15 (166, Seleukia Pieria) [5]; 262.5-6 (11, SokN) [4]; 282.14-17 (69, ArsN) [4]; 303.18-23 (142, Herakleia) [4]; 313.18-20 (148, KerkArs) [4]; 320.16-18 (157\/8, SokN) [4]; 333.24-28 (166, SokN) [4]; 339.7-12 (179, UP) [4]; 466.17-19 (143, KerkArs) [4]; III<\/strong> 676.8-9 (100A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 678.10-11 (99\/8A<\/sup><\/span>, KrokPat) [3]; 879.3.20-23 (123A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 881.2.25-27 (108A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 882.2.16-17 (101A<\/sup><\/span>, Diospolis Parva) [1]; 883.2.24 (88A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 909a.7-9 (136, ArsN) [4]; 977.25-29 (330, Antin) [5]; 991.10-13 (481, UP) [5]; 1132b.6-8 (142, SokN) [4]; 1158.3 (226, Herm) [4]; 1164c.17-19 (212, Antin) [4]; 1164e.13-14 (212, Antin) [4]; 1164f.14-18 (212, Antin) [4]; 1164i.19-22 (212, Antin) [4];<\/strong> 1204.2.22-23 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 1206.2.22-23 (99A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 1207.2.21-23 (99A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 1208.2.13-15 (97A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 1209.2.15-16 (89A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 1298.3-4 (231, Herm) [5]; V<\/strong> 1686.31-32 (565, Aphr); 1722.30-35 (530, Sy) [5]; 1724.39-46 (578, Sy) [5]; 1733.44-48 (594, Sy) [5]; 1734.4-5 (578-582, Sy) [4]; P.Lond. inv.<\/span><\/strong> 2917.1-4 (Vend<\/sup>\/VIb<\/sup>, Ta Memnonia) [5]; P.Louvre<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 9.32-33 (47\/8, SokN) [4]; 10.11-12 (Ie<\/sup>?, SokN) [hypog.: 4]; 11.15-17 (26-33, SokN) [4]; 12.8-10 (142, SokN) [4]; 13.12-14 (29, SokN) [4]; 14.13-15 (44, SokN) [4]; 15.15-20 (139, Psintanou) [4]; II<\/strong> 109.3-5 (123\/4 or 136\/7, ArsN?) [4]; P.Lund<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 9.10-14 ? (123, Akoris) [5]; P.M\u00fcnch.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 82.4-7 (197, PtolEu) [4]; 19.7-9 (173, Ox) [4]; P.Mert.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 106.12-17 (285, Ox) [5]; 120.1-2 (I\/II, ArsN?) [4]; P.Meyer<\/span><\/strong> 2.1-4 (IIIsA<\/span><\/sup>, ArsN?) [4: creation clause]; 12.24-28 (115, Thead) [4]; 13.12-16 (141, Apias) [4]; P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 241.1-14 ll. 5-6 (46, Teb) [4]; 249.4 (18, ArsN) [4]; 250.5 (18, Teb) [4]; 251.12-14 (19, Talithis) [4]; 252.5 (25\/6, Teb) [4]; 253.8-10 (30, ArsN) [4]; 254.4 (29\/30, Teb) [4]; 256.4-5 (29\/30, ArsN) [4]; 257.6-8 (30, ArsN) [hypog.: 4]; 258.6-7 (32\/3 or 33\/4, Teb) [hypog.: 4]; 259.12-14 (33, Teb) [4]; 262.10-17 (34\/5 or 35\/6, ArsN) [4]; 263.13-15 (35\/6, Teb) [4]; 264.10-11 (37, ArsN) [4]; 267.8-9 (41\/2, ArsN) [4]; 269.3 (42, Teb) [4]; 272.5-6 (45\/6, ArsN) [4]; 273.6 (46, ArsN) [4]; 274.9 (46\/7 or 47\/8, Teb) [4]; 276.6-7 (47, ArsN) [4]; 277.4 (48, Teb) [hypog.: 4]; 278.4-5 (c. 30, ArsN) [4]; 280.5 (I, Teb) [4]; 281.5-6 (I, ArsN) [4]; 282.6 (I, Teb) [4]; 285.8-9 (I, ArsN) [hypog.: 4]; 287.11 (I, Teb) [4]; 290.10 (hyp.) (37?, ArsN) [4]; 291.5-6 (I, ArsN) [hypog.: 4]; 293.5-6 (Ie<\/sup>, Teb\/Theog) [hypog.: 4]; 294.6-7 (I, Teb) [hypog.: 4]; 295.10 (I, ArsN) [hypog.: 4]; 296.5 (I, ArsN) [hypog.: 4]; 297.6-7 (I, Teb) [hypog.: 4]; 298.10-12 (I, ArsN) [hypog.: 4]; 299.6-7 (I, Teb) [hypog.: 4]; 300.8-9 (I, Teb) [hypog.: 4]; 301.6-7 (I, Teb) [hypog.: 4]; 304.7-8 (42?, ArsN) [hypog.: 4]; 305.12-13 (I, Teb) [hypog.: 4]; 306.11-12 (I, Teb) [hypog.: 4]; 307.7 (I, Teb) [hypog.: 4]; 308.4-5 (I, Teb) [hypog.: 4]; 309.5-6 (I, ArsN) [hypog.: 4]; 328.1.4-5 (29\/30, ArsN) [4]; 332.9-11 (47\/8, ArsN) [4]; 335.1.7-8 (c. 56, ArsN) [hypog.: 4]; VI<\/strong> 428.6 (154, Kar) [4]; VII<\/strong> 451.6 (206, UP) [4, latin]; IX<\/strong> 550.14-17 (99, Kar) [4]; 551.19-22 (103, KerkArs) [4]; 552.10-12 (131, Kar) [4]; 553.1 (284, Kar) [4]; X<\/strong> 583.12-13 (78, Bac) [4]; XII<\/strong> 636.12 (302, PtolEu) [ed.: \u1f04\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u1f78\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd \u03b4\u03cc\u0323\u03c3\u0323\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2;]; XIII<\/strong> 662.29-39 (615, Aphr) [5]; 664.14-20 (584\/5 or 600\/1, Aphr) [5]; XV<\/strong> 707.11-13 (185, Ox?) [4]; 719.12-15 (III, UP) [5]; P.Michael.<\/span><\/strong> 40.13-22 (544 or 559, Aphr) [5]; 45.37-45 (540, Aphr) [5]; 52.e-f (VI\/VII, Aphr) [5]; P.Mil.<\/span> I<\/strong> 2.8-9 (104A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; P.Mil.Vogl.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 26.5-6 (128, Teb) [2]; II<\/strong> 102.10-15 (II, Teb) [5]; III<\/strong> 186.8-9 (99, Teb) [4]; P.Monts.Roca<\/span> IV<\/strong> 79.10 (37-69, SokN) [4]; P.M\u00fcnch.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 4.2.19-24 (581, Sy) [5]; 9.62-70 (585, Sy) [5]; 11.38-43 (586, Sy) [5]; 12.31-34 (590\/1?, Sy) [5]; 13.32-36 (594, Sy) [5]; 15.1-4 (493, Sy) [5]; 16.23-28 (Vl<\/sup>, Sy) [5]; III<\/strong> 81.7-17 (142, PtolEu) [4]; 84.10-14 (211, ArsN) [4]; P.Narm. 2006<\/span><\/strong> 6.7 (107\/8, Thead?) [4]; P.Neph.<\/span><\/strong> 29.11-13 (III\/IV, HerakN) [5]; 30.9-11 (329, UP); 41.2 (IV, UP); P.NYU<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 13.11-13 (198, OxN) [5]; 15a.8-9 (68, OxN) [4]; P.Oslo<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 45.3-5 (135, UP) [4]; III<\/strong> 134.15-20 (III, Apol, KynopN) [5]; P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 94.15-19 (83, Ox) [2]; 95.20-24 (129, Ox) [5]; 99.9 (55, Ox) [3]; 100.12-13 (133, Ox) [4]; II<\/strong> 263.13-15 (77, Ox) [4]; 264.5-10 (54, Ox) [4]; 375.16-20 (79, Ox) [4]; 380.11-14 (79, Ox) [4]; III<\/strong> 504.17-19 (IIe<\/sup>, Ox) [4]; 505.8-14? (179, Ox) [5]; 577.39-40 (117\/8, Ox) [5]; IV<\/strong> 719.21-22 (193, Ox) [5]; 721.12-14 (13\/4, Ox) [1]; 728.10-17, 36-42 (142, Thosbis) [4]; VI<\/strong> 909.18-32 (225, Ox) [5]; IX<\/strong> 1200.22-24 (266, Ox) [5]; 1208.15-17 (291, Ox) [5]; 1209.21-25 (252, Ox) [4]; X<\/strong> 1270.32-36 (159, Ox) [4]; 1276.9-12 (249, Ox) [4]; 1277.10-12 (257, Ox) [5]; XII<\/strong> 1475.24-27 (267, Ox) [4]; XIV<\/strong> 1633.17.22 (222, Ox) [unique]; 1634.9-13 (222, Ox) [5]; 1635.10-11 (44-37A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox); 1636.15-19 (249, Ox) [4]; 1696.9-11 (197, Ox) [4]; 1697.13-17 (242, Ox) [5]; 1698.11-13 (269, Ox) [4]; 1699.8-12 (240-280, Ox) [5]; 1700.5-9 (IIIl<\/sup>, Ox) [4]; 1701.13-20 (III, Ox?) [5]; 1702.2-5 (290, Ox) [4]; 1705.8-11 (298, Ox) [5]; 1707.7-12 (204, Ox) [5]; 1708.11-14 (311, Ox) [5]; XIX<\/strong> 2236.16-21 (IIIe<\/sup>, Ox) [4]; XX<\/strong> 2270.1-3 (V\/VI?, Ox) [5]; XXXIV<\/strong> 2720.20-21 (41-54, OxN) [3]; 2723.16-19? (III, Ox) [4]; XXXVI<\/strong> 2777.25-31 (212, Ox) [4]; XXXVIII<\/strong> 2846.10-14 (Is<\/sup>, OxN) [4]; XLI<\/strong> 2972.27-33 (72, Ox) [4]; XLI<\/strong> 2989.8-10 (III, Ox) [4]; 2998.9-14 (IIIl<\/sup>, Ox) [5]; XLIII<\/strong> 3143.11-14 (305, Ox) [5]; 3144.9-12 (313, Ox) [5]; 3145.9-14 (IVe<\/sup>, Ox) [5]; XLV<\/strong> 3254.11-15? (312\/3, Ox) [5]; XLIX<\/strong> 3482.10-11 (73A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [taxes]; 3498.18-21 (274, Ox) [4]; L<\/strong> 3593.1.13-16 (238-244, Rhodos) [3]; LVIII<\/strong> 3915.8-14 (30, Ox) [4]; LXII<\/strong> 4337.13-15 (178?, Ox) [4]; LXVII<\/strong> 4586.14-18 (III, Nesmimis) [4]; LXIX<\/strong> 4746.2-3 (244-249, Ox) [4]; 4748.9-13 (307, OxN) [5]; 4750.11-15 (307, OxN) [5]; 4751.8-10 (310, Ox) [5]; 4752.10-14 (311, OxN) [5]; LXXXI<\/strong> 5287.1-4 (193, Ox) [1]; 5288.18-22 (570, Ox) [4]; LXXIII<\/strong> 4966.11-14 (371, Ox) [5]; LXXV<\/strong> 5058.21-24 (257\/8, Ox) [4]; P.Oxy.Hels.<\/span><\/strong> 34.9-17 (101, Ox) [4]; 41.33 (223\/4, Ox) [3]; P.Palau\u00a0Rib.<\/span><\/strong> 11.3-5 (III, Ox?) [4]; 27.1-2? (VI\/VII, UP) [4]; P.Par.<\/span><\/strong> 5.1.10-2.14 (2).26-31 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Hermonthis) [3]; 17.10-11 (153, Sy?) [4]; 21.34-39 (616, This) [5]; 21 bis, ll. 18-21 (592, This) [5]; P.Petaus<\/span><\/strong> 17.24-34, l. 28 (184, PtolEu) [5]; 22.26-40, ll. 34-35 (after 185, Syron Kome) [1]; 23.12-14 (185\/6, Pharbaithos) [1]; P.Phil.<\/span> I<\/strong> 11.12-14 (141, Berenikis Aigialou); P.Pintaudi<\/span><\/strong> 35.10-12 (III, Ox) [4]; P.Prag.<\/span> I<\/strong> 40.15-18 (141, Thead) [4]; II<\/strong> 155.12 (188\/9, SokN) [4]; 246.2-7 (II\/III, ArsN) [4]; P.Princ<\/strong>.<\/span> III<\/strong> 149.6-7, 8-9 (actual payment) (177\/8, Bac) [5]; P.Rain.Cent.<\/span><\/strong> 62.10-14 (II, SokN) [5]; P.Rein.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 42.22 (I\/II, Thead) [4]; II<\/strong> 98.17-22 (109, Herak) [4]; P.Ross.Georg.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 14.8-9 (81-95, ArsN) [4]; 15.13-17 (98-102, ArsN) [5]; 23.4 (156, MemphN) [4]; 32.11-13 (II, PtolEu) [4]; 38.5-6 (II, UP) [4]; III<\/strong> 27.8?-11 (234\/5, Ox) [5u]; P.Ryl.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 158.14-17 (138?, Ibion Eikosipentarouron) [4]; 159.18-19 (31\/2, Ox) [4]; 160.5 (28\/9, SokN) [hypog.: 4]; 160a.4-5 (15-36, SokN) [hypog.: 4]; 160b.3-4 (37, SokN) [hypog.: 4]; 160c.1.7-8 (32, SokN) [hypog.: 4]; 161.11-13 (81, SokN) [4]; 162.18-20 (159, SokN); 163.7-8 (140, HermN) [5]; 164.8-11 (171, HermN) [5]; 165.18-20 (266, HermN) [5]; 312.11-12 (82-96, SokN) [4]; 313.11-13 (82-96. SokN) [4]; IV<\/strong> 581.10-11 (121A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 709.7 (294-296, UP) [4?]; P.Sakaon<\/span><\/strong> 59.9-10 (305, PtolEu) [4]; 60.10-11 (306, PtolEu) [4]; 61.7-12 (299, Thead) [4]; 62.6-9 (328, Thead) [5]; P.Sarap.<\/span><\/strong> 8.4-6 (102\/3, MagdMir) [4]; 9.8-10 (115\/6, HermN) [4]; 10.5-8 (124, HermN) [4]; 11.7-10 (128, Herm) [4]; P.Scholl<\/span><\/strong> 6.24-25 (after 159, ArsN) [1]; P.Sijp.<\/span><\/strong> 11a.10-12 (390, Kellis) [4]; 46.3 and frag b.1-4 (332, Herm) [5]; P.Soter.<\/span><\/strong> 27.20-24 (126, Thead) [4]; P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 9.11 (352, PtolEu) [4]; 14.b.10-13 (211, PtolEu) [4]; 79.4-6 (16\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Sy) [5]; II<\/strong> 81.27-29 (115A<\/sup><\/span>, Diospolis Magna, Theb.) [3]; 84.27 (114A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 86.21-22 (111A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 87.2.15-16 (107A<\/sup><\/span>, KrokPat) [3]; 88.24-29 (105A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3s]; 89.10 (99a<\/sup><\/span> Path) [3]; 90.20-21 (99A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; III<\/strong> 139.9-15 (276, Narmouthis) [5]; 144.7-9 (245, HermN) [5]; 151.12-14 (100, SokN) [4]; IV<\/strong> 201.21-23 (162, Dionysias) [4]; 208.16-18 (75, SokN) [hypog.: 4]; 215.4-6? (IIs<\/sup>?, UP) [4]; 251.14-19 (69-79, ArsN) [4]; 264.13-15 (279-282, Ox) [5]; 265.18-21 (41-54, SokN) [4]; V 331.11-12 (98-117, UP) [1]; 370.19-20 (175-180, ArsN) [4]; VI<\/strong> 504.12-14 (106, KerkArs) [4]; 505.19-23 (107-115, Teb) [4]; 543.7-8 (IIf<\/sup>, SokN) [4]; 583.8-9 (115\/6, ArsN) [4]; 585.7 (153, Herm) [4]; VII<\/strong> 602.8-12 (41-54, SokN) [4]; IX<\/strong> 831.13-14 (162\/3, Teb) [4]; 861.1 (I, UP); 886.10-12 (100, SokN) [4]; P.Tebt.<\/span> I<\/strong> 109.14-18 (93A<\/sup><\/span>, Kerkeosiris) [4];<\/strong> II<\/strong> 379.13-15 (128, Teb) [4]; III.2<\/strong> 969.12 (236A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb); P.Tebt.Wall<\/span><\/strong> 10.7-8 (IIe<\/sup>, Teb) [4]; P.Thomas<\/span><\/strong> 7.4-7 (69, UP) [4]; P.Tor.<\/span><\/strong> 10.16 (IVa<\/sup><\/span>-IA<\/sup><\/span>, Diospolis Magna, Theb.) [3]; P.Turner<\/span><\/strong> 22.3 (142, Side) [5]; 24.11-13 (148-154, Ox) [1]; 40.10-12 (215, UP) [5]; P.Ups.Frid<\/span><\/strong>. 5.2.5-10 (261, Ox) [4]; P.Vind.Bosw.<\/span><\/strong> 6.5,13-14 (250, Herm) [5, 4]; 7.24-27 (221, Koites) [5]; P.Vind.Tand.<\/span><\/strong> 25.7 (51, SokN) [4]; 25a.24 (II, SokN) [hypog.: 4]; 26.9-10 (143, SokN) [4]; P.Vind.Worp<\/span><\/strong> 9.7-12 (158, SokN?) [4]; P.Wash.Univ.<\/span> I<\/strong> 15.7-8 (Vl<\/sup>, UP) [5]; P.Wisc.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 9.15-18 (183, Ox) [5]; 15.9-11 (236, Ox) (remainder) [4]; II<\/strong> 58.10-11 (298, PtolEu) [4]; 59.10-12 (298, PtolEu) [4]; P.Yale<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 66.9-14 (Is<\/sup>, Ox) [4]; PSI<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 38.7-12 (101, Herm) [5]; 39.8-12 (148, Herm) [4]; 66.9-13 (V?, HermN) [5]; 79.12-16 (216\/7, Ox) [4]; III<\/strong> 182.21-26 (234, Ox) [4]; VI 704.22-24 (II, ArsN?) [5]; 705.11 (IIIl<\/sup>, Ox) [5]; 729.a.4-5, b.5 (77?, UP) [5]; VII<\/strong> 770.22-24 (187, Nikiou Polis) [4]; VIII<\/strong> 882.3-5 (337, OxN?) [5]; 897.2.72-75 (93, Ox) [4]; 908.1.7-9 (42\/3, Teb) [4]; 909.5-6 (44, Teb) [4]; 915.7-8 (I, Teb) [4]; 918.5 (38\/9, Teb) [4]; 946.22-28 (III, Ox) [5]; IX<\/strong> 1016.34-36 (129A<\/sup><\/span>, Diospolis Magna) [3]; 1018.12-13 (107A<\/sup><\/span>, PathN) [3]; 1022.17-18 (106A<\/sup><\/span>, PathN) [3]; 1024.5-7 (104A<\/sup><\/span>, Hermonthis) [3]; 1025.17-18 (104A<\/sup><\/span>, Hermonthis) [3]; 1031.19-25? (134, Thead) [4]; X<\/strong> 1118.13-15 (25\/6, Ox); 1119.25-34 (156, Ox) [5]; 1130.13-16 (26, Teb) [4]; 1153 (112\/3, PtolEu) [4: arrhabon]; XII<\/strong> 1228.13-15 (188, OxN?) [5]; 1239.11-13 (430, Antin) [5]; XIII<\/strong> 1319.1.15-17 (76, SokN) [4]; 1320.9-10 (82-88, SokN) [4]; 1405.11-15 (167-169, Ptolemais Drymou) [4]; XV<\/strong> 1533.24-27 (IIIf<\/sup>, OxN) [4]; 1546.1-27, ll. 14-17 (222, HerakN) [4]; 1550.12-16 (IIIf<\/sup>, Ox) [4]; XVI<\/strong> 1635.19-20 (c. 258-260, Ox); XVII<\/strong> 1715.14 (37, Teb) [4]; PSI Congr.<\/span><\/strong> XX<\/strong> 14.6-11 (III, UP) [4]; 15.7-9 (III\/IV, Ox) [4]; 16.14-15 (330-340?, Ox?) [5]; SB<\/span> I<\/strong> 428.9-10 (99A<\/sup><\/span>, KrokPat) [3]; 4512 col. 1.18-21 (186A<\/sup><\/span>, Diospolis Magna) [4unique]; 4661.5-8 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [4]; 4670.4-6 (VI, ArsN) [4]; 4751.1 (IV-VII, ArsN); 4783 passim<\/em> (IV-VII, ArsN); 4844.5 (IV-VII, ArsN); 5112.39-41 (618, Apol) [5]; 5113.14-19 (VI Apol) [5]; 5114.19-24 (630-640, Apol) [5]; 5117.4-5 (55\/6, SokN) [4]; 5166.16 (II\/III?, UP) [2]; 5247.21 (47, SokN) [hypog.: 4]; 5267.7 (IV-VII, ArsN) [5]; 5320.12?-16 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [4]; 5673.11-14 (147, HermN) [1]; 5679.7-11 (307, Oasis Magna) [5]; III<\/strong> 6001.6-10 (179, PtolEu) [4]; 6016.28-31 (154, Alex) [4]; 6645.8-9 (105A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 6709.5, 16 (259A<\/sup><\/span>, Birta ?) [3unique]; V<\/strong> 7555.13-14 (154, UP) [3]; 8007.5-7 (IVf<\/sup>, Herm) [5]; 8946.12 (50\/1, UP) [diairesis: 4]; VI<\/strong> 8971.9-11 (284\/5, Ox) [5]; 8987.21-22 (644\/5, Ox) [4]; 9093.17-23 (138, Thead) [4]; 9109.1-2 (31, Teb) [4]; 9145.13-17 (184-192, ArsN) [5]; 9193.16-18 (525-565, HermN) [5]; 9214.13-20 (311, Ox) [5]; 9216.17 (285, Herm) [hypog.: 4]; 9219.15-16 (319, Herm) [5]; 9575.5-8 (II, UP) [4]; 9586.24-26 (600, Herm) [5]; 9618.11-13 (192, PtolEu) [4]; VIII<\/strong> 9829.13-19 (after March 272, Ox) [5]; 9831.8 (Il<\/sup>, ArsN) [4]; 9906.14-16 (193\/4, PtolEu) [4]; X<\/strong> 10571.11-13,22-24 (194, PtolEu) [4]; XII<\/strong> 10784.8-11 (330-340, Oasis Magna?) [5]; 11015.13-17 (III, Ox?) [4]; 11063.6-7 (19, UP) [4]; 11152.9-10 (225, Thead?) [5]; 11229.9 (161-168 or 177-179, Ox) [4]; XIV<\/strong> 11277.11-16 (225, Nilopolis) [5]; 11278.2-7 (316, Ox) [5]; 11376.6-9 (239A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [4: creation clause]; 11432.6-12 (271\/2, Ox) [5]; 11533.1.16-17, 2.14-17, 3.8-11 (104, Ars) [4]; 11877.12-19 (348, Phil) [5]; 11895.3-4 (45, SokN) [hypog.: 4]; 12001.11-13 (129A<\/sup><\/span>, KrokPat) [3]; 12021.13-14 (377, Ox) [5]; 12056.8 (III, UP) [4]; XVI<\/strong> 12333.11-14 (189-193, Ox?) [4]; 12553.10-14 (II\/III, Ox) [4]; 12559.18-20 (155, KerkArs) [4]; 12612.10-14 (203, SokN) [4]; 12946r<\/sup>.7-10 (474, Antin) [5]; 12957.8-10 (103-114, SokN) [4]; 13071.15-17 (223-235, PtolEu) [5]; 13072.16-18 (155, SokN) [4]; 13073.17-18 (51, Nilopolis) [4]; XVIII<\/strong> 13173.34-46 (629\/644, Herm) [5]; 13238.6-7 (101, Haueris) [5]; 13320.51-63 (613-641, Aphr) [5]; 13579.3 (23, SokN) [4]; 13764.15-17 (148-161, ArsN) [4]; 13866.14-16 (138-161?, SokN) [4]; 13897.16-17 (111 Tebtynis) [4]; XX<\/strong> 14199.8-10 (179, Ox) [4]; 14293.11-16 (383, Kellis) [5]; 14336.18-19 (hyp.) (91\/2 or 107 \/8, Ox) [4]; 14393.9-10 (100A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 14448.1-7 (VI\/VII, UP) [4]; 14461.4-5 (148?, UP) [5]; 14680.15- (225, Phil) [4]; 14974.14-19 (190, OxN) [1]; 14997.1-4? (70A<\/sup><\/span>\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox?); XXII<\/strong> 15326.9-10 (222-235, Kar) [4]; 15328.5-7 (275-296, Kar) [5]; 15472.11-13 (134, PtolEu) [4]; 15606.11-14 (VIe<\/sup>\/VIIb<\/sup>, HermN) [4]; 15618.8-9 (427\/8?, Alabastrine) [5]; 15637.8-13 (130 Thead) [4]; XXIV<\/strong> 15965.9-11 (III\/IV, Kar) [4]; 15966.15-23 (IIIend<\/sup>\/IVf<\/sup>, Kar) [4]; 15969.15-22 (491-518, Herm) [5]; 16002.10-12 (186\/190, PtolEu) [4]; 16054.6-7 (145A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [5]; 16314.12-13 (81-95, Polydeukia) [4]; XXVI 16559.1-5 (150\/100A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [4: creation clause]; XXVIII<\/strong> 16895.14-15 (IVf<\/sup>, HermN) [5]; 16904.10-12 (90, SokN) [4]; 16986.2-4 (V, UP) [5]; 17081.16-17 (75, SokN) [4]; 17265.a.2. 3-9, ll. 7-8 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265.a.2.10-16, ll. 14-15 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265a.2.17-23, ll. 21-22 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265.a.3.1-3, ll. 2-3 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265.a.3.10-16, ll. 14-16 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265.b.1.1-5 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265 Frg.b.1.5-10, ll. 8-9 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265.b.1.11-15, l. 15 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265.b.1. 16-20, l. 19 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265.b.1.21-26 l. 25 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265.b.2.1-6, ll. 5-6 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265.b.2.7-13, ll. 11-13 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265.c.1.3-9, l. 8 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265.c.1.10-14, 13-14 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; 17265.c.1. 15-19 l. 18 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [3]; XXX<\/strong> 17364.5-6 (113\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, PathN); 17367.8-9 (IIA<\/sup><\/span>, PathN) [3];\u00a0<\/strong>17623.11-12 (293, Herm); <\/strong><\/span>SPP<\/span><\/strong> I pp. 7-8, ll. 12-15 (454, Antin) [5]; XX<\/strong> 1.11-14 (83\/4, PtolEu) [4]; 10.2-5 (168, ArsN) [4]; 29.14-15 (227, HerakN) [ed.: \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f27\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3[\u03b5 \u03c6\u03b5\u03c1]|15<\/sup>\u03bd\u1fc6\u03c2; in the creation clause]; 47.12-16 (238, HerakN) [4]; 50.15-16 (168\/9, Aphrodite Berenike) [4]; 71.10-12 (269\/70, Herm) [4]; 72.6-11 (271\/2, Herm) [5]; 74.5, 13-14 (hypographe) (after 276?, Herm) [4]; 110.12-15 (425-450\/408-422, Herm) [5]; 117.7 (411, Koba) [5]; 121.17-20 (439, Herm) [5]; 145.1-2 (VIl<\/sup>, ArsPol);<\/strong> 269.1-4 (VI\/VII, UP); XXII<\/strong> 16.4-7 (217, UP) [5]; 17.9-11 (I\/II, ArsN) [4]; 20.6-9 (3?, UP) [4]; 22.13-17 (142, Philopator alias Theogenous) [4]; 30.9-11 (158, ArsN) [4]; 48.22-25 (152, Dionysias) [4]; 170.19-21 (145, KerkArs) [4]; T.Varie<\/span><\/strong> 2.4-6 (VII, UP) [5]; 15.30-34 (VIm KynopN) [5]; UPZ II<\/strong> 175.6-24 (145A<\/sup><\/span>, Thebes) [2]; 177.3-22 (136a<\/sup><\/span>, Thebes) [2]; 180a.1.10-2.4 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Hermonthis) [3]; 180b.19-31 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Hermonthis) [3]; 181.2.11-12 (105A<\/sup><\/span>, Hermonthis) [3].<\/p>\n

\n

2. Postponed Payment of Price<\/h2>\n

Category: Penalty, Remuneration<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

A unique clause, attested in only one document\u2014BGU IV 1129.36-38 (13 BCE,<\/span> Alexandria)\u2014aims to settle payment for a past purchase; in another outlier (P.Kell. I 46.17-27: IV CE, Kellis), the vendor of a wagon is willing to accept just some of the price at point of sale and draws up the present document with the purchaser regarding the settlement of the rest. Alternatively, the obligee is a third person who provides the money to pay for a wagon in a sale between an obligor and a third party: \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4[\u1f72 \u1f00]\u03bc\u0323\u03ad|18<\/sup>\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2\u0323 \u1f00\u0323\u03c0\u03bf|19<\/sup>\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f61\u03c1\u0323\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u1fc3 | 20<\/sup> \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u0323\u03bc\u03af\u1fb3 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f70 \u1f00\u03c1|21<\/sup>\u03b3\u0323\u03cd\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03b9\u0323\u03b1\u0323 \u1f10\u0323\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 | 22<\/sup> \u03bb\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03b3\u0323\u03af\u0323[\u03c3\u03bf]\u03bc\u0323\u03b1\u03b9 [\u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd] \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba[\u1ff3] | 23<\/sup> \u00a0\u0323 \u0323[ \u0323 \u0323] \u0323 \u0323\u03c1\u03b1\u0323 \u0323[ \u0323]\u1ff3 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 | 24<\/sup> \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u1f14\u0323\u03b8\u0323\u03bf\u03c2 | 25<\/sup> \u1f04\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 (l<\/em>. \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2) | 26<\/sup> \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 (l<\/em>. \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2) \u03bc\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9|27<\/sup>\u03b1\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u03bc\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2) \u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u03bc\u03b9\u1fb6\u03c2) \u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd (\u2018But if at the fixed time I turn out to be careless as regards repayment I shall pay said money in talents with – – – interest according to the local custom until the repayment of said one myriad of talents is made\u2019). (transl.: editio princeps<\/em>, p. 137).<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Berger (1911): 147.<\/span><\/p>\n

BGU<\/span> IV<\/strong> 1129.36-38 (13A<\/sup><\/span>,\u00a0Alex); P.Kell.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 46.17-27 (IV, Kellis).<\/p>\n

\n

3. Rent<\/h2>\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

Among 1,351 contracts that record the act of leasing, 1,012 specify the rent. In nearly all cases (1,001), the lessee is ordered to pay this rent in a fixed sum (cf. also, ‘Prodoma<\/a>‘, ‘Prepay<\/a>ment’, ‘Rent: Sharecropping’<\/a>). The terms most frequently used for rent in Greek lease contracts from Ptolemaic and Roman Egypt are \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd, used to document delivery in kind, mostly grain (291<\/a> documents), \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, commonly denoting cash delivery when the object of the lease is a piece of land (366<\/a> documents), and \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03ba\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd, reserved for house leases (103<\/a> documents). The first two terms sometimes take the qualifier \u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u1f79\u03c2 or \u1f00\u03c0\u1f79\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 (here: \u2018fixed, settled\u2019). In 35 documents, all from the Roman period, the adjective \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 qualifies \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd, and in 56, Roman and Byzantine, it qualifies \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2. The<\/span> term \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd then evolves into a noun, signifying \u2018rent\u2019 in itself. The term \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 may also be qualified by other adjectives that denote the parties\u2019 accord: \u1f11\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u1f73\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 [e.g., P.Oxy. XLVII 3354.29-30 (257 Nomou Epoikion\/Senepta)], \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u1f73\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 [e.g., P.Oslo II 85.14-15 (426 CE, Oxyrhynchos)], \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 [BGU IV 1119.13 (6\/5 BCE, Alexandria)]. The participles \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 [e.g., P.Tebt. II 374.17 (131 CE, Tebtynis)] and \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u1f77\u03c2 [P.Lond. III 1227.8 (152 CE, Hermopolis)] indicate that the rent has already been paid in advance.<\/p>\n

[Type1]<\/strong><\/a>: In 645 documents, an account of the rent is given in the creation clause<\/a>. The rent category is connected to the main verb, \u1f10\u03bc\u1f77\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd or the like, occasionally with the construction \u1f10\u03c0\u1f77 + dative<\/em> (\u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u1ff3). Far more common, however, is the use of the genitivus pretii<\/em>. The genitive case is also used in ]<\/span>Type1[<\/span> (and, for that matter, in all types of rent clauses) for other purposes:<\/p>\n

If recorded, the object<\/strong> for which the rent is paid appears in the genitive \u2018rent for\u2026\u2019 [e.g., P.Ross.Georg. III 40.13: 589 CE, Hermopolis): \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7[\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3]\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1[\u03b3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5] \u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5]; such is also the case with a given type of commodity<\/strong> [e.g., P.Coll.Youtie II 70.15-16 (272\/3 or 278\/9 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 | 16<\/sup> \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b5\u1f34\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd]. The type of commodity may also, however, be recorded in the accusative [e.g., P.Gen. I 78.12-14 (III CE?, Ptolemais Euergetis): \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 [\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5]|13<\/sup>\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u03c7\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u1ff3 \u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf[\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6] | 14<\/sup> \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1]. The genitive case may also be used to designate the period of payment<\/strong> [e.g., P.Heid. IV 329.18-21 (105\/6 CE?, Theadelphia): \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u0323\u1ff6\u0323\u03bd\u0323 | 19<\/sup> \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03c0\u0323\u1ff6\u0323\u03bd\u0323 | 20<\/sup> \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u1ff6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f10\u0323\u03bd\u0323\u03ac\u0323\u03c4\u0323(\u03bf\u03c5) (\u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2) \u1f10\u03ba\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd\u0323|21<\/sup>\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f30\u0323\u03c3\u03b9\u1f78\u03bd \u03b4\u0323\u03ad\u0323\u03ba\u0323\u03b1\u0323(\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd) (\u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2) (\u2018the rent of the palm fruits of the present ninth year that shall be harvested in the incoming tenth year\u2019)]. Here, however, the most common case is the accusative, introduced by various prepositions (\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1fbd \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1fbd \u1f10\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f15\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03bc\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f15\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd, \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03bd) or an adverb: \u1f10\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03c2. Payment of rent per unit of area<\/strong> (viz., primarily, aroura<\/em>) is expressed first, in the Ptolemaic period, through the accusative and without a preposition [\u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b7\u03bd sometimes with the article (BGU X 1943.6 (215\/4 BCE, Tholthis): \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f04\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u1f11\u03ba\u0323\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u0323\u03bd], the adjective following the noun. Later on, the genitive becomes the rule [e.g., P.Stras. III 137.12-13 (325 CE, Nagogis): \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 | 13<\/sup> [\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac]\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5]. Some scribes also refer to payment pending on land measurement<\/strong> [e.g., in BGU IV 1092.14-16 (372 CE, Hermopolis): \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2. \u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u2039\u03c1\u03b7\u203a\u03c2 | 15<\/sup> \u03c4\u1fc6[\u03c2] \u1f10\u03ba \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03af[\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1]\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u1ff3 | 16<\/sup> \u1f10\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc7 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03ba\u03b1{\u03c3}\u03c4[\u03b1]\u03c3\u0323\u03c0\u0323\u03bf\u03c1\u1fb7] [cf. July<\/span> (1966): 50].<\/p>\n

Within the rent clause, scribes commonly insert some version of the formulation \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1, indicating that the rent cannot be reduced on account of expenses or externalites that devalue the object [Cf. Wollentin<\/span> (1961): 31-35, 61-75]. In the Ptolemaic period, the \u03c0\u03bb\u1f75\u03bd is used to introduce exceptions to the duty of payment. Cf., e.g., PSI<\/span><\/strong> X 1098.11-12 (51 BCE, Tebtynis): \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 [\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6] \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2 (l<\/em>. \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd) \u03b5\u1f30\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u1f70 (l<\/em>. \u03b5\u1f30\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u1f70) \u1f04\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f00\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u0323\u03cd\u0323|12<\/sup>\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u1f00\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd) \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd[\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2] \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd) \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u1f74\u03bd \u1f00\u03b2\u03c1\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f22 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03c1\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 (\u2026\u2018at a rent for the whole of twenty seven artabae of wheat, with no allowance for seed, warranted against all risk and subject to no deductions for loss except for the event except being unwatered or flooded\u2019). The phrasing \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 may also be inserted in the following clause, which stipulates the payment of the rent (delivery in lease<\/a>: e.g., CPR I 36.14-16: 225 CE, Peenamis, Herakleopolites). The same obtains for an account of the measurement unit, inserted either into the rent clause (e.g., P.Amh. II 90.10-11: 159 CE, Arsinoites) or into the clause stipulating its payment (e.g., P.Hamb. I 64.21: 103 CE, Euhemeria).<\/p>\n

Several Byzantine documents from the Hermopolite nome also set out different rates for the event that the land is sufficiently or insufficiently irrigated. Cf., e.g., SB XVIII 13586.9-11 (VI\/VII CE, Hermopolis): \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b3\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 | 10<\/sup> \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03cc\u03c7\u1ff3, \u1f10\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f00\u03b2\u03c1\u03cc\u03c7\u1ff3, \u03c4\u1f78 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03b5\u1f34\u03b7, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f73\u03be\u03c9 (l.<\/em> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd) \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f25\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 | 11<\/sup> \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1(\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd) \u03b9\u03b4 (\u2018\u2026 at rent for the land each year of fourteen keratia<\/em> of gold, in the event of their being inundated, but in the event of non-inundation, may it not happen, I shall deliver half the share of said rent, 14 keratia<\/em>\u2019). The term that denotes deficient irrigation here is \u1f04\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2; different lexemes are invoked for properly irrigated land: \u03c3\u1f7b\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2, \u1f14\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2, and \u039d\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2. The lessor often grants the lessee a seed loan<\/strong> and some contracts also take the amount of the loan into consideration. Namely, the repayment of the loan should not create an additional liability; its amount should be reckoned within the rent: \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u1f97 \u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd. Alternatively, the adverb \u1f00\u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b5\u1f77 or the expression \u1f04\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 indicates that the seed loan is not taken into consideration.<\/p>\n

Rent may be recorded outside the creation clause, with the lessee as the subject of the clause and the rent as its object. Such a construction [Type2]<\/strong><\/a> is already attested in the Ptolemaic period. In this period, however, it remains marginal, recorded in just four documents (e.g., P.Col. III 54.8-9: 250 BCE, Arsinoites), in comparison with [Type1]<\/strong> (66 occurrences). In the Roman period, recording the rent in an independent clause becomes more common, as is the case in ten documents mostly from the Arsinoite nome, in which the verb \u1f51\u03c6\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9 takes the infinitive of \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c9 and the rent category is given in the accusative. Cf., e.g., P.Mich. XII 630.12-15 (38 CE, Tebtynis?): \u1f51\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad|13<\/sup>\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u1f78\u0323\u03c2\u0323 \u1f00\u03c1|14<\/sup>\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u2039\u03b5\u203a\u1f34\u03ba\u03bf|15<\/sup>\u03c3\u03b9 \u1f13\u03be \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd) (\u2018We promise to pay, for the whole, a rent of twenty-six drachmai of coined silver and four obols<\/em>\u2019). But even in the Roman period, the number of documents featuring [Type2] is still relatively small: 42 compared with the 380 contemporary texts that exhibit [Type1]. [Type2] gains ground in the Byzantine period, evinced in 90 documents as against 131 [Type1] between the fifth and the seventh centuries. In the Byzantine period, some regions still adhere to [Type1]; this is most clearly the case in the Hermopolites, with just six [Type2] documents as against 113 of [Type1]. Elsewhere, however, the change is quite drastic: in the Oxyrhynchites, the figures from the third and fourth centuries are 16 documents exhibiting [Type2] and 61 [Type1]. In the Byzantine period, the relation is completely reversed: just five texts of [Type1] and 37 of [Type2]. [Type2] is also dominant in the Byzantine period in evidence from Aphrodite: 26 documents exhibiting [Type2], as opposed to just one of [Type1].<\/p>\n

With the rent clause gaining independence in the Byzantine period, it may become functionally identical to the clause that records the delivery of the rent<\/a>. In 69 documents, both clauses retain their independence. This is particularly the case in documentation from Byzantine Oxyrhynchos. Cf., e.g., P.Oxy. LXVIII 4693.13-16 (466 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u03ba\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u1f76\u0323 \u03c4\u0323\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u0323\u03c9\u0323 \u1f51\u0323\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 | 14<\/sup> [\u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9]\u03ba\u0323\u03af\u0323\u03bf\u0323[\u03c5 \u1f10]\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5[\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af]\u03bf\u0323\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c5\u03c1[\u03b9\u03ac]\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b9\u0323\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 | 15<\/sup> [ -3-4- ]\u03ba\u0323\u03bf\u03c3[\u03af]\u03b1\u0323\u03c2\u0323, [\u1f45\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03ba\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd] \u1f00\u0323\u03c0\u0323\u03bf\u0323[\u03b4]\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u0323\u03c2\u0323 | 16<\/sup> \u03b4\u0323[\u03b9\u02bc \u1f11]\u03be\u0323[\u03b1]\u03c5\u0323[\u03ae\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f25\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c5 (\u2018and I shall pay as rent annually one thousand \u2026 hundred myriads of silver, which rent I shall pay each year, one half every six months\u2019) (transl.: P.Oxy. LXVIII, p. 151). In 89 other documents, however, the clauses converge, as is particularly the case in Aphrodite, where the independent rent clause absorbs the delivery clause and, as such, conveys all the information originally documented in its text. Cf., e.g., P.Lond. V 1689.16-20 (527 CE, Aphrodite): \u03ba]\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 | 17<\/sup> [\u03b5\u1f50\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u1ff6\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc]\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u0398\u03b5\u1ff7 \u1f11\u03b2\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f30\u03bd\u03b4(\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2) \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f11\u03be\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 | 18<\/sup> [ \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u1f10\u03c0\u02bc \u1f00]\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u1ff3 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u1ff3 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff7 \u1f43 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03b5\u1f34\u03b7 | 19<\/sup> [\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f11\u03c0(?)]\u03c4\u1f70 \u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c3\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 | 20<\/sup> [\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u1ff6\u03bd(?) \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4]\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u1ff3 \u03c3\u1ff7 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff7 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6(\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03c2) (\u2018And I acknowledge that I shall give the rent from the fruits of the of the coming sacred seventh indiction and throughout succeeding time, [ – – ] whether inundated or uninundated, let it never happen, for the same seven (?) arouras<\/em> ten wheat artabae<\/em> and ten barley (?) artabae<\/em> by your tax measure and without dispute\u2019).<\/p>\n

The independent clause exhibits three main verbs: [1]<\/strong> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03c9 in the present (6), the future (9), and, in the Byzantine period, the aorist tense (\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd) (20 cases), with no evident regional pattern; [2]<\/strong>\u00a0\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c9, used primarily in the infinitive and indicative of the future tense and attested in 71 documents from all periods; it is, however, especially common in the scheme of Byzantine leases from Oxyrhynchos, yielding 32 texts; finally [3],<\/strong> \u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, almost always in the present infinitive, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 (20 attestations). This verb is late and seems restricted to Aphrodite in the context of the rent clause. It may take the rent category as a direct object in the accusative. More frequently, however, the accusative records the amount of the rent while the category itself stands in the genitive, introduced by \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 or \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd or by the prepositions \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f77 or \u1f51\u03c0\u1f73\u03c1. In all other respects (designation of object, period, measurement), it follows the patterns already discussed in connection with [Type1].<\/span><\/p>\n

[Type3]<\/strong><\/a> As is frequently the case, some scribes integrated the rent clause of [Type2] by means of the genitive absolute into the flow of the text. This is already the case in P.Yadin 22.12-14 (130 CE, Maoza). In Egypt, the genitive absolute appears in 18 documents, 16 of which date to the fifth century or later. In the Byzantine period, [Type3] is used almost exclusively in the Arsinoite nome, in which context, the formulation is relatively constant. See, e.g., P.Prag. II 161.6-9 (Vl<\/sup>\/VIe<\/sup> CE, Arsinoites?): \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u0323\u03c3\u0323\u03b1\u0323|7<\/sup>\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1fe5\u03c5\u0323\u03c0(\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6) \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1(\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2) | 8<\/sup> \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bc\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 | 9<\/sup> \u1f11\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 (\u2018I the lessee, providing on account of its rent, one hundred fifty myriads of debased mixed silver currency\u2019).<\/p>\n

[Type4]<\/strong><\/a> is attested in eight documents. Instead of paying rent, the lessee undertakes to perform duties originally imposed on the lessor. Cf., e.g. BGU XV 2484.4-7 (II CE, Arsinoites): \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd | 5<\/sup> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1(\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd) \u03b4\u03b7[\u03bc]\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f14\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b1\u1f31\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd|6<\/sup>\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (l<\/em>. \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2) \u03c4\u0323[\u03bf\u1fe6] \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 | 7<\/sup> \u1f00\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd (\u2018\u2026.in return for the payment in kind and money of all the public charges on them, and of the amount due for geometria<\/em> of the same year, without any deduction or risk\u2019) (transl.: editio princeps<\/em>, p. 66) .[cf. also Herrmann (1957): 125<\/span>]. The same formulation is also used in the clause recording the rent in share-cropping arrangements.<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Waszynski (1905): 96-104; Bolla (1940): 18-27; Herrmann (1958): 98-111, 111-114, (1975): 332; Kastner (1962): 36-37, 47-48; Hennig (1967): 11-35; M\u00fcller (1985): 196-211, 218-226<\/span>.<\/p>\n

BGU<\/span> I<\/strong> 39.11-15 (186, ArsN) [1]; 227.11-13 (151, ArsN) [1]; 253.11-12 (244-248, PtolEu) [1]; 303.15-18 (586, ArsPol) [3]; 307.6-13 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [3]; 312.b.5-7 (657\/8, ArsN) [3]; 349.8-9 (313, ArsN) [1]; II<\/strong> 364.13-15 (553, ArsPol) [3]; 393.7-10, 12-14 (167, Dionysias) [1] (unique); 538.10-14 (100, Nilopolis) [1]; 586.12-14 (324, ArsPol) [1]; 591.17-22 (56\/7, ArsN) [2]; 603.15-22 (168, ArsN) [1]; 604.12-18 (167\/8, ArsN) [1]; 606.7-8 (306, PtolEu) [1]; 633.9-12 (221, ArsN) [1]; 640.10-11 (185, SokN) [1]; 644.20-25 (69, SokN) [1]; 661.9-10 (140, ArsN) [1]; III<\/strong> 749.11-13 (IV-VII, ArsN); 831.11 (201, SokN) [1]; 841.6-8 (672 or 687, ArsN) [2]; 860.12-13 (254-268, MagdMir) [1]; 900.4-8 (582\/3, HermN) [1]; 912.18-19 (33, SokN) [1]; 916.16-17 (69-79, Herakleides Meris) [1]; 918.8-13 (110\/1, ArsN) [1]; 920.13-17, 26-30 (212, Phil) [1]; 938.7-9 (385, Herak) [1]; IV<\/strong> 1017.9-10 (II\/III, Ox) [1]; 1018.11-16 (III, ArsN) [1]; 1067.9-12 (101\/2, Euh) [1]; 1091.22-26 (212, Ox) [1]; 1092.13-19 (372, Herm) [1]; 1116.8-9 (13A<\/sup><\/span>,\u00a0Alex); 1117.12-13 (3A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [1]; 1118.7-17 (22A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex); 1119.13-17 (6\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [1]; 1120.8-19 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [1]; 1121.11-14 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [1]; 1156v<\/sup>.43-46 (14\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex); 1262.8-9 (216\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [1]; 1263.10-11 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [1]; 1264.12-13 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [1]; 1268.9-11 (IIIsA<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [1]; 1269.7-8 (III\/IIA<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [1]; VI<\/strong> 1266.15-17 (203\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona); 1282.11-12 (IIA<\/sup><\/span>\/IA<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN?) [1]; VII 1644.11-13 (294?, Phil) [1]; X<\/strong> 1943.6-8, 28-29 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [1]; 1944.b.1 (294?, Phil) [1]; 1946.6-8 (213\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [4]; 1951.1 (221A<\/sup><\/span>-205A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [1]; XI<\/strong> 2032.11-13 (113, PtolEu) [1]; 2033.12-16 (before 94, Herakleia) [2]; 2034.7-9 (II\/III, PtolEu) [1]; 2123.12-17 (85, ArsN) [1]; 2125.5-6, 8 (II\/III, HermN) [1]; XII<\/strong> 2133.10-13 ? (IIIl<\/sup>, Herm) [1]; 2139.12-13 (432, Herm) [1]; 2146.11-13 (457, Herm) [1]; 2147.12-16 (464, Herm) [1]; 2148.11-12 (375, Herm) [1]; 2149.15-23 (470, Herm) [1]; 2150.10-14 (472, Herm) [1]; 2151.13-18 (476, Herm) [1]; 2152.8-12 (512?, Herm) [1]; 2153.15-19 (493?, Herm) [1]; 2155.11-13 (481?, Herm) [1]; 2157.9-10 (481, Herm) [1]; 2159.12-13 (485, Herm) [1]; 2162.15-16 (491, Herm) [1]; 2164.9-11 (494, Herm) [1]; 2172.9-15 (498?, Herm) [1]; 2181.14-15 (509?, Herm) [1]; 2182.11 (510, Herm) [1]; 2185.6-11 (512?, Herm) [2]; 2186.8 (514?, Herm) [2]; 2189.3-5 (VI, Herm) [2]; 2202.14-15 (c. 565, Herm) [1]; 2204.21-22 (574, Herm) [1]; XIII<\/strong> 2333.10-13 (142\/3, PtolEu) [1]; 2340.10-11 (IIIe<\/sup>, Ox) [1]; 2341.3-7 (II, Kar) [1]; 2383.5-6 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [1]; 2384.3 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [1]; 2385.4-5 (214A<\/sup><\/span>\/212A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [1]; 2388.13-16 (191A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [1]; XIV<\/strong> 2389.20-21 (72A<\/sup><\/span>,\u00a0HerakN) [1]; 2390.7 (160\/59A<\/sup><\/span>, HerakN) [1]; XV<\/strong> 2481.19-21 (138-161, Themistos Meris) [2]; 2484.4-7 (II, ArsN) [4]; XVII<\/strong> 2675.12-15 (481, HermN) [1]; 2684.14-15 (555, Herm) [1]; 2685.19-20 (585, Herm) [1]; XIX<\/strong> 2801.1-10, ll. 4-5 (Im<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; 2801.11-17, ll. 14-15 (Im<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; 2802.6 (488?, HermN) [1]; 2804.7-9 (488?, HermN) [1]; 2807.16-17 (508?, Herm) [1]; 2808.14-16 (528, Herm) [1]; 2810.12-14 (559\/60, Herm) [1]; 2812.2-3 (VI, Herm) [1]; 2814.9-10 (VI\/VII, Herm) [1]; 2815.14-15 (VIIf<\/sup>, Herm) [1]; 2816.9-11 (Vs<\/sup>, Herm) [1]; 2817.12-14 (500, Herm) [1]; 2819.11-12 (442?, Herm) [1]; 2820.11-12 (Vs<\/sup>, Herm) [1]; 2822.22-23 (526\/7, Herm) [1]; 2823.16-17 (568\/9?, Herm) [1]; XX<\/strong> 2869.14-21 (57\/8, ArsN?) [1]; CPR<\/span> I<\/strong> 31.13-18 (153, ArsN) [1]; 32.13-14 (218, SokN) [1]; 36.10-12 (225, Peenamis) [1]; 40.15-22 (300, Herak) [1]; 47.1-5 (II\/III, HerakN\/ArsN); 239.8-9 (212, SokN) [2]; 240.13-20 (126, SokN) [1]; 245.7 (II, ArsN) [1]; 246.8-18 (162, ArsN) [1]; 247.12-13 (335, Herak) [1] [also prepayment]; V<\/strong> 16.10-11 (486, HermN) [1]; 43.12-13,18-21 (513, Herm) [1]; 51.31-32 (629\/644, ArsPol) [2]; 62.29-31 (575, Herak) [1]; 69.12-13 (VI\/VII, Herak) [1]; VII<\/strong> 31.24-44, ll. 31-32 (197, Herm); VIII<\/strong> 9.11-14 (159, ArsN) [1]; 46.5-8 (IV, HermN) [1]; 69.12-13 (VI\/VII, Herak) [1]; IX<\/strong> 7.1-4 (VI, HermN) [1]; 8.3-5 (VI, HermN) [1]; 26.11-12 (545\/6, HermN) [3]; 27.9-10 (V\/VI, HermN) [1]; 28.1-3 (V\/VI, HermN) [1]; 30.4-6 (VIIe<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; 33.18-19 (566, HermN) [1]; X<\/strong> 26.4-9 (before 532, ArsPol); XIV<\/strong> 12.18-20 (450, Herak) [1]; XVIIa<\/strong> 2.10-11 ? (313, Herm); 4.9 (314, Herm) [1]; 8.9-11 (316, Herm) [3]; 11.11-12 (320, Herm) [1]; XVIII<\/strong> 2.31-32 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [1]; 3.51-52 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [1]; 7.129-131 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/207A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [1]; 11.217-218 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [1]; 15.305-306 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [1]; 19.396-397 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [1]; XIX<\/strong> 46.6-8 (V\/VI, Ophis) [1]; 26.11-14 (602\/3, ArsPol) [1]; O.Bodl.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 257.6-8 (IIA<\/sup><\/span>, Thebes); O.Deiss.<\/span><\/strong> 59 (70, UP) [1]; P.Aberd.<\/strong><\/span> 45.5-6 (141, SokN) [1]; 57.16-20 (II, SokN) [1]; 181.10-15 (41\/2 or 54\/5, Dionysias) [1]; 182.9-10 (IIIl<\/sup>, ArsN) [1]; 183.2-3 (III, ArsN) [1]; P.Alex.Giss.<\/span><\/strong> 5.7-12 (215, ArsN) [1]; P.Amh.<\/strong><\/span> II<\/strong> 85.8-12 (78, Herm) [1]; 86.9-11 (78, Herm) [1]; 90.6-12 (159, ArsN) [1]; 91.7-10 (159, PtolEu\/Euh) [1]; 92.10-15 (162\/3, SokN) [2]; 93.9-14 (181, SokN) [1]; 106.1 (281, Herm); P.Amst<\/strong>.<\/span> I<\/strong> 41.45-83 (10A<\/sup><\/span>, PtolEu); 42.2-3 (III\/IV, Mermertha) [1]; 43.3-7 (V\/VI, Ophis) [1]; P.Ant.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 105.4 (VI, UP) [1]; P.Athen.<\/strong><\/span> 14.9-14 (22, Phil) [1]; 16.8-10 (138\/9, ArsN) [1]; 18.8-11? (223\/4, ArsN); 19.10-12 (153, ArsN) [1]; P.Bad.<\/strong><\/span> II<\/strong> 18.8-9 (61\/2, Herm) [4]; IV<\/strong> 91.2.25-27 (471, Herm) [1]; VI<\/strong> 170.18-23 (54, Thead) [1]; P.Bas.<\/span> II<\/strong> 53.16-18 (VIm<\/sup>, Herm) [3: \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9]; P.Batav.<\/strong><\/span> 3.23-28 (109A<\/sup><\/span>,\u00a0Ta Memnoneia); 16.6-9 (346\/7, OxN) [2]; P.Benaki<\/strong><\/span> 2.17-21 (IVs<\/sup>, Kaine) [1]; P.Berl.Cohen<\/span><\/strong> 19.12-14 (VI, Terythis) [2]; P.Berl.Frisk<\/span><\/strong> 5.9-10 (510, Herm) [1]; P.Berl.Leihg.<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 19.15-22 (221\/2 or 225\/6, Kerkesephis) [1]; 20.8-11 (149, OxN) [1]; P.Berl.M\u00f6ller<\/span><\/strong> 3.18-20 (540, Herm) [1]; P.Berl.Zill.<\/span><\/strong> 5.15-16 (417, Herm) [1]; 7.19-22 (574, Ox) [2]; P.Bingen<\/span><\/strong> 59.13-18 (33, Teb) [2]; 1<\/span>32.19-20 (541, Aphr) [2]; P.Bodl<\/strong>.<\/span> I<\/strong> 34.15-18 (158\/9, ArsN) [2]; 36.17-21 (543\/558, ArsPol) [3]; 60.13-15 (553, Herm); 85.7-11 (II, ArsN) [1]; 131.11-12 (132\/3 or 153\/4 or 176\/7, ArsN) [1]; P.Bour.<\/span><\/strong> 13.4-7 (98, Memphis); 17.8-10 (220, Herakleia) [3]; P.Brem.<\/span><\/strong> 36.14-17 (117, Herm) [1]; P.Cair.Isid.<\/span><\/strong> 98.10-11? (291, Kar); 99.12-15 (297, Kar) [1]; 100.9-10 (297, Kar) [1]; 101.2-4 (300, ArsN) [1]; 102.10 (303\/4, ArsN); 103.11 (313, Kar); P.Cair.Masp.<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 67100.14-21 (506, Aphr) [2]; 67104.10-12 (530, Aphr) [2]; 67105.21-24 (532, Aphr) [2]; 67106.17-21 (539, Aphr) [2]; 67107.13-18 (525\/540, Aphr) [2]; 67109.35-40 (565, Aphr) [2]; 67110.39-43 (565, Aphr) [2]; 67112.16-21 (544 545, Aphr) [2]; 67113.11-12 (525\/6?, Aphr) [2]; II<\/strong> 67240.5-7 (VI, UP) [2]; III<\/strong> 67299.36-41 (527-565, Antin) [2]; 67300.11-15, 18-19 (527, Aphr) [2]; 67301.23-33 (530, Aphr); 67302.14-15 (555, Antin) [2]; 67303.17-18 (553, Aphr) [2]; P.Cair.Preis.<\/span><\/strong> 41.12-15, 15-17 (IVf<\/sup>, HermN?) [2]; P.Cair.Zen<\/strong>.<\/span> III<\/strong> 59340.5, 27-28 (247A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [1]; P.Charite<\/span><\/strong> 3.9-12 (317, Herm) [1]; 4.5-10 (c. 320-350, Herm) [1]; 7.13 (347, Herm) [1]; P.Col.<\/span> III<\/strong> 54.8-9 (250A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN) [2]; X<\/strong> 260.10-13 (149\/50?, ArsN) [1]; 273r<\/sup>.4-5 (204, Ox) [1]; 280.8-10 (269\/70 or 276\/7, Ox?) [1]; P.Coll.Youtie<\/span> I<\/strong> 27.12-22 (165, Teb) [1]; II<\/strong> 68.14-17 (266, Ox) [1]; 70.15-17 (272\/3 or 278\/9, Ox) [1]; 80.12-17 (315, Ox) [2]; P.Corn.<\/strong><\/span> 10.17-21 (119, Phil) [1]; 11.15-19 (204\/5 or 233\/4, Phil) [1]; P.Daris<\/span><\/strong> 25.1-2 (IIl<\/sup>\/IIIe<\/sup>, UP) [1]; P.Diog.<\/span><\/strong> 29.8-16 (225, Phil) [1]; 33.7-11 (204, Phil) [1]; P.Dubl.<\/span><\/strong> 31.12-18 (<\/strong>355, Panop) [2]; P.Erasm.<\/span> I<\/strong> 13.12-15 (152A<\/sup><\/span>?, Kaine) [1]; 15.8-11 (152A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN); P.Erl.<\/strong><\/span> 70.9-13 (IIIe<\/sup>, UP) [1]; 72.1 (IV, OxN) [1]; 73.29 (604, Herak) [1]; 74.1-2 (VI, UP); 75.18-21 (535, Ox) [1]; P.Fam.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> 5.7-10 (98, ArsN) [1]; 28.11-14 (133, ArsN); 44.5-6 (189, Kerkesoucha Orous) [1]; 47.9-12, 24-25 (195, PtolEu) [1]; P.Fay.<\/span><\/strong> 34.10-16 (161, Thead) [3]; 36.14-18 (195, PtolEu) [2]; 93.13-14 (161, PtolEu) [1]; 95.12-20 (II, Thead) [2]; 307.2-5 (132, Philoteris); P.Flor.<\/span> I<\/strong> 10.9-14 (249\/50 or 253\/4 or 260\/1, PtolEu) [1]; 13.13-15 (VI\/VII, Herm) [1]; 16.12-14 (239, Euh) [1]; 18.17-29 (147\/8, ArsN) [4]; 19.9-10 (248, PtolEu) [1]; 25.10-15, l. 14 (IIIm<\/sup>?, PtolEu); 37.1-5 (IV-VII, HermN) [1]; 41.7-10 (140, HermN) [1]; 85.7-10, 16 (misthotikon), 21-23 (91, HermN) [1]; 103.12-14 (330\/1 or 344\/5, Herm) [1]; III<\/strong> 281.14-17 (517, Aphr) [2]; 286.21-27 (552, Aphr) [2]; 299.1-3 (VI, Herm) [1]; 320.11-13 (373, HermN) [1]; 325.13-15 (489, Ox) [2]; 354.4-5 (I\/II, HermN) [1]; 356.10-11, 18-20 (I\/II, Selilais, HermN); 361.6-8 (85\/6, HermN) [1]; 368r<\/sup>.7-8 (96, Herm); 369.15-17 (139\/149, Herm); 383.1.14-16, 28 (234\/5, Antin) [2]; 383.2.61? (234\/5, Antin) [2]; 384.35-43 (489, Herm) [unique]; P.Fouad<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 43.25-27 (189\/90, Phoboou) [1]; P.Frank.<\/span><\/strong> 1.12-13, 64 (213A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [1]; 2.13-14, 54-55 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [1]; 4.11-12 (216\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [1]; P.Freib.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 21.8-9 (178A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [1]; 22.8-10 (178A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [1]; 23.12-13 (178A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [1]; 24.8-9 (178A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [1]; 25.7-9 (178A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [1]; 34.9-10 (173A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [1]; 35.8 (177\/6A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [1]; IV 58.8 (I\/II, UP); P.Gascou<\/span><\/strong> 40.16-18 (556, HermN) [1]; P.Gen.<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 10.13-15 (316, Phebichis) [1]; 34.1-2 ? (156, Phil); 78.12-19 (II\/III, PtolEu) [1]; II<\/strong> 10.13-16 (316, Phebichis) [1]; P.Genov.<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 22.13-17 (345, Ox) [1]; P.Giss.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 49.12-19 (IIIm<\/sup>, Ox) [1]; 50.13-18 (259, Ox) [1]; 52.9-11 (397, Herm) [1]; P.Univ.Giss.<\/span><\/strong> 12.11-17 (87\/8, Thead) [1]; P.Graux<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 21.14-15 (151, Apias) [1]; P.Grenf.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 54.11-14 (378, ArsN) [3]; 56.12-14 (537, Herm) [1]; 57.10-12 (561, Herm) [1]; II<\/strong> 57.12-14 (168, Phil) [1]; P.Hamb.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 5.14-20 (89, Phil) [2]; 23.33-35 (330, PanopN) [unique]; 64.9-17 (103, Euh) [1]; 99.10-13 (I, Phil); IV<\/strong> 265.7-8 (VIs<\/sup>, Aphr) [1]; 269.7-9 (IIIl<\/sup>, ArsN) [1]; P.Harr.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 80.12-17 (249, OxN) [1]; 81.1-2 (VI, UP) [2]; II<\/strong> 194.12-13 (183\/4 or 215\/6, Ox) [1]; 224.13-14, 20-21, 21-27 (IIl<\/sup>\/IIIe<\/sup>, Ox) [1]; P.Haun.<\/span> III<\/strong> 55.9-12 (325, Dinnis); P.Heid.<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 329.14-24 (105\/6?, Thead) [1]; P.Herm.<\/span><\/strong> 22.13-15 (394, Herm) [1]; 26.5-11 (V, UP) [2]; 34.23-26 (VII, Herm) [1]; 57.1-4 (IV, UP) [1]; 59.4-6 (after 430?, AntaioN) [2]; 60.1 (Vl<\/sup>\/VIe<\/sup>, UP); P.Hib.<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 90.8-9 (222A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [1]; P.Horak<\/span><\/strong> 8.7-8 (VI, HermN) [1]; 10.16-21 (555, HermN) [1]; P.Iand.<\/span><\/strong> III 26.15-18 (98, ArsN) [1]; 28.17 (104, Thead); P.Ifao<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 1.11-13 (27, Teb) [1]; 10.10-13, 18-19 (thalloi) (Il<\/sup>, Teb) [1]; 23.9 (II, ArsN); P.Kell<\/span><\/strong>. I<\/strong> 32.12-15 (364, Kellis) [2]; 33.9-13 (369, Kellis) [2]; P.K\u00f6ln<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 145.7-8 (Ia<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [1]; 149.11-18 (after 212, OxN) [1]; 150.7-8 (226\/242, OxN) [1]; IX<\/strong> 373.8-9 (VI, HermN) [1]; XIV<\/strong> 579a.4-8 (III, Ox) [2?]; P.Kramer<\/span><\/strong> 15.9-11 (629?, Herm) [3 \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9]; P.Kron.<\/span><\/strong> 34.15-26 (135, Teb) [1]; 38.13-14 (137, Teb) [2]; 41.9-14 (140, Teb) [1]; P.Laur<\/strong>.<\/span> III<\/strong> 72.10-12 (118-138, PtolEu) [1]; IV<\/strong> 163.4 (279, UP); 165.6-8 (305, Ox) [1]; 166.6-8 (289\/90. Ox?) [2]; P.Lips<\/strong>.<\/span> I<\/strong> 16.12-15 (138, Teb) [1]; 17.18-19 (377, Herm) [1]; 18.10-15 (308, Herm) [1]; 19.16-18 (320, Herm) [1]; 20.11-12 (381, Herm) [1]; 21.16-18 (382, Herm) [1]; 22.23-24 (388, HermN) [3]; 118.15-20 (160\/1, Ox) [1]; II<\/strong> 129.11-13 (8, Kerke\u00easis) [4]; 148.15-16 (192, Teb) [1]; P.Lond.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 113.6a.19-23 (612\/627, ArsPol) [3]; 113.6b.29-37 (633, ArsPol) [2]; II<\/strong> 216.14-17 (94, SokN) [1]; 286.15-17 (88\/9, SokN) [1]; 314.10-12 (149, SokN) [1]; 335.15-21 (166\/7, SokN); 350.9-10 (212, SokN) [1]; 438.8 ? (615\/6?, ApolHept); 483.47-52 (615\/6, ApolHept); III<\/strong> 858a.8 (153\/4, HermN) [1]; 906.10-12 (128, Euh) [1]; 938.2-4 (225, Herm) [1]; 954.15-16 (260, Herm) [1]; 979.12-14 (346, Herm) [1]; 1003.12 (562, HermN); 1006.13-16 (555, Nagogis) [1]; 1012.36-37 (633, Herm) [1]; 1017.2-4 (VI, Herm); 1023.25-26 (V, Herm) [1]; 1030.2 (c. 527, Herm); 1036.1-4 (VI\/VII, HermN); 1164h.11-12 (212, Antin) [1]; 1171v<\/sup>b.3- (41\/2, Herm) [2]; 1223.7-9, 10-12 (121, Herm) [1]; 1225.5-9 (70\/1, HermN) [1]; 1227.8-11 (152, Herm) [1]; V<\/strong> 1689.16-20 (527, Aphr) [2]; 1691.18-19 (532, Aphr) [2]; 1692a.17-18 (555, Aphr) [2]; 1692b.15-17 (556, Aphr) [2]; 1693.8-15 (523\/4, Aphr) [2]; 1695.10-18 (530\/1, Aphr) [4]; 1696.a.17-19 (VI, Aphr) [2]; 1696.b.13-15 (VIe<\/sup>, Aphr) [2]; 1697.11-14 (VIe<\/sup>, Aphr) [2]; 1698.1-6 (VI, Aphr); 1714.8 (579, Antin) (unique); 1715.10-12 (VI, Antin) [1]; 1765.11-12 (554, Herm) [1]; 1768.12-13 (VI, Herm) [1]; 1770.10-12 (547\/562, HermN) [1]; 1771.1-4 (VI, HermN) [1]; 1872.13-17 (584, HermN) [1]; P.Louvre<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 113.a.5-9 (159, ArsN) [1]; P.Lund<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 10.9 (I\/II, Bac); P.Mert.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 10.8-14 (21, Phil) [1]; 49.4-7 (VII, UP) [2]; II<\/strong> 68.19-24 (136, Kerkeosiris) [1]; 76.14-15 (181, Ox) [1]; III<\/strong> 107.1-17 (II, ArsN) [1]; P.Messeri<\/span><\/strong> 30.10-12 (212, SokN) [2]; P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 184.9-13 (121, Bac) [1]; 185.10-14 (122, Bac) [1]; V<\/strong> 310.9-12 (26\/7, ArsN) [1]; 312.19-24 (34, Talei) [1]; 313.16-17 (37, Teb) [1]; 315.11-23 (39-41 or 43-45, ArsN) [1]; 348.16-22 (26, Teb) [1]; IX<\/strong> 561.14-18 (102, Kar); 565.11-13 (215\/6, Kar) [1]; X<\/strong> 586.7-10 (c. 30, Teb) [2]; XI<\/strong> 610.22-24 (282, Ox) [1]; 611.11-17 (412, Ox) [1]; 612.13-15 (514, Ox) [2]; XII<\/strong> 630.12-15 (38, Teb) [2]; 631.8-9 (185, ArsN) [1]; 633.13-17 (c. 30, Teb) [1]; 634.12-15 (25\/6, Teb) [1]; XIV<\/strong> 678.5-6 (98, UP) [1]; XVIII<\/strong> 788.16-20 (173, Ox) [1]; 791.8-12 (212\/3, Phil) [1]; P.Michael.<\/span><\/strong> 13.11-13 (159\/60, HermN) [2]; 14.10-11 (164\/5, Herm) [1]; 19.13-15 (III, OxN) [3]; 22.12-14 (291, Teb) [3]; 24.15-17 (297, Teb) [1]; 34.6 (VI, UP); 54.1-9 (VI, Aphr); 60.9-10 (VI, Aphr) [2]; P.Mil.<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 55.12-13 (307, Ox) [1]; P.Mil.Vogl<\/strong>.<\/span> II<\/strong> 53.12-13 (152\/3, Teb) [1]; 63.18-21, 22-25 (170, Teb) [1]; 65.8-11, 17-20 (160-180, Teb); 67.2-3 (165, Teb) [1]; 104.11-16 (127, Teb) [1]; 106.10-22 (before 134, Teb) [1]; III<\/strong> 130.11-14, 20-22, 25-27 (165, Teb) 132.16-19, 20-27 (165, Teb) [1]; 133.17-20, 23-30 (165, Teb) [1]; 134.11-12, 14-16 (165\/6, Teb) [1]; 135.16-18 (165\/6, Teb) [1]; 137.15-21 (165\/6, Teb) [1]; 138.15-21 (169, Teb) [1]; 139.17-23 (169, Teb) [1]; 140.13-25 (176, Teb) [1]; 143.12-16 (170\/1, Teb) [1]; 144.9-10, 12-13 (166, Teb) [1]; 145.8-12 (142, Teb) [1]; 187.1-2 (II, Teb) [1]; IV<\/strong> 220.12-21 (132\/3, Teb) [1]; 238.11-14, 17-19 (143\/4, Teb) [1]; 240.13-17 (118-138, Teb) [1]; 242.7-8 (165\/6, UP) [1]; VI<\/strong> 267.3-9 (125\/6, Teb) [1]; 269.10-15 (124, Teb) [1]; 274.9-11 (144-165, Teb) [1]; 286.15-26 (139, Teb) [1]; 288.9-11, 13-16 (155, Teb) [1]; 289.7-10 (II, Teb) [1]; 290.10-15, 18-23 (II, Teb) [1]; 291.12-15 (II, Teb) [1]; 292.4-16 (II, Teb) [1]; 293.7-14 (II, Teb) [1]; 294.13-19 (II, Teb) [1]; 295.10-12 (II, Teb) [1]; P.Monts.Roca<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 77.6-7, 27-29 (148A<\/sup><\/span>, Hephaistias) [1];<\/span><\/strong> 81.4-6 (III, UP) [2]; P.M\u00fcnch.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 87.7-8, 10-11 (II, SokN) [1]; 88.8-12 (II, UP) [1]; 89.13-18 (339, Herm) [1]; 91.12-16 (V, HermN) [1]; 92.1-3 (V, HermN); P.Oslo<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 32.24-30 (1, Thead) [2]; 34.6-7 (188\/9, Phil) [1]; 35.14-20 (426, Ox) [1]; III<\/strong> 135.8-10 (286-293, Ox) [1] (misthos: cf. salary); 138.9-10 (323, Ox) [1]; P.Oxf.<\/span><\/strong> 13.15-24 (154\/5, Argeias\/SokN) [1]; 16.7-9 (VI\/VII, HermN) [1]; P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 101.18-20 (142, Ox) [1]; 102.12-16 (306, Ox) [1] (partial overlapping with prepayment clause); 103.9-14 (316, Ox) [1]; II<\/strong> 278.8-11 (17, Ox) [1]; 279.12-16 (44\/5, Ox) [4]; 280.17-20 (88\/9, Ox) [1]; III<\/strong> 499.16-20 (121, Senepta\/Ox) [1]; 500.18-21 (130, Athribites) [2]; 501.16-19 (186, Ox) [1]; 502.21-24 (164, Ox) [1]; VI<\/strong> 730.12-16 (130, Senepta\/Ox) [1]; 910.12-13 (197, Pekerke\/Ox) [1]; 912.13-15 (235, Ox) [2]; VII<\/strong> 1035.14-15 (143, Ox) [1]; 1036.19-21 (272, Ox) [1]; 1037.13-15 (444, Ox) [2]; 1038.27-29 (568, Ox) [2]; VIII<\/strong> 1126.10-13 (V, Ox) [1]; 1127.9-12 (183, Ox) [1]; 1128.15-16 (173, Ox) [1]; 1129.11-12 (449, Ox) [2]; IX<\/strong> 1207.6-11 (175\/6 ?, Ox) [1]; X<\/strong> 1279.19-21 (139, Ox) [2]; 1280.10-12 (IVl<\/sup>, Ox) [2]; XIV<\/strong> 1628.12-14 (73A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [1]; 1629.10-13 (44A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [1]; 1632.14-19 (353, Ox) [2]; 1685.13-16 (158, Oasitou Epoikion) [1]; 1686.12-15 (165\/6, Ox) [1]; 1687.19-20, 24-25 (184, Ox) [1]; 1688.13 (III, Ox); 1689.16-20 (266, Ox) [1]; 1691.10-13 (291\/2, Ox) [1]; 1692.20-25 (188, Ox); 1695.21-24 (360, Ox) [2]; XVI<\/strong> 1889.18-20 (496, Ox) [2]; 1890.10-13 (508, Ox) [1]; 1957.13-14 (430, Ox) [2]; 1959.13-14 (499, Ox) [2]; 1961.17-18 (487, Ox) [2]; 1965.19-21 (553, Ox) [2]; 1966.15-18 (505, Ox) [2]; 1968.4-6 (VI, Ox) [2]; XVII<\/strong> 2109.35-36 (261, Ox) [1]; 2136.6-7 (291, PtolEu) [1]; 2137.23-26 (226, Episemou Epoikion) [1]; XVIII<\/strong> 2189.14-18 (219, Ox) [1]; XXII<\/strong> 2351.16-21 (112, Ox) [1]; XXXI<\/strong> 2584.13-14 (211, Ox) [1]; 2585.11-13 (315, Ox) [1]; XXXIII<\/strong> 2676.14-15, 17-20 (151, Ox) [1]; XXXVI<\/strong> 2776.10-12, 15 (118\/9, Ox) [1]; 2795.11-13 (250, Ox) [1]; XXXVIII<\/strong> 2874.13-19 (108, Ox) [1]; XLI<\/strong> 2973.13-14 (103, Ox) [1]; 2974.16-17 (162, Ox) [1]; XLIV<\/strong> 3200.12-13 (II\/III, Ox) [1]; 3203.17-20 (400, Ox) [2]; XLV<\/strong> 3250.9-12 (c. 63, Ox) [1]; 3257.9-11 (318, Ox) [2]; XLVI<\/strong> 3268.12-13 (II, Ox) [1]; 3270.12-17 (309, Ox) [2]; XLVII<\/strong> 3354.32-34 (c. 257, Nomou Epoikion\/Senepta) [1]; XLVIII<\/strong> 3384.12-15 (331, Ox) [2]; 3386.17-19 (338, Ox) [1]; XLIX<\/strong> 3484.3-7 (27-33, Ox) [2]; 3488.12-14, 19-23 (70\/1, Ox) [1]; 3489.28-33 (72\/73, Ox) [1]; L<\/strong> 3558.8-11 ? (133, Psenyris) [2]; 3589.6-10 (II, OxN) [1]; 3591.16-22 (219, Ox) [1]; 3592.13-17 (218-261, Ox) [1]; 3600.17-18 (502, Ox) [2]; LI<\/strong> 3639.14-17 (412, Ox) [2]; LV<\/strong> 3800.14-19 (219, Ox) [1]; 3802.14-16 (296, Ox) [1]; 3803.11-14 (411, Ox) [2]; LVII<\/strong> 3911.18-19, 23-24 (199, Pimpasi) [1]; LVIII<\/strong> 3955.15-21 (611, Ox) [2]; LXI<\/strong> 4121.11-13 (289\/90, Ox) [1]; LXIII<\/strong> 4390.16-22 (469, Ox) [2]; LXVI<\/strong> 4534.9-11 (335, Ox) [4]; LXVII<\/strong> 4594.8-10 (228, Senao\/Ox) [1]; 4595.17-19 (261, Ox) [1]; LXVIII<\/strong> 4681.14 (419, Ox) [2]; 4687.11 (441, Ox) [2]; 4693.13-15 (466, Ox) [2]; 4694.11-13 (466, Ox) [2]; LXIX<\/strong> 4739.9-12 (127, Ox) [1]; 4745.13-15, 16-19 (202, Ox) [1]; 4747.11-12 (296, Ox) [1]; 4753.13-17 (341, Ox) [2]; LXXI<\/strong> 4827.13-15, 17-21 (173\/4, Ox) [1]; 4832.14-16 (436, Ox) [3]; LXXII<\/strong> 4915.10 (467?, Ox); LXXXII<\/strong> 5320.9-10 (227\/8, Ox) [1]; 5325.11-13 (437, Ox); 5326.10-11 (437\/8, Ox); 5331.11-12 (474, Ox); LXXXIII<\/strong> 5380.16-18 (580, Ox) [3]; 5383.21-22 (583, Ox) [3]; P.Palau\u00a0Rib<\/span><\/strong> 7.15-19 (137\/8 or 158\/9 or 181\/2, OxN) [1]; 8.7-8 (156\/7 or 179\/80, Phil) [1]; 22.15-17 (VI, Aphr) [2]; 25.5-6 (VI\/VII, Herm) [1]; P.Panop.<\/strong><\/span> 1.5-6 (298\/9 Panopolites); 2.6-7 (308, PanopN) [1]; 3.6-11 (310, PanopN) [2]; 4.5-8 (314, PanopN) [3]; 5.5-6 (334?, PanopN) [1]; 6.8-9? (336, Panop) [1]; 7.7? (c. 338\/9, PanopN); 8.7-8, 11-13 (338, PanopN); 9.5-8 (339, Panop) [2]; 10.1 (341, PanopN) [2]; 11.6-8 (320, Panop) [2]; 12.5-8 (339, Panop) [2]; 13.5-8 (339, Panop) [2]; P.Phil.<\/strong><\/span> 12.11-20 (150\/1 or 173\/4, Phil) [1]; 13.10-15 (155, Phil); 14.10-14 (155, Phil) [1]; 15.11-12 (153\/4, Phil) [1]; P.Prag.<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 36.5-7 (88, Poteu, HermN) [1]; 37.11 (465, ArsPol) [3]; 38.13-16 (before 96, Herakleia) [1]; II<\/strong> 132.11 (122\/3, PtolEu) [1]; 158.5-8 (V\/VI, Herm) [1]; 159.7-9 (V, Epoikion Aninou) [3]; 161.6-9 (Vl<\/sup>\/VIe<\/sup>, ArsN) [3]; 162.9-10 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [2]; III<\/strong> 245.14-16 (141\/2?, Aphrodite Berenike) [1]; P.Princ.<\/strong><\/span> II<\/strong> 39.4-8 (III, UP) [1]; III<\/strong> 151.11-12 (after 341, Ibion) [1]; P.Rain.Cent.<\/span><\/strong> 82.17-21 (304\/5, HerakN) [1]; P.Rein<\/strong>.<\/span> I<\/strong> 43.11-13 (102, Ibion Tatkelmeos) [1]; II<\/strong> 100.6, 11 (212\/3 AphrN) [1]; 108.8-10 (VI, Ox) [2]; P.Ross.Georg.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 19.8-16 (141, Ox) [1]; III<\/strong> 32.8-11 (504, ArsPol) [3]; 36.16-21 (537, Aphr) [2]; 56.11 (707, Herak) [2]; V 42.12-14 (602, HermN) [1]; P.Ryl.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 97.1-6 (139, UP) [1]; 99.6-9 (III, HermN) [1] [with epithema]; 100.9-10 (238, MagdMir) [1]; 166.12-19 (26, Euh) [2]; 167.14-18 (39, Euh) [1]; 168.6-10 (120, HermN) [1]; 169.10-11 (197, HermN) [1]; 170.11-14 (202\/3, HermN) [1]; 171.17-19 (55\/6, Herakleia) [2]; 172.10-15 (208, ArsN) [1]; 321.7-8 (II, ArsN) [1]; 322br<\/sup>.9 -11 (II, Thead?) [1]; IV<\/strong> 600.10-11 (8A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN) [1]; 601.7-11, 22-27 (26A<\/sup><\/span>, PtolEu) [1]; 683.15-24 (244, Ox) [1]; P.Sakaon<\/span><\/strong> 67.6-7 (321, Thead); 68.11-13? (325, Thead) [1]; 69.14-15 (331, Thead) [1]; 70.6-7 (338, Boubastos) [1]; 73.8-10 (328, Thead) [1]; P.Sarap.<\/span><\/strong> 2.16-19 (126, Herm); 24.6-9 (123, HermN) [1]; 25.6-7 (125, MagdMir) [1]; 26.10-11 (125, MagdMir) [1]; 27.12-14, 16-18 (125, HermN) [1]; 28.11-13 (125, HermN) [1]; 43.11-17 (118, MagdMir) [1]; 44.10-13 (123, Akoris) [1]; 45.10-13 (127, Sinkere) [1]; 46.18-21 (128, Mnachis) [1]; 47.7-8 (128, HermN) [1]; 48.4-14 (123, Akoris) [2]; P.Scholl<\/span><\/strong> 8.16-18 (515, Herm); P.Select.<\/span><\/strong> 17.15-21 (IIIe<\/sup>, HerakN) [1]; P.Sijp.<\/span><\/strong> 21a.19-20 (186, Euergetis, KynopN) [1]; P.Soter.<\/span><\/strong> 4.14-24 (87, Thead) [1]; 26.12-14 (83-96, Thead) [1]; P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 2.7-10 (217, Herm) [1]; 4.15-17 (551, Herm) [1]; 10.11-16 (268, Herm) [1]; 30.9-14 (276, Thead) [1]; III<\/strong> 137.8-13 ? (325, Nagogis) [1]; IV<\/strong> 185.20-21 (c.55, ArsN) [2]; 186.3-9 (V\/VI, HermN) [2]; 218.16-19 (150, ArsN) (unique); 247.15-16 (550\/1\/2, Herm) [1]; 258.4-9 (II, ArsN) [1]; 267.15-17 (126-128, SokN) [1]; 282.2-4 (161-169, ArsN) [1]; 291.6-8 (124, HermN) [1]; V<\/strong> 336a.17-26 (212\/3, ArsN) [1]; 336b.17-21 (212\/3, ArsN) [1]; 338.16-17 (550, Herm) [1]; 358.2 (IV, UP) [1]; 362.10-14, 17-19 (thalloi) (149\/50, Euh) [1]; 398.13-15? (553, Herm) [1]; 465.11-13 (230, Polydeukia) [1]; 470.9 (IIe<\/sup>, Herm) [1]; 471.15 (500, Herm) [1]; 472.18-19 (533\/4, Herm) [1]; 475.9-10 (507\/8 or 522\/3, Herm) [1]; 476.7-8 (VIe<\/sup>, Herm) [1]; 477.11-15 (VIe<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; 482.11-14 (542, HermN) [1]; 483.17-18 (512, HermN) [1]; 486.3-7 (504\/5, HermN) [1]; VI<\/strong> 507.5-6 (138, HermN); 539.5-6 ? (290\/1, Herm); 540.1 (VI, UP) [1]; 557.10-11, 15-17 (291, Herm) [1]; 571.10-14 (175, Phil) [1]; 579.20-21 (521, Tarrhouthis) [1]; 584.7-11 (141, PtolEu) [1]; 597.11-14 (541, HermN) [1]; VII<\/strong> 615.5-7 ? (III, UP) [unique]; 655.14-16 (Vs<\/sup>, Herm) [1]; 673.5-6 (IV, ArsN) [2]; VIII<\/strong> 704.11-13 (82\/3, Hephaistias) [2]; 712.6-8 (IVl<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; 718.5 (V, HermN) [1]; 750.7-10 (VI, HermN) [1]; 751.15 ? (VIIe<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; 752.11 (VIIe<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; 753.13-14 (VIIe<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; 754.14 (VIIe<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; 755.15-16 (VIIe<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; 756.11-12 (VIIe<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; 757.13-15 (VIIe<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; 758.14-16 (VIIe<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; IX<\/strong> 812.3-8, ll. 6-7 (II, ArsN) [3]; P.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 105.17-18 (103A<\/sup><\/span>, Kerkeosiris); 106.15-18 (101A<\/sup><\/span>, PtolEu); 107.4-6 (112A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN) [1]; 108v<\/sup>.2.1-4 (93A<\/sup><\/span>\/60a<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN); II<\/strong> 325.15-16 (145\/6, Teb); 374.16-19 (131, Teb) [1]; 375.27-28 (140, PtolEu) [1]; 377.17-21 (210, Teb) [1]; 378.9-11 (265, Teb) [1]; III.1 815.ar<\/sup>2.1-9, ll. 7-8 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.ar<\/sup>2.35-46, ll. 43-44 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.br<\/sup>2.1-8, ll. 4-6 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.br<\/sup>.2.31-36, ll. 33-35 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.b r<\/sup>3.63-72, l. 67 (223\/2a<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.cv<\/sup>1.25-32, ll. 28-29 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.cv<\/sup>.1.36-41, ll. 38-40 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.dr<\/sup>.1.30-37, ll. 35-36 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.dr<\/sup>.1.38-44, ll. 41-42 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.dr<\/sup>.1.46-55, ll. 48-49 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.er<\/sup>.2-9, ll. 4-5 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.er<\/sup>.10-27, ll. 19-20 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.fr<\/sup>.2.6-12, l. 10 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.fr<\/sup>.2.13-30, ll. 18-21 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.gr<\/sup>.1-7, l. 3 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.gr<\/sup>.28-32, ll. 30-32 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.gr<\/sup>.34-40, ll. 36-37 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815gr<\/sup>.41-45, l. 43 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.hr<\/sup>.2.1-14, ll. 8-9 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.i.2.26-35, ll. 32-34 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 815.i.2.37-40, l. 40 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 819.7, 30-31 (171A<\/sup><\/span>, Oxyrhyncha) [1]; P.Trier<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 12.15-17 (179A<\/sup><\/span>, Herak) [1]; P.Turner<\/span><\/strong> 37.11-13 (270, PtolEu) [1]; 25.14-17 (161, Ox) [1]; P.Vat.Aphrod.<\/span><\/strong> 1.19-21 (598?, Aphr) [2]; P.Vet.Aelii<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 15.12-18 (223, Ankyron) [1]; P.Vind.Bosw.<\/span><\/strong> 10.6 (IV, HermN); P.Vind.Sal.<\/span><\/strong> 8.18-20 (323, HermN); 9.13-14 (509, Herm) [1]; P.Vind.Sijp<\/strong>.<\/span> 8.6-16 (127, HermN) [1]; 9.12-13 (V, Marmarike) [1]; 10.5, 10-14 (V\/VI, ArsN); 11.16-19 (453, Herm) [2]; P.Vindob. G<\/span><\/strong> 13263 + 13376 + 14694.10-13 (498, Herm) [1]; 13349.2-3 (VI, Herm) [1]; 13458 .1-2 (VI, Herm) [1]; 26588.20-23 (VI\/VII,<\/span> HermN) [2]; P.Wisc.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 5.15-16 (185, Ox) [1]; 7.14-19 (259\/60, Ox) [1]; II<\/strong> 52.9-12 (32, Kar) [1]; P.Worp<\/span><\/strong> 20.11 (155, Antin) [1]; 32.11, 15-17, 27-28 (155, Antin) [1]; P.W\u00fcrz.<\/span><\/strong> 11.14-15 (99, ArsN) [1]; P.Yadin<\/span><\/strong> 21.12-15 (130, Maoza) [3]; 22.12-17 (130, Maoza) [3]; P.Yale<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 51.8-9 (184a<\/sup><\/span>, Kerkesoucha) [1]; 70.1 (229\/30?, Ox) [1]; 71.11-12 (456, Ox) [2]; 72.4 (V, Ox) [2]; PSI<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 30.4-5 (82, HermN) [1]; 31.9-15 (163\/4, ArsN) [1]; 33.12-20 (150\/1 or 173\/4, Phil) [1]; 34.13-14 (397, Herm) [1]; 73.14-19 (III, Ox) [1]; 75.13-17 (VI?, Ox) [2]; 77.22-28 (551, Ox) [2]; III<\/strong> 175.15-16 (462, Ox) [2]; 178.1 (291, Ox) [1]; 187.11, 14-15 (274\/5 or 289\/90 or 280\/1, Ox) [1]; 188.9-11 (540, HermN) [1]; IV<\/strong> 283.16-24 (550, Aphr) [2]; 296.16, 22 (520, Herm) [1]; 315.10-12, 13-15 (136\/7, Ox) [1]; 385.6-7 (246A<\/sup><\/span>\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [1]; V<\/strong> 466.15-18 (518, Ox) [2]; 467.10-13 (360, Ox) [2]; 468.9-15 (200, Ox) [1]; 469.11-14 (334, Ox) [2]; VI<\/strong> 707.12-14 (351, Ox) [1]; 708.11 (436, Ox) [2]; 709.19-22 (566, Ox) [2]; 739.7-11 (163, Ox) [1]; VII<\/strong> 787.7-9 (176\/7?, ArsN) [1]; VIII<\/strong> 879.11-12 (99, Kar) [1]; 880.15-18 (254\/5, Ox) [1]; 881.5-7 (VI, OxN); 920r<\/sup>.1-5 (VI, OxN); 931.20-22 (524, Aphr) [2]; 963.18-21 (579, Ox) [2]; IX<\/strong> 1029.12-18, 18-21 (52\/3 OxN) [1]; 1030.9-17 (109, Ox); 1036.8-9 (192, OxN) [1]; 1056.9-12 (VII, ArsN) [2]; 1058.10-11 (V\/VI, ArsPol) [3]; 1069.14-17 (246, Ox) [1]; 1070.16-17 (260\/1 or 261\/2, Ox) [1]; 1071.11-17 (296, Ox) [1]; 1072.16-25 (IIIm<\/sup>, Ox) [1]; 1078.14-21 (356, Lenonos) [2]; X<\/strong> 1098.11-12 (51A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; 1124.13-17 (150, Teb) [1]; 1129.8-11 (24\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [1]; XIII<\/strong> 1330.11 (after 3.272, Ox) [1]; 1338.11-14 (299, Ox) [2]; XV<\/strong> 1518.9-11 (34\/5\/6, Bac) [1]; XVII<\/strong> 1678.2-11 (Iend<\/sup>, HermN); 1699.12-14 (173\/4, Ox) [1]; PSI Congr.<\/span><\/strong> XX<\/strong> 7.11-14 (104, Kar) [4]; SB<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 422.2? (222-238, Memphis) [2]; 4491.8-12 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [2]; 4492.10 (VI, ArsN) [1]; 4493.4-8 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [3]; 4727.6-8 (IV-VII, ArsN) [1]; 4753.9-12 (523, ArsPol) [3]; 4793.1-3 (IV-VII, ArsN) [2]; 4810.3 (IV-VII, ArsN) [2]; 5139.4-7 (VI, ArsN) [2]; 5252.16-23 (65, Nilopolis) [1]; 5286.27-30 (607, Panop) [2]; 5670.11-14 (167-192, ArsN) [1]; IV<\/strong> 7441.6-9 (230?, UP) [1]; 7443.10-12 (285, Ox) [1]; 7444.7-8 (327, Ox) [1]; 7474.5-9 (c. 254\/5, ArsN) [1]; V<\/strong> 7665.9-10 (225, ArsN) [1]; 7666.6-7 ? (330, PanopN) (unique); 7814.13-28 (256, Ox) [2]; 8086.13-14 (268, Sentrempaei) [1]; VI<\/strong> 8976.13-14 (after 105, SokN) [1]; 9085 inv. 16048, ll. 13-15 (565, Herm) [1]; 9085 inv. 16050, ll. 14-16 (579, Herm) [1]; 9085 inv. 16055, ll. 22-23 (589, Herm) [1]; 9154.16-17 (VII\/VIII, HerakN) [1]; 9226.15-18 (II\/III, SokN) [1]; 9269.10-12? (304, PtolEu) [1]; 9293.20-21 (573, ArsPol) [2]; 9461.17-20 (632, Boubastos) [3]; 9462.19-21 (c. 657, HerakN) [1]; 9561.22-25 (590, Ox) [2]; 9562.8-12 (214, Phil) [1]; 9612.5-7 (88\/7A<\/sup><\/span>?, Theog) [1]; 9873.7-9 (244, Oasis Magna); 9907.17-20 (388, Herm) [2]; 9918.9-13 (179\/80, OxN) [1]; 9921.13-16? (III, Ox); 9931.14-15 (405, Herm) [1]; 9932.11 (544\/599, Herm) [1]; X<\/strong> 10216.10-14 (III\/IV, Ox) [1]; 10263.10-13 (204, Ox) [1]; 10532.12-15 (87\/8, Ox) [1]; 10533.10-16 (171, UP) [1]; 10573.8-10 (10A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN\/ OxN) [1]; 10780.17-20 (172\/3, Ox) [1]; XII<\/strong> 10942.2-3 (4A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [1]; 10982.10-12 (288, Phil); 11047.14-17, 19-24 (194\/5?, Teb) [1]; 11061.9 (218A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [1]; 11228.14-23 (204, OxN) [1]; 11234.9-16 (210\/1, Ox); XIV<\/strong> 11279.14-17, 20-23 (44, Thead); 11281.10-13 (172, Ox); 11373.11-13 (513, Herm); 11403b.12-14, 16 (232\/3, OxN); 11431.1-5 (95\/6?, Kerkesis or ArsN) [1]; 11552.19-24 (221, Ox) [2, partially prepaid]; 11595.11-13, 15 (158\/9 or 181\/2, Teb) [1]; 11603.9-14 (157-159, PtolEu); 11711.9-16 (332, Herm) [1]; 11718.9-13 (141, Teb) [1]; 11720.10-12, 15-20 (170, Teb) [1]; 11911.21-23 (224, ArsN) [1]; 11933.15-19 (27A<\/sup><\/span>,\u00a0PtolEu) [1]; 12025.13-14 (IIIl<\/sup>, Tholt) [1]; 12049.13-15 (VI\/VII, Herm) [1]; 12050.10-12 (498, Herm) [1]; 12131.12-13 (553, Herm) [1]; 12132.8-10 (VI, Herm) [1]; XVI<\/strong> 12268.15 (IIIs<\/sup>, Ox) [1]; 12373.10-11 (158A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN) [1]; 12378.17-24 (504, HermN) [1]; 12469.8-9 (26A<\/sup><\/span>, SokN) [1]; 12481.18-21 (668, ArsPol) [2]; 12518.13-19 (104\/5, Thead) [1]; 12539.9, 10-11, 13-15 (26, Teb) [1]; 12569.1-8 l. 7 (66A<\/sup><\/span>-58A<\/sup><\/span>\u00a0or 55A<\/sup><\/span>-51A<\/sup><\/span>, Kerkesoucha Orous) [2]; 12569.8-25, l. 21 (66A<\/sup><\/span>-58A<\/sup><\/span>\u00a0or 55A<\/sup><\/span>-51A<\/sup><\/span>, Kerkesoucha Orous) [2]; 12583.16-18 (500, Ox) [2]; 12836.17-23 (225, Ankyron Polis) [1]; 12983.9-13 (161-169, ArsN) [1]; 13004.8-9 (314, Thmouis) [1]; 13005.14-16 (144, ArsN) [1]; 13006.16-20 (144, ArsN) [1]; 13008.18-25 (144, ArsN) [1]; 13010.13-23 (144, ArsN) [1]; 13011.11-13 (144, ArsN) [1]; 13012.13-16 (42, ArsN) [2]; 13017.8-13 (24A<\/sup><\/span>, SokN) [1]; XVIII<\/strong> 13100.7-8 (20\/19A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN) [1]; 13102.1-6 (81-95, UP); 13150.15-26 (II, Ox) [1]; 13161.8-28, ll. 16-17 (138, ArsN\/HermN) [1]; 13161.29-48, ll. 36-37 (after 138, ArsN\/HermN) [1]; 13161.49-60. l. 55 (after 138, ArsN\/HermN); 13582.9-11 (184, UP) [1]; 13584.16-18 (VIm<\/sup>, Herm) [2]; 13586.9-11 (VI\/VII, Herm) [1]; 13587.10-12 (555\/6, Herm) [1]; 13620.10-11 (473, Herm) [1]; 13850.9-16 (141\/2, ArsN) [1]; XX<\/strong> 14110.10-13 (VI, Ox) [2]; 14116.11 (212\/3?, Kerkeuris?) [1]; 14290.12-15 (III, Ox) [1]; 14291.9-10 (III, Ox); 14314.11-12 (26, Teb) [2]; 14315.20-25 (32\/3, Teb) [1]; 14337.13-17 (103, Ox) [1]; 14399.7-10 (IIl<\/sup>\/IIIe<\/sup>, Ox) [1]; 14464.12-13 (II, Ox) [1]; 14642.7-8 (III\/IV, Ox) [1]; 14983.7-10 (220-260, OxN) [1]; 15008.21-22 (578, Herak) [1]; 15027.5-7 (475, OxN) [2]; XXII<\/strong> 15245.1-4 (VI, ArsN) [1]; 15346.11-6 (88\/9, Kar) [1]; 15613.28 (111, Teb); 15620.11-12 (424, Alabastrine) [1]; 15729.20-26 (639, ArsPol); XXIV<\/strong> 15923.5-6 (VIl<\/sup>\/VIIe<\/sup>, HermN ?) [1]; 15925.7-9 (VIe<\/sup>, Ox) [2]; XXVI<\/strong> 16796.13-15 (518, Ox) [2]; 16819.17-21 (332, Herm) [1]; XXVIII<\/strong> 16865.3-7 (VII, ArsN) [2]; 16909.12-13 (420, Ox) [2]; 17196.14-20 (426, Ox); 17201.6-8 (VI\/VII, Herm) [1]; XXVIII<\/strong> 17208.6-11 (IVend<\/sup>\/Vb<\/sup>, Herak) [1]; XXX <\/strong>17338<\/span>.8-10 (621, ArsPol) [2]<\/span><\/span>; 17339.16-18 (630, ArsPol) [2];\u00a0SPP<\/strong><\/span> II<\/strong> p. 33, ll. 7-10 (328, Herm); III<\/strong> 239.5-6 (VI\/VII, ArsPol) [2]; V<\/strong> 119r<\/sup>.2.9-12 (before 266, Herm) [1]; 119r<\/sup>.3.18-19 (266, Herm) [1]; 119r<\/sup>.5.13-17 (after 266, Herm) [1]; 119r<\/sup>.7.12-15 (266, Herm) [1]; 119r<\/sup>.8.6-9 (266, Herm) [1]; XX<\/strong> 21.12-16 (215, ArsN) [1]; 22.8-10 (216\/7, HerakN) [1]; 53.13-15 (246, Herak) [1]; 55.6-7 (250, HerakN) [1]; 57.12-14 (263, Dionysias) [1]; 113.1-2 (401, UP); 126.11 (515, HermN); 131.10 (518, ArsN); 142.15-21 (543, ArsPol) [3]; 220.27-33 (618, ArsPol) [3]; XXII<\/strong> 173.13-14 (40, SokN) [1]; 177.11-15 (136\/7, SokN) [1]; ZPE<\/strong> 200 (2016) 336-346 ll. B6-B9 (163, Ophis, OxN).<\/p>\n

\n

4. Rent, Sharecropping<\/h2>\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

In sharecropping contracts, rent is paid in proportion to the yields: \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba\u03b2\u03b7\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u1fe5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2, \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03ba\u03b2\u03b7\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 (\u2018of all the resulting yield\u2019, \u2018of all the resulting wine\u2019). The clause is recorded in five Ptolemaic contracts, 29 from the Roman period to the end of the third century (mostly from the Arsinoite and Oxyrhynchite nomes) and 27 from the fourth and fifth centuries (mostly from the Hermopolite and Oxyrhynchite nomes). Finally, the sixth and seventh centuries yield 46 documents, primarily from the Hermopolite and Arsinoite nomes and from the village of Aphrodite. The Hermopolites provides 38 of the presently available documents, the Arsinoites 29, the Oxyrhynchites 10 (all early), and Aphrodite 12. Fruit plantations account for 57 instances of the available evidence, of which 39 documents\u2014more than one-third of the entire dataset (104)\u2014are comprised of vineyards. The term \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 (\u2018share\u2019) is used in all periods. In documentation from the Soterichos archive (I CE, Theadelphia), the lease is said to be concluded \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03c9\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u2039\u03b5\u203a\u03b9 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03b9 | 13<\/sup> \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u1ff6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f10\u03b3\u03b2\u03b7\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1|14<\/sup>\u03b8\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd (P.Soter. 1.12-14: 69 CE, Theadelphia) (\u2018\u2018At a third share to the lessee of the annual produce and yields from the vineyard\u2019).\u00a0In P.Harr. I 137.7-10 (II CE, Oxyrhynchos), the lessor is to receive, in lieu of a phoros<\/em>, half a share of the future yields: \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd | 8<\/sup> \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03ba\u03c5\u1fd6\u03b1\u03bd \u1f21\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 | 9<\/sup> \u1f10\u03ba\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u1f14\u03ba \u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd | 10<\/sup> \u03bf\u1f30\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd | 11<\/sup> \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd [\u00a0 ] \u0323\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c6\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c6\u03cd\u03c4(\u03c9\u03bd) | 12<\/sup> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03c1\u03cd\u03c9\u03bd \u0323[ \u0323 ] (\u2018As rent, the lessor is to receive half of the annual produce, both of the wine-yielding products of the vineyards and of the other crops therein, including dates, plants, and fruit trees\u2019). Under P.Oxy. VI 913, composed in the same nome in 443, the lessee is to give (\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd) the lessor \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 (\u2018instead of rent\u2019) half of the yields. Unlike the first two documents, however, the scribe here aims at creating symmetry, recording also the share of the lessee and the capacity by which he should receive it. The expression \u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u02bc \u1f67\u03bd | 15<\/sup> \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc[\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1] \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 recurs in other Byzantine documents as well. See P.Oxy. VI 913.12-17 (443 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u1f10\u03c6\u02bc \u1fa7\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f21\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03c3\u03bf\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bf\u03cd\u03c7\u1ff3 | 13<\/sup> [\u03c4\u1f78 \u1f25\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1]\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03b9\u03b3\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd | 14<\/sup> \u03bc\u0323[\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u1fc6]\u03c2\u0323 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3[\u03c4]\u03b5\u0323\u03c9\u0323\u03c2, \u1f21\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u02bc \u1f67\u03bd | 15<\/sup> \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc[\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1] \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd | 16<\/sup> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u02bc \u1f21\u03bc\u1ff6[\u03bd \u03c3]\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03b3\u1fc7 \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u1f25\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 | 17<\/sup> \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1[\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4]\u03c9\u03c2 (\u2018the terms being that we shall pay to you the landlord, in lieu of rent, half of the produce in good faith, and that we the lessees in return for the labour invested in the cultivation and the seed sown by us in the land shall keep the other half, with no delay.\u2019) (transl.: editio princeps<\/em>, p. 266). Such symmetry is also evidenced in documents from contemporary Hermopolites. Cf., e.g., P.Select. 16.9-12 (V\/VI CE, Hermopolis), in which the verbs \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 and \u03b4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 (both in the aorist infinitive) record the parties\u2019 acquisition of their respective shares: \u1f10\u03c6\u02bc \u1fa7 \u03c4\u03b5 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bf\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u1f25\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c5 | 10<\/sup> [\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03ba\u03b2\u03b7\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd]\u03bf\u0323\u03c5 \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03c5\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c6\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd | 11<\/sup> [\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u1f74 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03bc\u1f72 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b3]\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd (l<\/em>. [\u03b3]\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6) \u03b4\u03ad\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u1f25\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, \u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u02bc \u1f67\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1 | 12<\/sup> [\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd (\u2018… so that you the landowners shall have half a share of all the resulting wine and the yields of all the trees and palm trees and I together with my cultivator shall receive the other half share in return for my labour\u2019). A unique and detailed formulation appears in sixth- and seventh-century Aphrodite. In PSI VIII 934.9-12 (VI CE, Aphrodite), the scribe records the future division of the yields into three shares, of which the lessee is to receive one share \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, and the lessor two \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u0323\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd: [\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6] \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b3\u03b5[\u03bd\u03bf]\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u0323\u03c5\u0323 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf[\u03c2] \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03b9\u03b3\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd | 10<\/sup> [\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd]\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3[\u03b5\u03bd]\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c7[\u03cd]\u03c1\u0323\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u1f21\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 | 11<\/sup> \u03ba\u0323[\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70] \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c4\u0323\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1[\u03ad]\u03c2, \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bc\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f13\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, | 12<\/sup> \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u03b5\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03bf\u03c2 (l<\/em>. \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7) \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u0323\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd (\u2018\u2026 and when the time arrives every year, the surplus of all types of produce and chaff shall be apportioned to us divided into three shares, one share being assigned to me on account of my labour, and two shares to you on account of the rent\u2019).<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Waszy\u0144ski (1905): 148-158; Taubenschlag (1955): 358-359; Herrmann (1958): 204-213; Hennig (1967): 6-7; Kniepkamp (1970): 25-28; Hengstl (1972): 73-77; J\u00f6rdens (1990): 233-249; Kupiszewski (1991): 44.<\/span><\/p>\n

BGU<\/span> I<\/strong>\u00a0308.4-7 (IV-VII, ArsN); X<\/strong> 1946.6-8 (213\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt); XII<\/strong> 2157.9-10, 12-18 (485, Herm); 2158.3-6 (485?, Herm); 2175.2-5 (VI\/VII, Herm); XVII<\/strong> 2682.14-19 (481, Herm); 2689.1-6 (VI, Herm); XIX<\/strong> 2802.6-8 (IV, HermN); 2804.7-9 (488?, HermN); 2825.4 (VI, HermN); CPR<\/span> V<\/strong> 8.15-22 (320, HermN); XVIIa<\/strong> 29.11-13 ? (IV, Herm); P.Ant.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 89.10-15 (IVe<\/sup>, Antin); P.Apoll.<\/span><\/strong> 57.1-5 (VIIl<\/sup>, Apol); P.Bodl.<\/span> I<\/strong> 85.7-11 (II, ArsN?); P.Charite<\/span><\/strong> 2.11-12 (312-322?, Herm); P.Col.<\/span> <\/strong>VII<\/strong> 179.12-15 (300, Kar); 180.8-11 (315\/6 or 330\/1, Kar); VIII<\/strong> 232.18 (III, Ox); X<\/strong> 260.19-21 (149\/50?, ArsN); P.Coll.Youtie<\/span> II<\/strong> 89.15-18 (485, Herm); 90.16-22 (513, Herm); P.Flor.<\/span> I<\/strong> 17.10-15 (341, HermN); III<\/strong> 279.14-18 (514, Aphr); 282.26-29 (520, Aphr); 315.8-12 (435, Sesiy); P.Fouad<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 42.2.20-21? (III, ArsN); P.Giss.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 56.16-19 (VI, HermN); P.Grenf.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 58.11-16 (c. 561, Herm); P.Hamb.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 23.29-35 (569, Antin); 68.14-21, 25-31, 31-37, 40-42 (549\/50 or 564\/5, Aphr); III<\/strong> 222.20-21 (VI\/VII, Herm); P.Harr.<\/span><\/strong> 137.7-12 (II, Ox); P.Heid.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 351.11-18 (534\/5, Aphr); 352.9-12 (558, HermN); 353.4-9 (VI, AntaiN); 354.5 (VI, UP); P.Herm.<\/span><\/strong> 66.10?-13? (before 533, HermN); P.Jena II<\/strong> 6.18-20 (477, Herm); P.K\u00f6ln<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 104.b.1-4 (VI, Aphr); P.Laur.<\/span> I<\/strong> 7.6-8 (VI, HermN); II<\/strong> 29.3-6 (VI, Herm); P.Lips.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 18.20-22 (308, Herm); 22.12-14, 16-19 (388, Herm); 23.18-20 (374, Herm); 24.4-5 (IV, Herm); P.Lond.<\/span> I<\/strong> 113.3.4-5 (VI, ArsN); 113.4.11-13 (595, ArsPol); II<\/strong> 163.13-17 (88, Kar?); 226b.2?-5? (IIA<\/sup><\/span>, UP); V<\/strong> 1694.17-20 (516-532, Aphr); 1841.19-27 (536, Aphr); P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> IX<\/strong> 560.12-15 (46, Kar); XI<\/strong> 609.12-30 (244, Teb); XIII<\/strong> 666.18-26 (615\/631\/646, Aphr); XXI<\/strong> 849.6-8 (Iend<\/sup>\/IIb<\/sup>, Kar); P.Michael.<\/span><\/strong> 43.7-8 (526, Aphr); 46.14-16, 18-20 21-22 (559, Aphr); 93.2.9-12 (V\/VI, HermN); P.Oxf.<\/span><\/strong> 12.18-19 (153\/4, ArsN); P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 277.14-15 (19A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox); VI<\/strong> 913.12-17 (443, Ox); XXXVIII<\/strong> 2874.13-19 (108, Ox); XLV<\/strong> 3256.9-19 (317\/8, Ox); 3260.10-13 (323, Ox); 3267.8-10 (37-41, Ox); LX<\/strong> 4092.14-15 (355, Iseion Panga); P.Panop.<\/span><\/strong> 6.8-9 (336, PanopN); P.Paramone<\/span><\/strong> 18.20-22 (620, Herm); P.Rein.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 100.11 (212\/3?, AphrN); P.Ross.Georg.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 40.13-15 (588, Sesiy); 51.19-21 (630, ArsPol); P.Ryl.<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 583v<\/sup>.8-9 (170A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil); P.Sakaon<\/span><\/strong> 71.12-18 (306, Thead); P.Select.<\/span><\/strong> 16.9-13 (V\/VI, Herm); P.Soter.<\/span><\/strong> 1.12-17 (69, Thead); 2.10-15 (71, Thead); 3.16-18 (89\/90, Thead); P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 486.3-7 (504\/5, HermN); VI<\/strong> 598.14-18 (526\/541, HermN); P.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> III.1<\/strong> 815.fr<\/sup>.3.36-75 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb); P.Vat.Aphrod.<\/span><\/strong> 1.37-39 (598?, Aphr); P.Vind.Sal.<\/span><\/strong> 8.18-20 (323, HermN); P.Vind.Sijp.<\/span><\/strong> 10.5,\u00a010-14 (V\/VI, ArsN); P.Vind.Tand.<\/span><\/strong> 28.15-18 (576\/7, Herm); PSI<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 32.12-15 (208, HerakN); IV<\/strong> 296.22 (520, Herm); 316.8-10 (328, Ox); VIII<\/strong> 934.11-12 (VI, Aphr); XII<\/strong> 1233.13-15, 20-25 (323\/4?, PanopN); SB<\/span> III<\/strong> 7188.19-22, 23-24 (154A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN); IV<\/strong> 7369.12-19, 22-27 (512, Herm); VI<\/strong> 9294.10-14 (621\/2 or 636\/7, ArsN); 9587.27-34 (VI\/VII, ArsN); 9589.1-4 (VIl<\/sup>, ArsPol); 9778.6-15 (VI, ArsN); XIV<\/strong> 11855.27-31 (547?, Aphr); 12050.10-12, 23-28 (498, Herm); 12052.8-10 (545\/560, Herm); XVI<\/strong> 12228 (IV\/Vb<\/sup>, UP); XVIII<\/strong> 13850.16-17 (141?, ArsN); 13885.11-15 (547\/562, ArsPol); 13997.3-5 (VIIe<\/sup>, ArsN); 13998.3-5 (VI\/VII, Alexandrou Nesos); XX<\/strong> 14001.13-15, 17-19 (486, ArsN); 14416.11-13 (VI, HermN\/AntinN\/AphrN); XXII<\/strong> 15493.8-10 (435, Sesiy); 15769.11-13 (311, Ox); XXIV<\/strong> 15959.1-2 (VIf<\/sup>, Aphr); XXVI<\/strong> 16569.12-13 (62?, Euh); 16662.6-8 (VI, AntaiN); SPP<\/span> XX<\/strong> 70.16-20 (261, ArsN); 218.23-27 (624?, HermN).<\/p>\n

\n

5. Salary<\/h2>\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

Given the fluctuations and variations of the creation clause in labour contracts, the salary clause is the one constant that identifies a document as a contract of labour. In some cases, the clause that records the salary closely resembles the rent clause as the most common term for remuneration, \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03cc\u03c2 is regularly used in the genitive case functioning as a genitivus pretii<\/em> [Type1]<\/a>.<\/strong> See BGU IV 1058.13-14 (13 BCE, Alexandria): \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f11\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae\u03b1\u03c2 | <\/span>14<\/sup> \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u1f10\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03bc\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1 (\u2018The wage agreed upon for the milk and nourishment, including oil, being ten drachms each month\u2019). This is the case in 32 documents, primarily from the city of Alexandria (6) and the Oxyrhynchite nome (14). In 99 other cases, payment of the salary is reported as an act of the employee <\/span>[Type2]<\/strong><\/a>. Here the most frequently attested verb is \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u1f71\u03bd\u03c9, which may appear in the infinitive, future indicative, or the participle (75 attestations). Another, later alternative is \u03b4\u1f73\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9, used in 25 documents, mostly Byzantine. Cf., e.g., P.Corn. 9.8-12 (206 CE, Philadelphia): \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd[\u03cc]\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f51\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd | <\/span>9<\/sup> \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u02bc [\u1f21\u03bc]\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3|<\/span>10<\/sup>\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd (\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2) \u03bb\u03db \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f51[\u03c0\u1f72]\u03c1\u0323 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u1ff6\u0323\u03bd\u0323 \u03c4\u1ff6\u0323\u03bd | <\/span>11<\/sup> \u1f21\u03bc\u03b5[\u03c1]\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u1fc6\u03c2 [(\u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2)] \u03b4 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f04\u03c1|<\/span>12<\/sup>\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03b7 \u03ba (\u2018You receiving on account of wage each day 36 drachms, and on account of all the days combined 4 <\/span>artabae<\/em> of barley and 20 pairs of bread\u2019).<\/span><\/p>\n

In another group of 57 documents [Type3]<\/a>,<\/strong> the employee acknowledges the past receipt of the salary, using for this purpose any of the established verbs of receipt (\u1f14\u03c7\u03c9, \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u1f71\u03bd\u03c9). Cf., e.g., P.Bad. IV 86.13-17 (99 CE, Ankyron): \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1|14<\/sup>[\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3]\u03b8\u0323\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 | 15<\/sup> [\u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c0] \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd \u1f41\u0323 \u1f38\u0323\u03c3\u0323|16<\/sup>[\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f08\u03c0]\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9|17<\/sup>[\u1f70 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f10\u03be \u03bf\u1f34\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 (\u2018The agreed-upon sum on account of wages for the entire period, 80 drachms, Ischyras has received from Apollonarion in cash\u2019). In another 26 cases, the act of payment is reported from the viewpoint of the deliverer [Type4]<\/strong><\/a>; in 14 of these documents, this is done with the verb \u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, or one of its compounds. The verb \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u1f73\u03c9 is used in 3 texts, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f73\u03c7\u03c9 in 4, and each of the verbs \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u1f71\u03c6\u03c9, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u1f73\u03c9, and \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u1f73\u03c9 in two texts. In [Type5]<\/strong><\/a>, the clause is introduced by the phrase \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f11\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd. It is recorded in four documents, all wet-nurse contracts. Cf., e.g., P.Rein. II 103.9-11 = CPGr I 14 (26 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f11\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7|10<\/sup>[\u03b3\u03ae]\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f51[\u03c0]\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03a0\u03b1\u03ac\u03c0\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30[\u03c2] \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u1fd6\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b5\u1f31\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u1f78\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd | 11<\/sup> [\u1f51\u03c0\u1f72]\u03c1 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1[\u03c4]\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u1fb6\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f11\u03be\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 (\u2018And on account of the agreed-upon salary it will be provided by Paapis as nourishment, clothing, and all remaining body-related expenses, sixty silver drachms every year\u2019).<\/p>\n

In 35 documents, a combination of several types appears. A good example is P.Oxy. LXVIII 4597.10-17 (294 CE, Oxyrhynchos), introduced by Type1<\/strong> and followed by Type3<\/strong>, Type2<\/strong>, and again Type3<\/strong>: \u1f40\u03c8\u03c9\u03bd\u0323\u03af\u0323[\u03bf]\u03c5\u0323 \u03bc\u0323[\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9]\u03b1\u0323\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd | 11\u00a0<\/sup>\u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bb[\u03bb\u03ae\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03bc\u1fc6]\u03bd\u0323\u03b1 \u1f15\u03ba\u03b1\u0323\u03c3\u0323\u03c4\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03bd\u0323 \u1f00\u0323[\u03c1\u03b3]\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03c9\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03c9\u03bd) | 12<\/sup> \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6[\u03b8]\u03b5\u0323[\u03bd \u03b4]\u1f72\u0323 \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u0323\u03bb\u0323\u03bf\u0323[\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6 \u1f41] \u0394\u0323\u03b7\u0323\u03bc\u0323\u03b7\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u0323\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u1ff6|13<\/sup>\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u0323\u1fe6\u0323 \u03a0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03bc\u03af\u03bd[\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6] \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03a3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u0323[\u03bf]\u03c5\u0323 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f11\u03bd\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd | 14\u00a0<\/sup>\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3[\u03c7]\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u0323[\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6]\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10[\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc]\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f04\u03c7\u03c1{\u03b5}\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1|15<\/sup>\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u0323\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8[\u03b1]\u03b9\u0323 \u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u1f61\u03c2 [\u1f10\u03c0\u1f76] \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u1ff3 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f76 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03ae\u03bb\u03c9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u1f14\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5 | 16\u00a0<\/sup>\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u1f45\u0323\u03bb[\u03bf]\u03c5\u0323 \u03c4\u0323[\u03bf]\u1fe6 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03ba\u0323\u03c4\u0323\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u03bf\u0323[\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b5]\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f44\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u1f13\u03bd | 17\u00a0<\/sup>\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f04\u03c1\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f00\u0323\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf, \u1f05[\u03c0]\u03b5\u03c1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f70 \u1f41\u03bc[\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf]\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6 \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 (\u2018… at a monthly salary of the mutually agreed four thousand drachmas of silver each month; from this (sum) Demetrammon acknowledges that he has received and been paid in full by Ptoleminus alias Sarmates for one month (the salary) of four thousand drachmas of silver, and that for the remaining future months until delivery he will receive his salary as stated for each month, and further as special payments for the entire period three keramia<\/em> of wine and one keramion<\/em> of vinegar and two artabae<\/em> of bread, which he also acknowledges he that has received\u2019).<\/p>\n

The most common term for salary is \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03cc\u03c2, recorded in 104 documents. Other recurrent terms are \u1f40\u03c8\u1f7d\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (13), \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u1f71\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (2), and \u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (8), the last-mentioned used in the context of the cession of liturgies. The word \u2018salary\u2019, if not functioning as the subject of a genitive absolute construction, appears in the accusative, functioning as the object of any of the aforesaid verbs. Alternatively, it is embedded in one of the following constructions: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6, \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6, \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6, \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd. The object of the wage, if the term of salary is the subject in the context of a genitive absolute construction, appears in the genitive; elsewhere it stands in the accusative. Some scribes insert an indication of time, either in the genitive (rent of \u2026, e.g., P.Mil. I 48.8: 549 CE, Oxyrhynchos ?: \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5), or within a prepositional construction (e.g., P.Fouad 37.3: 48 CE, Oxyrhynchos?: \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03bc\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f15\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd). The time frame may also be expressed adverbially (\u1f21\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03c2). The genitive case is also used to indicate the object (P.Oxy. L 3595.20: 243 CE, Senepta: \u1f01\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd), the labour (P.Oxy. III 498.11 (II CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03be\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2), or the unit of measurement (P.Got. 7.9 (III CE, Panopolites): \u1f11[\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5] \u03c0\u0323\u03ae\u0323\u03c7\u0323\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2). In most cases, the salary is paid in cash (118 cases); various commodities are also attested\u2014grain (13), wine (10), oil (7), and bread (6). Payments in kind are most frequent in wet-nurse contracts.<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Zambon (1935): 55, 57-59; Bolla (1940): 18-27; Montevecchi (1950): 11-12; Taubenschlag (1955): 368; Herrmann (1957\/8): 122-124; Adams (1964): 134-135; Hengstl (1972): 44, 106-112; Manca Masciadri \u2013 Montevecchi (1984): 24; J\u00f6rdens (1990): 157-159, 209-210; Bergamasco (1994): 140-150; Morelli (1997): 13;<\/span> Straus<\/span> (2017): 127-128; Freu (2022):<\/span> e.g., 41-44.<\/span><\/p>\n

BGU<\/span> I<\/strong> 310.13-16 (663?, ArsN) [2: \u03b4\u03ad\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9: misthos]; IV<\/strong> 1058.13-15 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [1: misthos]; 1106.14-16 (before 20.2.13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1*: misthos]; 1107.10-11 (before 23.3.13, Alex) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1: misthos]; 1108.8-9 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [1: misthos with 3: \u03b5\u1f34\u03bb\u03b7\u03c6\u03b5\u03bd]; 1109.12-13 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [1: misthos with 3: \u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd]; 1110.10-13 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [3: \u03c0\u0323\u03b5\u0323\u03c0\u0323\u03bb\u0323\u03b7\u0323\u03c1\u1ff6\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9]; 1112.5-10 (after 26.1.4A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [3: \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9]; 1122.10-1 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [1: misthos with 3: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd]; 1125.10-14 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [3: misthos]; VI<\/strong> 1258.4-6, l. 5 (154\/3A<\/sup><\/span>\u00a0or 143\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Herm?) [1: misthos]; 1258 l. 7 (154\/3A<\/sup><\/span> or 143\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Herm?) [misthos]; VII<\/strong> 1647.9-11 (129, Phil) [1: misthos]; XIX<\/strong> 2827r<\/sup>.21-26? (595, Herm) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd; misthos]; 2828.5-6 (VIIb<\/sup>, Herm) [2: \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u1ff6\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9: misthophoria]; CPR XIV<\/strong> 2.6-14 (VIl<\/sup>\/VIIe<\/sup>, ArsN) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: misthos; with 3: \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f24\u03b4\u03b7 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd]; XVIII<\/strong> 1.8-9 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog); 11.221-222 (231A<\/sup><\/span>?, Theog) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd: misthos]; 18.376-381 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [4: ed.: \u03b4\u0323[\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5]\u03b9\u0323;]; P.Aberd.<\/span><\/strong> 58.6-8 (III, UP) [4]; 59.c.3-6 (Vend<\/sup>\/VIb<\/sup>, PanopN?) [\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd]; P.Alex.<\/span><\/strong> 8.13-15 (89, Boubastos) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; P.Alex.Giss.<\/span><\/strong> 5.12-13 (215, ArsN) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4o\u03c2]; P.Amst.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 49.22-23 (206-212, Ox) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u0323[\u03bd ];]; P.Athen.<\/span><\/strong> 20.18-25 (110, AphrN) [1: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd*; misthos]; P.Bad.<\/span><\/strong> IV 86.13-17 (99, Hibeh) [3; \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd; misthos]; P.Bagnall<\/span><\/strong> 33.14-16 (496, Ox); P.Bodl.<\/span> I<\/strong> 169.4-14 (308?, Oasis Magna); P.Cair.Isid.<\/span><\/strong> 81.12-22 (297, ArsN) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4o\u03c2: misthos+ekpisma]; P.Cair.Masp. I<\/span><\/strong> 67001.28-31 (514, Aphr) [2: \u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03c8\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd; misthos]; 67116.3-5 (548, Aphr) [3: timema]; III<\/strong> 67305.13-15 (568, Antin) [4: \u03b5\u1f30\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4o\u03c2: misthos]; P.Cair.Preis.<\/span><\/strong> 38.5-11 (IV, UP) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2]; P.Col.<\/span> IV<\/strong> 76.3-7 (247A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [3: \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9: misthos]; X<\/strong> 280.5-8 (269\/70 or 276\/7, Ox?) [3: \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd with 4: \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd*]; P.Corn.<\/span><\/strong> 9.8-12 (206, Phil) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd: misthos]; 11.22-23 (204\/5 or 233\/4, Phil) [4: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2]; P.CtYBR inv<\/span><\/strong>. 153.10-13 (VI, OxN) [2: \u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u1f79\u00b5\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2: misthos]; P.Dubl.<\/span><\/strong> 26.7-9 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [2: \u03b4\u03ad\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9: misthos with 3: \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f24\u03b4\u03b7 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd]; P.Fam.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> 54.11-18 (219\/233, Antin?) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd: misthos]; P.Flor.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 25.20-25 l. 24 (IIIm<\/sup>, PtolEu) [2: opsonion]; 39.9 (396, Ox) [2: \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9]; 51.1-6 l. 6 (138-161, ArsN); 74.10-15 (181, Ibion Sesymbotheos) [1: misthos]; 80.11-13 (I\/II, HermN) [1: misthos]; 101.3-4, (78\/91, HermN) [4: \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2: misthos]; P.Fouad<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 37.3-4 (48, Ox?) [4: \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9: misthos]; P.Gen.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 73.8-11 (IIIb<\/sup>, Phil) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4o\u03c2: misthos]; P.Got.<\/span><\/strong> 7.8-12 (IIIm<\/sup>, Panop) [2: \u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9]; P.Grenf.<\/span> II<\/strong> 67.10-16 (237, Bac) [2; \u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd (sic!); misthos; timema]; 87.32-34 (602, Herm) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, daily?]; P.Hamb.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 24.9-11 (223A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN) [3: \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd: katergon]; 68.14-21 (549\/50 or 546\/65, Aphr) [4: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9: misthos]; P.Harr.<\/span><\/strong> 64.24-29 (269\/70, Ox) [3: \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: salarion]; 82.16-17 (345, Ox) [1: enoikion]; P.Heid.<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 328.9-10 (III, UP) [1: misthos]; V<\/strong> 345.3-6 (VIe<\/sup>, Ox\u039d) [2: \u03b4\u03ad\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9: misthos]; 350.25-30 (612, ArsPol) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u03b4\u03ad\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9: misthos]; P.K\u00f6ln<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 52.1.15-25 (263, Antin) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd: misthos]; P.Lond.<\/span> II<\/strong> 331.10-12 (165, SokN) [2; \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; III<\/strong> 948r<\/sup>.5-7 (236, Thead) [2: \u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9: cash]; 1050.8-9 (VIl\/V, Herm) [2: \u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2]; 1166.8-11 (165, PtolEu) [3: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03c7\u03ae\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9: misthos + time kyamaton]; V<\/strong> 1706.2-5 (VI, Aphr) [3: \u1f10\u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1* \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6: cash]; P.Mert.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 97.12-15 (VI, ArsN?) [3; \u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd; misthoi ergasias]; III<\/strong> 118.19-22 (82, Ox) [5]; P.Meyer<\/span><\/strong> 11.13-15 (102-114, ArsN) [2: misthos]; P.Mich. II<\/span><\/strong> 121r<\/sup>2.8.2 (42, Teb); V<\/strong> 241.24-38, ll. 28-31 (46, Teb) [2: \u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9: misthos]; 349.4-9 (30, ArsN) [3: \u03b5\u1f30\u03bb\u03b7\u03c6\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: misthos]; 355.7-10 (c. 48-56, Teb) [4: \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9]; IX<\/strong> 574.9-15 (IVe<\/sup>, Kar) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2: misthos + 3]; XI<\/strong> 603.22-24 (134, ArsN) [3: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd: salarion]; P.Mich.Inv.<\/span><\/strong> 4436g + 4344, ll. 9-14 (12\/1A<\/sup><\/span>,<\/span> Thead?); P.Michael.<\/span><\/strong> 19.13-14 (III, OxN) [2: misthos]; 28.13-14 (311\/2, HerakN) [misthos: cash]; 46.18-20 (559, Aphr) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: misthos for \u2018the wooden machine\u2019]; 48.24-27 (572, Aphr) [5: ed.: \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76\u0323 \u03c4\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u1fe6\u0323 \u03bc\u0323\u03b9\u0323\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2;]; P.Mil.<\/span> I<\/strong> 47.9-14 (III, UP) [4: \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2: mistharion: cash]; 48.7-10 (549, Ox?) [2: \u03b4\u03ad\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9: misthos with trophe, endomenia and expenses for the entire period: cash]; 56.12 (V, Ox\u039d) [2: \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u1f77\u03c2: opsonion]; P.Mil.Vogl.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 65.13-15 (160-180, Teb) [2: \u03bb\u0323\u03b1\u0323[\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4]o\u03c2; for the work on the three arouras, per aroura: cash]; P.M\u00fcnch.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 100.10-15 (574, ArsPol) [cash]; P.Oslo<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 135.8-13 (286-293, Ox) [1: misthos; cash and grain: annually with 3: \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: one year: grain]; P.Oxf.<\/span><\/strong> 10.20-22 (98-117, Thead) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u0323[\u03bd]\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2: opsonion, monthly]; P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 140.18-22 (550, Ox) [2: \u03b4\u03ad\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9: opsonion: for the employee and the hipokommoi: grain and wine]; II<\/strong> 275.17-21, 31-33 (66, Ox) [4: maintenance and clothing: the entire period: cash]; III<\/strong> 498.11-28 (II, Ox) [1: misthos: \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03be\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: cash], [2: \u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9: daily: bread and prosphagion], [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd: misthos for the service (\u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1): daily: cash, bread, prosphagion]; IV<\/strong> 724.5-11 (155, Ox) [1: misthos: cash with 3: \u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c2]; 725.16-35 (183, Ox) [4: \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9: misthos of the apprentice: monthly, cash]; 729.11-12 (138, Ox) [1: opsonion]; 731.6-11 (9\/10, Ox) [1: misthos: annually, cash]; VII<\/strong> 1025.19-20 (IIIl<\/sup>, Ox) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2: misthos + timia]; X<\/strong> 1275.15-20 (III, Souis\/Ox) [1: misthos; daily, cash and kind with 3: \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: arrhabon: cash]; XII<\/strong> 1510.5-11 (II\/IIIe<\/sup>, Ox) [1: opsonion: cash, but see also \u2018supply of materials\u2019]; XIV<\/strong> 1626.11-19 (325, Ox) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2: misthos: daily, cash with 3: \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: misthos of two months]; 1647.25-36 (IIl<\/sup>, Ox) [1: misthos: monthly, cash]; XIX<\/strong> 2239.16-20 (598, OxN) [2: \u03b4\u03ad\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9:<\/span> misthos; in cash and kind]; XX<\/strong> 2282.2-10 (IIIl<\/sup>, Ox) [4: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2: misthos: cash and kind (expenses) with 3: \u03bc\u0323\u03b5\u0323\u03c4\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd and 2: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2]; XXXI<\/strong> 2586.20-30 (264, Ox) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1: misthos: annually, cash with 3: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 (prochreia)]; XXXIV<\/strong> 2721.13-22 (234, Ox) [1: misthos: daily, in cash and kind with 3: \u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03bd (arrhabon)]; XXXVIII<\/strong> 2859.11-13 (301, Ox) [2: \u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9: salaria: daily, cash with 3: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9]; 2875.18-19 (IIIe<\/sup>, Ox) [2: \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u0323\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5: misthos: monthly]; XLI<\/strong> 2977.18-28 (239\/40, Ox) [2: \u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9]; 2988.4-11 (II?, Ox) [2: \u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u1fc3]; XLIII<\/strong> 3095.23-30 (217\/8, Ox) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd: opsonion; monthly, cash]; XLVII<\/strong> 3354.20-30 (c. 257, Epoikion Nomou\/Senepta) [1: misthos: for the cultivation of the vineyard (\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f14\u03c1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5): per aroura: cash with 2: \u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03c8\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1: \u03be\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: in kind]; L<\/strong> 3595.17-27 (243, Senepta) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2; \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9: misthos: for \u1f01\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd, \u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c5\u0323\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u0323\u03bf\u03c2: cash, wine and vinegar]; 3596.20-28 (219-255, Ox) [1: misthos for the work: by quantity with 2: [\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8]\u03bf\u0323\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9\u0323]; 3597.12-27 (260, Ox) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4o\u03c2; \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9: misthos for the work: by unit, cash]; LI<\/strong> 3641.7-15 (544, Ox) [2: per unit, cash]; LVIII<\/strong> 3933.16-19 (588, Ox) [2: misthos: annually, cash]; LXIII<\/strong> 4388.11-14 (423, Ox) [4: \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9: misthos: monthly: wine]; LXIII<\/strong> 4597.10-17 (294, Ox) [1: opsonion: monthly, cash with 3: \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u1ff6\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 and 2: \u1f00\u03c0\u0323\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8[\u03b1]\u03b9\u0323: salaria: monthly and a further payment in kind]; LXXIII<\/strong> 4967.5-7 (VIl<\/sup>\/VIIe<\/sup>, Ox) [2: \u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2: opsonion or misthos: annually; \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03bc\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f11\u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5]; LXXIV<\/strong> 5014.10-16 (III, Ibion Ammoniou) [1: misthos; daily; in cash and kind with 3: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03bd: (arrhabon) and 2: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9]; 5015.11-18 (IIIa<\/sup><\/span> Thosbis) [1: misthos: daily, in cash and kind with 3: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf: arrhabon and 2: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9]; LXXVII<\/strong> 5107.26-31 (210\/1, Ox) [1: opsonion with additional provisions; cash with 3: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u0323\u03b9 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03bd, and 2: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1]\u03bb\u0323\u03ae\u03bc\u0323\u03c8\u0323[\u03b5]\u03c4\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03b9];]; 5121.12-14 (485, Ox) [2: \u03b4\u03ad\u03be\u03b1[\u03c3\u03b8]\u03b1\u0323\u03b9; misthos: annually, in kind]; LXXVIII<\/strong> 5168.12-14 (18A<\/sup><\/span>?, Ox) [4: \u03c7\u03bf\u0323\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u2039\u03b5\u203a\u03b9\u03bd]; LXXXIV<\/strong> 5474.35-37 (617\/8, Ox) [2: misthos*: annual]; P.Oxy.Elmagh.<\/span><\/strong> 11.18-24 (266?, Ox) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd: opsonion: cash]; P.Princ.<\/span><\/strong> III 145.1-9 (VI, UP) [2: \u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1: arrhabon of the misthoi: annual]; P.Rein.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 103.9-16 (26, Ox) [5: \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f11\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7[\u03b3\u03ae]\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9: maintenance and clothing and other contract-related expenses: annually, cash with 3: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd; for the first year, in cash]; 104.11-15 (25\/6, Ox) [5, ed.: [\u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f11\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0]\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03b8\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: maintenance and clothing and other contract-related expenses: annually, cash with 3: ed.: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f00]\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd;]; 105.3-4 (432, Ox) [1: misthos: annual]; P.Ross.Georg.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 18 no. 4, l. 18 (139\/40, ArsN) [2: ed.: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc[\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2: misthos]; 18 no. 16 l. 69 (139\/40, ArsN) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2: misthos: monthly, cash]; 18 no. 17, l. 80-81 (139\/40, ArsN) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd]\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2: opsonion: monthly, cash]; 18 no. 72 ll. 301-302 (139\/40, ArsN) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf]\u03c2: misthos: daily, cash]; 18 no. 74 ll. 312-316 (139\/40, ArsN) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2: monthly: cash and kind + thalloi]; P.Ryl.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 88.16-20 (156, ArsN) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd: for the duration of the contract: cash]; 171.15-17 (55\/6, Herakleia) [2: \u1f10\u03c6\u02bc \u1f67\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u1f7d\u03bd]; 322a.2-4 (II, UP) [2]; 342.11-22 (70\/1, Alex?) [1: misthos: for milk and nourishment with oil, with 3: [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7]\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd]; P.Sakaon<\/span><\/strong> 58.11-16 (299, Thead) [2: \u03bb[\u03b1\u03bc]\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2: misthos: daily, cash with 3: \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u0323[\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd] \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd; one month]; P.Select.<\/span><\/strong> 4.1-3 (VI\/VII, UP) [2: [\u03b4\u03ad\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9]: misthos: the duration of the contract, cash]; P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 40.44-50 (569, Antin) [2: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1; misthos or diarion: in kind; for clothing (\u03b2\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd): cash and kind]; V<\/strong> 341.16-21 (85, SokN)(?); VII<\/strong> 678.18-19 (568\/9, Herm) [4: \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: in kind]; P.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 105.19-22 (103\/2A<\/sup><\/span>,<\/span> Kerkeosiris) [4: \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2: \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c7\u03b5\u03c1\u03c3\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1\u03bd: cash with 3: \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1]; II<\/strong> 385.16-22 (117, Teb) [3: \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7[\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd]: \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f11\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc7: cash with 3: \u03ba\u03bf]\u03bc\u03b9\u03b5\u2039\u1fd6\u203a\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9;]; III.1<\/strong> 808.6-8 (151A<\/sup><\/span>-140A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [kategon, analomata]; 815.1r<\/sup>.2.25-34, ll. 31-33 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u0323\u03bd\u03c4\u0323\u03b1\u0323: monthly, cash]; P.Vind.Sal.<\/span><\/strong> 8.7-12 (323, HermN) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2: misthos: in cash and kind]; 9.9 (509, Herm) [2: \u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u0323\u03bc\u0323\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2: misthos: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u0323\u03c1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2: annual, cash]; P.Wisc.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 4.11-17 (53, Ox) [3: \u1f00\u0323\u03c0\u0323\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5; clothing and nourishment; duration of the contract: cash with 4 \u03b4\u0323[\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9; maintenance (diatrophe): cash]; PSI<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 203.5-7 (87, Ox) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3]\u03b1: misthos for nourishment and clothing: in cash and kind with 3; \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd: cash; for one year with 4: \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9: cash]; 241.13-15 (III, Antin) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd[\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd: misthos: daily, cash]; IV<\/strong> 287.11-13 (377, Ox) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd: daily, cash]; VI<\/strong> 689a.13 (423\/4, Ox) [misthos]; VII<\/strong> 789.6-9 (I\/II, HermN) [1: misthos for the harvest: by aroura. in kind with 3: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03ae\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd; cash]; ll. 13-16 [2: \u03bc\u03b5[\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2: misthos]; VIII<\/strong> 881.3-5 (VI, OxN) [4; \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; misthos?; for the vineyard; in kind]; VIII<\/strong> 921.20-24 ll. 20-22 (143\/4, ArsN) [3: misthos mechanes*, cash]; 962 B.31-37 (131\/2, Herakleopolis) [1: misthos: for the duration of the contract: cash with 3: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u1f34\u03bb\u03b7\u03c6\u03b5\u03bd and 4:<\/span> \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9]; IX<\/strong> 1037.16-19 (301, Ox) [2: misthos or salaria: daily: cash: with 3: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9; salarion: for one month, cash]; XIII<\/strong> 1338.11-14 (299, Ox) [4: \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9: phoros: per aroura, cash]; RMO inv.<\/span><\/strong> no. F. 1948\/3.3, ll. 6-9 (II, UP) [2: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; SB<\/span> I<\/strong> 4490.17-24 (641 or 656, ArsPol) [2: \u03b4\u03ad\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9: misthos: for the year, in cash and kind with 3: \u1f10\u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd; \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f24\u03b4\u03b7: cash]; 4503.19-24 (605\/607, This) [3: \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9: misthos: for the two years: in kind]; 4739.6-13 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [2: \u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2: for the year, in cash and in kind]; 5325.2 (IV-VII, UP) [3: misthos: for the year]; IV<\/strong> 7375.17-18 (222-235, Panop) [sala4: \u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2: salarion: annually, cash with 3: \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03b7\u03c6\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9]; V<\/strong> 7557.8-10 (IIl<\/sup>, Alabastrine) [1: misthos: daily, cash]; VI<\/strong> 9293.17-20 (573, ArsPol) [2: \u03b4\u03ad\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9: georgikos misthos: ed.: \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u02bc \u1f41]\u03bc\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03b9\u0323\u03cc\u03c4\u0323\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f18\u03c1\u03c5|[\u03b8\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5];]; 9587.23-27 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [2: \u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5: opsonion: per aroura, in cash and kind]; VIII<\/strong> 10205.16-20 (222\/3 or 226\/7, Ox) [3: \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: salarion et al.: cash]; X<\/span><\/strong> 10236.19-24 (36, Ox) [4: \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9: maintenance and clothing; monthly: cash]; 10439.9-14 (III, Thraso) [4: \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2: mistharion + thalion: in cash and kind]; 10751.3 (IIIb<\/sup>, UP) [2: \u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2: misthos: in cash and kind with 3: prochreia]; XVIII<\/strong> 13305.40-42 (271, Kar) [2: payment to the apprentice: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2]; 13960.6-14 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [2: \u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2: misthos: for the year, in cash and kind with 3: prochreia]; 13962.5 (630-645, ArsN) [2: \u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u0323\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2: misthos]; 13963.5-6 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [2: [\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]: \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4]\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f14\u0323\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2: occasion: cash]; XX<\/strong> 14400.11-14 (VI\/VII, UP) [2: [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bb]\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1: misthos: annually, in cash]; XXII<\/strong> 15538.5 (13A<\/sup>, <\/span>Alex) [1: misthos: cash with 3: \u1f14\u0323\u03c7\u0323\u03b5\u0323\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u02bc \u1f10\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1; 4: \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9]; XXIV<\/strong> 16320.16-18 (293-304, Kellis) [3: largely restored]; XXVIII<\/strong> 17262.16-28? (246\/256, Ox) [ed.: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u0323[\u03c4\u03b1: misthos et al.: cash];\u00a0 XXX<\/strong> 17338.16 (621, ArsPol) [2: [\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]: in kind]; 17408.9 (V\/VI, UP) SPP<\/span> III<\/strong> 56.1-4 (VIl<\/sup>\/VIIe<\/sup>, ArsN) [3: ed.: [\u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd]: misthos: cash]; 96.1-5 (640\/655, ArsPol) [3: [\u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd]; misthos; for the \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03c4\u03bf]\u03c5\u0323 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1; cash]; 324.1-5 (672\/687, ArsPol) [3; \u1f10\u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1; misthos; for the \u1f40\u03bd\u03b7\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1; cash]; 395.1-4 (VI, ArsN?) [3: \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f24\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b5\u1f34\u03bb\u03b7\u03c6\u03b1: misthos: cash]; XX<\/strong> 217.10-15 (581, ArsPol) [2: ed.: \u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u1fd6[\u03bd: annona; misthos; of the posting officials, rents and all other expenses: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bd: annually, cash + 3: prochreia]; 219.21-26 (604, ArsPol) [1: misthos: \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u1ff7: for the year of the contract: in cash and kind]; XXII<\/strong> 47.4-5 (138-160, SokN) [3: per day].<\/p>\n

\n

6. Failure to Pay Salary<\/h2>\n

Category: Penalty, Remuneration<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

BGU IV 1122.33-35 (13 BCE,<\/span> Alexandria) records the hiring of workers for the cultivation of agricultural land. The workers received part of their wages immediately and are to receive the remainder in future installments. The landowner must grant them access to the land and pay the remaining wages or, failing this, pay \u2018the equivalent epitimon<\/em>‘\u00a0\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u0393\u03ac\u03b9\u03bf(\u03bd) \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf(\u1fd6\u03c2) | 34<\/sup> \u03c4\u1f74(\u03bd) \u1f14\u03b3\u03bb\u03b7(\u03bc\u03c8\u03b9\u03bd) \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f78(\u03bd) \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc(\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd) \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u0323\u03b9\u0323\u03b4\u0323\u03cc\u0323\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0(\u1f78\u03bd) \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6 | 35<\/sup> \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7(\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2) \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c3\u03b9 \u1f22 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4(\u1f78\u03bd) \u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bd(\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd) \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f34\u03c3\u03bf(\u03bd) \u1f10\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc(\u03bf\u03bd) (\u2018And Gaius shall allow them the assumption of the work for the duration of the contract and shall pay them, in addition, the remainder of the wages in the above-mentioned installments, or let him pay the equivalent penalty as compensation\u2019). In PSI IV 287.15-18 (377 CE, Oxyrhynchos), the employer is enjoined against casting out the employees or withholding their salary, but no sanction is recorded: \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f10\u03be|16<\/sup>\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd\u03b1\u03af \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9|17<\/sup>\u03bb\u03ad\u03bd\u03b9\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd) \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u1f78\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd|18<\/sup>\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 (\u2018And I shall not be permitted to dismiss him or withhold the agreed wages before the contract period is completed\u2019).<\/p>\n

BGU<\/span> IV<\/strong> 1122.35 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex); P.Cair.Masp.<\/span> III<\/strong> 67305.15-20 (568, Antin); P.Hamb.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 24.15 (223A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN) [\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd]; P.Stan.Class. inv.<\/span><\/strong> 2.22-26 (193, Krok); P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> VIII<\/strong> 703.9 (43\/4, UP); PSI<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 287.15-18 (377, Ox).<\/p>\n

\n

7. Interest<\/h2>\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

Interest is recorded in all loan documents in all periods. Here, unlike leases and sale and labour contracts, it is routinely specified in the clause that records the act of lending. Discussed below are only cases in which the interest occurs in a separate clause, a practice that becomes common only in the Byzantine period. Even then, however, it is quite marginal, attested in just 38 documents and absent in 207. The clause follows the act of lending<\/a>, commonly introduced by a prepositional phrase functioning as a conjunction, \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff7 or \u1f10\u03c6\u1fbf \u1fa7. The verb, commonly given in the aorist, is that used in Byzantine papyri to denote acts of payment: \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, or \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9. The creditor, the prospective beneficiary, stands in the dative as the indirect subject; the amount stands in the accusative. The category of payment, given in the genitive and introduced by \u1f51\u03c0\u1f73\u03c1, \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 or \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3, is most commonly labelled \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1 (12 documents, predominantly Hermopolite and Antinoopolite), \u03b4\u03b9\u1f71\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd (8: Oxyrhynchite), \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 (3: Arsinoites), and \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03c5\u03b8\u03af\u03b1 (5: Hermopolite, Oxyrhynchite, late). Payment is commonly periodical (annual or monthly). In some cases, the amount is proportional to some monetary unit (\u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 vel sim.<\/em>). Payment is usually made in cash but can also take place in kind (in grain, wine or flax), as is the case in 5 documents (see below). Cf., e.g., P.Lips. I 13.10-17 (364, Herm): \u1f10\u03c6\u02bc \u1fa7\u03c4\u03b5 | 11<\/sup> [\u03c4]\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd [\u1f00]\u03ba\u0323\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd | 12<\/sup> [\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6]\u03bd\u03b1\u03af \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u02bc \u1f15\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ac|13<\/sup>[\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf]\u03c5 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd | 14<\/sup> [\u03c4\u03bf]\u1fe6 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03b6\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f11\u03be\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f09\u03b8\u1f7a\u03c1 | 15<\/sup> [\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2] \u1f10\u03bd\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u1ff6\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b7 (\u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2) \u1f30<\/p>\n

\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba(\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2) \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 | 16<\/sup> [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c7]\u03c1\u03b9\u03c2 (l<\/em>. [\u03bc\u03ad\u03c7]\u03c1\u03b9) \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3|17<\/sup>[\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4]\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf (\u2018On the condition that as long as these (the principal) are unscathed and guaranteed against risk, I will give you every month on account of a fixed epikerdia<\/em> one-third of a gram of gold, the time being reckoned from the next month, Hathyr, of the present 8th year of the indiction without delay, until the return of the two solidi<\/em> recorded above\u2019).<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Finckh (1962)<\/span>: 63; Herrmann (1962)<\/span>: 24; Zilliacus (1979):<\/span> 162-163; Kaser (1975): 248-249, 270.<\/span><\/p>\n

BGU<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 179.15-16 (138-161, ArsN); II<\/strong> 363.8-14 (580-620, ArsN) [\u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9: \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5: monthly, cash]; XII<\/strong> 2140.9-12 (432, Herm): [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: annually, grain, proportional];<\/span> 2206.15-20 (591-602, Herm) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: cash]; CPR<\/strong><\/span> VII<\/strong> 39.4-6 (405\/6, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u1f51\u03c0\u0323\u1f72\u0323\u03c1\u0323 \u03b4\u0323\u03b9\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03c6\u0323\u03cc\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c5\u0323: ed.: \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf]\u03bd\u0323 \u1f11\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd;]; 40.15-20 (492, HermN) [\u03b5\u1f30\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: monthly, proportional, cash]; XIX<\/strong> 38.7-13 (560\/575, ArsN) [\u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9: \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5: annual, cash]; <\/span>P.Ant.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 102.7-11 (445, Antin) [\u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5: cash]; P.Cair.Masp.<\/span> III<\/strong> 67309.39-44 (569, Antin) [\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: proportional, cash]; <\/span>P.Harr.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 86.5-8 (444, OxN) [\u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9; \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5: monthly, cash]; P.Herm.<\/span><\/strong> 64.4-5 (VII\/VIII, UP) [\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03c5\u03b8\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: annual, cash]; P.Kell.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 42.14-19 (364, Kellis) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9: ed.: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u0323\u03c1\u0323 \u1f10\u0323\u03c0\u0323\u03ad\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03b3\u0323[\u03bf]\u03c5\u0323: cash]; 43.7-13 (374\/387, Kellis) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9: ed.: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10]\u03c0\u0323\u03b9\u03ba\u0323\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: monthly, cash]; 44.8-10 (382, Kellis) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u0323\u03c9: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: annually]; P.K\u00f6ln<\/span><\/strong> XIV<\/strong> 583.10-13 (Vf<\/sup>, OxN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5: monthly, cash]; P.Lips.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 13.10-17 (364, Herm) [\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: monthly, cash]; P.Lond.<\/span> III<\/strong> 1319.12-13 (544, Herm) [\u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b3\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2];<\/span> V<\/strong> 1721.6-12 (542\/3 or 557\/8, Thebes) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; P.Michael.<\/span><\/strong> 43.15-18 (526, Aphr) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c6\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: annually, grain]; P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> XVI<\/strong> 1891.7-10 (495, Ox) [\u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5: cash]; XXXVI<\/strong> 2775.16-18 (IIIl<\/sup>, Ox) [\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1: diaphoron]; XLV<\/strong> 3266.9-12 (337, Ox) [\u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b1\u1f31\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd: monthly, cash]; LVIII<\/strong> 3952.31-37 (610, Ox) [\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9: *\u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03c5\u03b8\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: grain, cash]; LXXI<\/strong> 4831.11-13 (429, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5: woad]; LXXII<\/strong> 4918.12-15 (494\/5\/6, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5: linokalame (flax?)]; P.Prag.<\/span> II <\/strong>167.6-9 (580\/595?, ArsN);\u00a0 III<\/strong> 218.2-5 (c. 610\/1?, ArsN); P.Rain.Cent.<\/span><\/strong> 86.10-12 (381, HerakN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: monthly, sippion (flax?)]; P.Select.<\/span><\/strong> 1.8-9 (454, Ox) [\u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5]; P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 477.11-13 (VIf<\/sup>, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03c5\u03b8\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: cash]; VII<\/strong> 620v<\/sup>.2-12 (V, UP) [ed.: \u1f10\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03c3\u0323\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd\u0323 \u1f24\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u0323\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u0323[\u03b1\u03c2]: monthly, cash]; P.W\u00fcrz.<\/span><\/strong> 17.13-15 (454, ArsPol) [\u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: monthly]; PSI<\/span><\/strong> VIII<\/strong> 964.7-10 (520\/1 or 535\/6 or 550\/1, OxN) [\u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5]; SB<\/span> I<\/strong> 4498.11-18 (VI, ArsPol) [\u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9: \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5: annually, cash]; X<\/strong> 10524.11-13 (531, Antin) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: wine]; XVI<\/strong> 12472.8-11 (525\/6, OxN); XXVIII<\/strong> 17232.8-12 (484, Ox) [*\u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5: annually, cash]; XXX<\/strong> 17408.6-8 (V\/VI, UP).<\/p>\n

Section II. Prepayments and Special Payments<\/h1>\n
\n

8. Arrhabon<\/em><\/h2>\n

Category: Remuneration, Advance Payment<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

Among the twenty-four documents that exhibit an arrhabon<\/em> clause, in 10, all dating to the first two centuries, the arrhabon<\/em> is used as the first installment in the sale of landed property (5), slaves (3), or grain (1). The clause takes the form of a homologia<\/em>, in which the vendor acknowledges the immediate receipt of \u1f00\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u1f7c\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c2 of the price (\u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1fc6\u03c2) of the object of sale (in the genitive). Cf., e.g., BGU XI 2111.5-15 (IIe<\/sup> CE, Arsinoites): \u1f41\u03bc[\u03bf]\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u0323\u1ff6\u0323 \u1f14\u03c7\u2039\u03b5\u203a\u03b9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c3\u0323\u03bf\u1fe6\u0323 \u03c0\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03b1\u0323|6<\/sup>\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u1f78\u0323\u03c2 [\u1f10]\u03be \u03bf\u1f34\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 [\u03ba]\u03b5\u0323\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5 (l<\/em>. \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5) | 7\u00a0<\/sup>\u03b4\u0323\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u0323\u1f70\u0323\u03c2\u0323 \u03b4\u0323[\u03b9\u03b1]\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c1\u0323[\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd]\u03b1 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u2039\u03c1\u203a\u03b9|8<\/sup>\u03c6\u0323\u03bf\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u0323\u03bd\u0323 \u1f11\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u0323[\u03bd] | 9\u00a0<\/sup>\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c0\u03b5\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1fc6\u03c2 \u2039\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2\u203a \u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u0323|10<\/sup>\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f60\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u1f2d\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd\u0323[\u03bf\u03c2] | 11\u00a0<\/sup>\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f2d\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2. (\u2018I acknowledge that I have received from you, forthwith, from hand to hand out of the house, two hundred drachms as non-refundable arrhabon<\/em> out of the seven hundred drachms, the agreed payment for the she-slave which I have purchased from Heron son of Heron\u2019). The sole document that records the sale of grain, P.Lond. III 1229.15-16 (145 CE, Unknown Provenance), presents a different formulation: the purchaser acknowledges the future payment of the price and the vendor notes the immediate receipt of the first installment: \u1f14]\u03c7\u03c9\u0323 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd (\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd) \u03c1\u03ba | 16\u00a0<\/sup>[\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1]\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7[\u03bc]\u1f70\u0323\u03c2\u0323 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2. (\u2018I have received, out of the aforementioned 120 drachms, four drachms on account of earnest-money\u2019). Two early Roman documents, P.Fay. 91 (99 CE, Euhemeria) and SPP XXII 47.4-6 (138-160? CE, Soknopaiou Nesos), use the term arrhabon<\/em> to denote, in the context of a contract of labour, front money. In SPP XXII 47.4-6 the arrhabon<\/em> is paid in the context of a contract of performing artists, a recurrent pattern in later documents as well: \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f6d\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd\u03b1 | 5<\/sup> \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u2039\u03c1\u203a\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 (\u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2) | 6<\/sup> \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u039a\u03bb\u03b1\u03cd\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03bb\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c4\u03bb. (\u2018(The employee acknowledges) that he has received from Horos as non-refundable arrhabon<\/em>\u00a0four silver drachms, so that Claudius will play the flute\u2026\u2019).<\/p>\n

This new formulation will become, in what seems to be a rapid shift, the routine usage of the arrhabon<\/em> as early as the third century [Cf. Pringsheim<\/span> (1950): 373-376]. P.Oxy. XXXIV 2721.20-22 (234 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u1ff6(\u03bd) | 21\u00a0<\/sup>\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03bd \u1f41 \u1f08\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc|22<\/sup>\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f34\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9 (\u2018And from the hire money, Antinous has received twenty drachmae on the spot as earnest money\u2019). In the Byzantine period, the clause is used in the context of labour contracts in order to secure the employee\u2019s compliance with the terms of the contract. Cf., e.g., P.Oxy. I 140.22-26 (550 CE, Oxyrhynchos), where the employee\u2019s acknowledgement of the receipt of the arrhabon<\/em> is followed by the anachoresis<\/em> clause, which subjects him to a duplum<\/em> of the same amount in the case of escape: \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f51\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1(\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2) \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f24\u03b4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 | 24<\/sup> \u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1 \u1f25\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c5, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f10\u03be\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd[\u03b1\u03af] \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f11\u03bd\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 | 25<\/sup>\u00a0\u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 [\u03c4]\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f51\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u1fc6\u03c2. \u03b5\u1f30 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u03c4\u1f70 | 26\u00a0<\/sup>\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1 \u1f25\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c5 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f10\u03bd [\u03c4]\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u1ff7 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc7. (\u2018I acknowledge that I have already received from your magnificence four and a half gold solidi<\/em> as earnest money and that I will not be allowed in the course of the same one year to withdraw from your enduring service. If I do so, I acknowledge that I will reimburse your magnificence in the sum of double the same four and a half solidi\u2019<\/em>).<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Wolff (1946): 71-72: Pringsheim (1950): 333-429; Talamanca (1953): 21-22; Geginat (1964): 15-18; Visky (1974): 435-448; Herrmann (1982): 250-252; Straus (2004): 83-86; Jakab (2009): 73-99.<\/span><\/p>\n

AA<\/strong>: (\u1f00\u03c0)\u1f73\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0LA<\/strong>: \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9\/\u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 ELA<\/strong>: \u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03bd\/\u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 HyA<\/strong>: \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03ae(\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9) \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2<\/p>\n

BGU<\/span> I<\/strong> 240.2-7 (167-9 SokN) [sale, land; AA]; II<\/strong> 446.2-14 (169-177, Nilopolis) [sale, land; AA]; XI<\/strong> 2111.5-15 (IIe<\/sup>, ArsN) [sale, slave; AA]; CPR<\/span> I<\/strong> 30.b.5-7 (VI-VII, Herak) [marital arrangement; HyA]; P.Cair.Masp.<\/span> I<\/strong> 67006v<\/sup>.9-10 (566-570, Antin?) [marital arrangement; \u1f00\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; P.Col.<\/span> VIII<\/strong> 222.49-52, 59-63 (160\/1, Ox) [sale, slave, return of the arrhabon on the occasion of the sale; ELA: \u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03cd\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd]; P.Fay.<\/span><\/strong> 91.5-15 (99, Euh) [contract, labour; AA]; P.Gen. I<\/strong> 73.16-17 (IIIb<\/sup>, Phil) [contract, labour, LA]; P.Grenf.<\/span> II<\/strong> 67.16-19 (237, Bac) [contract, labour, performers; HyA]; P.Lond.<\/span> III<\/strong> 1229.15-16 (145, UP) [sale, fungibles; LA]; P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 121r<\/sup>.2.9 (42, Teb) [sale, land; AA]; P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 140.22-24 (550, Ox) [contract, labour; LA]; X<\/strong> 1275.20-22 (III, Souis\/Ox) [contract, labour; ELA]; XXXIV<\/strong> 2721.20-22 (234, Ox) [contract, labour, performers; ELA]; LXXIV<\/strong> 5014.16-18 (III, Ibion Ammoniou) [contract, labour, performers; ELA]; 5015.18-22 (III, Thosbis) [contract, labour, performers; \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf; HyA]; P.Princ.<\/span> III<\/strong> 145.1-9 (VI, UP) [contract, labour; \u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f21\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u1ff6\u03bd]; P.Select.<\/span><\/strong> 4.3-5 (VI-VII, UP) [contract, labour, restored; LA]; PSI<\/span> X<\/strong> 1153 (112\/3, PtolEu) [sale, land; \u1f00\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 (l.<\/em> \u1f00\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd\u03b1 or \u1f00\u03c1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2)]; XV<\/strong> 1530.3-15 (167-169, PtolDry) [sale, house; AA]; SB I <\/strong>5315.1-9 (IV-VII, UP); XXX<\/strong> 17371.8 (166\/7 or 198\/9, UP);\u00a0SPP<\/span> XXII<\/strong> 42.5-14 (185, PtolEu) [sale, land?; AA]; 47.4-5 (138-160?, SokN) [contract, labour, performers; AA].<\/p>\n

\n

9. Prodoma<\/em><\/h2>\n

Category: Advance Payment<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

The prodoma<\/em> is a loan given by a lessee to a lessor on the occasion of the lease, paid, in the Ptolemaic period, in addition to rent. Unlike the rent, which is labeled ekphorion<\/em> and is to be paid in kind, the prodoma<\/em> is paid in cash. Manifold measures are made available to the lessee for the exaction of the prodoma<\/em> (cf., repayment of the prodoma<\/em><\/a>; no prodoma<\/em><\/a>; epigeorgein<\/a>;<\/em> basilikon kolyma<\/a>). Cf. in particular, P.Frank. 1.30-37 (scr.int.) (213 BCE, Tholthis): \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5]\u1fd6 \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f08\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u0323[\u03ce]\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u039d\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb[\u03ad]|32<\/sup>[\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f04\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd] \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6 [\u03bd]\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u0323\u03c2\u0323 \u1f11\u0323[\u03be]|32<\/sup>[\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1. \u03c4\u03b1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4]\u1f72\u0323 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9\u0323 \u1f08\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u039d\u03b5[\u03bf]\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u0323\u03ad\u03bc\u0323|33<\/sup>[\u03c9\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f22 \u03c4]\u1f70 \u1f10\u03ba\u0323\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9[\u03b1] \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u00b7 \u1f10\u1f70\u0323\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u0323[\u1f74] | 34<\/sup> [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff6\u03b9, \u1f10\u03be\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9 \u039d\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4]\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03c9[\u03b9 \u1f00]\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03cd\u03bd\u03c9\u03b9 [\u1f44]\u03bd\u0323\u03c4[\u03b9 \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf]|35<\/sup>[\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03c3\u1fd6\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd] \u1f11\u03be\u03ae\u0323\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd[\u03c4]\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u0323[\u1f78] \u03c4\u1ff6[\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba]\u03c6\u03bf|36<\/sup>[\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f61\u03c2 \u1f02\u03bd \u03c0]\u03c9\u03bb[\u1fc6]\u03c4\u03b1[\u03b9] \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f05\u03bb\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u0323 | 37<\/sup> [\u1f08\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2\u00b7 (\u2018And Apollonios acknowledges that he received from Neoptolemos, as a prodoma<\/em> bearing no interest sixty drachms of bronze currency. And Apollonios shall repay these to Neoptolemos before he (Apollonios) recovers the rent. And if he does not repay them, Neoptolemos will be allowed, without penalty, to deduct grain in the sum of sixty drachms from the rent, at the value for which the grain is sold at the threshing floor, and let Apollonios offset that amount\u2019).<\/p>\n

At the beginning of the Roman period, the function of the prodoma<\/em> changes, as it is now used to record the rent itself if it is paid in advance [cf., in particular, Hennig<\/span> (1967): 36-41]. The rent, however, is still called an ekphorion<\/em>, denoting a payment in kind, while the prodoma<\/em> is always paid in cash. A lease couched in these terms is called prodomatike misthosis<\/em>, a term amply attested in anagraphai<\/em> drafted in the fifth decade of the first century CE (e.g., P.Mich. V 238 recto (46 CE, Tebtynis), e.g., l. 11). The phrasing in this period is quite simple: P.Mil.Vogl. II 105.23-25 (before 132\/3 CE, Tebtynis): \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4(\u03b1\u03c2) | 24<\/sup> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u0394\u03b9\u03b4\u03cd\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 | 25<\/sup> \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f40\u03ba\u03c4\u1f7c \u1f10\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b9\u03b6 (\u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2) \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u1f79(\u03c2) \u03ba\u03c4\u03bb. (\u2018And the declaring parties acknowledge that they have received from Didymos in cash on account of prodoma<\/em> the rent of the eight years starting from the 17th year\u2019). In the Roman period, the clause is almost exclusively Arsinoite.<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Geginat (1964): 22-23; Hennig (1967): 36-41; Hengstl (1972): 78-79; Herrmann (1982): 247-257; Rowlandson (1999): 150-151.<\/span><\/p>\n

BGU<\/span> II<\/strong> 526.20-23 (86, SokN) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; 636.19-23 (20, Kar) [\u1f10\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9]; VI<\/strong> 1262.16-21 (216\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [\u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f04\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd]; XI<\/strong> 2036.21-24 (162\/3, Herakleia) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; XIV<\/strong> 2390.8, 21 (160\/59A<\/sup><\/span>, HerakN) [\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5]; XVII<\/strong> 2696.<\/sup>.26-28 (616, Herm) [\u1f10\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9]; CPR<\/span> XVIII<\/strong> 7.138-141 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/<\/span>206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog)?; P.Flor.<\/span> I<\/strong> 20.26-29 (127, Thead) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; 25.20-25, l. 23 (IIIm<\/sup>, PtolEu) [\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1]; P.Frankf.<\/span><\/strong> 1.30-33 (213A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f04\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd]; P.Freib.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 24.11-12 (178A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil)?; 34.13-14, 31-32 (173A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1]; 35.13-15 (177\/6A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [restored according to no. 34]; P.Hamb.<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 239.13-18 (IIImA<\/span><\/sup>, Tholt?) [\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5]; P.Kron.<\/span><\/strong> 10.20-21 (116, Teb) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; 24.1-3 (II, Teb) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 311.19-22 (34, Talei) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; IX<\/strong> 563.17-21 (128\/9, Kar) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; P.Mil.Vogl.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 78.17-18 (138\/9, Teb) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; 105.23-25 (132\/3, Teb) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; P.Ross.Georg.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 18 no. 16.65-67 (139\/40, ArsN) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; 18 no. 17.77-78 (139\/40, ArsN)?; 18 no. 25.108-110 (139\/40, ArsN)?; 18 no. 72.300 (139\/40, ArsN) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; P.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> III.1<\/strong> 815.br<\/sup>.2.9-15, ll. 13-14 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [\u03c4\u1f78 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9]; P.Trier<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 12.21-23 (179A<\/sup><\/span>, Herak) [ed.: [ \u0323 \u0323 \u0323] \u0323 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u0323\u03b4\u0323\u03bf\u03bc\u0323\u03b1\u0323 [ -ca.?- ];]; P.Warr.<\/span><\/strong> 11.10-13 (98, Kar) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; P.Yale<\/span><\/strong>. I<\/strong> 67.15-17 (31, Teb) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; PSI<\/span><\/strong> VIII<\/strong> 909.5-6 (44, Teb) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2*]; RMO Inv.<\/span><\/strong> no. F. 1948\/3.3, ll. 10-11 (II, UP) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; SB<\/span> V<\/strong> 7612.14-18 (II\/III, Alex?) ?; VIII<\/strong> 9922.13-15 (159, Theog) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; X<\/strong> 10531.15-17 (36, Teb) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; XIV<\/strong> 11487.21-23 (91\/2, Teb) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; 11843.21-23 (95, Teb) [\u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2].<\/strong><\/p>\n

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10. Return of Prodoma<\/em><\/h2>\n

Category: Advance Payment, Termination<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

Seven documents, all dating to the third and second centuries BCE, discuss the return of the prodoma<\/em>, an amount of money credited by the lessee to the lessor when the contract is executed. The rule, as stated in two documents (BGU VI 1262.18-20: 216\/5 BCE, Takona, and P.Hamb. IV 239.14-16: IIIm<\/sup> BCE, Tholthis?), is the return of the money before the conveyance of the first payment of the rent. P.Hamb. IV 239.14-16 (IIImA<\/span><\/sup>, Tholthis?): \u03c4\u03b1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9 \u03a6\u03af\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3|15<\/sup>\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u27e6 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323\u27e7 \u03c0\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03ce\u0323\u03c4\u03c9\u03b9 \u1f14\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bc \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f76 \u0394\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03b6\u03b5|16<\/sup>\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 (\u2018Let Philippos repay these to Demosthenes in the first year of the lease, in the month of Daisios, before he collects the rent\u2019). In another document, P.Freib. III 34.29-30 (173 BCE, Philadelphia), the lessor ought to return the loan if due to a royal hindrance the lessee cannot cultivate the land: [\u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u03ad \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u1f78\u03bd \u03ba\u03ce\u03bb\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u02bc] \u1f43 \u03bf\u1f50 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd \u03a0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd [\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd, \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9 \u03a0\u03c4\u03bf]|30<\/sup>[\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u0398\u03b5\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f45\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9]\u03bd\u02bc \u1f02\u03bd \u1f40\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b7\u03b9 \u1f24\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u1f78\u03bd \u1f22 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u1f78\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u1f21\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1[\u03b9\u03c2 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u1f00\u03c6\u02bc \u1f27\u03c2 \u1f02\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03af\u03c0\u03b7\u03b9] (\u2018But if some royal hindrance sets in, due to which Ptolemarchos is not able to warrant the lease, let Ptolemarchos return to Theokles the prodoma<\/em> and whatever he owes him in cash or kind within [\u00a0 ] days of the date on which he (i.e., Theokles) gives him a note\u2019).<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Geginat (1964): 23; Herrmann (1982): 237-240.<\/span><\/p>\n

BGU<\/span> VI<\/strong> 1262.18-20 (216\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona); CPR<\/span> XVIII<\/strong> 7.138-140 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/207A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog); P.Frank.<\/span><\/strong> 1.32-33 (213A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt); P.Freib.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 24.12-13 (178A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil); 34.28-31 (173A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil); P.Hamb.<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 239.14-16 (IIImA<\/span><\/sup>, Tholt?); P.Trier<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 12.27-28 (179A<\/sup><\/span>, Herak)?.<\/p>\n

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11. Failure to Return Prodoma<\/em><\/h2>\n

Category: Advance Payment, Penalty<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

Three third-century BCE documents from Tholthis record the payment of a prodoma<\/em> by the lessee to the lessor upon the execution of the lease. The documents also contain provisions for its return and a provision dealing with failure by the lessor to return the prodoma<\/em> as scheduled, in which case the lessee may deduct the amount of the prodoma<\/em> from the rent.\u00a0The terminology is that used in contemporary hypologos<\/em><\/a> (\u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd) and abrochos<\/em><\/a> clauses (\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9). Since rent is paid in kind and the prodoma<\/em> in cash, a rate is set: the value of grain on the threshing floor. Cf., e.g., BGU<\/span> VI 1262.20-22 (216\/5 BCE, Takona): \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u1f10\u03be\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9 \u0396\u03ae\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03cd\u03bd[\u03c9\u03b9 \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd] | 21<\/sup> \u03c3\u1fd6\u03c4[\u03bf]\u03bd \u03c4\u0323[\u1ff6]\u03bd\u0323 \u1f11\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f78\u0323\u03bd [\u03b4\u03c1]\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u0323[\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f61\u03c2 \u1f02\u03bd \u03c0\u03c9\u03bb\u1fc6]|22<\/sup>\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f05[\u03bb]\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9 \u0394\u03b1\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2. (\u2018If he (viz., Damas, the lessor) does not pay back (the prodoma<\/em>), let it be allowed for Zenon, with impunity, to subtract grain in the amount of one hundred drachms from the rent, the amount for which it may be sold on the threshing floor, and let Damas (the lessor) receive this as payment toward the rent owed\u2019).<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Herrmann (1958): 237-240; Geginat (1964): 23; Hennig (1967): 77.<\/span><\/p>\n

BGU<\/span> VI<\/strong> 1262.20-22 (216\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona); P.Frankf.<\/span><\/strong> 1.33-37 (213A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt); P.Hamb.<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 239.16-18 (IIImA<\/span><\/sup>, Tholt?).<\/p>\n

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12. Prepayment<\/h2>\n

<\/span>Category: Advance Payment<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

Many types of documents record the delivery of a commodity on the occasion of the act of contracting. Such is naturally the case with sales, loans, and dowry receipts. Contrastingly, it is rather irregular in leases and labour contracts, in which rent and salary are meant to ensue later in the course of the contract. There are also exceptions: in the Ptolemaic period, immediate payments by lessee to lessor take the term prodoma<\/em><\/a> while deliveries by lessor to lessee, in cash or in kind, are frequently labelled prochreia<\/em><\/a>. In the clause discussed here, on the other hand, advance payment of some routine forms of contractual remuneration is seen. Widespread in the context of leases contracts (42) and contracts of labour (11), start<\/span>ing from the Roman period and attested throughout Egypt, are accounts of the advance receipt of some of the remuneration. The best documented instances in this context include advance payments of the alimentation in wet-nurse contracts (9 documents), the advance payment of some of the rent (15 phoros<\/em>; 9 ekphorion<\/em>; 1 enoikion<\/em>), and an advance payment on account of future purchase (9 cases). The clause records the amount prepaid, its share in the total remuneration, and the period that it is meant to cover.<\/p>\n

The clause may take the \u2018protocol style\u2019, in which case the verb denoting receipt stands in the aorist, perfect, or present tense of (\u1f00\u03c0)\u1f73\u03c7\u03c9. If it occurs within the framework of a homologia<\/em>, the aorist is avoided, of course. The verb that signals receipt is any of those in common use: \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9, \u1f00\u03c0\u1f73\u03c7\u03c9, \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u1f71\u03bd\u03c9, as well as the medial voice of \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u1f73\u03c9. The clause also indicates the immediacy of the payment using any of the following adverbs: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd, \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9, \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd, or \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1 (cf. Litinas \u2013 Triantafyllou<\/span> (2019): 136-151). It may also report that the delivery took place on the occasion of the act of contracting: \u1f05\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u1fc7 vel sim<\/em>. If the clause records a partial payment, the total is recorded in the genitive and introduced by \u1f00\u03c0\u1f79. A confirmation of the receipt of an entire payment (even if only for a specific time frame) may be expressed through \u03b1\u1f31 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u1f79\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u03b1\u1f77. Cf., e.g., P.Harr. I 82.18-23 (345 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6 [\u1f41] \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f0c\u03bc|19<\/sup>\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba[\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0]\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 | 20<\/sup> \u1f38\u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u0398\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f78 | 21<\/sup> \u03b1\u1f30\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u1f77\u03ba\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd) \u1f10\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9[\u03bd] | 22<\/sup> \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b1\u1f50[\u03c4]\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f78\u03c2 | 23\u00a0<\/sup>\u0398\u1f7d\u03b8 (\u2018Moreover, said Ammon declares that he has received from Isidorus and Theon said rent in full for four years, since the same month, Thoth\u2019).<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Montevecchi (1950): 12; Pringsheim (1950): 378-380; Herrmann (1958): 184, 229-235; Herrmann (1982): 249-252; Geginat (1964): 60-63; Hennig (1967): 36-41; J\u00f6rdens (1990):<\/span> e.g., 159-160, 211.<\/span><\/p>\n

BGU<\/span> IV<\/strong> 1058.16-19 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd: \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u1fc6\u03b1]; 1106.16-20 (before 20.2.13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd: \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u1fc6\u03b1]; 1107.16-18 (before 27.3.13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd*: \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd: \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u1fd6\u03b1]; 1108.9-10 (before 5.10.5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd: \u03b5\u1f34\u03bb\u03b7\u03c6\u03b5\u03bd: \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u1fd6\u03b1]; 1109.13-15 (before 4.11.5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [\u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd: \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f71\u03c2]; VI<\/strong> 1269.9-10 (III\/IIA<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [lease; \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd];\u00a0CPR<\/span> I<\/strong> 246.8-18 (162, ArsN) [phoros];\u00a0P.Cair.Isid.<\/span><\/strong> 81.16-18 (297, ArsN) [\u1f00\u03c6\u02bc \u1f67\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd: \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd: \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5: \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u1f71\u03c2]; 98.18-20 (special) (291\/2, Kar) [\u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd: \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd]; P.Erasm.<\/strong> 12.15-18 (152A<\/sup><\/span>, Kaine); <\/span>P.Fouad<\/span> I<\/strong> 40.19-22 (35, Teb) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9: \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f75\u03bd: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1]; P.Gen.<\/span> I<\/strong> 66.14-16 (374, Phil) [\u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7\u03b9]; 67.10-11 (382\/3, Phil) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2]; 69.8-9 (386, Phil) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2]; P.Gron.<\/span><\/strong> 9.14-15 (392, UP) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd]; P.Harr.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 82.18-23 (345, Ox) [\u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd: enoikion]; P.Ifao<\/span> III<\/strong> 31.23-26 (73\/4, Teb)? [ed.: \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4]\u1f74\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c7\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u1f75\u03bd;]; P.K\u00f6ln<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 220.21-23? (208A<\/sup><\/span>\/191A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN) [\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c8\u03b1 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f71\u03c2 ? Cf. ed. princ., p. 161]; P.Kron.<\/span><\/strong> 19.23-24 (145\/6, Teb) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9: ekphoria]; 19a.15-16 (145, Teb) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f75\u03bd*]; P.Lond. III<\/span><\/strong> <\/span>1164h.12-13 (212, Antin) [\u1f00\u03c6\u02bc \u1f67\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u1fc6\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9: phoroi]; P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> IX<\/strong> 562.10-12 (119, Kar) [\u1f67\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd]; XII<\/strong> 632.18-20 (26, Teb) [\u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u1f67\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1]; P.Mil.Vogl.<\/span> IV<\/strong> 239.13-15 (156, Teb) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f74\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2]; P.Oslo<\/span> II<\/strong> 32.27-30 (1, Thead) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ae\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f75\u03bd]; P.Oxy.<\/span> I<\/strong> 102.13-16 (206, Ox) [\u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: cash]; XVII<\/strong> 2136.6-7 (291, PtolEu) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: phoros]; XLI<\/strong> 2973.14-17 (103, Ox) [\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd]; XLV<\/strong> 3250.12-14 (c. 63, Ox) [naulon: \u1f00\u03c6\u02bc \u1f67\u03bd \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f71\u03c2]; 5168.10-12 (18a?, Ox); P.Oxy.Hels.<\/strong><\/span> 42.2-5 <\/span>(279-282, OxN) ]<\/u><\/span>\u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9; ed.: [\u03c6\u03cc]\u03c1\u0323\u03bf\u03bd \u1f10\u0323\u03ba\u0323 \u03c0\u0323\u03bb\u0323\u03ae\u0323[\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2];];P.Phil.<\/span><\/strong> 12.24-27 (150\/1 or 173\/4, Phil) [\u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd]; P.Princ.<\/span> III<\/strong> 150.15-17 (III?, ArsN) [phoros?: \u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c3\u03b1]; 154.7-9 (546, Ox) [\u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6]; P.Rein.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 103.12-13, 25-30 (26, Ox) [\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f11\u03be\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2]; 104.15-17 (25\/6, Ox) [tropheia et al.: \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd]; P.Soter.<\/span><\/strong> 5.28-32 (94, Thead) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c0\u03b5\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f75\u03bd];\u00a0<\/span>P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> IX<\/strong> 812.15-20, ll. 19-20 (II, ArsN) [rent: \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd]; P.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 105.20-21 (103A<\/sup><\/span>, Kerkeosiris) [ekphoria: \u1f00\u03c6\u02bc \u1f67\u03bd \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1]; P.Turner<\/span><\/strong> 25.17-23 (161, Ox) [rent: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03ce\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd];\u00a0P.Wisc.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 52.17-20 (32, Kar) [ekphorion: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b7\u03c6\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1]; PSI<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 30.5-8 (82, HermN) [\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f11\u03be\u03b1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; 33.23-25 (150\/1 or 173\/4, Phil) [phoros: \u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c2]; III<\/strong> 203.6-7 (87, Ox); \u0399\u03a7<\/strong> 1036.10-12 (192, OxN) [\u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f71\u03c2]; 1071.13-16 (296, Ox) [phoros: \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9]; X<\/strong> 1098.15-16 (51A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2]; 1134.23-24 (91, Teb) [\u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f74\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2]; SB<\/span> I<\/strong> 5252.23-26 (65, Nilopolis) [\u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u1f05\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5]; VIII<\/strong> 9830.27-28 (84-96, ArsN) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u1fb6\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f74\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2]; 9876.12-14 (534, Herak) [\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f14\u03b4\u03c9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2* \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2]; XII<\/strong> 10942.11-14 (4A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [\u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6 \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f74\u03bd \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u1ff6\u03bd]; XIV<\/strong> 11552.19-24 (221, Ox);<\/span> XVI<\/strong> 13004.10-11 (314, Thmouis) [\u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u1f14\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2]; XX<\/strong> 14464.13-15 (II, Ox) [\u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2]; XXII<\/strong> 15613.25-27 (111, Teb) [ekphoria: \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd].<\/p>\n

\n

13. Syneteia<\/em><\/h2>\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

Apart from routine rent, lease contracts frequently record commodities in kind that the lessee supplies on special occasions. The most common designations, in documents from the early Roman Arsinoite and Oxyrhynchite nomes, are thallos<\/em> and sponde<\/em> (cf., e.g., SB XVI 12539.13-15: 26 CE, Tebtynis). In the Roman period, however, these commodities are regularly recorded in the rent clause. Things change in this respect in the Byzantine period, in which the term syneteia<\/em> (\u2018customary gratuity<\/em>\u2019 (LSJ, p. 1715 s.v. III), \u2018Pachtabgabe neben Pachtzins vertraglich zahlbar<\/em>\u2019 (PWB, II, 540, s.v. 4)) is used to denote objects of consumption that are supplied on the occasion of a feast according to some documents, or on the occasion of a harvest in others. In most cases, the syneteia<\/em> clause immediately follows the clause providing for payment of the regular rent and precedes that stipulating the return of the object rented after the lease is over. The most common formulation, as in the case of P.Stras. V 486.11-17 (504\/5 CE, Hermopolites) is \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9<\/strong> \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bb[\u03cc]\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong> \u03c3\u0323\u03c4\u03b1\u0323\u03c7\u03cd\u0323\u03c9\u0323\u03bd \u03b4\u03ad\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 (l.<\/em> \u03b4\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1) \u03c4\u03c1[\u03af\u03b1 ] | 12\u00a0<\/sup>\u03ba[\u03b1\u1f76 – ca.30 -] \u0323\u03bf\u03c5\u0323 \u1f00\u03b3\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03c2 [\u03b4\u03cd]\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c8\u03ac[\u03bd\u03b7]\u03c2 \u1f04\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03be\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u0323 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 (l<\/em>. \u03b4\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1) \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf | 13\u00a0<\/sup>\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u0323[\u03be\u03c9 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 – ca.19 -] \u0323 \u0323 [\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76] \u03c8\u03c9\u03bc\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b6\u03b5[\u03cd]\u03b3\u0323\u03b7\u0323 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u0323 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03c5\u0323\u03c1\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f50\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf(\u03c5\u03c2) \u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03bf[\u03bd\u03c4]\u03b1\u0323 | 14<\/sup> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03ba\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9[\u03c2 \u03bb\u03af\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 – ca.10 -] \u0323[ \u0323 \u03ba]\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u0323[\u03b9]\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u1f7c\u03bd (l.<\/em> \u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd) \u03b2\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd (l.<\/em> \u1f15\u03bd) \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u0323\u03c5\u0323 (l<\/em>. \u1f10\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5) \u1fe5\u03b1\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 (l<\/em>. \u1fe5\u03b1\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5) \u03be\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd (l.<\/em> \u03be\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd) \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u1f15\u03bd\u03b1) | 15<\/sup> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f44[\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323]\u03b1 \u0323 \u0323[ \u0323]\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7 \u0323[ \u0323 \u0323] \u0323 \u1f04\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u1f10\u0323\u03ba [\u03c4]\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03af\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c3\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03af\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5 | 16\u00a0<\/sup>\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u0323 \u0323 \u0323\u03c4 \u0323[- ca.12 -] \u03be\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f40\u0323[\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac]\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03ac\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (l.<\/em> \u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd) \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd (l.<\/em> \u1f13\u03bd) \u1f04\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u0323[\u03af]\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2 (l.<\/em> \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c2) \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd (l.<\/em> \u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2) \u1f25\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c5 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad|17<\/sup>\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 (\u2018And I shall provide without delay on account of customary payment three bundles of corn-ears and [\u00a0 \u00a0 ] two sheaves and two vessels of charlock, and two bundles of wood, and I shall provide on account of [\u00a0 \u00a0 [<\/span> forty pairs of morsels and forty acceptable pieces of cheese and [\u00a0 \u00a0 ] litra of meat and one small plate filled with meat and one pint of radish oil and [\u00a0 \u00a0 ] of vinegar [\u00a0 \u00a0 ] vessels from the joint jar and on account of unguent from the remaining jar and [\u00a0 \u00a0 ] of instrument of woods and one sucking pig one, half wheat artabae worth\u2019). Alternatively, one also uses the term \u1f51\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1<\/a>. SB XXX 17339.18-25 (630 CE, Arsinoiton Polis): \u03c7o\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9 | 19<\/sup> [\u03b4\u1f72 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fd6\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u1f51\u03c0]\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03bc\u03b9\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u1f45\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd | 20<\/sup> [ – c. 12 \u2013<\/span> \u03bb\u03b1]\u03c7\u0323\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u0323\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f11\u03c0\u03c4\u0323\u1f70 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f13\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f51\u0323\u03b4<\/span>\u03b5\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 (l.<\/em>\u1f21\u03b4\u03c5\u1f79\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5) <\/span>| 21<\/sup> [\u03b4\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f13\u03bd <\/span>\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 . . .] . . . \u03b4\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f13\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03af\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03bc\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf {\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76} \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd | 22<\/sup> \u1f13\u03bd \u2013 c. 12 \u2013 ]\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03af\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd [\u1f13\u03bd]\u03b1\u0323<\/span> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ac\u03c0\u03b1\u03be \u1fe5\u03bf\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 | 23<\/sup> [\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd] \u03c0\u0323\u03b5\u03c1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd \u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03bc\u03b9\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u1f70 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 | 24<\/sup> [\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f04\u03c3\u03c4]\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u1f70 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f21\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5(\u03c3\u1f77\u03c9\u03c2) | 25<\/sup> [\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u1f11\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u1f74\u03bd] \u1f51\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u03ba\u03bd\u1f77\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd) <\/span>\u1f15\u03bd (\u2018and I shall provide you on account of hyperesia<\/em> seasonally for the entire year – – seven demata<\/em> of lachanon<\/em> and one dema<\/em> of coriander and one dema<\/em> of mint and on account of citron for two months one small basket [\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0] one citron and on the same occasion ninety pomegranates and in the season of the peaches again seasonally forty peaches and in the season of the stars two hundred peaches and four melons and daily on the occasion of the feasts one hyperesia<\/em>, and I shall receive one knidion of wine\u2019). In the village of Aphrodite, the category is left unlabeled. In at least seventeen cases, the contract records a lease of vineyard.<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Eitrem (1937): 41-45; Herrmann (1958): 118-122; Herrmann (1971): 135-142; Battaglia<\/span> (1989): 97-99; Rowlandson (1999): 144; Worp (2001): 59.<\/span><\/p>\n

BGU<\/span> I<\/strong> 308.12-13 (IV-VII, ArsN) [ed.: \u03b4(?)]\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd;]; III<\/strong> 840.7-8 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [\u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; XII<\/strong> 2175.5-10 (VI\/VII, Herm) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, \u1f10\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cd\u03b3\u03b7\u03c2]; 2186.10-11 (514?, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9]; XVII<\/strong> 2682.19-26 (481, Herm) [\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5]; 2685.24-27 (585, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9: \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; 2689.6-15 (VI, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u1f10\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cd\u03b3\u03b7\u03c2]; XIX<\/strong> 2808.18-23 (528, Herm); 2810.18-22? (559\/60, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9: \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; 2812.7-10 (VI, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd: annual, \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; 2814.14-16 (VI\/VII, Herm); 2816.11-13 (Vs<\/sup>, Herm); 2825.5-7 (VI, HermN)?; CPR<\/span> IX<\/strong> 26.14-20 (545\/6, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9: annual]; 30.10-12 (VII, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9: annual, \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; X<\/strong> 28.3-5 (VI, ArsPol) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u1f41\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5]; XIV<\/strong> 2.14-17 (VIl<\/sup>\/VIIe<\/sup>, ArsN) [\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u1f15\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f21\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; P.Berl.Zill.<\/span><\/strong> 7.23-25 (574, Ox) [\u03b3\u03b5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f51\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03b9]; P.Cair.Preis.<\/span><\/strong> 41.9-11 (IVf<\/sup>, Herm?) [\u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f21\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd ; \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03b3\u1fc6\u03c2]; P.Coll.Youtie<\/span> II<\/strong> 89.18-21 (485, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u1f10\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cd\u03b3\u03b7\u03c2]; P.Giss. I<\/span><\/strong> 56.21-22 (VI, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9, annually]; P.Grenf.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 57.17 (561, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; P.Harr.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 137.18-30 (II, Ox)?; P.Heid.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 352.12 (558, HermN) [ed.: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad]\u03be\u03c9 \u03b4\u1f72\u0323 \u03ba\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03c4\u0323\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5[\u03af]\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u0323\u1ff7 (l<\/em>. \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7) \u03c4\u03c1\u03c5\u03b3\u1ff6\u03bd\u0323;]; P.Herm.<\/span><\/strong> 26.14 (V, UP)?; P.Horak<\/span><\/strong> 8.12-14 (VI, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd: no term]; P.K\u00f6ln<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 104.b.1-4 (VI, Aphr) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9: annually: no term]; P.Laur.<\/span> I<\/strong> 7.9-11 (VI, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1fbd \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; II<\/strong> 29.6-9 (VI, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1fbd \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; P.Lond.<\/span> I<\/strong> 113.4.20-24 (595, ArsPol) [ed.: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3|\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f50\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f11\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03c1\u03af\u03c6\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u1f50\u03ac\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 | \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03ba[\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4]\u1f74[\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0]\u03b7\u0323\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2;]; II<\/strong> 163.32-33 (88, Kar?); III<\/strong> 1030.3-4 (c. 527, Herm) [\u1f10\u03bd\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f36\u03bao\u03bd]; 1036.8-10 (VI\/VII, HermN) [ed.: \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u0323\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3\u0323 [\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd]\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f11\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u1fc7 \u0398\u03cd\u0323\u03bd\u0323\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2;]; V<\/strong> 1694.21-24 (516\/7 or 531\/2, Aphr) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd: no term]; 1695.17-18, 23-25 (530\/1?, Aphr) [no term]; 1771.8-10 (VI, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1fbd \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; P.Mert.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 107.21-22 (II, ArsN) [thallos]; P.Michael.<\/span><\/strong> 19.20 (III, OxN)?; 43.11-12 (526, Aphr) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2: ed.: \u1f11\u03bf\u0323\u03c1\u03c4\u0323\u03b7;]; 46.21-22 (559, Aphr) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9: annual: no term]; 54.11-12 (VI, Aphr); P.Mil.Vogl.<\/span> III<\/strong> 145.12-14 (142, Teb) [ed.: \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b4\u03ad \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 | \u03c4\u03bf[\u1fd6]\u03c2 [\u03b3]\u03b5[\u03bd\u03b5\u03b8\u03bb\u03af]\u03bf[\u03b9\u03c2;] P.Oxf.<\/span><\/strong> 16.14-16 (VI\/VII, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03b9: annual: no term]; P.Oxy.<\/strong> IV<\/strong> 729.10 (138, Ox) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; LXX<\/strong> 4786.19-24 (551, Ox) [loan contract; \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; P.Paramone<\/span><\/strong> 18.22-26 (620, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2: term lost]; P.Prag.<\/span> II<\/strong> 160.1-3 (VIm<\/sup>, Herm); P.Ross.Georg.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 40.20-23 (588, Sesiy) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9]; V<\/strong> 42.18-20 (602, HermN) [ed.: \u1f51\u0323\u03c0\u0323\u1f72\u0323\u03c1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u02bc \u1f15\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7;]; P.Select.<\/span><\/strong> 16.13-17 (V\/VI, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9]; P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 186.10-11 (V\/VI, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd]; V<\/strong> 476.11-12 (VI, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1fbd \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; 477.17 (VIe<\/sup>, HermN)?; 482.15-17 (542, HermN) [ed.: [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3]\u1ff3 \u03c3\u0323[\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2;]; 483.21-22 (512, HermN); 486.11-17 (504\/5, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; 488.3-6 (VI, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9: annually]; 489.4-6 (VI, HermN); VI<\/strong> 597.11-14 (541, HermN) [ed.: \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5|\u03af\u03b1[\u03c2];]; VIII<\/strong> 754.17 (VIIe<\/sup>, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1fbd \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; 755.18-20 (VII, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; P.Vat.Aphrod.<\/span><\/strong> 1.35-37 (598 ?, Aphr); P.Vind.Sal.<\/span><\/strong> 8.24-26 (323, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03b4\u03ad \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cd\u03b3\u03b7\u03c2]; P.Vind.Tand.<\/span><\/strong> 28.18-21 (576\/7, Herm); P.Vindob. G<\/span><\/strong> 13458.5-6 (VI, Herm) [ed.: \u1f11\u0323\u03ba\u0323\u1f71\u0323\u03c3\u0323\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u1fe6;]; P.Worp<\/span><\/strong> 37.15-18 (620\/650\/665, Herak) [ed.: [- ca.25 – ] \u03b4\u0323\u03ad \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u02bc \u1f15\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u1f11\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u1fc7 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03a4\u1fe6\u03b2\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f79\u03c2;]; PSI<\/span><\/strong> VII<\/strong> 787.10-11 (176\/7?, ArsN) [ed.: \u03b4\u03ce\u0323[\u03c3\u03c9] \u03b4\u0323\u03ad\u0323\u03bb\u03c6\u03b1\u03ba\u0323\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b2\u0323;]; SB<\/span> <\/strong>IV<\/strong> 7369.16-19, 25-27 (512, Herm) [ed.: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u0323\u03be\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 [\u03c0\u03c1]\u1f78\u0323\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u0323\u03c2 \u1f10\u0323\u03ba\u0323\u03b2\u0323\u03b7\u03c3[\u03bf]\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f51\u0323\u03c0\u0323\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bd\u03b5\u03bf\u03c6\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5;]; VI<\/strong> 9085 inv. 16048, ll.18-21 (565, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; 9085 inv. 16050, ll. 19-22 (579, Herm) [ed.: \u03c0\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03ad\u0323\u03be\u0323\u03c9\u0323 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2;]; 9151.1-2 (c. 600, Herm) [\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f14\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2*]; 9294.18-21 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c7\u03c9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cd\u03b3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; 9587.34-40 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [ed.: \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3[\u03c9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9] \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8(\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2);]; 9589.12-16 (VIl<\/sup>, ArsPol) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8(\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2)]; XIV <\/strong>12050.13-18 (498 CE, Herm); 12132.14-15 (VI, Herm); XVIII<\/strong> 13585.1 (Vl<\/sup>\/VIe<\/sup>, Herm) [\u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f11\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u1fc7 \u0398\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2]; 13586<\/span>.12-14 (VI\/VII, Herm) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f11\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u1fc7 \u0398\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2]; 13885.17-21, 21-23 (547\/562, ArsPol) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03c2]; 13997.7-10 (VIIe<\/sup>, ArsN) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b4\u03ad \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cd\u03b3\u03b7\u03c2]; XXIV<\/strong> 15923.8-10 (VIl<\/sup>\/VIIe<\/sup>, HermN?) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; 16189.2-3 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; XXVI<\/strong> 16487.2 (VI, HermN); XXX <\/strong>17338.10-15 (621, ArsPol) [ed.: \u03c7o\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fd6\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u1f51\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03bc\u03b9\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u1f45\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u1f79\u03bd]; 17339.18-25<\/span> (630, ArsPol) [ed.: \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03a4\u1fe6\u03b2\u03b9 \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9 | 19<\/sup> [\u03b4\u1f72 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fd6\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u1f51\u03c0]\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03bc\u03b9\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u1f45\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f11\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd;]; 17339.27-28 (550, ArsPol); SPP<\/span> XX<\/strong> 218.28-33 (VIIe<\/sup>?, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2].<\/p>\n

\n

14. Hyperesia<\/em><\/h2>\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

The term \u1f51\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 is used in documentary texts to denote the services due by the employee\/lessee of a piece of land. It is also attested as a synonym to the syneteia<\/a>, denoting objects, mostly comestibles, that are to be rationed by the lessee to the lessor. It also appears for rations given by the lessor to the lessee, as is the case in P.Sakaon 71.24-25 (306 CE, Theadelphia), a contract recording the lease of sheep and goats, the lessor should give the lessee the \u2018customary aid\u2019: \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u02bc \u1f51\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd | 25<\/sup> \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8[\u03b7] \u1f51\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5[\u03c3\u03af]\u03b1\u03bd. The same term is recorded in P.Oxy. XXXIV 2721 (234 CE, Oxyrhynchites), a work contract with entertainers, where the prospective employees should receive their remuneration \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f76\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4[\u03bf]\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd | 17<\/sup> \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u0323\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f11\u03bd\u1f78\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 | 18<\/sup> \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f51\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f45\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd | 19<\/sup> \u1f21\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f11\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 (\u2026..\u2018apart from what goes to the lamp, one segment of loaf (?), the usual service, and every day one keramion of wine\u2019). Just as in the case of syneteia<\/em>, then, the hypereseia<\/em> comprises an allowance in kind.<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Herrmann (1958): 121-122.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

P.Oxy. <\/strong>XXXIV 2721.16-19 (234, OxN); P.Sakaon<\/strong> 71.23-24; P.Vind.Sijp.<\/strong> 10.11-13 (V\/VI, ArsN); SB VI<\/strong> 9588.7-11 (VII, ArsN); XVIII<\/strong> 13885.11-13 (547\/562, ArsN); XXVI<\/strong> 16830.18-25 (630, ArsPol);<\/p>\n

\n
\n

15. Supply of Workers in a Lease Arrangement<\/h2>\n

Category: Provisions<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

The present clause records provisions given to workers. SB XXX 17338.18-19 (621, ArsPol): \u1f14\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u1f74\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 | 19<\/sup> [\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8]\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c6\u03c5\u03bb\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf[\u03bd\u03bf]\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03c9\u1fe6 (l<\/em>. \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6) \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd. Cf. also SB XXX 17339 17339.27-28 (630 CE, Arsinoiton Polis).<\/p>\n

\n

16. Farewell Gift from Master<\/h2>\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

The master owes his apprentice pieces of clothing and a work tool (ergaleion<\/em>) at the end of the apprenticeship. This gratuity is attested in the greatest detail in P.Oxy. XXXVIII 2875.28-34 (IIIe<\/sup> CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u0396\u03c9\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 (l<\/em>. \u0396\u03c9\u0390\u03bb\u1ff3) \u03c0\u03b1|29<\/sup>\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u1fc3 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c4\u1fc6 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5[\u03c1]|30<\/sup>\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u1ff3 \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u0323[\u03b5]\u03b9 \u1f41 \u1f08\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f31\u03bc\u0323\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9[\u03b1] \u1f04\u03be\u03b9\u03b1 | 31<\/sup> \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f11[\u03be]\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u02bc \u1f67\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u0323\u03c1\u0323[\u1f76] \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd | 32<\/sup> \u03b5\u1f30\u03c3\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03bd\u0323\u03ba\u03b5 [\u03c4]\u1ff6\u0323\u03bd \u1f34\u03c3\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f11\u03be\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd|33<\/sup>[\u03c4]\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb[\u03b5\u1fd6\u03b1] (l<\/em>. \u1f10\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb[\u03b5\u1fd6\u03b1]) \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f76\u03c2 | 34<\/sup> \u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u0323[\u1fe6\u03c3]\u03b1 \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f21 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u0396\u03c9\u0390\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1 | 35<\/sup> \u0391\u1f50\u03c1\u03ae\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1 [\u0396\u03bf\u03ca]\u03bb\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u1fe6\u03c2 \u03a0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b7\u0323\u03c4\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u1f79\u0323\u03c2\u0323 (\u2018Apollonios will give Zoilos, when he has finished the term of three years with the overseer and departs, clothes worth sixty drachmas, in return for those which he brings with him worth also sixty drachmas and also tools of the builder\u2019s craft without cost\u2019) (transl.: Bagnall (1968): 138<\/span>).<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Bagnall (1968): 135-139.<\/span><\/p>\n

P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 346b.6 (16\/7, Teb) [\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: \u03c7\u03b9\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd]; P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> XXXVIII<\/strong> 2875.28-34 (IIIe<\/sup>, Ox) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9: \u1f10\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2]; P.Ross.Georg.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 18 no. 16.72 (140, ArsN).<\/p>\n

Section III. Modes of Delivery<\/h1>\n
\n

17. Delivery of Salary in Labour Contracts<\/h2>\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

Six documents set forth the mode of payment of the salary. The evidence, however, is too sparse to determine common formulaic features. Cf., e.g., P.Oxy. L 3595.22-27 (243 CE, Senepta): \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u0323\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u1ff6\u03bd | 23<\/sup> \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u2039\u03bb\u03af\u203a\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f40\u03ba\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14|24<\/sup>\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u1fd6\u03c3\u03b4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c3\u03b9, \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u0398\u1f7c\u03b8 \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2\u0323 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c7\u1f7c\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03bc\u1fc6|25<\/sup>\u03bd\u03b1\u0323 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b9 \u1f18\u03c0\u03b5\u1f76\u03c6 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u1f51\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03bc\u1fc6|26<\/sup>\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u039c\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u1f74 \u03c4\u1f70\u0323\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u1f70\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 | 27<\/sup> \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (\u2018The total payment of four thousand eight hundred drachmas I shall receive annually in the following installments. From Thoth to Pachon four hundred drachmas a month, in Pauni and Epeiph for firing five hundred drachmas per month, and in Mesore the remaining two hundred drachmas\u2019.) (transl.: editio princeps<\/em>, p. 236).<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Hengstl (1972): 39; J\u00f6rdens (1990): 267.<\/span><\/p>\n

P.Cair.Masp.<\/span> I<\/strong> 67116.5-6 (548, Aphr); P.Flor.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 101.5-7, 10-15 (measurement) (78\/91, HermN); P.K\u00f6ln<\/span> I<\/strong> 52.1.26-29 (263, Antin); P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 724.7-12 (155, Ox); L<\/strong> 3595.22-27 (243 Senepta); LXIII<\/strong> 4388.14-15 (423, Ox) (?); PSI<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 465.21-24 (264-268, Ox).<\/p>\n

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18. Delivery in Lease<\/h2>\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

Every lease contract records the existence of a rent and, ipso facto<\/em>, also stipulates the terms by which said rent should be paid. It is therefore not surprising that this clause is one of the best attested in legal documents from Ptolemaic, Roman, and Byzantine Egypt: 747 cases have been registered in Synallagma<\/em>. The clause shows much affinity with the clause in loan contracts that provides for repayment of the loan. This affinity relates in particular to the verb that elicits the structure of the clause: just as in the case of loans, the routine verb here is \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9. Sampling the future indicative and infinitive (which seems routine in the Roman and the Byzantine periods), the verb appears in 304 cases, to which one may add 27 more, in which the periphrastic counterpart \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 is recorded. \u1f08\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, of course, is not the only verb that denotes delivery. Our sources exhibit multiple other verbs that may, theoretically, stand in for \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, such as \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u1f71\u03c6\u03c9 for the delivery of cash and \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9 for delivery in kind. Before the Byzantine period, however, instead of substituting for \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, these verbs usually act supplementarily. This is particularly the case with \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u1f73\u03c1\u03c9 and, more commonly, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1f77\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9, \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9, and \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9, all of which, in the case of delivery in kind, introduce the terms of the physical transfer of the goods, while \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9 denotes the duty of payment in general. In the Byzantine period, scribes increasingly resort to new vocabulary, with the aorist form of \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f73\u03c7\u03c9 commonly denoting the act of delivery. Evidence follows.<\/p>\n

The interaction of these verbs with \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9 can be established in documents from the Ptolemaic through the Byzantine period. A case in point is BGU VI 1267.2-11 (266\/5 or 228\/7 BCE<\/span>, Oxyrhynchites): \u03c4\u1f70 \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u1f70] | 3<\/sup> \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc[\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03a0\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ce\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b5\u03ac\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2] | 4<\/sup> \u039d\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc[\u03c9\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f76 – ca.18 – \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b5\u1f30\u03ba\u03bf]|5<\/sup>\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u1fd6[\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u1f78\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f04\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd] | 6<\/sup> \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03b9 \u03b3\u1fc6\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4[\u03c1\u03c9\u03b9 \u03c7\u03cc\u03ca \u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u039d\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03b1\u03b9] | 7<\/sup> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4[\u1f70 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f70 \u039d\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5] | 8<\/sup> \u1f30\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03b9 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9, \u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9\u0323[\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03c7\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4]\u1f78\u0323 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1|9<\/sup>\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf [\u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4]\u1f70\u0323 \u039d\u03b5\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf|10<\/sup>\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f30\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03b9 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4[\u03b9 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323] \u03ba\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03b9\u0323 \u03b5\u0323\u03bc[ -ca.?- \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u039d\u03b5]\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad|11<\/sup>\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 (\u2018And the rent agreed upon let Posidonios and Karneades pay to Neoptolemos in the month of – – of the twentieth year, in pure and unadulterated grain grown upon the land using the chois-measure of Neoptolemos applying just measurement. Let them deliver the rent to the house of Neoptolemos at their own expense. Let them give also one-fourth of the chaff, and let them deliver it to the house of Neoptolemos at their own expense\u2019). The key verb, \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, is invoked to report the payment of the rent; \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u1f73\u03c1\u03c9 for its shipment; and the verbum simplex, \u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, reports the delivery of a special category of commodity, in this case fodder.<\/p>\n

As in the cases of repayment of a loan and surrender of an object in a commodity sale, the imperative aorist yields to the future indicative and the infinitive in the Roman and Byzantine periods. This transition is evident in the second complex text, P.Stras. I 2.12-14 (217 CE, Hermopolis): \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3(\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd) \u03b4\u03cc\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9 \\\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u1f78\u03bd\/ \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f18\u03c0\u03b5\u1f76\u03c6 \u03bc\u03b7[\u03c3]\u1f76 \u1f10\u0323\u03ba\u0323\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 | 13<\/sup> \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c3\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bc\u1f72 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u1f78\u03bd \u1f00\u03c6\u03b5\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u0323\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u1f00\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd) \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4[\u03bf\u1fe6] \u03b1\u1f50\u0323[\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6] | 14<\/sup> \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b9[\u03bf\u03bd] \u1f15\u0323\u03bd, \u03b3\u0323(\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9) [\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1(\u03ac\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd)] \u03b1 (\u2018And I will pay the cash approved and measure out the wheat in the months of Pauni and Epeiph and the grain after the grain tax that is incumbent upon me the landlord has been deducted from the same rent, and I will also give as a contribution one keramion<\/em> of wine, that is 1 keramion<\/em>\u2019). Here, the verb \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9 seems restricted to payment in cash and \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9 to payment in kind, while \u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9 is again used to report a special category, this time a \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u1f71\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd of wine given under the title of misthotikon<\/em>.<\/p>\n

The main verbs here, as in the case of loans, entail the use of an indirect object for the lessor and a direct object for the commodity. In the latter case, a shift takes place in loans from explicit mention of the category, introduced by an article, in the Ptolemaic period, to an anaphoric relative pronoun in the Roman (see \u2018Repayment of the Loan<\/a>‘). While some early Roman texts exhibit the same practice in leases, in general the change does not set in as early here. In the case of loans, the clause that anticipates its repayment immediately follows the clause describing the loan, a positioning that allows the use of a relative pronoun with the amount of loan forming the antecedent in the main clause, introduced into the subordinate clause through a relative pronoun. In the case of leases, on the other hand, documents frequently deal with the delivery of the rent at some distance from the clause at which it is originally mentioned. In BGU XI 2123.20-24 (85 CE, Arsinoites), for example, the delivery clause (ll. 20-24) is separated from the rent clause (ll. 12-17) by an account of the lessee\u2019s duties in the course of the contract, and in SB XII 10942.22-28 (4 BCE, Oxyrhynchites) the scribe inserts, after describing the rent, no less than four clauses before finally establishing the manner of its delivery. The use of the relative pronoun is syntactically impossible under these circumstances; instead, explicit reference to the loan category (ekphorion<\/em>, phoros<\/em>, enoikion<\/em> etc.), introduced by an article, is made. (See list of documents below.) This state of affairs will change only in the Byzantine period, with the partial demise of the clause recording the duties of the lessee (cf. discussion below, \u2018Duties in Lease (general)\u2019<\/a>). The change is manifested particularly in the Hermopolite nome: SB VIII 9907.20-21 (388 CE, Herm): \u1f45\u03bd\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u2039\u03c3\u03c9\u203a \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 | \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u02bc \u1f15\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 (\u2018which rent I will pay you annually without delay\u2019).<\/p>\n

Throughout all periods, the designation of the object is receptive to additional descriptive elements, adjectives or adnominally used prepositions. These may function anaphorically (e.g., \u03c4\u1f70 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1, \u03c4\u1f70 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1), define the time frame (\u03c4\u1f78 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1fbd \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd), or report the quality and substance of the object (e.g., \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c3\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1f78\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd). The object of the payment is qualified by another set of adjectives, used predicatively, to denote the quality of the commodity upon delivery. Best attested are the adjectives used to describe grain: \u1f04\u03b2\u03c9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 and \u1f04\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 (\u2018not mixed with clods of earth\u2019), \u1f04\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 (\u2018unadulterated, genuine\u2019), \u1f04\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 (\u2018not mixed with barley\u2019), \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u1f79\u03c2 (\u2018clean\u2019 sometimes with \u1f00\u03c0\u1f79 + gen.), \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u1f79\u03c2 (\u2018good, of fine quality\u2019), \u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 (\u2018cleaned\u2019), \u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 (\u2018sifted\u2019) [Note, in particular, the formulation \u1f04\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f61\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bdo\u03c2 (\u2018measured\u2019, with an account of the \u03bc\u1f73\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd in the dative), and \u03bd\u03ad\u03bf\u03c2 (\u2018new, fresh\u2019). \u1f0c\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u1f79\u03c2, and \u03bd\u03ad\u03bf\u03c2 are also used for oil, to which \u1f00\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 (\u2018acceptable, approved\u2019) and \u1f51\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b9\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 (\u2018strained or filtered\u2019) are added. In the case of wine, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 and the noun \u03b3\u03bb\u03b5\u1fe6\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2. Finally, in the case of cash payment, the commodity is qualified by \u1f00\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u1f79\u03c2, \u1f04\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b4\u03cc\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 (\u2018approved\u2019), and \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 (\u2018current\u2019). [Schnebel (1925): 180-182, 285; Mayerson (2005): 60<\/span>].<\/p>\n

In most cases, the document records payment in grain<\/strong>. Here, the clause frequently registers the act of measurement. Four formulations are attested: in the Ptolemaic period, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c3\u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03b1\u03b9 (\u2018with just measurement and rule\u2019, commonly in the abridged form \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03b1\u03b9; and in the Roman: \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, with the person who undertakes the act introduced by \u03b4\u03b9\u1f71 or \u1f51\u03c0\u1f79 (cf., e.g., P.Fam.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> 44.9: 189 CE, Kerkesoucha Orous). Alternatively, the participle form \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd may appear, with the unit of measure in the dative. (e.g., P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> XVIII 2188.8-9 (107 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u0323[\u03bd]\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u1ff3 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u1ff3 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff7 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03a3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03af\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u2018measured by the quarter measure used for payments to Sarapion.\u2019). The \u03bc\u1f73\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd-formulation may also be introduced independently of said structure. It seems to be a regular component of lease contracts of the Ptolemaic, Roman, and Byzantine periods, recorded in 331 documents. The list of measures recorded in the present clause currently contains 108 combinations used to designate measurement, varying by time and place. Their key elements are (a) the capacity of the \u03bc\u1f73\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd, e.g., -\u03c7\u03bf\u1f77\u03bd\u03b9\u03bao\u03c2; (b) the name of the unit or the brand, e.g., \u1f08\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u1fd6o\u03c2, \u03b4\u03c1\u1f79\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b4\u1f77\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2: see especially BGU III 920.21-22 (212 CE, Philadelphia): \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u1ff3 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u0323\u03c5\u0323|22<\/sup>\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u1ff3 \u03c4\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03b9[\u03cc]\u03b4\u1ff3; (c) the owner and person or institution in charge of the \u03bc\u1f73\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd, either as an adjective: \u03b3\u03b5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff7, \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u1ff3, or in the genitive (\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6); and (d) key uses of the \u03bc\u1f73\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd (\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff7, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff7). On the use of different systems in the same context see, e.g., SB X 10263.24-26 (204 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u03bc\u0323\u03ad\u0323[\u03c4\u03c1\u1ff3] | 25<\/sup> \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4[\u03c1]\u03b1\u03c7\u03bf[\u03b9]\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u1ff3 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u0398\u0323\u03b7\u0323\u03c3\u03b1\u03c5\u0323\u03c1[\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f22] | 26<\/sup> \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c0\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03c1\u03b1\u03bb\u0323\u03b7\u0323(\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff7) \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9[\u03bd] and Herrmann (1958): 103-104; Hennig (1967): 13-21<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Unlike loan contracts, which regulate a nonrecurrent payment, lease contracts, especially those dealing with long-term leases (longer than one year) frequently provide for repeated payment<\/strong> and arrange it by year: in one, two, three or four annual installments. The \u2018annuality principle\u2019 finds expression in the combinations \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1fbd \u1f14\u03c4o\u03c2, and \u1f15\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, which is always used in the genitive: P.Oxy. VIII 1128.20-21 (173 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6; P.Stras. VI 557.18 (291 CE, Hermopolis): \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u2026 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u1f76v \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2; P.Berl.Frisk. 5.11 (510 CE, Hermopolis): \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03b4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2; BGU XII 2202.16 (491 CE, Hermopolis): \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u03bb\u1fc6\u03be\u03b9\u03bd \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. The scribe may also specify shorter, monthly, intervals, as in the case of \u03b4\u03b9\u1fbd \u1f11\u03be\u03b1\u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5, sometimes adding \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b1\u1f31\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd \u1f10\u03be \u1f34\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 (SB XVI 13005.18-19: 144 CE, Arsinoites) or \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f25\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c5 (PSI VIII 963.21-23: 579 CE, Oxyrhynchos). The terms for an installment are \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u1f71, \u03b4\u1f79\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2, or \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u03b1; cf., e.g., SB XVI 13005.16-19 (144 CE, Arsinoites): \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc|17<\/sup>\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 | 18<\/sup> \u1f10\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u1f76 \u03b4\u03b9\u02bc \u1f11\u03be\u03b1\u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03bf(\u03c5) | 19<\/sup> \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b1\u1f31\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd \u1f10\u03be \u1f34\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 (\u2018and I shall perform the payment every year, in two installments, every sixth months in equal shares\u2019). As for the date, the scribe here, differently from loan contracts, rarely indicates the exact day of payment; the month suffices and different formulations are attested. In the case of Pauni<\/em>, for example, \u1f10\u03bd \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f76 \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b9 is most common, particularly prevalent in the Ptolemaic period (60); the same construction without article (\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f76 \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b9) follows suit (52), as does the reverse order with article (\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f77) (33), \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f77 (7) and \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f76 \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b9 (5) are relatively rare. \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f77 with no proposition is almost entirely unattested (1). Alternatively, rather than specifying the date, payment is set contingent upon certain routine events: the harvest, festivities, or the collection of taxes. Examples are \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03b4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2; \u1f05\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u1ff7 (e.g., P.Ryl. II 172.17: 208 CE, Arsinoites); \u1f10\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 (l<\/em>. \u1f00\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2) \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc(\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd) (e.g., P.Oxy. VIII 1126.14); \u1f45\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u1f41 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c3\u1fd6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c3\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u1fc6\u03c4\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ce\u03bc[\u03b7\u03c2] \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u1f78\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b4\u0323\u03b5\u0323\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 | 9<\/sup> \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 (e.g., BGU XIV 2383.8-9: 215\/4 BCE, Tholthis). Payment may also follow the lessor\u2019s request.<\/p>\n

The clause sometimes indicates the place of payment. In the case of grain, one commonly encounters the threshing floor: \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f05\u03bb\u03c9 (4, Ptolemaic); \u1f10\u03c6\u1fbd \u1f05\u03bb\u03c9 (73, Roman); \u1f10\u03c6\u1fbd \u1f05\u03bb\u03c9\u03c2 (1), \u1f10\u03c6\u1fbd \u1f05\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd (2), \u1f10\u03c6\u1fbd\u1f01\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd (16), \u1f10\u03c6\u1fbd \u1f01\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u1ff3 (1), \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f01\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u1fb3 (3), \u1f10\u03bd \u1f04\u03ba\u03c1\u1ff3 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f01\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, sometimes with the name of the village in the genitive. \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u1f76 (village name) \u1f05\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd is also evidenced (3). Granaries are commonly attested, especially if they are \u2018royal\u2019 or \u2018public\u2019: \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 (8) \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u1f79\u03bd (8), \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u1f78\u03bd \u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u1f79\u03bd (1), \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f51\u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u1f79\u03bd (2), \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u1f78\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f01\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (2); \u1f10\u03bd + village + \u1f10\u03bd \u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u1ff7 (2 cases: \u1f10\u03bd \u0398\u03b5\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd \u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u1ff7). Cash payments may be reported as made through a bank \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u1f19\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd; \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd, but only rarely (2 cases). Occasionally, facility in which the rent should be placed is not specified and is left to the lessor\u2019s future discretion; only the locality is set in advance. Well attested in the Ptolemaic period is the formulation \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 + locality + \u03bf\u1f57 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u1fc3 or \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c3\u1fc3 + \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u1f30\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd. E.g., SB XVI 13017.19-21 (24 BCE,<\/span> Soknopaiou Nesos): [\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd]\u03c4\u0323[\u03b5\u03c2] \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03b3\u03b4\u03c9\u03bb\u03af\u0323\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u1f30\u03b4\u03af\u0323\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2\u0323 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u0323\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03bf\u1f57 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd | 20<\/sup> [\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u1fc3 \u1f41] \u1f08\u0323\u03c7\u0323\u03b9\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u1f78\u03bd \u03ba\u03c4\u03bb. (\u2018Delivering to Dimadgolia at their own expenses wherever Achilleus orders, wheat etc.\u2019) (12 cases). An early Roman variant of the same clause is P.Amh. II 85.13-14 (78 CE, Hermopolis): \u03bf\u1f37\u03c2 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd | 14<\/sup> \u03c3\u1f7a \u1f41 \u1f10\u03be\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u1f74\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4[\u03b5\u03af]\u03bb\u1fc3\u03c2. A Second Ptolemaic variant, \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03b4\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2, appears in 10 cases including one with indication of the locality (\u1f10\u03bd + dat.). A Roman and Byzantine counterpart is the \u03bf\u1f36\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 formulation: \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 + locality + \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f36\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c3\u03ad \/ \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 (4, early Roman, Hermopolite); \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03bf\u1f36\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03bd + locality (9, Byzantine, Hermopolite). Finally, the town, village, or estate of delivery may be recorded without any further detail; see, in particular, the phrasings \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 – – \u03ba\u03ce\u03bc\u1fc3 (11), \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 (1), and \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9 (3, Byzantine).<\/p>\n

Occasionally, when the scribe reports in detail the lessee\u2019s duty to deliver the rent to a specified place, he also obligates the lessee to pay for the shipment.<\/strong> The \u2018expenses-formula\u2019 is primarily well attested in the Ptolemaic and the Byzantine period. The dative is used in both periods, the singular in the Ptolemaic and the plural in the Byzantine. The prevailing term is \u1f00\u03bd\u1f71\u03bb\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1. In both periods, the lessee has to pay for the shipment in person: \u1f30\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03b9 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9 (Ptol.) (9 attestations), \u1f30\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9 (Byz.). In the Byzantine documentation, the lessee is also explicitly required to provide the animals and the manpower: see, most extensively, \u1f30\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b6\u1ff4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9 (23 cases).<\/p>\n

Eleven documents, all Roman, anticipate the delivery of the rent at a public granary. The lessee, having received a receipt (\u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1) from the sitologoi<\/em> at the time of the first annual measurement, should hand it over (\u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9) to the lessor. (so, Hagedorn<\/span> (1997): 197-198). If this explanation is correct, the addition \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u1f78\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd (\u2018clear from all liabilities\u2019) would imply that the receipt should record only payments made on account of the rent, not for any other causes. P.Oxy. XXXVI 2795.21-25 (250 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u03bf\u1f57 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1|22<\/sup>\u03c1\u1f78\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9 | 23<\/sup> \u1f51\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u1ff6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 | 24<\/sup> \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad|25<\/sup>\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 (\u2026\u2018and he shall hand over a receipt, free from all other (liabilities?) at the time of the first annual measurement without delay\u2019).<\/p>\n

The \u2018\u1f00\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd formula\u2019 is commonly manifested in lease contracts to record the leasing of land. It occurs in 189 documents, primarily from the Ptolemaic and Roman periods, somewhat losing ground in the third century. The wording, however, usually appears not in the clause recording the delivery of the rent but in that stating its rate (the rent clause<\/a>). Its \u2018migration\u2019 to the delivery clause is recorded in all periods [e.g., Stud.Pal. XX 22.12-14 (216 CE, Herakleopolites): \u1f03\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\\\u03c9\/ \u1f51\u03bc[\u1fd6\u03bd] | 13<\/sup> \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f76 \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe7\u03bd\u03b9 [\u1f10]\u03c6\u02bc\u1f05\u03bb\u03c9\u03c2 (l<\/em>. \u1f05\u03bb\u03c9) \u03c0\u03c1[\u03ce\u03c4]\u1ff3 \u03ba\u03b1[\u03b9]\u03c1\u0323\u1ff7\u0323 | 14<\/sup> \u1f00\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2].<\/p>\n

Another typical element in loans is the no-excuse formulation. In leases, too, the tenant is required, from the third century CE onward, to deliver the rent \u2018without delay\u2019 (\u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2); other terms of similar effect: \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 and \u1f00\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7, are attested as well. Except for \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2, however, all seem very rarely attested and the array of terms denoting various forms of delay, sophistries, and legal measures to avoid payment is never integrated into the scheme of the lease contract as it does in the case of loans. The same is the case with the adverbs \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd and \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2; while already attested in the early Roman period, they are primarily inserted into the clause that regulates the duties of the lessee. Although gradually integrated into the scheme of the delivery clause in the third century, they are never indispensable.<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Waszy\u0144ski (1905): 104-115; Herrmann (1958): 98-111, Weber (1932): 102-135; Kastner (1962): 34-36, 210-211; Hennig (1967): 11-28; M\u00fcller (1985): 257-268.<\/span><\/p>\n

akind.:<\/strong> akindynon;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 av.:<\/strong> additional verb;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0fixd.:<\/strong> fixed date;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0install.:<\/strong> installment;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 loc.:<\/strong> location;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 metr.:<\/strong> metron;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 nd.:<\/strong> no delay etc.;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 nedf.:<\/strong> no excuse, delay, fraud;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0pl.<\/strong>: place;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0rc.:<\/strong> relative clause;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 surety:<\/strong> \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03ae\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u1f14\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd<\/p>\n

BGU I<\/strong> 253.15-19 (244-248 , PtolEu) [ind.fut., monthly]; 303.18-21 (586, ArsPol) [fixd., install.]; II<\/strong> 364.15-16 (553, ArsPol) [rc., \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u1ff6]; 393.11-12 (167, Dionysias) [rc., ind.fut., install.]; 538.18-19 (100, Nilopolis) [\u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd, fixd., loc.]; 603.22-24 (168, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 606.13-14 (306, PtolEu) [ind.fut., monthly]; 633.15-17 (221, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 644.25-27 (69, SokN) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., akind.]; 661.17-18 (140, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd.]; III<\/strong> 916.17-23 (69-79, Herakleides Meris) [rc., \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd, monthly and install.]; 918.18-21 (110\/1, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd., loc.]; 920.17-22 (212, Phil) [rc., \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9, annually, loc.]; 938.10 (385?, Herak) [rc., ind.fut.]; 940.17-22 (398, Herak) [fixd., anhyp.]; IV<\/strong> 1018.16-21 (III, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr.]; 1092.19-24 (372, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., av. \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, oc., loc.]; 1116.9-11 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., av: \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, monthly, anhyp.]; 1121.46-47 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [av: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd, loc.]; VI<\/strong> 1262.8-13 (216\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., ship., av: \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9, metr., loc.]; 1263.16-21 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor., qual., metr., ship.]; 1264.17-21 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 1266.17-26 (203A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [imp.aor., akind., fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 1267.2-17 (before 266\/5 or 228\/7A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [imp.aor., qual., metr., ship.: av.: \u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd, \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9, metr., loc.]; 1268.13-17 (IIIsA, UP) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., ship.; AV: \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9, metr.]; 1271.2-9 (180A-145A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil or Thead) [imp.aor., loc., fixd., ed: [\u03ba]\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1[ \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323];]; VII<\/strong> 1644.19-22 (294?, Phil) [ind.fut., loc., metr.]; X<\/strong> 1943.9-14 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., ship.: AV: \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd, metr.]; 1944.2-5 (214\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., ship.: AV: \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9, metr.]; 1946.8-13 (213\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., loc., ship.]; 1951.3-5 (221A<\/sup><\/span>-205A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [imp.aor., fixd., metr., ship.]; 1952.1 (221A<\/sup><\/span>-205A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [ship.]; 1953.1-3 (221A<\/sup><\/span>\/205A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [ship.]; 1955.1-2 (221A<\/sup><\/span>-205A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [ship.]; XI<\/strong> 2033.21-25 (before 94, Herakleia) [ind.fut., fixd., ship.]; 2034.12-14 (II\/III, PtolEu) [ind.fut., fixd., \u1f00\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2]; 2123.20-24 (85, ArsN) [ind.fut., qual.]; 2124.3-7 (138-161 or 169-176, ArsN) [ind.fut., loc., metr.]; 2125.8-14 (II\/III, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., av: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., qual., metr., loc., anhyp.]; XII<\/strong> 2133.13-14 (IIIl, Herm) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9?]; 2139.13-14 (432, Herm) [rc., ind.fut.]; 2148.12-16 (375, Herm) [rc., qual., ind.fut., av: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., metr., loc., anhyp.]; 2157.10-12 (485, Herm) [rc., qual., metr., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 2159.13-15 (485, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 2162.16-17 (491, Herm) [rc.]; 2172.15-17 (498?, Herm) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, qual., metr., anhyp., ship.]; 2182.12-13 (510, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 2186.8-10 (514 ?, Herm) [rc., qual., metr., ind.fut., av.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp.]; 2202.15-17 (c. 565, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 2204.22-24 (574, Herm) [rc., anhyp.]; XIII<\/strong> 2340.16-23 (IIIe, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., anhyp.]; 2341.8-10 (II, Kar) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., loc.]; XIV<\/strong> 2383.7-13 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor., oc., qual., metr., ship.]; 2384.5-8 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor., fixd., metr., ship.]; 2387.1-8 (IIIA<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [fixd., qual., ship.]; 2389.6-9 (scr.int) (72a HerakN); 2390.31-33 (160\/59A<\/sup><\/span>, HerakN) [imp.aor., qual., ship.]; XV 2485.9 (209, ArsN); XVII<\/strong> 2675.15-17 (481, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 2684.15-16 (555, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 2685.20-24 (585, Herm) [rc., qual., metr., ship.]; XIX<\/strong> 2801.11-17 l. 15 (Im, HermN) [rc.]; 2804.9-10 (488 ?, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 2807.17-20 (508 ?, Herm) [rc., qual., metr., ind.fut., av: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd.]; 2808.16-18 (528, Herm) [rc., qual., metr., ind.fut., av: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, anhyp., ship.]; 2810.14-18 (559\/60, Herm) [rc., ed.: \u1f41\u0323\u03bc\u0323\u03bf[\u03bb]\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, two installments, fixd., anhyp.]; 2812.4-7 (VI, Herm) [rc., metr., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp., ship.]; 2813.2 (V\/VI, Herm) [ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 2814.11-14 (VI\/VII, Herm) [rc., qual., ind.fut., metr., ship., anhyp.]; 2816.13-15 (Vs, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., qual., ship., anhyp.]; 2817.14 (500, Herm) [anhyp.]; 2819.12-13 (442?, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 2820.12-13 (Vs, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 2822.23-25 (526\/7?, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 2823.17-18 (568\/9?, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 2824.1 (VI\/VII, Herm) [anhyp.]; XX<\/strong> 2869.23-29 (57\/8, ArsN?) [\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1, fixd.]; CPR I<\/strong> 31.26-32 (153, ArsN) [ind.fut.]; 32.14-17 (218, SokN) [rc., periph., ind.fut.]; 36.12-18 (225 Peenamis) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 40.22-26 (300, Herak) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 44.4-6 (IV, HerakN\/ArsN) [epan.]; 47.8-9 (II\/III HerakN\/ArsN) [ed.: \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03af\u03bd[\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2;]; 240.19-20 (126, SokN) [fixd., akind.]; 246.19-23 (162, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., fixd.]; 247.14-15 (335, Herak) [prepay: rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd]; V<\/strong> 8.22-25 (320, HermN) [ind.fut., \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, anhyp., loc.]; 16.12-13 (486, HermN) [rc., metr., ind.fut.]; VII<\/strong> 31.24-44, ll. 35-36 (196\/7, Herm) [ed.: \u1f10\u0323\u03bc\u0323\u03ad\u0323\u03c4\u0323\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd;]; 43.22-23 (513, Herm) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., ship.]; VIII<\/strong> 9.14-15 (159, ArsN) [rc., periph., ind.fut., fixd.]; 46.8-11 (IV, HermN) [rc., anhyp., loc.]; 62.31-33 (575, Herakleopolis) [rc., ind.fut., fixd]; IX<\/strong> 2.1 (V\/VI, HermN) [oc., anhyp.]; 7.4-8 (VI, HermN) [rc., qual., metr., \u1f00\u03c0[\u03bf]\u03b4\u0323\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp., ship.]; 8.5-7 (VI, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 26.12-14 (545\/6, HermN) [rc., qual., loc., anhyp., ship.]; 28.3-4 (V\/VI, HermN) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, anhyp.]; 30.6-10 (VIIe, HermN) [rc., metr., ind.fut., ship.]; 33.20-21 (566, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; X<\/strong> 27.9-10 (533, ArsPol); XIV<\/strong> 12.20-21 (450 Herak) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; XVIIa<\/strong> 2.11-12 (313, Herm) [ind.fut., allel.]; 4.9-13 (314, Herm) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp., qual., metr.]; 11.12-13, 18? (320, Herm) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u0323\u03bc\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03b9\u0323, initc., loc.]; XVIII<\/strong> 2.33-36 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [ind.fut., fixd., oc., ship.]; 3.52-55 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [imp.aor., fixd., ship.]; 7.132-136 (231A\/207A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [imp.aor., fixd., \u03ba\u03ad\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03bc\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03bd\u0323 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2]; 15.315-318 (231A\/206A, Theog) [imp.aor., fixd., ship.]; 19.397-400 (231A\/206A, Theog) [imp.aor., fixd., ship.]; 32.2-5 (232\/1A, or 207\/6A, Theog) [imp.aor., fixd., ship.]; 33.13-16 (232\/1A or 207\/6A, Theog) [imp.aor., fixd., ship.]; XIX<\/strong> 46.8-10 (V\/VI Ophis) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; O.Bodl. I 257v (IIA, Thebes)?; O.Deiss.<\/strong> 59.7-8 (70, UP) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9]; P.Aberd.<\/strong> 57.20-22 (II, SokN) [rc., periph., ind.fut., fixd.]; 183.4-6 (III, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd., metr.]; P.Alex.Giss.<\/strong> 5.13-16 (215, ArsN) [ind.fut., three installments, koupha?]; P.Amh. II<\/strong> 85.12-14 (78, Herm) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., \u03bf\u1f37\u03c2 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03c3\u1f7a \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u1fc3\u03c2]; 86.11-13 (78, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., \u03bf\u1f37\u03c2 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03c3\u1f7a \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u1fc3\u03c2]; 90.16-17 (159, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd., loc.]; 91.19-21 (159 , PtolEu\/Euh) [ind.fut., fixd., qual., loc.]; 93.14-15 (181, SokN) ?; P.Amst. I<\/strong> 41.45-83 ll. 18-22 (10a , PtolEu) [\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9]; 42.6-16 (III\/IV, Mermertha) [rc., imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr., metresis, anhyp.]; P.Athen.<\/strong> 14.22-25 (22, Phil) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual. metr.]; 19.12-14 (153, ArsN) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7]; P.Bad. IV<\/strong> 91.2.27-28 (471, Herm?) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; VI<\/strong> 170.23-25 (54, Theadelphia) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, to the sitologos]; P.Bas. II<\/strong> 53.16-17 (VIm, Herm) [rc., fut. ind. av.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., ship.]; P.Batav.<\/strong> 16.12-14 (346\/7, OxN) [epan., ind.fut., fixd.]; P.Benaki<\/strong> 2.21-22 (IVs, Kaine) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Berl.Frisk<\/strong> 5.10-12 (510, Herm) [rc., qual., metr., [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9] \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., oc., anhyp.]; P.Berl.Leihg. I<\/strong> 19.27-32 (221\/2 or 225\/6, Kerkesephis) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., metresis]; 20.17-33 (149, OxN) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; P.Berl.M\u00f6ller<\/strong> 3.20-21 (540, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; P.Berl.Zill.<\/strong> 5.17 (417, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; P.Bodl. I<\/strong> 34.18-21 (158\/9, ArsN) [rc., \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u1f74\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9, anhyp.]; 60.15-17 (553, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Bour.<\/strong> 17.10-11 (220 Herakleia) [ind.fut., fixd., loc.]; P.Cair.Isid.<\/strong> 99.19-21 (297, Kar) [ind.fut., fixd., metr.]; 100.13-15 (297, Kar) [ind.fut., fixd., metr.]; 101.8-9 (300, ArsN) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., metr.]; P.Cair.Masp. I<\/strong> 67104.13-17 (530, Aphr) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9, \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c6\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2]; III<\/strong> 67302.15 (555, Antin) [rc., ind.fut., annually, anhyp.]; 67303.18-19 (553, Aphr) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u1f70\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9 \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f51\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03c2; kind.]; P.Cair.Preis.<\/strong> 41.18-20 (IVf, HermN) [qual., metr., ship.]; P.Cair.Zen. III<\/strong> 59340.6-7, 28-29 (247A, Phil) [imp.aor., twice a year]; P.Charite<\/strong> 3.12-15 (late 317, Herm) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd. (2 installments), qual.]; 7.14-18 (347, Herm) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp., qual., metr., loc.]; P.Col. III<\/strong> 54.12-16 (250A, ArsN) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd, loc., \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c3\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u1f78\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1, fixd.]; VIII<\/strong> 232.20 (III, Ox) [fixd.]; X 273r.14-16 (204, Ox) [fixd.]; 280.13-15 (269\/70 or 276\/7, Ox?) [imp.aor., qual., loc., metr., kenomata]; P.Coll.Youtie I<\/strong> 27.26-28 (165, Teb) [imp.aor., annually, fixd., loc., quant., metresis]; II<\/strong> 68.27-33 (266, Ox) [ind.fut., install.]; 70.22-23 (272\/3 or 278\/9, Ox) [ind.fut., fixd., loc.]; 80.20-23 (315, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Corn.<\/strong> 10.23-27 (119, Phil) [ind.fut.]; P.Daris<\/strong> 25.4-9 (IIl\/IIIe, UP) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9, annually, fixd., anhyp.]; 29.13-16 (IVm, OxN) [fixd.]; P.Diog.<\/strong> 26.1-2 (159, Phil) [annually, fixd., metr.]; 29.20-21 (225, Phil) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, loc.]; P.Erl.<\/strong> 72.2-4 (IV, OxN) [imp.aor., twice a year]; P.Fam.Tebt.<\/strong> 5.10-13 (98, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., fixd.]; 28.16-18 (133, ArsN) [fixd., qual.]; 44.7-9 (189 Kerkesoucha Orous) [ind.fut., loc., metr., metresis]; 45.3-8 (190 Kerkesoucha Orous) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr., metresis]; 47.16-21 (195, PtolEu) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr., qual., metresis]; P.Fay.<\/strong> 36.18-20 (111\/2, Thead) [rc., periph., monthly]; 93.15-17 (161, PtolEu) [rc., \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u1f74\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9, monthly]; 95.20-26 (II, Thead) [ind.fut., fixd., metr.]; 307. 7-9 (132 , Philoteris) [metr.]; P.Flor. I<\/strong> 13.15-16 (VI\/VII, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 16.30-32 (239, Euh) [ind.fut., twice a year]; 19.9-11 (248, PtolEu) [loc., metr., fixd.]; 37.5-7 (IV-VII, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., allel., fixd., kind.]; 41.13-21 (140, HermN) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, annually, fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 74.15-18 (181, Ibion Sesymbotheos) [nd: \u1f10\u03c0\u02bc \u1f10\u03ba\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f11\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2]; 85.10-14 (91, HermN) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 103.14-15 (330\/1 or 344\/5, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., annually, anhyp.]; 299.3-6 (VI, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., annually, anhyp.]; 353.3-4 (83-95, HermN) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u2039\u03b5\u203a\u03b9\u03c2, fixd.]; 354.9-10 (I\/II, HermN) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd]; 356.16-18 (I\/II, Selilais, HermN) [ship., \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9]; 361.8-11 (85\/6, HermN) [ind.fut., annually]; 369.17-18 (139\/49, Herm) [special: \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, annually]; 383.1.17-21 (234\/5, Antin); 384.43-50 (489, Herm) [rc., \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c4\u03b5, allel., fixd.] ; P.Fouad I<\/strong> 43.39-51 (189\/90 , Phob\u03bfou) [imp.aor., loc., qual., AV: \u03b5\u0323\u1f30\u0323\u03c3\u0323\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9, loc., metr., metresis]; P.Frankf.<\/strong> 1.15-27 (213A, Tholt) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 2.19-23 (215\/4A, Tholt) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; P.Freib. III<\/strong> 12a.7-8 (IIfA, UP) [qual.]; 23.14 (178A, Phil) [ship.]; 34.16-19 (173A, Phil) [imp.aor.]; 35.12-13 (177\/6A, Phil) [ship.]; P.Gascou 40.18-25 (556, HermN) [rc., qual., metr. , annally, fixd., anhyp.]; P.Gen. I<\/strong> 10.15-16 (316, Phebichis) [GA: \u03c4\u03bf]\u1fe6\u0323 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5, annually, \u1f00\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2]; 34.6-8 (156, Phil) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, annually, fixd., \u1f00\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u1ff6\u03c2]; 78.19-22 (II\/III, PtolEu) [ind.fut., fixd., metr.]; P.Genov. I<\/strong> 22.18-20 (345, Ox) [epan., imp.aor., twice a year]; 32.17-18 (155, Antin) [rc., periph., imp.aor., end of the contract]; V<\/strong> 190.8-12? (138-160, UP) [ind.fut., fixd., ship.]; P.Giss. I<\/strong> 49.20-25 (IIIm, Ox) [imp.aor., twice a year and monthly]; P.Grenf. I<\/strong> 57.13-14 (561, Herm) [rc., qual., metr., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., ship.?]; II<\/strong> 57.14-19 (168, Phil) [rc., periph., fixd., metr.]; P.Hamb. I<\/strong> 5.20-25 (89, Phil) [ind.fut., fixd.: two installment]; 23.29-35 (569, Antin); 64.19-21 (103, Euh) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr.]; 68.42-44 (549\/50 or 564\/5, Aphr) [periph., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u1f71, \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03c2]; IV<\/strong> 239.2-7, 7-9 (IIImA, Tholt?) [metr., ship., av: \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9]; 269.10-11 (IIIl, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr.]; P.Harr. I<\/strong> 80.31-35 (249, OxN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; 81.2-3, 6 (VI, UP) [rc., epan., ind.fut., oc.]; P.Haun. III<\/strong> 55.13-14 (325 Dinnis) [ind.fut., metr.]; P.Heid. V<\/strong> 353.10- (VI, AntaiN) [periph.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u1f71, within (\u1f15\u03c9\u03c2)]; 354.6-7 (VI, UP) [rc., ind.fut., annually, \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, ship.]; P.Herm.<\/strong> 22.15-18 (394, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., qual., metr., anhyp.]; 27.7-9 (V, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9, metr.? \u03b3\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u1ff3, anhyp.]; 34.26-31 (VII, Herm) [rc., qual., ind.fut., fixd., annually, anhyp., ship.]; 57.4-8 (IV, UP) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp., qual., metr., loc.]; 60.2-7 (449\/50, UP) [epan., no excuse]; P.Hib. I<\/strong> 90.9-13 (222a Tholt) [ind.fut., qual., metr., ship.]; II<\/strong> 263 passim (225A, UP) [imp.aor., fixd., qual.]; P.Horak<\/strong> 8.9-12 (VI, HermN) [rc., qual., metr., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03c9\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, metr., fixd., anhyp., ship.]; 9.1-6 (VI, HermN) [fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 10.21-25 (555, HermN) [rc., qual., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, metr., ship., anhyp.]; P.Iand. III<\/strong> 26.18-23 (98, ArsN) [ind.fut.\/imp.aor.?, install., within (\u1f15\u03c9\u03c2)]; 28.18-19 (104, Thead) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd]; P.Ifao I<\/strong> 1.17-21 (27, Teb) [imp.aor., annually, fixd., ship., metr.]; P.Jena<\/strong> 2.10-16 (477, Herm); P.Kell.<\/strong> I 32.12-14 (364, Kellis) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9]; P.K\u00f6ln II<\/strong> 104.b.6-7, 8-11 (VI, Aphr) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u1f70\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9, loc.]; III<\/strong> 145.11-14 (IA, OxN) [fixd.]; 149.24-37 (after 212, OxN) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 150.10-12 (226\/242, OxN) [imp.aor., annually, two installments]; VI<\/strong> 275.7-10 (104\/3A or 101\/0A, ArsN) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; XIV<\/strong> 589.2 (VI, Antin) [fixd.]; P.Kramer<\/strong> 15.11-12 (629?, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; P.Kron.<\/strong> 34.29-31 (135, Teb) [ind.fut., fixd., qual., annually, fixd., av.: \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9: annually]; 41.27, 30-32 (140, Teb) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., metr., annually, anhyp.]; 46.17-19 (153, Teb) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., \u1f00\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u1f77]; P.Laur. I<\/strong> 7.1-3 (VI, HermN) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., qual., metr., annually, anhyp., ship.]; III<\/strong> 72.16 (118-138 , PtolEu) [two installments]; IV<\/strong> 165.11-14 (305, Ox) [loc.., qual., metr.]; P.Lips. I<\/strong> 16.15-16 (138, Teb) [rc., ind.fut., annually]; 17.20-21 (377, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., annually]; 18.15-20 (308, Herm) [fut.ind: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, fixd., loc., metr., exp.]; 19.18-24 (320, Herm) [ind.fut., av: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, allel., qual., metr., loc.]; 20.13-17 (381, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp., qual., metr., loc.]; 21.18-21 (382, Herm) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., annually, anhyp., qual.]; P.Lond. II<\/strong> 216.24-26 (94, SokN) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 314.16-18 (149, SokN) [ind.fut., loc.]; 483.52-58 (615\/6, ApolHept) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u1f00\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c0\u1ff6\u03c2]; III<\/strong> 906.12-14 (128, Euh) [rc., periph.: \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u1f75, ind.fut., monthly]; 938.4-11 (225, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., av: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., qual., ship., metr.]; 954.15-18 (260, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., annually, anhyper., \u1f00\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2]; 979.14-18 (346, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., av: \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp., metr.]; 1006.16-18 (555, Nagogis) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; 1012.38-45 (633, Herm) [rc., qual., metr., ind.fut., ship., av: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9]; 1017.5-7 (VI, Herm) [rc., anhyp.]; 1023.26-27 (V, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 1030.2 (c. 527, Herm) [rc., ind.fut.*]; 1036.4-7 (VI\/VII, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., annually, anhyp.]; 1050.6-8 (VIl\/V, Herm) [\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u1f71\u03bd (ship.)]; 1164h.12-15 (212, Antin) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9]; 1223.12-15 (121, Herm) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., allel., loc., \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b4\u1fc6\u03c2]; 1225.10-18 (70\/1, HermN) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., qual.]; 1227.11-12 (152, Herm) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03c9, \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7]; V<\/strong> 1695.15-18 (530\/1?, Aphr) [ed.: \u1f10\u03bd \u1f04\u03bd\u03c9\u0323 \u03b4\u0323[\u03cc]\u03c3\u0323\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bb\u0323[\u1f76]\u03c8\u0323 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, metr., qual.]; 1696.a.17-22 (VI, Aphr) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, metr.,]; 1715.12-13 (VI, Antin) [rc., monthly., anhyp., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9]; 1765.12-14? (554, Herm) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd.,]; 1768.13-16 (VI, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 1770.12-17 (547\/562, HermN) [rc., qual., metr., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, ship.]; 1771.4-8 (VI, HermN) [rc., qual., ind.fut., av: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, metr., oc., ship.]; P.Louvre II<\/strong> 113.b.1-3 (159, ArsN) [fixd.]; P.Mert. I<\/strong> 10.18-19 (21, Phil) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual.]; 17.33-35 (158, Oasitou Epoikion) [imp.aor., fixd.]; II<\/strong> 68.26-27 (136 Kerkeosiris) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual.]; 76.16-18 (181, Ox) [imp.aor., monthly, anhyp.]; III<\/strong> 107.19-22 (II, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd., loc.]; 123.1-3 (151, ArsN) [ind.fut.\/imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metresis]; P.Mich. III<\/strong> 184.15-17 (121 Bac) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual.]; 185.19-22 (122, Bac) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual.]; 312.24-27 (34, Talei) [imp.aor., within., monthly, loc.]; 315.28-31 (39-41 or 43-45, ArsN) [annually, fixd., loc.]; IX<\/strong> 561.18-20 (102, Kar) [rc., ind.fut., oc. (\u1f05\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u1ff7), fixd.]; 564.14-15 (150, Kar) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9]; 565.15-16 (215\/6, Kar) [rc., anhyp.]; X<\/strong> 586.10-15 (c. 30, Teb) [\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u1f71\u03bd]; XI<\/strong> 610.32-36 (282, Ox) [epan., anhyp.]; 611.18-21 (412, Ox) [epan., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, metr., \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, anhyp.]; XII<\/strong> 630.15-17 (38, Teb) [rc., \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, fixd.]; 631.9-12 (185, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., two installments]; 633.22-24 (c. 30, Teb) [imp.aor., fixd., ship]; 634.17-21 (25\/6, Teb) [rc., imp.aor., fixd., qual.]; XIII<\/strong> 666.26-28 (615\/631\/646, Aphr) [\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, loc., oc.]; XIV<\/strong> 678.6-8 (98, UP) [rc., ind.fut., two installments]; XVIII<\/strong> 788.27 (173, Ox) [imp.aor. (restored)]; 791.16-17 (212\/3, Phil) [ind.fut., loc.]; P.Michael.<\/strong> 13.9-13, 14-15, 16-17, 19 (159\/160, HermN) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9]; 22.20-23 (291, Teb) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, metr.]; 34.7 (VI, UP) [kind., ind.fut., allel.]; 43.14-15 (526, Aphr) [inf.aor., oc.]; P.Mil. I<\/strong> 55.14-16 (307, Ox) [epan., imp.aor., annually, twice a year]; P.Mil.Vogl. II<\/strong> 53.14-15 (152\/3, Teb) [periph., ind.fut., twice a year]; 63.28-33 (170, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual., metresis]; 67.5-7 (165, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual., metresis]; 104.24-25 (127, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual.]; 106.25-27 (before 134, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual., metresis]; 107.9-11 (153\/4, Teb) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual, akind.]; III<\/strong> 130.32-34 (165, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual., metresis]; 131.1-5 (165, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual. metr., metresis]; 132.29-32 (165, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual., metresis]; 133.33-37 (165, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual., metresis]; 137.31-34 (165\/6, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., metr.]; 138.23-25 (169, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., qual., metresis]; 139.23-28 (169, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual., metresis]; 140.28-33 (176, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual., metresis]; 144.15-18 (166, Teb) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; 145.17-18 (142, Teb) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9*, annually, two installments]; 187.7-9 (II, Teb) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, annually, fixd., loc.]; IV<\/strong> 220.22-24 (132\/3, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc.]; 238.25-27 (143\/4, Teb) [ind.fut., fixd., qual., metresis]; 240.19-21 (118-138, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd.]; 241.10-12 (II, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual.]; VI<\/strong> 267.19-20 (125\/6, Teb) [rc., ind.fut., loc., \u1f00\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u1f77, anhyp.]; 269.22-24 (124, Teb) [ind.fut., fixd., metr.]; 270.3-6 (129, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual.]; 271.6-8 (141, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual.]; 273.14-15 (168, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual.]; 286.28-31 (139, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc.]; 289.16-19 (II, Teb) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; 290.26-29 (II, Teb) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual., metresis]; 291.18-21 (II, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual., metresis]; 292.19-21 (II, Teb) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., qual., metresis]; P.Monts.Roca IV<\/strong> 77.12-14, 36-41 (148A<\/sup><\/span>, Hephaistias) [imp.aor.: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9, fixd., loc.]; P.M\u00fcnch. III<\/strong> 89.18-22 (339, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp., metr.]; 91.17-18 (V, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9, fixd., anhyp.]; 92.4-7 (V, HermN) [ed.: [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3]\u03c9, fixd., loc., ship.]; P.Oslo III<\/strong> 138.11-13 (323, ArsN) [imp.aor., annually, twice a year]; P.Oxf.<\/strong> 12.15-17 (153\/4, Arsinoites) [ind.fut.]; 13.28-33 (154\/5 Argeias or SokN) [ind.fut., 1: fixd., 2: oc.]; 16.11-14 (VI\/VII, HermN) [rc., qual., metr., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp., ship.]; P.Oxy. I<\/strong> 101.34-42 (142, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; 102.18-20 (306, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 103.16-19 (316, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., anhyp., \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7]; II<\/strong> 278.12-16 (17, Ox) [imp.praes., monthly, no delay]; III<\/strong> 483.12-17 (108, Ox) [rc., \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, fixd.]; 499.24-33 (121, Senepta\/Ox) [imp.aor., fixd.]; 501.34-46 (186, Ox) [praes.imp (restored), ship., \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1]; 502.25-31 (164, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd.]; IV<\/strong> 729.19 (138, Ox) [imp.aor., loc., qual., keramos]; 730.22-24 (130, Senepta\/Ox) [imp.aor., fixd.]; VI<\/strong> 910.29-36 (197, Pakerke or Ox) [imp.aor., annually, fixd., loc., qual., metr., metresis]; 912.19-22 (235, Ox) [imp.aor., two installments, anhyp.]; 913.18-19 (443, Ox) [epan., allel., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, anhyp.]; VII<\/strong> 1036.23-25 (272, Ox) [imp.aor., annually, two installments a year]; 1037.15-16 (444, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 1038.29-30 (568, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., twice a year]; VIII<\/strong> 1124.7-12 (26, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; 1125.6-7, 15-22 (II, Ox) [imp.praes.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c9, annually, \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u1f79\u03bd, exp., \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9]; 1126.13-16 (V, Ox) [ind.fut., oc., anhyp., no excuse]; 1127.17-21 (183, Ox) [imp.aor., two installments a year]; 1128.16-21 (173, Ox) [rc., imp.aor., fixd., no delay]; 1129.12-13 (449, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., two installments a year]; IX<\/strong>\u00a01207.12-15 (175\/6?, Ox) [imp.aor., two installments]; X<\/strong> 1280.12-13 (IVl, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., annually, anhyp.]; XIV<\/strong> 1632.20-22 (353, Ox) [ind.fut., three installments, within]; 1689.28-36 (266, Ox) [imp.aor., qual., loc.]; 1691.17-18 (291\/2, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd.]; 1695.26-27 (360, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., twice a year]; XVI<\/strong> 1889.20-22 (496, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., twice a year, anhyp.]; 1957.14-15 (430, Ox) [rc., epan., twice a year]; 1959.14-15 (499, Ox) [rc., twice a year]; 1961.18-19 (487, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., twice a year]; 1965.21-22 (553, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., twice a year]; 1966.18-21 (505, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., twice a year]; 1968.6-8 (VI, Ox) [rc., akind., epan., ind.fut., \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 (?), anhyp.]; XVII<\/strong> 2109.41-43 (261, Ox) [ind.fut., monthly, anhyp.]; 2137.32-34 (226, Episemou Epoikion) [ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; XVIII<\/strong> 2188.1-13 (107, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., quan., metr.]; XXII<\/strong> 2351.42-50 (112, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; XXXI<\/strong> 2585.16-18 (315, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., fixd. (two installments), anhyp.]; XXXIII<\/strong> 2676.26-38 (151, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr., metresis]; XXXVI<\/strong> 2795.18-25 (250, Ox) [imp.praes.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c9; imp.aor.: \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1, anhyp.]; XXXVIII<\/strong> 2874.24-30 (108, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; XLI<\/strong> 2974.23-30 (162, Ox) [rc., imp.aor., annually, two installments, anhyp.]; XLIV<\/strong> 3200.13-21 (II\/III, Ox) [rc., imp.aor., two installments, anhyp.]; 3203.20-21 (400, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., twice a year, anhyp.]; XLV<\/strong> 3250.14-15 (c. 63, Ox) [epan., anhyp.]; 3257.13-15 (318, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., two installments a year, anhyp.]; 3260.20-22 (323, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, anhyp.]; XLVI<\/strong> 3270.18-19 (309, Ox) [ind.fut., ed.: \u03bc\u03b5[\u03c4]\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd [\u1f04\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd]; XLVII<\/strong> 3352.1-2 (68, OxN); [metr.]; 3354.39-45 (c. 257 Nomou Epoikion\/Senepta) [ind.fut., loc., qual., metr., fixd., anhyp.]; XLVIII<\/strong> 3386.20-21 (338, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2, annually, \u1f00\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2]; XLIX<\/strong> 3484.7-16 (27-33, Ox) [imp.aor., loc.]; 3488.39-53 (70\/71, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual.]; 3489.28-33 (72\/73, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; L<\/strong> 3582.9-10 (442, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; 3589.18-22 (II, OxN) [imp.aor., fixd., qual.]; 3591.30-40 (219, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., epan.; imp.praes.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c9, \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1, metresis, anhyp.]; 3592.24-29 (218-261 ?, Ox) [rc., imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual.]; 3595.31-38 (243, Senepta) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, qual.]; 3597.30-34 (260, Ox) [ind.fut., fixd., qual.]; 3600.18-19 (502, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., twice a year]; LV<\/strong> 3800.26-34 (219, Ox) [imp.praes.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c9, \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1, metresis, fixd.]; 3802.18-20 (296, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 3803.14-16 (411, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, anhyp.]; LVII<\/strong> 3911.27-34 (199, Pimpasi) [ind.fut., \u03b8\u1f73\u03bc\u03b1, qual., fixd., akind.]; LVIII<\/strong> 3955.20-22 (611, Ox) [rc., akind., epan., ind.fut., \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, anhyp.]; LXI<\/strong> 4121.16-22 (289\/90, Ox) [ind.fut., fixd. (three monthly installments), anhyp.]; LXVII<\/strong> 4594.15-22 (228, Senao\/Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; 4595.29-35 (261, Ox) [epan., imp.praes., metresis, \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9]; LXVIII<\/strong> 4693.15-16 (466 ?, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., two installments a year]; 4694.13-14 (466, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., two installments a year]; LXIX<\/strong> 4739.17-23 (127, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metresis, metr.]; 4745.29-41 (202, Ox) [imp.aor., annually, fixd., loc., metr., metresis]; 4747.15-20 (296, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; 4753.20-25 (341, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., \u1f10\u03ba \u03bd\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, qual., metr., fixd., anhyp.]; LXXI<\/strong> 4827.27-35 (173\/4, Ox) [imp.praes.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c9, exp., imp.aor.: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9, \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9, anhyp.]; LXXXII<\/strong> 5320.10-14 (227\/8, Ox) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1, annually, installments]; 5325.14-17 (437, Ox) [epan., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, metr., \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, anhyp.]; LXXXIII<\/strong> 5370.2-3 (VI, Ox) [epan., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, annually, \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, anhyp.]; P.Oxy.Hels.<\/strong> 41.34-42 (223\/4, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr., metresis]; P.Palau Rib.<\/strong> 7.23-32 (137\/8 or 158\/9 or 181\/2, OxN) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; 25.7-8 (VI\/VII, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; P.Phil.<\/strong> 12.27-29 (150\/1 or 173\/4, Phil) [ind.fut., oc.]; 15.15-18 (153\/4, Phil) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd]; P.Prag. I<\/strong> 36.7-10 (88, Poteu) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., metr., qual., ship.]; II<\/strong> 158.8-11 ( V\/VI, Herm) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; P.Princ. II<\/strong> 39.8-11 (III, UP) [ind.fut., fixd. (two installments), anhyp.]; III<\/strong> 151.12-13 (after 341, Ibion) [ind.fut., annually]; P.Rain.Cent.<\/strong> 82.22-25 (304\/5, HerakN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., metr., anhyp.]; P.Rein. I<\/strong> 43.13-16 (102, Ibion Tatkelmeos, HermN) [ind.fut.\/imp.aor., fixd.]; II<\/strong> 100.8-9 (212 AphrN) [qual., metr.]; 108.10-11 (VI, Ox) [rc., fixd., daily]; P.Ross.Georg. II<\/strong> 19.36-39 (141, Ox) [imp.aor., annually, fixd.]; III 32.11-12 (504, ArsPol) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9, annually, fixd., loc.]; 33.18-21 (522, Aphr) [periph., ind.fut., no excuse]; 40.16-19 (588, Sesiy) [qual., fixd., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9]; V<\/strong> 42.14-15 (602, HermN) [rc., qual., anhyp.]; P.Ryl.<\/strong> II 95.2-6 (71\/2, Ox?) [ed.: [\u03c4\u1f74]\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u1f74\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c3\u03cc\u0323[\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1];]; 97.6-10 (139, UP) [ind.fut., fixd. (\u1f15\u03c9\u03c2)]; 99.10-12 (III, HermN) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03c9 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u1f19\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd]; 100.11-12 (238 MagdMir) [ind.fut. two installments]; 166.20-23 (26, Euh) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual., metresis]; 167.23-26 (39, Euh) [ind.fut., fixd., \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b1\u1f31\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd \u1f14\u03bc\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1]; 168.11-16 (120, HermN) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; 169.11-14, 15-17 (197, HermN) [ind.fut., allel., fixd. (two installments), qual.]; 172.15-18 (208, ArsN) [ind.fut., oc., anhyp.]; IV<\/strong> 583v.50-52 (170A, Phil); 600.11-14 (8A, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., allel., no excuse]; 601.11-15 (26A, PtolEu) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., akind.]; P.Sakaon<\/strong> 70.12-13 (338, Boubastos) [\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9, loc.]; 71.18-20 (306, Theadelphia) [\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03c9, \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u1f73\u03c1\u03c9, \u1f45\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u02bc \u1f02\u03bd \u03b2\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5]; P.Sarap.<\/strong> 22a.12-17 (102\/3, HermN) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, fixd., qual., ship.]; 23.5-9 (121, HermN) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, fixd., metr., qual.]; 24.9-11 (123, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 25.8-10 (124, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., loc.]; 26.12-14 (125, MagdMir) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp., av: \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd]; 27.18-25 (125, HermN) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u1f73\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, \u1f10\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, metresis, metr., fixd.,]; 28bis.3-6 (122, MagdMir) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd (rest.), qual., metr., loc.]; 28ter.11-16 (132, MagdMir) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, allel., fixd.: two installments, qual., metr., metresis, \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd]; 44.14-16 (123, Akoris) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9, fixd. (two installments), qual.]; 45.13-19 (127, Sinkere) [annually, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, metresis, fixd., qual., metr.]; 46.21-29 (128, Mnachis) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, metr., fixd.]; 47.8-13, 15 (sharecropping) (128, HermN) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, metr., loc.] ; 48b.11-21 (123, Herm) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, fixd., metresis, ship., metr.]; 49.10 (123, Sinkere) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, loc.]; P.Scholl<\/strong> 8.18-20 (515, Herm) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp.]; P.Select.<\/strong> 17.21-22 (IIIe, HerakN); P.Sijp.<\/strong> 21a.21-24 (186, Euergetis, KynopN) [rc., ind.fut., annually, \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1f78\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd]; P.Soter.<\/strong> 1.25-27 (69, Thead) [ind.fut., metr., loc.]; 3.25-30 (89\/90, Thead) [ind.fut., fixd., metr., loc.]; 4.33-42 (87, Thead) [ind.fut., fixd., two installments]; 26.14-16 (83-96) [rc., ind.fut., annually, fixd.]; P.Stras. I<\/strong> 2.10-14 (217, Herm) [qual., metr., loc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, \u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c3\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd]; 4.17-19 (551, Herm) [ind.fut., anhyp.]; 10.16-20 (268, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp., qual., metr., loc.,]; 30.14-17 (276, Thead) [periph., annually, fixd.]; II 92.12-15 (244\/3A, OxN) [imp.aor.]; III<\/strong> 137.13-15 (325, Nagogis) [rc., ind.fut., \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9]; IV 236.18 (144, UP) 18 [ed.: [\u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4]\u1f74\u03bd \u03b4\u03b7[\u03bc]\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1[\u03c0\u03ad\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd];]; 247.16-17 (550\/1\/2, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 258.12-15 (II, ArsN) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, fixd., metr.]; 267.22-26 (126-128, SokN) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., av: \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd]; 282.4-8 (161-169, ArsN) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., qual., metr.]; 291.8 (124, HermN) [ind.fut.]; V<\/strong> 338.17-19 (550, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 358.4 (IV, UP); 398.16-19 (553, Herm) [qual., metr., anhyp.]; 465.18-21 (230, Polydeukia) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; 470.9-10 (early 497, Herm) [rc., qual.]; 471.15-16 (500, Herm) [rc., ind.fut.]; 472.19-24 (533\/4, Herm) [rc., qual., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, fixd., annually, anhyp., ship.]; 475.10-15 (507\/8 or 522\/3, Herm) [rc., qual., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, metr., fixd., oc., anhyp., ship.] 476.9-11 (VIe, Herm) [qual., metr., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, fixd., annually, anhyp., ship.]; 477.11-13 (VIf, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; 482.14 (542, HermN) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., annually]; 483.18-20 (512, HermN) [rc., qual., metr., ed.: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5]\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9; fixd., oc., anhyp.]; 486.7-8 (504\/5, HermN) [rc., fixd., annually, \u1f00[\u03c0\u1f78 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd;]; 488.1-3 (VI, HermN) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, anhyp., qual., ship.]; VI<\/strong> 507.3-6 (138, HermN) [ind.fut., allel., fixd.]; 534.12-14 (before 161, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc.]; 535.15 (II, ArsN) [metr.]; 540.2-3 (VI, UP) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 557.17-21 (291, Herm) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp., qual., loc.]; 569.16-18 (162, UP) [periph., ind.fut., allel., fixd., anhyp.]; 571.21-25 (175, Phil) [ind.fut., two installments]; 598.18-21 (526 or 541, HermN) [rc., qual., ind.fut., ed.: [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc]\u03b5\u03bd, metr., oc., fixd., ship.]; VII<\/strong> 655.16-17 (Vs, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; VIII<\/strong> 704.13-21 (82\/3, Hephaistias) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 705.4-6 (Is, UP) ?; 706.28-30 (122\/3, PtolEu) [periph., ind.fut.]; 752.12-13 (VIIe, HermN); 753.14-17 (VIIe, HermN) [rc., qual., metr., ind.fut., ship.]; 754.14-17 (VIIe, HermN) [rc., qual., metr., ind.fut., ship.]; 755.16-18 (VIIe, HermN) [rc., qual., metr., ind.fut., ship.]; 756.12-15 (VIIe, HermN) [rc., qual., metr., ind.fut., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd.]; 757.15-17 (VIIe, HermN) [annually, metr., ship.]; 758.16-18 (VIIe, HermN) [rc., qual., metr., ind.fut., ship.]; P.Tebt. I<\/strong> 105.39-42 (103A, Kerkeosiris) [annually, imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., loc., ship.]; 106.26-33 (101A, PtolEu) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., ship.]; II<\/strong> 375.23-25 (140, PtolEu) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, loc., metr., qual.]; 376.29-31 (162, Teb) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, annually, metr.]; 377.23-27 (210, Teb) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr., metresis]; 378.24-25 (265, Teb) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr.]; III.1<\/strong> 815 2r.2.1-8 l. 6 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u1fc6\u0323\u03b9\u0323]; 815 2r.3.52-60 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb); 815 2r.3.63-72, ll. 68-69 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9]; 815 3v.1.36-41, 40 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb); 815 4r.1.46-55, 50-51 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb); 815 5r.10-27, ll. 21-22 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd; \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd; \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u02bc \u1f65\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u02bc \u1f23\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9; loc.]; 815 6r.2.13-30, ll. 28-39 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb); 815.7r.1-7, ll. 3-4 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb); 815 7r.34-40, ll. 37-38 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9]; 819.7-9 (sin.), 31-32 (scr.ext.) (171A<\/sup><\/span>, Oxyrhyncha) [imp.aor., fixd. (two installments)]; P.Turner<\/strong> 37.15-17 (270, PtolEu) [ind.fut., monthly, \u1f00\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2\u0323]; P.Vat.Aphrod.<\/strong> 1.32-35, 39-41 (598 ?, Aphr) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u1f70\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, \u1f00\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9, loc., \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; P.Vind.Bosw.<\/strong> 10r.1-5 (IV, HermN) [ind.fut., qual., fixd., metr., loc., \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7]; P.Vind.Sal.<\/strong> 8.22-24 (323, HermN) [ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Vind.Sijp.<\/strong> 8.16-22 (127, HermN) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u1f10\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, fixd., metr., metresis]; 9.14-17 (V, Marmarike) [rc., metr., fixd., loc.(?), metr., anhyp., no excuse]; .P.Vindob. G<\/strong> 13263 + 13376 + 14694.13-19 (498, Herm) [rc.. ind.fut., three installments]; 13349.3-4 (VI, Herm); 13458.2-3 (VI, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.];\u00a0 <\/span>P.Wisc. I<\/strong> 5.17-20 (185, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., monthly, anhyp.]; 7.29-36 (259\/60, Ox) [imp.aor., annually, fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; II<\/strong> 52.20-23 (32, Kar) [imp.aor., annually, fixd.]; P.Worp.<\/strong> 20.17-18? (155, Antin); 37.13-14 (620\/650\/665, Herak) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, fixd., loc.]; P.W\u00fcrz.<\/strong> 11.15-18 (99, ArsN) [rc., periph., ind.fut., two installments]; P.Yadin<\/strong> 21.15-18 (130 Maoza) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd, metr., loc.]; 22.14-17 (130 Maoza) [ic., loc., oc.]; P.Yale<\/strong> I 51.10-17, 21-26 (184A, KerkArs) [imp.praes., qual., metr., ship., imp.aor.]; 70.8-12 (229\/30 ?, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd. (day), anhyp.]; 71.12-13 (456, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., twice a year]; 72.5 (V, Ox) [ind.fut., allel., twice a year]; PSI I<\/strong> 30.9-11 (82, HermN) [fixd., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, metr.]; 31.19-21 (163\/4, ArsN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, loc., qual.]; 33.25-27 (150\/1 or 173\/174, Phil) [ind.fut., oc.]; 34.14-17 (397, Herm) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, metr., loc.]; 75.17 (VI?, Ox) [rc., ind.fut.]; 77.30-33 (551, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, loc., fixd., anhyp.]; III<\/strong> 178.6-8 (291, Ox) [ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 187.18-19 (274\/5 or 280\/1 or 289\/90, Ox) [ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; IV<\/strong> 283.16-24 (550, Aphr) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, metr.]; 296.16-17 (520, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., annually, anhyp., qual.]; 315.15-21 (136\/7, Ox) [1: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9, \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, anhyp., 2: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9, fixd., annually, anhyp.]; 316.16-17 (328, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7]; 385.7-10 (246A\/5A, Phil) [imp.praes., fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; V<\/strong> 466.18-19 (518, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., two installments]; 467.14-16 (360, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., \u1f00\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2]; 468.18-30 (200, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., metresis, loc.]; 469.18-20 (334, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., qual.]; VI<\/strong> 707.16-19 (351, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., two installments]; 709.22-23 (566, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., twice a year]; VII<\/strong> 739.16-30 (163, Ox) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual., metr., metresis]; 787.13-14 (176\/7 ?, ArsN) [ind.fut., three installments]; 788.8-16 (125, HermN) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr.]; VIII<\/strong> 879.12-14 (99, Kar) [periph., ind.fut., loc., qual.]; 920r.5-7 (VI, OxN) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9; \u03b3\u03b5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f51\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; 963.21-23 (579, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., two installments a year]; IX<\/strong> 1029.18-20 (52\/3, OxN) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9, ankind.]; 1030.19-21 (109, Ox) [imp.aor., within]; 1036.12-16, 17-20 (192, OxN) [ind.fut., install.]; 1056.12-15 (VII, ArsN) [\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1, fixd., \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03b2\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03c2]; 1069.22-25 (246, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd.]; 1071.20-22 (296, Ox) [imp.aor.]; 1078.25-28 (356, Lenonos) [epan., ind.fut., \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, anhyp.]; X<\/strong> 1097.8-10 (54\/3A, Ox) [\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, metr., loc.]; 1098.21-26 (51A, Teb) [aor.imp., fixd., ship., qual., metr.]; XIII<\/strong> 1330.12-14 (after 3.172, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp., akind.]; XV<\/strong> 1518.11-13 (34\/5\/6, Bac) [rc., imp.aor., fixd., ship.]; XVII<\/strong> 1698.9 (161-168, Ox) [ind.fut.]; 1699.14-18 (173\/4, Ox) [imp.aor., three installments, no delay]; PSI Congr. XX<\/strong> 7.15-16 (104, Kar) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., qual.]; SB I<\/strong> 5252.26-30 (65, Nilopolis) [imp.aor., ten installments]; 5670.18 (167-192, ArsN) [fixd.]; III<\/strong> 7188.19-22, 40-41 (154A, ArsN) [\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd]; IV<\/strong> 7443.17-19 (285, Ox) [metr., anhyp.]; 7444.9-10 (327, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., two installments a year]; 7474.13-14 (c. 254\/5, ArsN) [metr., \u1f10\u03bd \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, ind.fut., metr., \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1]; V<\/strong> 7665.13-14 (225, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd., metr.]; 7814.30-31 (256, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., imp.aor.]; 8086.17-18 (268, Sentrempaei) [ind.fut., two installments]; VI<\/strong> 8976.14-16 (after 105, SokN) [rc., \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9]; 9085 inv. 16048, ll. 15-18 (565, Herm) [rc., qual., metr., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp., ship.]; 9085 inv. 16050, ll. 16-19 (579, Herm) [rc., qual., metr., ind.fut., fixd., ship.]; 9085 inv. 16055, ll. 23-31 (589, Herm) [rc., qual., metr., ind.fut., ship.]; 9110.13-15 (26, Teb) [rc., imp.aor., fixd., loc.]; 9226.23-24 (II\/III, SokN) [ind.fut., \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, loc.]; 9269.19-21 (304, PtolEu) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr.]; 9461.21-25 (632, Boubastos) [\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u02bc \u1f10\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6]; 9561.25 (590, Ox) [rc., ind.fut.]; 9562.16-17 (214, Phil) [ind.fut., fixd., metr.]; VIII<\/strong> 9907.20-21 (388, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., annually, anhyp.]; 9918.16-21 (179\/80, OxN) [ind.fut. two installments]; 9919.4-7 (IIIl, OxN) [epan., ind.fut., allel., fixd., qual., metr.]; 9931.15-17 (405, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 9932.12 (544 or 599, Herm) [rc., ind.fut.]; X<\/strong> 10263.20-27 (204, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; 10532.20-30 (87\/8, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual.]; 10573.15-18 (10A, ArsN\/OxN) [imp.aor., fixd. loc., metr.]; XII<\/strong> 10780.26-28 (172\/3, Ox) [ed.: \u03bc\u0323\u03b5\u0323\u03c4\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03ae\u0323\u03c3\u0323\u03b5\u0323\u03b9\u0323;]; 10942.22-28 (4A, OxN) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr.]; 10982.21-23 (288, Phil) [ind.fut., metr., loc.]; 11047.27-30 (195 ?, Teb) [ind.fut., fixd., qual., metr.]; 11061.11-18 (218A, Tholt) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., qual.]; 11228.23-25 (204, OxN) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., metr.]; 11234.18-23 (210\/1, Ox) [fut., loc., anhyp.]; XIV<\/strong> 11279.30-32 (44, Thead) [imp.aor., fixd., loc.]; 11281.17-22 (172, Ox) [ind.fut., annually, two installments, av: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1]; 11373.13-15 (513, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 11431.7-10 (95\/6?, Kerkeesis) [ind.fut., annually, fixd., loc., metresis]; 11603.17-22 (157-159, PtolEu) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual., metr., metresis]; 11711.17-18 (332, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, anhyp.]; 11718.17-18 (141, Teb) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual.]; 11720.22-26 (170, Teb) [ind.fut., fixd., qual.]; 11911.23-27 (224, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., loc., anhyp.]; 11933.34-36 (27A, PtolEu) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual.]; 12049.15-18 (VI\/VII, Herm) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, qual., ship.]; 12050.12-13, 18-19 (498, Herm) [rc., qual., metr., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, allel., fixd., anhyp., \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd]; 12052.10-13 (545\/560 , Herm) [rc., qual., metr., fixd., ind.fut., ship., \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, anhyp.]; 12132.10-14 (VI, Herm) [rc., qual., ind.fut., metr., anhyp., ship.]; <\/span>XVI<\/strong> 12373.13-15 (158A, ArsN) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9]; 12469.9-11 (26A, SokN) [ship., metr., qual.]; 12539.20-23 (26, Teb) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, metr., fixd.,]; 12569.8-25, ll. 22-24 (66-58 or 55-51A, KerkArs Orous) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9]; 12583.18-19 (500, Ox) [rc.]; 12836.23-29 (225, Ankyron Polis) [ind.fut.: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd]; 13004.9-10 (314 Thmouis) [rc., ind.fut., annually, metr., prepayment]; 13005.16-19 (144, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., two installments]; 13006.30-33 (144, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual.]; 13008.18-25 (144, ArsN) [preas.part. (GA), \u03c4\u03b1\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f00\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2]; 13010.29-32 (144, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual.]; 13011.14-17 (144, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., three installments]; 13012.16-20 (42, ArsN) [ind.fut., two installments]; 13017.17-21 (24A, SokN) [imp.aor., fixd., ship.]; <\/span>XVIII<\/strong> 13102.6-9 (8195, UP) [ind.fut., three installments]; 13150.27-29 (II, Ox) [ind.fut., \u1f05\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9]; 13161.8-28, ll. 17-23 (after 29.8.138, ArsN\/HermN) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, periph., ind.fut., fixd., at least two installments]; 13161.29-48, ll. 37-40? (after 29.8.138, ArsN\/HermN) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, fixd.]; 13161.49-60, ll. 56-57 (after 29.8.138, ArsN\/HermN) [ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 13582.16-19 (184, UP) [annually, fixd.]; 13584.19-20 (VIm, Herm) [rc., qual., metr., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp.]; 13586.11-12 (VI\/VII, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd. (two installments), anhyp.]; 13620.11-12 (473, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 13850.16-20 (141?, ArsN) [metr.]; 14001. (486, ArsN) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5]; <\/span>XX<\/strong> 14110.13-15 (VI, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., two annual installments]; 14315.26-28 (32\/3, Teb) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2, fixd. (two installments), loc.]; 14337.19-25 (103, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd. (two installments), and initc.]; 14338.6-13 (120, Ox) [imp.praes.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c9, fixd., qual.]; 14983.16 (220-260, OxN) [imp.aor.]; 14984.9-17 (140-210, OxN) [imp.aor., fixd., imp.praes.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c9, \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9]; <\/span>XXII<\/strong> 15240.18-19 (156A, Ammonias) [imp.aor., \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 15493.11-12 (435 Sesiy) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9, oc.]; 15620.12-14 (424, Alabastrine) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, no excuse]; 15630.6-7 (152, OxN) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u1f74\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9]; <\/span>XXIV<\/strong> 15923.6-8 (VIl\/VIIe, HermN ?) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 15925.9-10 (VIe, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., twice a year]; 16112.2-3 (VI, HermN) [ship.]; 16128.2-3 (V, OxN) [epan., allel., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7, anhyp.]; 16189.1-2 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, anhyp.]; 16191.3 (VI\/VII, Antinoites) ?; <\/span>XXVI<\/strong> 16796.15-16 (518, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., annually]; 16819.21-26 (332, Herm) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd.: two installments, anhyp., qual., metr.];<\/span> XXVIII<\/strong> 16909.13-14 (420, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., two installments]; 17201.8-10 (VI\/VII, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 17208.12-15 (IV end\/Vb, Herak) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., qual., metr.]; SPP II<\/strong> p. 33, ll. 10-14 (328, Herm) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd.: two installments, anhyp., qual., metr.]; V<\/strong> 119r.2.13-19 (before 266, Herm) [rc., AV: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03c9]; 119r. 3.20-21 (266, Herm) [rc., anhyp.]; 119r.5.17-24 (after 266, Herm) [rc., AV: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, metr.]; 119r\u20117..15-20 (266, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., install., loc., metr.]; 119r.8.11-12 (266, Herm) [AV: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9];<\/span> XX<\/strong> 21.18-21 (215, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr.]; 22.12-14 (216\/7 HerakN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., loc., akind., anhyp.]; 53.15-18 (246, Herak) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 55.7-10 (250 HerakN) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp., akind.]; 57.16-19 (263, Dionysias) [ind.fut., metr.]; 70.20-21 (261, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 104.1-2 (383, UP) [fixd., metr., anhyp.]; <\/span>XXII<\/strong> 173.15-23 (40, SokN) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd, within]; 177.26-29 (136\/7, SokN) [ind.fut., fixd., \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b1\u1f31\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd \u1f10\u03be \u1f34\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5]; <\/span>ZPE<\/strong> 200 (2016) 336-346 frag. b, 31-38 (163 Ophis, OxN). [ic., imp.aor., loc., qual.].<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

19. Failure to Deliver Rent<\/h2>\n

Category: Payment, Penalty<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

Thirty-six of sixty-seven Ptolemaic lease documents that contain the delivery clause also address the issue of non-delivery. The rule, already featured in P.Cair.Zen. III 59340.7 and especially 29-31 (247 BCE, Philadelphia), prescribes cash<\/strong> compensation for every missing object<\/strong>: \u1f10\u1f70]\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4[\u1ff6]\u03c3\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bc \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u0323\u03cc\u0323\u03c4\u0323\u03b9\u0323 | 30<\/sup> [\u1f61\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd, -ca.?- \u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03c1\u03af\u03c6]\u03bf\u0323\u03c5 \u1f67\u03bd \u1f02\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u0323\u03c6\u0323\u03b5\u0323\u03b9\u0323\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9[\u03c3\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f74\u03bd \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2] | 31<\/sup> [\u03b4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03be\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9 \u1f38\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd \u1f00\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3(?)]\u03b8\u0323\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u1f50\u0323\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f30\u03b3\u03b1[\u03c2 -ca.?- ]\u00a0(\u2018And if they do not return the rent as they have agreed, (let them pay as compensation) for each kid that they owe forthwith the amount of ten drachms, and let it be allowed for Iason to take back his goats\u2019). According to the established scheme, evident in both the Arsinoite documentation and in the Tholthis group, the protasis<\/em> records the verb of delivery, usually \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, but sometimes also \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f77\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9, denoting the physical transfer of the object to the lessor\u2019s estate. In the apodosis<\/em>, using the imperative aorist of \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u1f77\u03bd\u03c9 (\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9), one anticipates the payment not of a penalty but of cash compensation for the non-delivered objects. The contract may propose a fixed per-artaba<\/em> estimate of all commodities for which payment in kind is intended: wheat, barley, olyra, fodder, and chaff. In a more flexible alternative, a maximum market price is prescribed. Cf., e.g., BGU<\/span> XIV 2390.33-35 (160\/59 BCE, Herakleopolis), in which the lender seems to benefit from both alternatives in that he shall receive, in the case of non-payment, a fixed artaba<\/em> compensation at the very least. If the maximum market price is higher, he will also receive the difference: \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 [\u03bc]\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1f70 \u03b3\u03b5|34<\/sup>\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03ae\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03b6\u03b1\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f57 \u1f02\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u1fc3 \u03c3\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f74\u03bd \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc[\u1f70]\u03c2 |\u00a035<\/sup>\u00a0\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f45\u03c3\u03c9\u03b9 \u1f02\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u0323\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4[\u03bf\u03c5] \u03c0\u03c9\u03bb\u1fc6\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd \u1f29\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f00\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u1fb6\u03b9 (\u2018If he does not pay as stipulated, let Polyeratos pay to Diazolos for whatever wheat he still owes him four hundred drachmas per artaba<\/em> of wheat and whatever addition to that amount may be earned by selling it in the market of Herakleopolis\u2019). The same clause is preserved, in its original formulation, in P.Athen. 14.26-32 (22 CE, Philadelphia). In the text of this document, only a duplum<\/em> for expenses and damage, an epitimon<\/em>, and a payment to the fisc are added:\u00a0\u03b5\u1f30 \u03b4\u1f72] \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u039a\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u1f74\u03bd | 27<\/sup> [\u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2] \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac[\u03b2]\u03b7\u03c2, \u1f27\u03c2 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u1f40\u0323\u03c6\u0323\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u1fc3 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 | 28<\/sup> [\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f11\u03ba]\u03b1\u0323\u03c4\u0323[\u1f78]\u03bd \u1f22 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f10\u03c3[\u03bf]\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u1f00\u03b3\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c1\u1fb7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03bd, | 29<\/sup> [\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u0323\u00a0 \u0323\u00a0 \u0323\u00a0 \u0323 \u03c4]\u1f70 \u03b2\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03b4\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u1fb6 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc[\u03bf\u03bd] | 30<\/sup> [\u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f11\u03ba]\u03b1\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc[\u03cc]\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd [\u03c4]\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f34\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b3\u03b9[\u03bd\u03bf]\u03bc\u0323\u03ad\u0323\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 | 31<\/sup> [\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u039a\u03ac\u03c3]\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9 [\u1f22 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c0]\u03b1\u0323\u03c1\u02bc \u03b1[\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6] \u1f14\u0323\u03ba\u0323 \u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 [\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u039c\u03ad]|32<\/sup>[\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50]\u03c4\u03bf\u0323\u1fe6\u0323 [\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd]\u03c4\u03c9\u0323[\u03bd\u00a0(\u2018Or else, let him pay as a compensation to Kastor, immediately, the value of each artab<\/em> that he may owe him of the rent, one hundred drachms of silver or the future highest market price, [ – – ] double the amount of the damages and expenses, a penalty of one hundred silver drachms, and to the fisc the same, Kastor and those acting on his behalf having the right of execution from Menon himself and all his property\u2019). For the tendency to add a fine in the early Roman period, cf. also SB XVI 12539.22-24 (26 CE, Tebtynis).<\/p>\n

The Roman period (I\u2013IV centuries CE) yields as many as 436 leases that contain the delivery clause, but only 29 discuss the prospect of non-delivery, 22 of which were composed in the Oxyrhynchite nome. Some Oxyrhynchite documents continue to exhibit the Ptolemaic text. Such is the case in P.Oxy.<\/span> VIII 1124.13-15 (26 CE, Oxyrhynchos), now republished as P.Oxy. LXXXIII 5360.13-15:\u00a0\u1f22 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4[\u03c9] \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f74\u03bd \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7[\u03c2] \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f27\u03c2 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd\u00a0| 14<\/sup> \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4[\u1ff7 \u1f00]\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af[\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4]\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2\u00a0[\u00a0\u00a0\u0323] \u0323\u00a0\u00a0\u0323, \u03c4\u0323\u1fc6\u0323\u03c2 \u03b4\u02bc \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78\u00a0| 15<\/sup>\u00a0\u03be\u03c5\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u0323[\u03b1\u1f76] \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1[\u03b9\u03bf]\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u00a0(\u2018\u2026or shall forfeit as the value of every artaba<\/em> that he does not pay [ – – ] drachmas of silver and double the rent of the land sown with green produce\u2019). In the course of the Roman period, however, the older clause, stipulating cash compensation for each missing artaba<\/em>, is replaced by the lessee\u2019s duty, in case of defaulted payment, to indemnify the lessor by defraying any existing debt and adding a hemiolion<\/em>. The formulation now runs (P.Oxy.<\/span> LXIX 4739.23-26: 127 CE, Oxyrhynchos):\u00a0\u1f22 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u1f43 \u1f10\u03ac\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u1fc3 \u03bc\u03b5|24<\/sup>\u03b8\u2019 \u1f21\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f21 \u03c0\u03c1\u1fb6\u03be\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03ba\u03cc|25<\/sup>\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f14\u03ba \u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1|26<\/sup>\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u00a0(\u2018Or he is to pay whatever he still owes plus one half. The right of execution shall reside with the lessor upon both the lessee and all his property\u2019).<\/p>\n

The clause is rarely attested in the Byzantine period (VI\u2013VII centuries CE), incorporated into only five of the 205 documents that contain the delivery clause. These five documents neither exhibit any established scheme nor offer the same remedies. In P.Michael. 43.16-17 (526 CE, Aphrodites Kome), the scribe introduces an annual payment in kind, the \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, until the debt is defrayed; BGU I 336.15-20 (645 or 660 CE, Arsinoiton Polis) and BGU XIX 2828.8-11 (VIIb<\/sup>, Hermopolis) propose a cash compensation that is not, however, proportional to the missing share of the rent; and in P.Flor. III 384.50-58 (489 CE, Hermopolis) a prostimon<\/em> is indicated. Cf., e.g., BGU II 336.15-20 (645 or 660 CE, Arsinoiton Polis): \u03b5\u1f30 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03c9 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u1fc3 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8[(\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u1fb3)], | 16<\/sup> \u1f10\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f51\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u1fb3 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb(\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u1fb3) | 17<\/sup> \u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03be \u1f30\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 | 18<\/sup> \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c7\u03af\u03bf(\u03c5) \u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4[\u03b1] | 19<\/sup> \u1f13\u03be \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6 | 20<\/sup> \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u00a0(\u2018And if I do not perform any of these things within said timeframe, I will be liable to give your magnificence from my home and out of my own devices on account of the gonachion<\/em> six gold solidi<\/em> and on account of each blanket three gold solidi\u2019<\/em>).<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Berger (1911): 161, 164; Taubenschlag (1955): 360; Herrmann (1958): 145-148; Hennig (1967): 74-78; M\u00fcller (1985): 287.<\/span><\/p>\n

MP<\/strong>: Market Price;\u00a0 \u00a0 MMP<\/strong>: Maximum Market Price;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 PAA<\/strong>: Per Artaba Amount;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Prax<\/strong>.: Praxis;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 TD<\/strong>: Total Debt;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 TF<\/strong>: Total Fine<\/p>\n

BGU<\/span> II<\/strong> 366.15-20 (645 or 660, ArsPol) [TF, per object amount]; VI<\/strong> 1262.11-13 (216\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [PAA]; 1263.20-21 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt); 1264.21-23 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [PAA]; 1266.26-29 (203\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [epit., kyrieueto]; 1267.11-16 (before 286\/5A<\/sup><\/span>\/266\/5A<\/sup><\/span>\/228\/7A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [PAA, prax., kyrieueto]; 1271.7-9 (180A<\/sup><\/span>-145A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil\/Thead) [PAA\/MP]; X<\/strong> 1943.12-14 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [PAA]; 1944.11-14 (214\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [PAA, prax., kyrieueto]; 1946.11-13 (213\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [PAA, prax.]; 1949.1-4 (221A<\/sup><\/span>-205A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [prax.]; 1952.2-5 (221A<\/sup><\/span>-205A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [PAA, prax.]; 1955.2-3 (221A<\/sup><\/span>-205A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN); XIV<\/strong> 2383.11-12 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [PAA, prax., kyrieueto]; 2384.9-11 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [PAA]; 2387.4-7 (IIIA<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [PAA]; 2390.33-35 (160\/59A<\/sup><\/span>, HerakN) [PAA\/MP]; XV<\/strong> 2485.16-17 ? (209, ArsN) [syntimesis]; XIX<\/strong> 2828.8-11 (VIIb<\/sup>, Herm) [TF, no excuse, kind.]; P.Amst.<\/span> I<\/strong> 41.45-83 (10A<\/sup><\/span>, PtolEu); P.Athen.<\/span><\/strong> 14.26-32 (22, Phil) [PAA\/MP, dam., exp., epit., fisc., prax.]; P.Cair.Zen.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 59340.7-11, 29-33 (247A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [fixed price, removal of the goats]; P.Col.<\/span> IV<\/strong> 85.7-8 (244\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [hemiolion]; P.Erl.<\/span><\/strong> 69.2-7 (IA<\/sup><\/span>\/I, UP) [PAA]; P.Flor.<\/span> III<\/strong> 384.50-58 (489, Herm) [prostimon]; P.Frank.<\/span><\/strong> 1.21-25 (213A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [PAA, prax., kyrieueto]; 2.23-26 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [PAA, prax., kyrieueto]; P.Freib.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 12a.9-11? (IIfA<\/span><\/sup>, UP); 34.18-19 (173A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [Deduction of prodoma, debt]; P.Hamb.<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 239.9-13 (IIImA<\/span><\/sup>, Tholt?) [PAA, prax.]; P.Hib.<\/span> I<\/strong> 90.13-16 (222A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [PAA, prax.]; P.K\u00f6ln<\/span><\/strong> VI<\/strong> 275.10-12 (104\/3A<\/sup><\/span> or 101\/0A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN) [PAA\/MP]; P.Michael. 43.20-21 (526, Aphr); P.Monts.Roca<\/span> IV<\/strong> 77.14-16,41-42 (148A<\/sup><\/span>, Hephaistias) [MMP, prax.]; P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 101.42-47 (142, Ox) [TD with hemiolia, prax.];\u00a0III<\/strong> 499.28-33 (121, Senepta\/Ox) [TD with hemiolia, prax.]; IV<\/strong> 730.25-27 (130A<\/sup><\/span>, Senepta\/Ox) [TD with hemiolia, prax.]; VIII<\/strong> 1124.13-15 (26, Ox) [PAA, prax.]; XVIII<\/strong> 2188.9-13 (107, Ox) [TD with hemiolia, prax.]; XXII<\/strong> 2351.52-53 (112, Ox) [TD with hemiolia, prax.]; XLVII<\/strong> 3352.2-4 (68, OxN) [PAA, prax.];\u00a0XLIX<\/strong> 3488.49-53 (70\/1, Ox) [PAA, prax.]; 3489.33 (72\/3, Ox); LXIX<\/strong> 4739.23-24 (127, Ox) [TD with hemiolia, prax.]; P.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> I 105.43-48 (103A<\/sup><\/span>, Kerkeosiris) [PAA\/MMP, kyrieueto]; 106.29-33 (101A<\/sup><\/span>, PtolEu);\u00a0III.1<\/span> 815.gr<\/sup>.34-40, ll. 38, 39 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [TF];\u00a0819.8-9, 32-33 (171A<\/sup><\/span>, Oxyrhyncha) [hemiolion, kyrieueto]; P.Yadin<\/span><\/strong> 21.21-24 (130, Maoza) [per object]; 22.17-20 (130, Maoza) [per object]; P.Yale<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 51.11-13, 15-17 (184A<\/sup><\/span>, Kerkesoucha) [PAA]; PSI<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 385.9-10 (246\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil); VII<\/strong> 739.27-30 (163, Ox) [TD with hemiolia, prax.]; VIII<\/strong> 881.7-9 (VI, OxN) [prostimon]; 921.20-24, l. 24 (143\/4, ArsN) [prax.?]; X<\/strong> 1098.26-29 (51A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [PAA\/MMP]; SB<\/span> III<\/strong> 7188.23-24 (154A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN) [epit., damage]; 9918.19-21 (179\/80, OxN); X<\/strong> 10263.28-31 (204, Ox) [TD with hemiolia, prax.]; 10532.29-30 (87\/8, Oxy) [TD with hemiolia]; XII<\/strong> 10942 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt); 11061.14-18 (218A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [PAA, prax., kyrieueto]; XVI<\/strong> 12373.16-17 (158A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN) [prax., epigeorgein]; 12378.20-25 (504, HermN); 12539.22-24 (26, Teb) [rent., epit., fisc.]; XX<\/strong> 14338.13-15 (120, Ox) [TD with hemiolia];\u00a0ZPE<\/strong> 200 (2016) 336-346 ll. B 38-44 (163, Ophis) [TD with hemiolia].<\/p>\n

\n

20. Repayment of Loan<\/h2>\n

Category: Termination<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

Every document that records the assignment of fungible assets or money regulates their recovery by the assignor. Consequently, the \u2018return of the loan\u2019 clause is quite common, recorded in 738 texts. Several verbs of delivery are attested: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1f77\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u1f73\u03c9, and, quite commonly in the Byzantine period, the aorist infinitive of \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f73\u03c7\u03c9 (\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd). By far the most common, however, is \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9. Alongside the direct, verbal formulation (\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9), scribes in all periods also employ the periphrasis: \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ad\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9. However, with just 43 attestations its position remains secondary. Starting from the first century, the verb is frequently accompanied by the adverb \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd (\u2018perforce\u2019) (earliest attestation: P.Mich. III 191.22: 60 CE, Oxyrhynchos). It is fairly common in the following centuries and is gradually replaced, in the fourth century, by the well-attested literary form \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2. The two versions combined appear in 94 loan contracts, including 44 from the Arsinoite and 33 from the Oxyrhynchite nome. It occurs mostly with the future tense of \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9.<\/p>\n

In the protocol style of the early Ptolemaic period, the verb appears in its imperative aorist form (cf., e.g., BGU III 911.15: 18 CE, Soknopaiou Nesos). As a shift to the subjective style takes place in the course of the late Ptolemaic and early Roman periods, the imperative aorist gives way to the indicative or the infinitive of the future tense (P.Diog. 30.12: 223-235 CE, Philadelphia?). From the fourth century onward, the infinitive aorist is also employed at times, particularly wherever it is required by the syntactical environment. Such is the case, for example, in P.Oxy. XVI 1970.22-23 (554 CE, Oxyrhynchos)\u2014\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u2014where the return clause seems embedded in a Greek rendering of the Roman stipulatio<\/em>.<\/p>\n

While the clause is syntactically independent in the Ptolemaic period, in the Roman it is integrated into the flow of the text, a phenomenon especially common whenever the contract is introduced by \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c9. In this formulation, the clause is now connected to the preceding clause (the account of the interest) by means of a relative pronoun and the anaphoric nature of the object of the return is emphasized through the combination of \u1f03\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f77 or, more rarely, \u1f05\u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1.<\/p>\n

The loan has to be settled by the debtor in person, who appears in the nominative (or accusative in ACI), joined in one document, P.Lips. II 135.7-8 from 98 Hermopolis, by the surety. Return by proxy may be recorded once: P.Oxy. XLIII 3146.11-13 (347, Ox). Return by a third person is regularly anticipated in some Byzantine documents, in which the debt should be returned by the debtor and his heirs (cf., e.g., P.Mich. XI 607.17-24: 569 CE, Antinoopolis). If the debtors are multiple, they may be designated \u1f10\u03be \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03b7\u03c2, as is the case in 14 Roman and Byzantine documents, the earliest of which, P.Fam.Tebt. 4.13-19, dates to 94 CE Tebtynis. The creditor stands in the dative, the indirect object of \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9. Explicit mention of the creditor, however, is not indispensable as some texts omit the dative (e.g., P.Col. X 259.12: 146 CE, Ptolemais Euergetis; P.Grenf. I 10.13-14: 174 BCE, Diospolis Magna). The creditor usually appears alone, but recovery by proxy, much more common when used by creditors than by debtors, is anticipated in some documents, most notably in the context of the archive of Dionysios son of Kephalas (Cf., e.g., P.Dion. 16.22-23: 109 BCE, Akoris: \u0394\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03b9 \u1f22 \u03c4\u0323[\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2] | \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u02bc \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6).<\/p>\n

The Ptolemaic technical term for \u2018loan\u2019 is \u03b4\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd, which constitutes the object of the repayment also in the context of the present clause. In cash loans, the \u03b4\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd constitutes the total of the principal (\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd) and the interest (\u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9). This notion finds expression, in particular, in the formulation that occurs, e.g., in PSI X 1131.17-18 (41 CE, Ptolemais Euergetis): \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03b4\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u1f70[\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b2]\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 | 18<\/sup> \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70[\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1] \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u1f31 \u03b4[\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9] (\u2018And let the borrowers repay the aforementioned loan, the nine hundred drachmas of Augustan silver, and the interest\u2019). After the aforementioned change from independent to relative clauses takes place, the loan category is commonly left unmentioned in the return clause<\/strong>. Now one simply reads: \u1f03\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 (e.g., P.Oslo II 39.13-17: 146 CE, Theadelphia). Yet even at this stage the terms \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd and \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 retain their position as the two elements of the loan. Cf., e.g., PSI VIII 964.10-11 (520\/1 or 535\/6 or 550\/1 CE, Oxyrhynchites): \u1f45\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1]\u03bf\u0323\u03bd\u0323 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f78 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd | 11\u00a0<\/sup>[\u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 (\u2018\u2026..which very same interest, and the principal itself I shall per force repay\u2019). The interest is recorded in the return clause only irregularly. In some documents, the object of repayment includes interest (\u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2, \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u1fb3, \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 and later also \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 etc.), while others make special arrangements for the interest: periodic payment of interest and lump-sum repayment of the principal. An interest-free loan is marked as such by use of the adverb \u1f00\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u1f77 (cf., e.g., P.Kron.<\/span><\/strong> 46.17-19: 153 CE, Tebtynis).<\/p>\n

Genus chattel, primarily grain, is recorded in 144 texts that contain the return clause: 62 Ptolemaic, 59 Roman, 17 Late Roman, 6 Byzantine. In the Ptolemaic period, a grain loan is labelled daneion<\/em>. The term \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 is used to denote the interest on such a loan but the principal is not called kephalaion<\/em>; if a generic term is sought, it is sitos<\/em> (compare Cadell (1974): 63-65; Battaglia<\/span> (1989): 39-44; Mayerson (2005<\/span>): 51-62). So in BGU VI 1277.6-8 (215\/4 BCE, Tholthis): \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9 | 7\u00a0<\/sup>\u03a0\u03c1\u03b1\u03be\u1f7c \u0398\u03b5\u03bf\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c3\u1fd6\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u1f10\u03bc \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f76 \u0394\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03b9 | 8<\/sup> [\u03c4\u03bf]\u1fe6\u0323 \u1f10\u0323\u03bd\u0323\u03ac\u0323\u03c4\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c5\u0323 \u1f14\u0323\u03c4\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c5\u0323\u03c2\u0323 [\u1f44\u03bb\u03c5\u03c1]\u03b1\u0323\u03bd\u0323 \u03ba\u0323[\u03b1\u03b8]\u03b1\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u1f70\u0323\u03bd\u0323 [\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f04\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf]\u03bd\u0323 (\u2018Let Praxo repay Theogonos this grain in the month of Dystros, unadulterated and clean olyra\u2019). The Ptolemaic clause is highly detailed: in 44 texts it records the requisite quality of the borrowed commodity, in 36 the metron<\/em> (the standard of measure to be used for the delivery), and in 39 arrangements are made for the shipment, with the place of delivery and the payment of expenses by the debtor specified. Cf., e.g., P.Dion. 18.11-16 (107 BCE, Akoris): \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd] \u03b4\u0323\u1f72 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u1f78\u03bd | 12<\/sup> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd\u0323 \u03c4\u0323\u03cc\u0323\u03ba\u0323[\u03bf\u03bd,] \u03c4\u0323\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c0\u0323\u03ac\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u0323[\u03bf]\u1fe6\u0323 \u1f00\u0323[\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2]\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f11\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd, | 13<\/sup> \u1f00\u0323\u03c0\u0323[\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9 \u0394\u03b9]\u03bf\u0323\u03bd\u0323\u03cd\u0323\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2\u0323 \u0394\u0323\u03b9\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03bd\u0323\u03c5\u03c3\u0323[\u03af\u03c9\u03b9 \u1f22 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u02bc \u03b1\u1f50]\u03c4\u0323[\u03bf]\u1fe6\u0323, | 14<\/sup> \u1f10\u03bc\u0323 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f76\u0323 \u039b\u0323\u03c9\u03af\u03c9\u03b9 \u1f45\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd \u03a0\u0323[\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f40\u03b3\u03b4\u03cc\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2,] | 15<\/sup> \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u1f78\u03bd \u03bd\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u1f78\u03bd \u1f04\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u0323\u03bf\u03bd, \u03bc\u0323[\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03b9 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2] | 16<\/sup> \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u0323\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03ac\u0323[\u03c4\u03c9 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70] | 17<\/sup> \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd\u0323 \u1f08\u0323\u03ba\u0323\u03ce\u03c1\u0323\u03b9\u03bf\u0323\u03c2 \\\u1f45\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\/ \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u1f30\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u0323[\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u00b7 (\u2018The wheat and the interest, the entire one hundred wheat artabae<\/em>, Dionysios shall repay to Dionysios or to his subordinates in the month of Loios, which is the month of Pauni of the eighth year, new, clean and pure wheat, in the measure that conforms to the measure of bronze, and shall transfer it to the harbor opposite the village of Akoris at his own expense\u2019).<\/p>\n

In the Roman period, featuring 59 texts, the loan category (viz., the daneion<\/em> of the Ptolemaic period) is usually left undesignated in the context of the return clause. So it is in the case of P.Oxy. LXIV 4439.8-11 (258\/9 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u0323\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u0323\u03c1\u0323[\u03b9]\u03b8\u0323\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f00[\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac]|9<\/sup>\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2\u0323 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u0323[\u03bb]|10<\/sup>\u03b8\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u2039\u03c5\u203a\u03c2, \u1f05\u2039\u03c3\u203a\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u0323\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd | 11<\/sup> \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c4\u03bb. (\u2018We have received from you five artabae<\/em> of barley out of the produce of the previous year, which we shall repay you \u2026\u2019). The scribe omits most features typical of the Ptolemaic clause: the metron<\/em> is mentioned in only 21 texts, grain quality in just 13, and shipment arrangements in only four. This reduction continues in the late Roman period (17 texts total), where 10 mention the metron, six the quality, and none refer to shipment. In the Byzantine period (6 texts), two documents mention the metron, three mention the quality of the grain, and one includes shipment arrangements. The data recorded in the Ptolemaic clause, however, are not always left untreated. Ten documents from the early Roman period do not address themselves to shipment expressis verbis<\/em> but do record the place of grain delivery, e.g., P.Hamb. I 55.13-15 (241, Ptolemais Euergetis): \u1f03[\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4]\u03ce\u0323\u03c3\u2039\u03b5\u203a\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u0391\u0323\u1f50\u0323\u03c1\u03b7\u03bb\u03af\u1ff3 | 14<\/sup> [\u1f29\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd\u03b5]\u03af\u03bd\u1ff3 \u1f10\u0323[\u03bd \u03bc]\u03b7\u0323\u03bd\u1f76 \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf|15<\/sup>[\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb]\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u1ff3 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u1ff3 (\u2018\u2026 which they shall repay to Aurelios Heroninos in the month of Pauni in the metropolis using the measure of four choinikes<\/em>\u2019). The same documentation method is used in two later Roman documents and three from the Byzantine period.<\/p>\n

The date of repayment may be fixed in advance<\/strong>. This occurs in 341 documents and is the prevailing rule in the Ptolemaic and Roman periods. In this case, some documents specify just the month, in the dative, routinely introduced by the preposition \u1f10\u03bd and always followed by the year in the genitive. In the Byzantine period, the preposition \u1f10\u03bd is sometimes omitted (cf., e.g., P.Sakaon 66: 328, Theadelphia). Specification of exact day, however, is rare. Repayment of these loans at the creditor\u2019s initiative (\u1f41\u03c0\u03b7\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b1 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b1\u1f31\u03c1\u1fc7; \u1f41\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b7) is recorded in 89 documents; it becomes particularly common in Late Antiquity, recorded in 32 documents as opposed to 19 contemporary documents with a fixed date. Repayment within a given time frame\u2014\u1f10\u03bd \u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u1f76\u03bd xx \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 xx \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2, \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2, \u03b5\u1f34\u03c3\u03c9 xx \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bd, \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2 or \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 + day and month\u2014is most frequently recorded in the Roman period (26 cases) but is also attested in later times (13). Repayment in installments (\u1f10\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u1fd6\u03c2) is best recorded in the Roman (15) and Byzantine periods (9). Return on some special occasion (most commonly the harvest, e.g., \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03b4\u1fc6\u03c2) is especially popular in the late Roman (6) and the Byzantine (11) periods.<\/span><\/p>\n

The no-excuse formulation:<\/strong> as early as the second century BCE, the aim of thwarting payment evasion by the debtor is routinely attested in this clause. According to the Ptolemaic evidence, he should pay up \u1f04\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5 \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f51\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (\u2018without court action, investigation, and any type of sophistry\u2019). Greek scribes continue to use the same terms throughout the Roman and Byzantine periods. Altogether, 15 words are used to describe forms of evasion. Some scribes prefer adverbs, of which the most common by far are \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 (\u2018forthwith, without delay\u2019) (156 cases and Litinas \u2013 Triantafyllou<\/span> (2019) 74-76); \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03b2\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03c2 (\u2018without snare\u2019) (17 and op.cit.<\/em>, p. 66), \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c1\u03c1\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 (\u2018without opposition, by consent\u2019) (1 and loc.cit.<\/em>), \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03c2 (1 and loc.cit.<\/em>) (\u2018without dispute\u2019); \u1f00\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 (\u2018without evasion\u2019 and op.cit.<\/em>, p. 85-86). Nouns, however, are amply employed as well. Among these nouns, some note simple delay [most commonly: \u1f51\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2 (138); also, \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u1f75] while others express faulty moral conduct [\u03b5\u1f51\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 (\u2018sophistry\u2019) (66); \u1f00\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7 (\u2018arrogance\u2019 (6); and \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u2018fraudulent or malicious conspiracy\u2019 (9)]. In other cases, the no-evasion formula refers to judicial or semi-judicial measures: \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 (\u2018contradiction\u2019, \u2018controversy\u2019) (54), \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2 (\u2018dispute\u2019) (34), \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03b7 (32) (\u2018court action\u2019), and \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae (\u2018exceptio<\/em>?\u2019). As in the Ptolemaic text, the terms appear in the genitive and are introduced by the prepositions \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f77\u03c2, \u1f04\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5; in the Byzantine period, \u03b4\u03af\u03c7\u03b1 is used.<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Weber (1932): 102-135; Taubenschlag (1955): 344, 350-351; Kastner (1962): 27-30, 38-41; K\u00fchnert (1965): 60-64, 104-105, 132-133, 170-174; Rupprecht (1967): 64-73; Rodr\u00edguez Mart\u00edn (2017): 171-180.<\/span><\/p>\n

akind.<\/strong>: \u1f00\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0allel.:<\/strong> \u1f10\u03be \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03bb\u03b7\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03b7\u03c2 vel sim.<\/em>;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 anhyp.<\/strong>: \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0aor.<\/strong>: aorist tense;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0av.<\/strong>: additional verb;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0epan.<\/strong>: \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 or \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 fixd.<\/strong>: fixed date;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 fut<\/strong>.: future tense;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 initc.<\/strong>: return on the initiative of the creditor;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 install.<\/strong>: installments;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 is.<\/strong>: independent sentence;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0oc.<\/strong>: occasion;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0periph.<\/strong>: periphrastic construction;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0rc.<\/strong>: relative clause<\/p>\n

BGU<\/span> I<\/strong> 69.7-9 (120, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., oc.]; 70.19-22 (131, Dionysias) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 179.11-16, 16-22 (138-161, ArsN) [\u1f21 \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, kephal., tok., fixd.]; 189.9-12 (7, ArsN): [rc., ind.fut.]; 190.b.2.1-3 (81-96, ArsN) [ind.fut., epan., fixd., anhyp.]; 272.7-16 (138\/9, ArsN) [rc., periph., ind.fut., no excuse]; 314.11-16 (630, Herak); 339.13-16 (128, Kar): [periph., ind.fut.]; II<\/strong> 363.14?-16? (IV\/VII, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., initc.]; 365.20 (603, ArsPol); 465.1.10-13 (137, UP): [periph., ind.fut., fixd.]; 472.1.15-19 (139, Kar) [rc., epan., periph., inf.fut., fixd.]; 520.7-8 (172, Kar) [ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 637.1-7 (212, ArsN) [ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; 645.1-12 ll. 7-9 (139\/40, ArsN); 664.5-7 (I, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., allel.]; III<\/strong> 702 + P.Bodl.<\/span><\/strong> I 61a.a.22\u2014b. 2 (151, ArsN) [rc., fut., initc., no excuse]; 713.25-28 (42 SokN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 725.20-25 (618, ArsPol) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., \u1f00\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u1f77, \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03b2\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03c2]; 726.5-10 (IV-VII, ArsN) [periph., fixd., loc., anhyp.]; 729.14-16 (144, Alex) [ind.fut., av.: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9, initc., anhyp.]; 736.12-13 ? (544\/559, ArsPol): [periph.]; 741.22-27 (143, Alex ?) [epan., inf.aor., fixd., interest: monthly]; 751.3-5 (IV\/V, ArsN) [periph., inf.fut., fixd.]; 795.4-5 (VI, Path) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; initc.]; 796.2-3 (VI, Path) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, initc.]; 797.3-5 (VI Path) [rc., ind.fut., initc.]; 800.7-11, 19-23 (158, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 856.15-17 (106, Psenyris) [rc., imp.aor., initc., no excuse]; 857.10-13 (113, UP) [rc., ind.fut., fixd]; 865.3-17 (II, ArsN): [fut., install.]; 910.2.20-23 (70, SokN) [imp.aor., daneion, tok., fixd.]; 911.14-19 (18, SokN) [imp.aor., daneion, fixd.]; 943.9-10 (389, Herak) [periph., ind.fut., initc.]; 989.14-19 (226, Herak) [rc., ind.fut.]; 1005.3-6 (IIIm<\/sup>, ArsN ?) [imp.aor., daneion, fixd., qual., metr.]; 1014.12-16 (138, Teb) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; IV<\/strong> 1052.35-49 ll. 45-49 (14\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 1053.1.19-28 (13a<\/sup><\/span> ,Alex) [rc., inf.fut., fixd., install., no excuse]; 1054.6-8 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., inf.fut., install.]; 1055.10-31 (13A<\/sup><\/span>?, Alex); 1056.11-15 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., fut., tok. (instal.), kephal., fixd.]; 1057.1-17, ll. 9-11 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., inf.fut., within; no excuse]; 1115.25-27 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [inf.fut., no excuse]; 1142.2-11 (25\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., inf.aor., loc., qual., no delay]; 1145.1-25 ll. 9-10 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [kephal., inf.fut., within, no excuse]; 1145.26-45 ll. 34-35 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [kephal., inf.fut., within, no excuse]; 1147.9-14 (14\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., inf.fut., within, tokos (install.), no excuse]; 1151.2.30-34 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., inf.fut., install., no excuse]; 1156.11-17 (15A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., inf.fut., install., \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5[\u03c2] \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u02bc \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u1f21\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd]; 1156v<\/sup><\/span>.27-29 (14\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex); 1161.6-11 (24\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., inf.fut., interest: install., kephal.: fixd., no excuse]; 1162.3-5 (17\/6A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., inf.fut., within, no delay]; 1166 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., inf.fut., within; interest: install., principal: fixd., no excuse]; 1167.37-74 ll. 41-42 (13\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., inf.fut. install.]; 1170.1-23, ll. 6-8 (10A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., inf.fut., \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2, no excuse]; 1172.7-9 (9A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., inf.fut., within, no excuse]; 1175.6-8 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [rc., inf.fut., within, no excuse]; VI<\/strong> 1258.8-9 l. 9; 1258.13; 1258.15-16 l. 16 (all from 154\/3A<\/sup><\/span>\u00a0or 143\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Herm ?); 1272.8 (173A<\/sup><\/span>, Hephaistias) [imp.aor.]; 1274.8-10 (218\/7A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd.]; 1275.11-15 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Sephtha) [imp.aor., qual.; av.: \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9, metr.]; 1276.9-11 (215\/4a<\/sup><\/span> OxN) [imp.aor., daneion, fixd., cash, qual.]; 1277.5-9 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor., qual., fixd., metr., ship.]; 1278.6-9, 19-22 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 1279.8 (IIImA<\/span><\/sup>, UP) [imp.aor., tokon, within]; 1281.4-6 (IIA<\/sup><\/span>, Path?) [grain; ship.]; VII<\/strong> 1649.11-15 (264, Phil) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 1650.10 (218, Phil); 1652.15-24 ? (212, Phil); 1653.14-15 (212, Phil) [rc., ind.fut., initc.]; X<\/strong> 1945.b (214\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN?) [imp.aor., initc., ship.]; 1961.5-7 (213\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor., interest: install., daneion: initc.]; 1968.7-8 (184A<\/sup><\/span>, Ptolemais?) [imp.aor., daneion, fixd.]; 1969.5-6, 16-19 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor., grain, fixd., qual., metr., ship., interest: install.]; 1970.7-8 (213\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor.]; 1972.7-9 (ImA<\/span><\/sup>, HerakN?) [rc., ind.fut.]; XI<\/strong> 2042.13-15 (105 SokN) [rc., inf.fut., initc., no excuse]; 2043.13-16 (150, SokN) [interest (\u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2), inf.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 2044.a.17-21 (46, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 2045.15-18 (215, Thead) [rc., periph., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 2046.7-8 (hyp) (II, Herakleia) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 2116.2-4 (25\/6, ArsN?) [imp.aor., fixd., no excuse]; 2117.6-7 (II, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd]; 2118.9-11 (223, Ox) [ind.fut., kephal., tok., within]; XII<\/strong> 2140.8-14 (432, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., initc.]; 2188.12-18 (526, Herm) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, within, no excuse]; 2197.10-18 (537, Herm) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, fixd., no excuse, qual., ship.]; 2201.6-9 (565, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, no excuse, \u1f00\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u1f77]; 2206.13-15 (591-602, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; XIII<\/strong> 2337.18-23 (46, Nilopolis) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; XIV<\/strong> 2393.10-14 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor., fixd., grain, qual., metr., ship.]; 2395.17-18, 59-61 (221A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd., interest (\u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03c9\u03b9)]; 2396.8-9 (213\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [imp.aor., daneion, fixd.]; XIX<\/strong> 2838.3-7 (V\/VI, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd]; CPR<\/span> I<\/strong> 15.15-17 (149, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 16.20-27 (163, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., interest (\u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2), anhyp.]; 29.16-18 (184, PtolEu) [rc., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; VII<\/strong>\u00a0 40.13-15 (492, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; 41.1-3 (513, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; initc.]; VIII<\/strong> 47.2-7 (IV\/V, ArsN) [rc., epan., ind.fut., metr., no excuse]; XVIIa<\/strong> 5a.5-6 (316, Herm) [ed.: [\u1f00]\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff6\u0323 \u03c4\u1fc7\u0323 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u0323[\u03ba]\u03b5\u0323\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u1fc3\u0323 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u0323\u03bc\u03af[\u1fb3];]; XVIIb<\/strong> 4 ll. 9-15, ll. 11-13 (184\/5, Panop) [\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, anhyp., epan.]; 11.47-53, ll. 50-52 (217\/8 Panop) [rc., ind.fut., fixd]; 13.7-15, ll. 11-12 (217\/8, Panop) [ind.fut., anhyp.]; 13.22-26 l. 24-25 (217\/8, Panop) [rc., ind.fut.]; 14.9-13 l. 13 (217\/8, Panop) [rc., ind.fut.]; 15.10-15, l. 15 (217, Panop) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 23.3-9, ll. 6-7 (217\/8, Panop) [rc., ind.fut.]; 25.1-4 l. 3 [ind.fut.: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, initc.]; 25.5-13 l. 10 (217\/8, Panop) [initc.]; 27.1-8 ll. 6-7 (217\/8, Panop) [anhyp., epan.]; 36.9 (217\/8, Panop) [epan.]; XVIII<\/strong> 14.282-285 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [daneion, tok., imp.aor., within]; 16.332-333 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [ind.fut. (?), daneion, fixd.]; 24.32-33 (232\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [imp.aor., daneion, within]; XIX<\/strong> 10.14-19 (522, HermN) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, initc.]; 33.10-14 (591, ArsPol); 38.14-17 (560\/575, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., fixd.]; 39.10-12 (542\/557, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., initc., no excuse, \u1f10\u03be \u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd]; O.Bodl.<\/span> II<\/strong> 1978.3-5 (25\/6, Thebes?) [rc., ind.fut., grain; qual., metr.]; O.Brux.<\/span><\/strong> 13.5-6 (136\/7 or 157\/8 or 180\/1, Upper Egypt)? [rc., ind.fut., within]; O.Claud.<\/span> III<\/strong> 432.4-7 (137, Mons Claudianus) [rc., ind.fut.]; 536.5-6 (c. 147, Mons Claudianus) [rc., ind.fut.]; 541.5-8 (141, Mons Claudianus) [rc., ind.fut., interest monthly]; 572.6-8 (140, Mons Claudianus) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u1fc3]; 625.9-16 (138-161?, Mons Claudianus) [rc., ind.fut., grain]; O.Did.<\/span><\/strong> 135.6-10 (before 220-250, Didymoi) [rc., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; O.Eleph.Wagner<\/span><\/strong> 371.7-10 (VI, Eleph) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, fixd]; P.Adler<\/span><\/strong> 4.9-11 (109A<\/sup><\/span>, Ptolemais) [rc., ind.fut., within, no excuse]; 6.9-12 (106A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd]; 10.11-13 (101A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd]; 15.7-8 (100A<\/sup><\/span>, Path?) [periph., imp.aor., fixd.]; 19.8-10 (98A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd]; P.Alex.<\/span><\/strong> 7.12-16 (113, Dionysias) [imp.aor., daneion, tokoi, fixd.]; 10.9-11 (69-79, Kar) [rc., ind.fut., no excuse]; 34.1-3 (IV\/V, UP) [\u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f10\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, initc., no excuse]; P.Alex. Inv.Nr.<\/span><\/strong> 119.1-3 (I-IV, UP) [ind.fut.]; 518.9-11 (118 ?, UP) [grain, qual.]; P.Amh.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 43.7-11 (173A<\/sup><\/span>, SokN) [aor.imp., daneion, grain, fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 44.7-10, 26-30 (136A<\/sup><\/span>, Philopator alias Theogenous) [imp.aor., daneion, grain, fixd., qual., ship..]; 46.4-8 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [imp.aor., daneion, grain, fixd., qual., ship.]; 47.6-11 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Path?) [imp.aor., daneion, grain, fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 48.5-11 (106A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [imp.aor., daneion, wine, fixd., ship.]; 49.1-3 (108A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [imp.aor., daneion, fixd.]; 50.12-14 (106A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [imp.aor., daneion, fixd.]; 148.7-10 (487, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut.]; 149.12-14 (VI, Ox) [rc., akind., epan., ind.fut., initc.]; 151.16-17 (610-619\/629-641, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, no excuse]; P.Ant.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 102.8-15 (445, Antin) [anhyp.]; 104.5-6 (VI, Antin) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; initc., no excuse]; P.Athen.<\/span><\/strong> 21.11-13 (131, Kar) [periph., imp.aor., initc.]; 22.15-22 (103\/122, ArsN) [periph., imp.aor., epan., fixd.]; 28.15-19 (86, Thead) [rc., inf.fut.: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd, initc., no excuse] ; P.Athen.Xyla<\/span><\/strong> 12.1-2 (VI, HermN); 17.3-5 (548\/9, HermN?) [rc., ind.fut., oc., no excuse]; 18.4-5 (487\/8, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, within, no excuse]; P.Bad.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 2.13, 28-31 (130A<\/sup><\/span>, Hermonthis) [imp.aor., daneion, tok., fixd.]; 27.2-4 (316, HermN?) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 28.6-7 (331, Herm) [rc. ind.fut.]; P.Bas.<\/span><\/strong> 7.13-15 (117-138, ArsN) [periph., imp.aor., principal + interest, fixd.]; P.Berl.M\u00f6ller<\/span><\/strong> 4.11-20 (3, Phil) [imp.aor., daneion, grain, qual., fixd., metr., ship.]; P.Bingen<\/span><\/strong> 39.6-8 (111A<\/sup><\/span>, Kar) [imp.aor., fixd. qual.]; 40.1-6 (111\/10A<\/sup>,<\/span> Path) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., ship.];<\/span><\/strong> 73.11-15 (138-150, Teb) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; P.Bodl.<\/span> I<\/strong> 42.14-16 (212-216, PtolEu) [rc., inf.fut., epan., fixd., anhyp.]; 61ar<\/sup>.1-2 (151, PtolEu) [no excuse]; 82.11-13 (533, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; \u1f00\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03af; no excuse]; P.Bon.<\/span><\/strong> 25.16-19 (185, Phys) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Brem.<\/span><\/strong> 67.5-10 (44?, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., within, no excuse]; 68.6-7 (99, Herm?) [imp.aor., within, qual.]; P.Brook.<\/span><\/strong> 9.8-10 (IV, Ibion Eikosipentarouron) [rc., inf.fut., epan., fixd]; 10.5-11 (VI, Thebes) [\u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; fixd]; 73.3-5 (IV, Upper Egypt) [rc., ind.fut., interest]; P.Cair.Goodsp.<\/span><\/strong> 8.1.5-7 (111A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [imp.aor., fixd.]; P.Cair.Isid.<\/span><\/strong> 93.18-22 (282, PtolEu) [rc., epan., inf.fut., fixd., interest, anhyp.]; 95.8-10 (310, Kar) [inf.fut., fixd.]; 96.8-9 (310, Kar) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 97.10-11 (308, Kar) [rc., epan., ind.fut., metr., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Cair.Masp.<\/span> II<\/strong> 67125.9-13 (525, Aphr) [\u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; 67126.16-23 (541, Constantinople) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03af \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, allel.]; 67128.20-25 [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, oc., no excuse]; 67129.19-25 (549, Aphr) [\u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; install., no excuse]; 67162.17-23 (568, Antin) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, within]; 67163.17-23 (569, Antin) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, fixd., epikerdia., no excuse]; 67164.5-6 (569, Antin) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; 67251.3-4 (549, Aphr) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; III<\/strong> 67308.3-4 (526, Aphr) [rc., ind.fut., oc.]; 67309.16-20 (569, Antin) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, install., initc., no excuse]; P.Cair.Zen.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 59001.9-11, 35-37 (274\/3a<\/sup><\/span> Pitos) [imp.aor., daneion]; II<\/strong> 59173.9-10, 28-30 (255A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil); P.Charite<\/span><\/strong>\u00a033.6-7 (331\/2 or 346\/7, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 34.7-8 (318 or 348, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Col.<\/span><\/strong> VII<\/strong> 176.7-13 (325, Kar) [rc., epan., inf.fut., fixd., qual., metr., anhyp.]; 178.7-12 (327 Kar,) [rc., epan., inf.fut., fixd., qual. metr., anhyp.]; 178a.7-11 (336, Kar) [rc., epan., inf.fut., fixd., qual., metr., anhyp.]; VIII<\/strong> 243.5-8 (VI, UP) [rc., ind.fut., allel.]; 245.5-18 (VI, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, loc.: \u1f10\u03bd \u03bf\u1f34\u03ba\u1ff3]; X<\/strong> 259.12-14 (146, PtolEu) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 287.9-13 (326, Ox) [rc., grain: qual., metr., epan., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; P.Col<\/strong>.Inv.<\/strong> 46.9-11 (340-410<\/span>, Phil?); <\/span>185.10-12 (345, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; P.Coles<\/span><\/strong> 29.4-7 (V\/VI, Ox?) [rc., akind., ind.fut., interest (\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5), initc., anhyp., no excuse]; P.Coll.Youtie<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 25.22-25 (147, Teb) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 50.2-3 (IIe<\/sup>, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., kephal., tok.]; P.Corn.<\/span><\/strong> 2.9-12 (250\/249A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [ind.fut,, metr., fixd.]; 6.11-14 (17, Oxyrhyncha); [daneion, imp.aor., fixd.]; P.David<\/span><\/strong> 4.5-11 (167A<\/sup><\/span>\/114A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [ind.fut., wine: qual., metr., fixd.]; 10.7-10, 10-15 (522\/3, Ox) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, oc., anhyp., kind.]; P.Dime<\/span><\/strong> III 11GD.14-17 (29, SokN) [imp.aor., fixd.]; 27GD.19-22 (54, SokN) [rc., imp.aor., fixd.]; P.Diog.<\/span><\/strong> 25.7-10 (132, Phil?) [rc., ind.fut., \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2, fixd., anhyp.]; 27.9-11 (213, Phil) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 30.11-15 (222-235, Phil?) [rc., epan., ind.fut., allel., fixd., metr.]; P.Dion.<\/span><\/strong> 13.16-22 (112A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [imp.aor., fixd., grain: qual., metr., ship.]; 14.18-23 (110A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [imp.aor., fixd., grain: qual., metr., ship., no excuse]; 15.17-21 (109A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [imp.aor., fixd., grain: qual., metr., ship., no excuse]; 16.21-26 (109A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [imp.aor., fixd., grain: qual., metr., ship., no excuse]; 17.20-26 (108A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [imp.aor., fixd., grain: qual., metr., ship., no excuse]; 18.11-17 (107A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [imp.aor., fixd., grain: qual., metr., ship., no excuse]; 19.14-20 (105A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [imp.aor., fixd., grain: qual., metr., ship., no excuse]; 20.16-22 (105A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [imp.aor., fixd., grain: qual., metr., ship., no excuse]; 21.16-20 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [imp.aor., fixd., grain: qual., metr., ship.]; 22.15-19 (111A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [imp.aor., fixd., grain: qual., metr., ship.]; 23.9-19 (108A<\/sup><\/span>, Herm) [imp.aor., fixd., grain, qual., metr., ship.]; 24.11-20 (106A<\/sup><\/span>, Herm) [imp.aor., fixd., grain, qual., metr., ship., no excuse]; 25.16-26 (104A<\/sup><\/span>, Herm) [imp.aor., fixd., grain, qual., metr., ship., no excuse]; 26.10-15 (116A<\/sup><\/span>, Herm) [imp.aor., fixd., grain, qual., metr., ship.]; 27.10-15 (113\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Herm) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9; fixd; grain: quality; metr.; shipment; atok.]; 32.8-14 (107A<\/sup><\/span>, HermN) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c9; fixd; grain: qual.; metr.; ship.]; 33.3-10 (IIA<\/sup><\/span>, HermN) [ind.fut., fixd., grain, qual.; metr.; ship.; no excuse] ; P.Dura<\/span><\/strong> 21.1-2 (IIf<\/sup>, Dura-Europos) [ind.fut.]; 22.7-9 (133\/4, Dura Europos) [ind.fut., fixd.]; P.Edfou<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 3.12-15 (619, Apol) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, interest (\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd), no excuse, within, kind.]; 4.9-13 (627 Apol) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; install.; atoka; no excuse]; P.Eirene<\/span> III<\/strong> 9.13-16 (I\/II, ArsN) [rc. Periph. imp.aor., fixd.]; P.Erl.<\/span><\/strong> 60.3 (II, UP) [ind.fut.]; 61.8 (II, ArsN) [rc.]; 67.14-17 (591, Herak) [rc., epan., ind.fut., av.: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, anhyp., no excuse, \u1f00\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u1f77]; 68.2-3 (VII, Herak) [rc., ind.fut.]; P.Fam.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> 2.12-16 (92, Teb) [ind.fut., epan., initc., no excuse]; 4.13-19 (94, Teb) [inf.fut., allel., epan., fixd., loc., no excuse] ; 6.15-21 (98\/9, Teb) [epan., ind.fut., fixd; obj.+int.]; 16.12-16 (116, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 22.11-15 (122, Teb) [epan., inf.fut., cap.+inter., no excuse]; P.Fay.<\/span><\/strong> 90.12-18 (234, PtolEu) [epan., inf.fut., fixd., loc., metr., anhyp.]; 155.10-11 (136, Bac); 205.8-11 (138-161, Bac) [periph., inf.aor., anhyp.]; P.Flor.<\/span><\/strong> I 1.5-6 (153, Herm) [daneion, cash, imp.aor., parach., qual.]; 28.4-5 (179, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 30.14-19 (362, Pisais) [periph., epan., fixd., metr., anhyp.]; 44.26-27 (158, PtolEu)?; 46.14-18 (183, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., interest, install., anhyp.]; 51.7-10 ll. 9-10 (138-161, ArsN) [ind.fut., av.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd.]; 62.1 (204, UP) [anhyp.]; 70.10-13 (VII, Herm) [rc., \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, no excuse, kindyn.]; 72.7-14 (128\/9, HermN) [ind.fut., av.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9; fixd.]; 81.9-10 (103, Herm) [imp.aor., fixd., cash, qual.]; 82.4-10 (82\/3, HermN) [rc., av.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., metr., ship., no excuse]; 94.10-14 (491, Herm) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., qual., no excuse]; III<\/strong> 280.14-22 (514, Aphr) [rc., ind.fut., oc., metr., ship., no excuse]; 300.10-16 (597, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., initc., no excuse, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; 313.9-14 (449, Epokion Iliou) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; 316.15-17 (II, Phil) [imp.aor., kephal., grain, metr., fixd]; 343.5-9 (V, Herm) [\u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; P.Fouad<\/span><\/strong> I 44.18-19 (44, Ox) [inf.fut., daneion, atok.]; 45.5-8 (153, Alex) [ed.: quos et red\u0323d\u0323a\u0323m\u0323 stipendio [proximo]; cum usuris legitimis; sine controuersia]; 47.12-17 (47, ArsN) [imp.aor., daneion, tok., fixd.]; 49.8-14 (100, Teb) [epan., inf.fut., kephal., fixd., qual., no delay]; 50.8-10 (Iend<\/sup>, Teb?) [epan., inf.fut.]; 51.15-24 (126, Teb) [epan., inf.fut., kephal., tok., fixd., no excuse]; 52.11-14 (after 1\/3\/272, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Freib.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 12b.3-6 (172-162A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [daneion, tok., imp.aor., fixd.] ; 36.9-11 (179\/8A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [imp.aor., within]; P.Gen.<\/span><\/strong> I 8bis.8-14 (140\/1, Dionysias) [lachanospermon, imp.aor., fixd., anhyp.]; 9.1.10-11 (252, Phebichis) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 9.2.10-14 (252, Phebichis) [ind.fut., anhyp.]; 24.16-19 (96, Apias) [imp.aor., fixd.]; 43.10-12 (227, PtolEu) [rc., ind.fut., \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, fixd., grain and cash; metr.; loc.]; II<\/strong> 106.7-9 (153\/4, UP) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; IV<\/strong> 192.15-19 (532, HerakN) [periph., ind.fut.. fixd., anhyp., \u1f10\u03be \u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd]; 194.17-21 (556, ArsPol) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., \u1f10\u03be \u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd]; 196.1-3 (VIIs<\/sup>, UP); P.Genov.<\/span><\/strong> I 36.5-7 (VI\/VII, UP) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, \u1f00\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u1f77, fixd.; no excuse]; 62.16-19 (98, Ox) [ind.fut., no excuse]; P.Grenf.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 10.13-15 (174A<\/sup><\/span>, Diospolis Magna) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd., qual., akind., metr., ship.]; 18.13-19 (131A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 20.9-11 (127A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd.]; 23.7-14 (117A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd., qual., ship.]; 28.1-4 (108A<\/sup><\/span>, Krok) [qual., metr., ship.]; 29.6-9 (105A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd.]; 31.2-9 (101\/0A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd., qual., ship.]; II<\/strong> 18.10-13 (127A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 21.9-12 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd.]; 24.9-15 (105A<\/sup><\/span>, Krok) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u1f79\u03bd]; 27.8-10 (103A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd.]; 29.11-19 (102A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 72.7-8 (308, Kysis) [rc., ind.fut., interest]; 89.4-5 (510\/525, Apol) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, initc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd]; 90.10-18 (VI, Apol) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; initc.; \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2; wine: qual.; metr.; no excuse; kind.]; P.Hamb.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 2.11-16 (59, Babylon, Heliopolites) [rc., fut., fixd., atok., qual., akind.]; 30.24-28 (89, Phil) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd, imp.aor.]; 32.9-12 (120, Kerkeuris) [rc., ind.fut., within, no excuse]; 55.13-15 (241, PtolEu) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr.]; II 183.6-9 (251A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [rc., ind.fut., hemiolia]; 232.1-2 (VI, Aphr) ?; III<\/strong> 233.13 (531, Aphr) [\u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; IV<\/strong> 266.11 (507, HermN) (second fragment) [rc., ind.fut., \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u1fb3]; P.Harr.<\/span><\/strong> I 84.6-10 (I?, UP) [av.: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, kephalaion, interest, initc., anhyp.]; 85.12-16 (117, Ox) [ind.fut., tok., periodically; \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03bc\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd; kephal., fixd.]; 86.9-11 (444, OxN) [av.: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, kephal., interest, anhyp.]; 88.23-28 (V, UP) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 145.1-2 (363\/4, OxN) [anhyp, no excuse]; P.Heid.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 239.2.7-12 (163, PtolEu) [ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; X 448.11-14 (125\/6, Ankyron) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; P.Herm.<\/span><\/strong> 65.12-13 (553\/4, HermN) [rc., akind., epan., ind.fut., loc., initc.]; P.Hib.<\/span> I<\/strong> 86.17-21 (248A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [av.: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, kephal., interest, anhyp.]; 88.9-12 (263A<\/sup><\/span>, HerakN?) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 124.17 (c. 250A<\/sup>,<\/span> OxN) [ind.fut., \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf]; II<\/strong> 210.8-11 (c. 250A<\/sup><\/span>-240A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [imp.aor., grain, qual., fixd., metr.]; P.Horak<\/span><\/strong> 23.4-6, 14 (148\/9?, ArsN) [imp.aor.]; \u00a0P.Iand.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 44.3-7 (VI\/VII, UP) [rc., akind., epan., ind.fut., loc., initc., kind.]; 48.18-23 (582, Ox) [rc., akind., epan., ind.fut., initc., anhyp., kind.]; IV<\/strong> 60.1-4 (III\/IV, UP) [ind.fut., av.: \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9; initc.; anhyp.]; P.Ifao<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 12.1-2 (197, Ox); 14.7-10 (140, Ox) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 25.10-16 (98-102, Teb) [epan., inf.fut.]; 28.9-11 (II, UP); III<\/strong> 1.7-9 [ind.fut.]; P.Jena<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 17.14-20 (515?, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; install.; \u1f00\u0323\u03c4\u0323[\u03bf\u03ba\u1f76]; anhyp.; no excuse]; P.Kell.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 18.8-10 (c. 350, Kellis) [\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9; fixd.]; 40.12-17 (306\/7, Kellis) [ind.fut., av.: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9; initc., anhyp., no excuse]; 42.20-25 (364, Kellis) [initc.; \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, interest, no excuse, \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03c2]; 43.13-15 (374\/387, Kellis) [rc., ind.fut., no excuse, initc.]; 44.15-16 (382 Kellis) [oc., ind.fut., metr.]; 45.10-17 (386, Kellis) [\u1fa7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1fc6\u03c2, fixd., no excuse]; 47.8-12 (IV?, Kellis); 49.8-10 (304, Kellis) [ind.fut., \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7]; P.K\u00f6ln<\/span> III<\/strong> 151.15-26 (423 KynopN) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9: fixd., two installments]; 153.6-7 (after 524, Antin) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; fixd.; \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03b2\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03c2]; 154.6-10 (VI, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u1ff6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9, fixd., no excuse]; 158.22-26 (599, Herak) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; V<\/strong> 218.10-11 (215\/4a<\/sup><\/span> UP) [imp.aor., kephal., fixd.]; 220.17-20 (208A<\/sup><\/span>\/191A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN) [rc., av.: \u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9; fixd.]; VIII<\/strong> 350.29-35 (143A<\/sup><\/span>, Krok) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; XIII 519.4-6 (158A<\/sup><\/span>, HerakN); XIV<\/strong> 583.14-17 (Vf<\/sup>, OxN) [kephal., akind., epan., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 585.2-4 (461\/2, HerakN);; XV<\/strong> 611.3-7 (before 8A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [imp.aor., fixd., no delay]; 614.16-17 (138-160, Stratonos) [rc., ind.fut., initc., \u1f00\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2]; 630.11-15 (Vs<\/sup>?, Antin) [ind.fut., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf[<\/span>|\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u0323\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1[\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, no excuse]; XVI<\/strong> 642.11-13 (256A<\/sup><\/span>, HerakN?) [tok.: imp.praes., daneion: initc. (notice)];\u00a0P.Kramer<\/span><\/strong> 13.5-8 (c. 546, ArsPol?) [rc., ind.fut.]; P.Kron.<\/span><\/strong> 7.13-15 (106, Teb) [rc., ind.fut.]; 8.14-15 (109, Teb) [rc., periph.]; 9.13-18 (111, Teb) [epan., inf.fut., no excuse]; 15.1-7 (116\/7 or 135\/6, Teb) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 16.3-22 (138, Teb) [epan., inf.fut., with interest, fixd., no excuse]; 17.16-18 (140, Teb) [periph, ind.fut., epan., fixd., anhyp.]; 22.8-11 (II, Teb) [periph, ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 23.2?-7 (II, Teb); P.Laur.<\/span> III<\/strong> 75.19-27 (574, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03c9\u03bd, fixd., anhyp., kind.]; P.Leid.Inst.<\/span><\/strong> 17 side II a ll. 10-11 (IVm<\/sup>, UP) [rc., ind.fut., \u03c7\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, monthly, anhyp.]; 25.9-10 (95\/6, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 26.7-9 (I, UP) [rc., ind.fut., initc.]; 66.8-10 (427, Ox) [rc., akind., epan., ind.fut., initc., anhyp.]; P.Lips.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 10.1.5-2.11, ll. 1.9-11 (178, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., within, anhyp.]; 11.3-5 (247, Herm ?) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 12.16-18 (III\/IV, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., install.]; 13.17-18 (364, Herm) [ind.fut., initc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; II<\/strong> 128.11-17 (19A<\/sup><\/span>, Talithis) [imp.aor., grain, qual., metr., ship.]; 135.7-11 (98\/9, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., surety, no excuse]; P.Lond.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 113.6c.27-35 (620 or 635, ArsPol) [periph., ind.fut., oc., loc., \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03b2\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03c2]; II<\/strong> 218.4-8 (111A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., qual., ship., metr.]; 225.6-13 (118A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [daneion, imp.aor., grain, qual., ship.]; 277.10-13 (23, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 298.14-22 (124, PtolEu) [epan., inf.fut., initc., no excuse]; 308.14-17 (145, Herakleia) [periph., imp.aor., fixd., anhyp.]; 310.14-16 (146, Pelousion) [rc., inf.fut., initc., no excuse]; 311.8-10 (149, Herakleia) [periph., imp.aor., fixd., anhyp.]; 336.18-20 (167, PtolEu) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; III<\/strong> 870.5-6 (IV, Panop) [ind.fut., initc., anhyp., epan.]; 939.10-13 (225, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 943.7-9 (227, Herm) [rc., av.: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, initc., anhyp.]; 975.11-14 (314, UP) [av.: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, metr., fixd., anhyp.]; 976.1-7 (315, UP) [rc., ind.fut., av.: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, fixd., anhyp., qual., metr., place]; 1037.10-12 (VI, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; oc.] 1168.10-11 (44, Herm) [imp.aor., parach.]; 1203.4-5 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [opheilema, imp.aor., fixd.]; 1243.11-13 (281m<\/sup>, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 1273.5-9 (28\/9, UP) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., initc.]; 1319.11-12 (544, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; V<\/strong> 1661.14-19 (553, Aphr); <\/span>1687.11-14 (523, Aphr) [rc., ind.fut., oc., no excuse]; 1716.1-5 (570, Antin) ; 1736.12-18 (611, Sy) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, initc., metr., kind., no excuse]; 1737.10-13 (613, Sy) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, initc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2; no excuse]; 1766.10-13 (559, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, fixd., \u1f00\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u1f77, anhyp., no excuse]; 1772.15-21 (VI, HermN); VII<\/strong> 1986.7-8 (252A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [<\/span>imp.aor., daneion, initc.]; P.Louvre<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 16.4-6 (41-54, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; 17.12-15 (II, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; 18.13-15 (141, SokN) [ind.fut., kephal., tok., fixd., anhyp.]; 19.13-15 (216, PtolEu) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; II<\/strong> 110.11-13 (139-160, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., allel., initc., no excuse]; P.Mert.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 6.17-22 (77A<\/sup><\/span>, Nestou Epoikion) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd., qual., ship.] ; 25.9-12 (214, OxN) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 36.10-14 (360, Ox) [rc., qual., epan., ind.fut., fixd.]; 37.8-10 (373, PtolE) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., metr.]; II<\/strong> 67.15-20 (130, PtolEu) [rc., ind.fut., allel., initc., no excuse]; 78.11-14 (131, Herak) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; III<\/strong> 110r<\/sup>.17-21 (154, Teb) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 188.17-18 (120, Bac) [imp.aor., exp., pistis]; 189.19-20 (123, Bac) [imp.aor., exp., pistis]; 191.22-24 [with no. 192] (60, Ox) [epan., inf.aor., atok., initc.-within]; V<\/strong> 241.15-23 ll. 22-23 (46, Teb); 241.39-45, ll. 42-44 (46, Teb); 328.2.13-16 (29\/30, Teb) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 329.12-22, ll. 19-22 (40\/41, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 331.1-2 (41, ArsN) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03c9, no excuse]; 332.25-28 (47\/8, Teb) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 333.19-30, ll. 25-28 (52, Teb) [daneion, cash, imp.aor., fixd.]; 335.2.14-16 (c. 56, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 336.4-5 (27, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; IX<\/strong> 566.1-7 (86, Hiera Nesos) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 567.16-18 (78, Kar) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 568.3-21 (90, PtolEu) [epan., inf.fut., fixd.]; 570.14 (105\/6, Kar) [ind.fut.]; 571.10-12 (96, Kar) [rc., ind.fut.]; 573.11-13 (316, Kar) [rc., epan., allel., fixd., no excuse]; X<\/strong> 585.20-23 (87, Bac) [imp.aor.]; 587.34-35 (24\/5, Teb) [imp.aor.]; XI<\/strong> 606.8-12 (224, Thead) [epan., inf.fut., kephal., atok., fixd., anhyp.]; 607.17-24 (569, Antin) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; initc.; no excuse]; 614.19-20 (c. 258\/9, Ox) [no excuse]; XII<\/strong> 635.19-20 (71, Bac) [imp.aor.]; XIII<\/strong> 669.9-15 (529\/544, Aphr) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, initc., interst, no excuse]; XV<\/strong> 728.3-5 (IV\/V UP) [rc., epan., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; XVIII<\/strong> 771.14-23 (195A<\/sup><\/span>, Oxyrhyncha) [ac., ind.fut., oc.]; 792.18-20 (221, Ox) [inf.fut.]; P.Mich.Inv.<\/span><\/strong> 1354.16-19 (289, PtolEu); 4346+4446f l. 20 (15\/17, Thead?);\u00a0P.Michael.<\/span><\/strong> 9.a.9-12 (c. 92, OxN) [rc., epan., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, fixd., no excuse]; 35 b.4-10, 10-13 (VI\/VII?, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, grain, metr.; fixd., ship.]; 44.15-16 (527, Aphr) [ind.fut., oc.]; P.Mil.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 56.12-14 (V, OxN) [no excuse; epan.]; 57.11-14 (74, Thead) [rc., inf.fut. fixd., no excuse]; 58.6-10 (IIend<\/sup>\/IIIb<\/sup>) [ic., epan., ind.fut., kephal., tok., anhyp.]; II<\/strong> 49.9-10 l. 10 (I, ArsN); P.Mil.Vogl.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 68.15-17 (154, Teb) [rc., periph., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 108.6-10 (103, Teb) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; IV<\/strong> 243.7-12 (263, UP) [rc., ind.fut., install.]; P.Monts.Roca<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 78.18-19 (49-54, Ox) [ed.: \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u0323[\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, imp.aor.]; 83.3 (III\/IV, Ox); 86.3 (VIII, UP) [fixd.]; P.M\u00fcnch.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 3.16-22 (580, Sy); III<\/strong> 94.9-12 (98-102, PtolEu) [daneion, cash, tok., imp.aor., fixd.]; 96.20-22 (158, PtolEu) [rc., ind.fut., allel., anhyp.]; 97.14-16 (161-180 SokN) [periph., imp.aor. fixd.]; 98.23-27 (593\/4, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, fixd., \u1f00\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u1f77, anhyp.]; P.NagHamm.<\/span><\/strong> 63.1-4 (341, Diospolis Parva?) [metr., hemiolia, no excuse]; 64.10-14 (346, Diospolis Parva) [rc., ind.fut., oc., metr., no excuse]; P.Naqlun<\/span> II<\/strong> 22.15-17 (623, Eleusine\/Naqlun) [ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Narm.2006<\/span><\/strong> 2.15-18 (40?, Narmouthis) [ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; P.Neph.<\/span><\/strong> 32.10-11 (344, HerakN) [no excuse, anhyp.]; P.NYU<\/strong> I<\/strong> 22.9-14 (329, Kar) [rc., epan., ind.fut., surety, metr., qual.]; 23.9-12 (326\/7, Kar) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., qual., anhyp.]; 24.6-10 (373, Kar) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., qual., anhyp.]; II<\/strong> 23.8-10 (326, Kar) [periph, ind.fut., fixd.]; 24.7-8 (III, Phil) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., qual., anhyp.]; 25.10-13?, 27-31 (294?, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Oslo<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 37.10-13 (295, Phil) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 39.13-17 (146, Thead) [rc., inf.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 40a.6-8 (150, Ox) [ind.fut., \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2, fixd; no excuse]; 40b.33-35 (150, Ox) [ind.fut., kephal., fixd., tok., monthly]; 41.12-18 (331, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., within, no excuse]; III<\/strong> 131.25-29 (118, Thead) [periph., imp.aor., fixd.]; 132.11-14 (147-156, Thead?) [rc., inf.fut., fixd.]; P.Oxf.<\/span><\/strong> 10.26-27 (98-117, Thead) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd, imp.aor.]; P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 267.1-34 ll. 10-13 (37, Ox) [ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 269.1.5-8 (57, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; III<\/strong> 506.13-19 (143, Ox) [imp.aor. tok., annually, kephal., fixd., no excuse]; 507.12-17 (146, Ox) [ind.fut., kephal., \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2]; 511.8-11 (103, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., loc., anhyp.]; IV<\/strong> 836.7-16 (Before 66\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, or 15\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., loc., qual., metr., ship.]; VI<\/strong> 914.6-11 (486, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., fixd.]; 988r<\/sup>.1.1-13, 2.25-35 (224, Ox) [ind.fut., kephal., \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2, fixd., qual., no excuse]; VII<\/strong> 1039.9-11 (210, Ox) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, no excuse, initc.]; 1040.12-20 (225, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., allel., fixd., qual., metr.]; 1041.13-17 (381, Ox) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9, fixd.]; 1042.26-28 (578, Ox\/Justinopolis) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, initc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5, anhyp.]; VIII<\/strong> 1130.15-20 (unique) (484, Senokomis) [epan., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; X<\/strong> 1281.7-11 (21, Sinary) [ind.fut.]; XII<\/strong> 1471.17-22 (81, Ox) [kephal., ind.fut., within, anhyp.]; 1474.11-22 ll. 14-17(216, OxN) [ind.fut., \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f76\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5, fixd., loc., metr., no excuse]; XIV<\/strong> 1640.2.1-5 (252, Ox) [ind.fut., fixd., qual., metr., anhyp.]; 1641.9-11 (68, Ox) [ind.fut.]; 1711.9-12 (IIIl<\/sup>, Ox) [rc., epan., inf.fut., within, no excuse]; 1713.9-18 (unique) (279, Ox) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, initc.]; 1714.8-9 (285-304?, Ox) [rc., epan.]; XVI<\/strong> 1891.10-15 (495, Ox) [rc., princ.+inter., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp., no excuse]; 1892.16-25 (581, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, install., \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03c2]; 1970.22-28 (554, Ox) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9; fixd.-oc., anhyp.]; 1973.12-15 (420, Ox);<\/span> [rc., akind., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 1974.17-18 (538, Ox) [ed.: \u03ba[\u03b1\u1f76] \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 | [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1]\u03af [\u03c3]\u03bf[\u03b9], fixd.]; 1976.18-21 (582, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, oc., \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9]; 1977.5-8 (VI, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, oc., place (\u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f01\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u1fb3), no excuse];\u00a0<\/strong>XVII<\/strong> 2134.18-20 (170, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; XIX<\/strong> 2237.10-12 (498, Ox) [rc., akind., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; XXII<\/strong> 2350.1.10-21, 3.8-13 (224, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., within, \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f76\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5]; XXXIII<\/strong> 2677.5-6 (II, OxN?) [rc., ind.fut., initc., anhyp.]; XXXIV<\/strong> 2722.13-16 (154, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., fixd., \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd, monthly, kephal., no excuse]; XXXVI<\/strong> 2773.16-19 (82, Ox) [ind.fut., no excuse]; 2774.11-14 (129, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no delay]; 2775.18-23 (IIIl<\/sup>, Ox): [rc., ind.fut., fixd., loc., qual., metr.]; XLII<\/strong> 3049a.12-14, b.15-17 (247, Ox) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd]; XLIII<\/strong> 3146.11-17 (347, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., oc.]; XLIV<\/strong> 3198.13 (145\/6 or 170\/1, Ox); XLV<\/strong> 3266.12-16 (337, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; XLVII<\/strong> 3351.6-9 (34, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; XLIX<\/strong> 3485.9-13\u00a0 (38, Ox) [ic., imp.aor.]; LXIX<\/strong> 3493.6-9, 20-24 (175, Ox) [\u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u1f22 \u03bf\u1f37\u03c2 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b1\u1f31\u03c1\u1fc7, initc., anhyp.]; 3494.7-11, 26-31 (175, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, initc., qual., metr., loc., anhyp.]; L<\/strong> 3599.12-17 (460, OxN) [rc., akind., epan., ind.fut., allel., oc., no excuse]; LXI<\/strong> 4117.7-10 (240, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., metr., \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f76\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5]; 4124.12-14 (318, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., \u1f04\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5, no excuse]; 4125.20-23 (322, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., within, no excuse]; LXIII<\/strong> 4394.102-104, 112-123 (494, Alex) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd, anhyp., no excuse]; 4395.49-64 (499, Ox) [epan., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, surety, initc., anhyp., no excuse]; 4398.24-29 (553, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, qual., metr., epan., ind.fut., interest (\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5), fixd., kind.]; LXIV<\/strong> 4439.10-19 (258\/9, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., interest (\u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2), fixd., loc., qual.]; LXVI<\/strong> 4532.9-12 (85, Ox) [rc., imp.aor., fixd., no excuse]; 4535.30-34 (600, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, initc., anhyp., kind.]; LXVIII<\/strong> 4690.7-8 (442, Ox) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, ind.fut., epan., qual.]; LXXI<\/strong> 4826.8-10 (168\/9, Philonikou) [rc., av.: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp.]; 4828.1.14-17, 2.13-15 (195, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 4829.1.15-22? (IIIl<\/sup>, Ox) [rc., \u1f67\u03bd \u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03bf\u0323\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9]; 4831.14-20 (429, Ox) [ind.fut., kephal., interest (diaphoron), fixd., anhyp.]; 4835.15-19 (574, Ox) [fixd., no excuse]; LXXII<\/strong> 4897.10-14 (391, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 4904.9-10 (417, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 4907.9-12 (422, HerakN?) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp., no excuse]; 4930.16-20 (614, Ox) [\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, anhyp.]; LXXV<\/strong> 5052.6-22 (86\/7, Ox) [earlier debt: inf.fut., fixd., princ.+interest, no delay]; 5070.11-15 (605\/6 or 620\/1, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, oc., anhyp.]; LXXVII<\/strong> 5109.18-37 (c. 161\/2, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp., loc., qual., metr., ship., no excuse]; 5122.12-20 (552, Ox) [rc., akind., epan., ind.fut., install., anhyp.]; 5124.18-23 (579-595, Ox) [ind.fut., initc.]; LXXVIII<\/strong> 5173.7-10 (25\/6, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no delay]; LXXIX<\/strong> 5211.1.11-13 (303, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., within, no excuse]; P.Oxy.Hels.<\/span><\/strong> 30.9-14 (77, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; 31.8-10 (86, Ox) [rc., imp.aor., fixd.]; 36.3-5 (167, Ox) [ind.fut., tok., monthly, kephal., fixd., no excuse]; 43.14-21 (III, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., install.]; P.Panop.<\/span><\/strong> 21.8-11 (315, Panop) [rc., fut,ind., fixd., \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f76\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5, no excuse]; P.Petaus<\/span><\/strong> 31.6-10 (183\/4, Kar) [rc., ind.fut., allel., fixd., anhyp.]; 32.4-5 (184\/5, UP) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; P.Petr.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 55a.10-11 (235\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Krok?) [imp.aor., daneion, within]; P.Pintaudi<\/span><\/strong> 33.12-14 (IVl<\/sup>, Antin); [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, initc., no excuse]; P.Prag.<\/span> I<\/strong> 31.12-14 (148, Herakleia) [rc., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; 32.14-16 (157, Herakleia) [periph., imp.aor.]; II<\/strong> 165.1-4 (VI, ArsPol) [ind.fut.]; 166.1-4 (VI\/VII, ArsPol) [rc., ind.fut., metr., \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03b2\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03c2]; 167.10-12 (580 or 595, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., initc.]; 169.2-10 (VI, ArsN?); III<\/strong> 218.6-9 (c. 610\/1?, Ars\u039d) [periph., ind.fut., metr.]; P.Princ.<\/span> II<\/strong> 32.10-13 (99\/100, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 33.15-19 (126, UP) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 87.20-21 (612, Ox) [rc., \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9]; III<\/strong> 142.8-12 (I\/II, Teb ?) [epan., inf.fut., kephal., tok., fixd.]; 145.1-9 (VI, UP) [\u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, anhyp., kind.]; P.Rain.Cent.<\/span><\/strong> 86.16 (381, HerakN) [rc., ind.fut.]; P.Rein.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 105.6-7 (432, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., kephal., tok., fixd.]; 106.9-12 (51, Euh) [imp.aor., fixd., no excuse]; P.Ross.Georg.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 36b.12-14 (c. 130-150, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., kephal., tok., fixd.]; III<\/strong> 53.11-13 (674\/5, ArsPol) [ind.fut., initc., kind.]; V<\/strong> 35.1-2 (VI, Aphr) [ind.fut., allel.]; P.Ryl.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 160c.2.21-23 (32, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 160d.2.13-16 (42, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 173.4-5 (134, UP) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.,]; 173a.13-18 (99, Teb) [epan., inf.fut., princ.+interest, fixd., no delay]; 175.19-23 (168, Thead) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 177.5-7 (246, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., allel.]; IV<\/strong> 586.15-20 (99A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [imp.aor., princ.+interest, fixd.]; 587.15-17 (87A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [daneion, tok., imp.aor., fixd.]; 602.7-9 (25A<\/sup><\/span>, Kar) [daneion, tok., imp.aor., fixd.]; 662.13-14 (364, Antin) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, initc., no excuse]; P.Sakaon<\/span><\/strong> 49.14-15 (314, Thead) [rc., ind.fut., oc.]; 64.9-11 (307, Thead) [epan., periph., ind.fut., kephal., fixd., anhyp.]; 65.11-12 (328, Thead) [periph., ind.fut., anhyp., within]; 66.8-10 (328, Thead) [epan., periph., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 96.10-14 (303, Thraso) [epan., inf.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Sarap.<\/span><\/strong> 13.8-11 (102, MagdMir) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 14.7-10 (103, MagdMir) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 16.3-6 (105\/6, HermN) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., metr., no excuse]; 17.5-8 (114, MagdMir) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 19.7-10 (118, MagdMir) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; P.Sch\u00f8yen<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 32.13 (532, Seryphis) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; P.Select.<\/span><\/strong> 1.9-10 (454, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd.] 3.15-18 (155, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., no delay]; 7.7-9 (314, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., within, no excuse]; P.Sorb.<\/span> I<\/strong> 17.9-13 (scr.int.), 10-14 (scr.ext.) (257A<\/sup><\/span>, Mermertha) [imp.aor., grain, qual., metr., ship., fixd.]; P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 13.11-15? (138-161, Herakleia) [periph., imp.aor., no excuse, within]; 52.6-9 (151, Herm) [daneion, princ.+interest, imp.aor., fixd., qual.]; 54.11-13 (153\/4, Ox); [ind.fut.: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, metr., initc.]; II<\/strong> 92.12-15 (244\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [imp.aor., exp.]; III<\/strong> 143.16-19 (211, UP) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 147.8-12 (54-68, HermN?) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; IV<\/strong> 204.21-24 (161-169, PtolEu) [rc., ind.fut., allel., fixd.]; 209.14-18 (152, Dionysias) [rc., ind.fut., allel., fixd., no excuse]; 225.25-33, ll. 30-32 (II, ArsN) [rc., imp.aor., fixd.]; 230.15-18 (143\/4, Phil) [rc., imp.aor., fixd.]; 256.6-10 (132, Selilais) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 278.10 (316, UP) [periph.]; 289.1-3 (48, UP); 293.13-16 (138-161, Berenikis Aigialou) [allel., daneion, kephal., tok., imp.aor., fixd.]; V<\/strong> 303.1-2 (161-169, UP) [rc., ind.fut.]; 344.1-4, 11-13 (hyp.) (II, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., install.]; 374.8-13 (II, UP) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., qual., metr., no excuse]; 382.4-8 (94, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 383.10-12 (147-155, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 437.12-16 (121, Bac) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; VI<\/strong> 525.10-12 (98-117, Bac) [periph., fixd.]; 588.1-10 (II, OxN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., loc., gain, qual, \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5, no excuse]; VII<\/strong> 620v<\/sup>.2-12 (V, UP) [fixd., no excuse]; 636.5-6 (III, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 646.9-10 (117-138, ArsN); 659.4-5 (VI, ArsPol); 663.3-5 (57\/8, Herm) [rc., ind.fut.]; 698.1-9 (VI, UP) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, within, interest, no excuse]; VIII<\/strong> 732.5-7 (228\/9, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., within, anhyp.]; 746.13-15 (hyp.) (II, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 748.1-3 (III UP) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 776.2-4 (IV, HermN ?) [fixd., anhyp.]; 799.2-5 (VI, Herm) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9]; IX<\/strong> 817.11-13 (IV Herm ?) [fixd., anhyp.]; 826a.al.5 (96-98, SokN) [periph., inf.fut., fixd.]; 835.5-7 (136\/7 or 157\/8 or 180\/1, ArsN) [periph., anhyp.]; P.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 312.12-18 (123\/4, Teb) [epan., inf.fut.]; 384.7-11, 25-32 (10, Teb) [ind.fut., oc.]; 386.19 (12A<\/sup><\/span>, Hiera Nesos) [rc., ind.fut.]; 387.8-13 (73, Teb) [rc., inf.fut., initc., no excuse]; 388.17-24 (98, Teb) [inf.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 389.13-16 (141, Teb) [rc., inf.fut., interest]; 390.17-19 (167, Teb) [periph., ind.fut., fixd.];\u00a0III.1<\/strong> 815.2v<\/sup>.1.15-22, ll. 20-21 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb); 817.17-18 (182A<\/sup><\/span>, Krok) [daneion, imp.aor., within]; 818.20-22 (174a<\/sup><\/span>, Trikomia) [imp.aor., daneion, tok., fixd.]; III.2<\/strong> 970.14-15 (IIeA<\/span><\/sup>, Krok) [imp.aor., daneion, fixd.]; P.Tebt.Pad.<\/span><\/strong> 16.7-12 (9A<\/sup><\/span>-1A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [rc., ind.fut., metr.]; 20.8-9 (98-117); P.Tebt.Tait<\/span><\/strong> 49.b (89, PtolEu); P.Tebt.Wall<\/span><\/strong> 1.13-17 (98-138, Teb) [epan., inf.fut., princ.+interest, anhyp., fixd.]; 2.3-7 (83\/4, Teb) [epan., princ.+interest, no excuse, fixd.]; 9.14-16 (33, Teb) [rc., inf.fut., initc., no excuse]; P.Upsala<\/span><\/strong> 94.8-12 (408, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd.]; P.Ups.Frid<\/span><\/strong> 3.1-25, ll. 6-8 (122, Ox) [inf.fut., kephal., tok., fixd., no excuse]; P.Vars.<\/span><\/strong> 10.1.11-13 (155, Ptolemais Drymu) [princ., tok., imp.aor., fixd., anhyp.]; 10.2.23-28 (155, PtolEu) [rc., inf.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 37.1 (III, UP) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Vind.Bosw.<\/span><\/strong> 12.9-12 (286\/7, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Vind.Sijp.<\/span><\/strong> 12.17-21 (184, PtolEu) [inf.fut., kephal., fixd., anhyp.]; 13.11-14 (372, Herak) [rc., ind.fut., install., anhyp., no excuse]; 15.10-12, 15-19 (IV, Herm) [inf.fut.: av\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd, \u1f00\u03bc\u03ad\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2]; P.Vind.Tand.<\/span><\/strong> 22.12-16 (64, Nilopolis) [rc., imp.aor., fixd.]; 23.4-6, 29-31 (225, HerakN) [rc., ind.fut.]; P.Vind.Worp<\/span><\/strong> 10.1-3 (143\/4, SokN ?) [inf.fut., fixd.]; P.Warr.<\/span><\/strong> 10.13-19 (591\/2, Ox) [rc., akind., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp., no excuse]; P.Wash.Univ.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 22.6-10 (IVe<\/sup>, UP) [rc., qual. (grain), metr., epan., ind.fut., no excuse]; P.Wisc.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 10.10-14 (468, Ox) [rc., akind., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp., no excuse]; P.Worp.<\/span><\/strong> 30.2-4 (V\/VI, Herm) [ind.fut.]; P.Yadin<\/span><\/strong> 11.6-7 (scr.int.), 20-22 (scr.ext.) (124, En Gedi) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 17.7-9, 26-29 (128, Maoza); P.Yale<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 60.6-9 (6\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [ind.fut., no excuse, fixd.]; 64.15-19 (74\/5, Ox) [imp.aor., initc. (notice)]; PSI<\/strong> I<\/strong> 42.6-12 (IV, Theoxenis) [periph., epan., ind.fut., fixd., metr., anhyp.]; 63.23-30 (624?, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, fixd.]; III<\/strong> 239.17-21 (601, Ox) [rc., \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, within]; IV<\/strong> 389.5-6 (243A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil); [imp.aor., daneion, install.]; V 470.5-9 (102\/3. Herm); VI<\/strong> 699.8-11 (III, Ox) [rc., initc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, no excuse]; 701.22-25 (III, AphrodN) [rc., epan., inf.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 702.1-8 (III, Ox) [grain, qual., metr., no excuse]; VIII<\/strong> 799.2-3 (VI, Herm) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9]; 908.2.18-22 (42\/3, Teb) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 921.12-13 (143\/4, Thead) ]<\/span>rc., ind.fut., initc., anhyp.]; 929.14-18 (111, ArsN); [metr., fixd., no excuse]; 962a.11-15 (131\/2, UP) [kephal., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, within]; 964.10-18 (520\/1 or 535\/6 or 550\/1, OxN) [rc., interest, kephal., epan., ind.fut., surety]; IX<\/strong> 1028.11-13 (15, Teb) [rc., imp.aor., fixd., ship.]; 1051.5-17 (26, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 1068.12-16 (246, Ox) [epan., ind.fut., kephal., interest, fixd.]; X<\/strong> 1131.17-20 (41, PtolEu) [imp.aor., daneion, interest, fixd.]; 1142.18-21 (154, Teb) [periph, ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; XII<\/strong> 1253.7-13 (186, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., within (\u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9), interest]; XIII<\/strong> 1311.17-20 (136A<\/sup><\/span>, Berenikis Thesmophorou) [imp.aor., daneion, interest, fixd.]; 1319.2.51-56 (76, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; XIV<\/strong> 1427.12-16 (565, Ox) [akind, epan., ind.fut., interest, initc.]; RMO<\/span><\/strong> 1976\/4.36.5-8 (VI?, Herm?) [rc., \u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9]; SB<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 4370.15-16 (229 HerakN) [rc. inf.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 4498.19-21 (I, ArsPol) [periph., ind.fut., initc., anhyp.]; 4501.6-8 (V, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., fixd.]; 4652.2-4 (304 Oasis Magna) [ind.fut., interest]; 4771.1-5? (IV-VII, ArsN); 4785.6-8 (IV-VII, ArsPol) [periph.]; 4788.4-6 (IV-VII, ArsN) [rc., ind.fut.]; 5243.8-10 (7 SokN) [imp.aor.]; 5244.7-10 (8a<\/sup><\/span> SokN) [imp.aor., fixd., interest, no excuse]; 5285.15-20 (607, PanopN) [kind., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, initc., no excuse]; 5664.5-6 (I-III, Thebes?) [rc., ind.fut., within]; 5690.3-7 (VI\/VII, ArsPol) [periph., ind.fut., install.]; III<\/strong> 7169.6-26 ll. 13-14 (II UP) [daneion, imp.aor.]; 7170.2-4 (IIa<\/sup><\/span> UP) [daneion, tokoi, imp.aor., fixd.]; 7201.15-19 (553, Aphr) [\u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u1f00\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u1f77, no excuse]; IV<\/strong> 7358.11-13 (277-282, Kar) [inf.fut., anhyp.]; 7466.11-16 (147, Thead) [periph., imp.aor., fixd., anhyp.]; 7467.9-12 (221, Phil) [rc., epan., ind.fut., anhyp., fixd.]; V<\/strong> 7532.13-15 (74A<\/sup><\/span>, Nilopolis) [daneion, tok., imp.aor., fixd.]; 7535.13-15 (198\/9, PtolEu) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd, initc., no excuse]; VI<\/strong> 9155.6-9 (223, ArsN) [ind.fut., qual., fixd.]; 9270.7-10 (337, UP) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 9284.11-14 (553, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., \u1f00\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u1f77, no excuse]; 9291.21-24 (93, Thead) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd, initc., no excuse]; 9311.9-12 (374, Kar) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., metr., place]; 9366.5-9 (124A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd., qual., ship.]; VIII<\/strong> 9764.5-7 (hyp.) (49A<\/sup><\/span>, Bac) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 9769.12-28 (VII, ArsPol) [periph., ind.fut., install., no excuse]; 9770.1-3 (511, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd., anhyp., no excuse]; 9771.15-20 (VII\/VIII, ArsPol) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03b2\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03c2]; 9772.5-9 (VI, ArsN ?) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd, fixd.]; X<\/strong> 10222.9-12 (20, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 10234.5 (hyp.) (35, Ox) [ind.fut.]; 10238.8-10 (37, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 10246.7-11 (55, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 10249.7-11 (58\/9, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., no excuse]; 10492r<\/sup>.5-7 (163, UP) [rc., ind.fut., \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2, no delay]; 10524.8-13 (531, Antin) [rc., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; 10538.16-22 (130, Teb) [periph., ind.fut., kephal., tokoi, fixd., anhyp.]; 10553.3-4 (VIend<\/sup>, Path) [hypographe; \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9, initc.]; XII<\/strong> 10782.5-12 (247\/6A<\/sup><\/span>, Ankyron Polis) [sitos, ind.fut., qual., metr., ship.]; 10786.10-15 (133, Teb) [epan., inf.fut., allel., kephal., tok., fixd., no excuse]; 10787.9-14 (133, Teb) [epan., inf.fut., allel., kephal., tok., fixd., no excuse]; 10804.23-30 (47, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., kephal., tok., fixd.]; 10810.3-4 (VI, UP) [\u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; fixd.; \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03c5\u03b8\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; 11041.5-7 (20\/1, Teb); 11058.7-9 (244A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [periph., imp.praes.]; 11059.5-7 (244A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [periph., imp.praes., install.]; XIV<\/strong> 11284.7-10 (102-116, UP) [ind.fut., daneion, fixd.]; 11385.11-13 (326, ArsN) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd.]; 11386.10-13 (288, PtolEu) [pc., ind.fut., install., no excuse]; 11491.12-16 (59, Ox) [imp.aor., fixd., no excuse]; 11598.9-13 (III, UP) [rc., ind.fut., install., no excuse]; 11705.4-6 (213, ArsN) [epan., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, kephal., fixd., tok., monthly]; 12017.13-15 (156, Teb) [periph., imp.aor., fixd., anhyp.]; 12023.9-12 (II, Teb) [periph., inf.fut., allel., fixd., anhyp.]; 12088.15-20 (346, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 12105.15-19 (129, Thead) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd, initc., no excuse]; 12180.6-7 (186, Herak) [rc., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; 12190.12-15 (297, UP) [rc., epan., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd, allel., fixd.]; XVI<\/strong> 12263.11-12 (41-54 or 54-68, Teb) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 12472.12-13 (525\/6, OxN); 12690.7-12 (189, Herak?) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 12700.a. 7-8 (30A<\/sup><\/span>-14, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 12786.9-11 (502, UP) [\u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; 12812.7-8 (255A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [ind.fut., daneion]; 12954.9-13 (116, SokN) [periph., ind.fut., allel., anhyp.]; 13030.6-8 (205, Alabastrine) [rc., epan., ind.fut., within, anhyp.]; 13041.7-8 (I\/II, Ox) [imp.aor.]; 13042.15-16 (29, Ox) [\u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, imp.aor.]; XVIII<\/strong> 13154.2 (IIA<\/sup><\/span>\/IA<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [imp.aor., anhyp.]; 13167.1-4 (IIm<\/sup>, Alex) [unique]; 13228.8-9 (148-161, Haueris) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 13234.8-11 (98\/9, Haueris) [daneion, tok., imp.aor., fixd., no excuse]; 13255.19-22 (231A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholthis) [imp.aor., tokoi: install., daneion: initc. (notice)]; 13298.8-11 (566-570, Antin.) ? [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; 13974.11-12 (after 250, ArsN) [epan., inf.fut., kephalaion, tokoi, fixd., anhyp.]; XX<\/strong> 14298.8-12 (IV, UP) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd, within, no excuse]; 14425.10-12 (443, UP) [fixd.]; 14605.5-6 (V, UP) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 14970.16-18 (149, Euh) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 15043.5-8 (VI\/VII, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, oc., no excuse]; 15092.15-16 (VII, Leukogion) [periph., ind.fut.]; 15163.6-8 (II, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., metr.]; XXII<\/strong> 15240.13-19 (156A<\/sup><\/span>, Ammonias); [imp.aor., daneion: hemiolia, grain: qual., metr., hemiolia]; 15325.5-6 (176?, Kar) [periph., ind.fut.]; 15327.7-10 (III\/IV, Kar) [epan., ind.fut. kephal., tok., anhyp.]; XXIV<\/strong> 15879.1a-4 (IVf<\/sup>, Kar) [metr., qual., anhyp.]; 15881.2-5 (III\/IV, Kar) [initc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, no excuse, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd]; 15959.5-6 (VIf<\/sup>, Aphr) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 16296.3-8 l. 5; 16296.14-16, ll. 15-16; 16296.9-13, ll. 11-12 (182A<\/sup><\/span>?, UP) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; XXVI<\/strong> 16423.7-10 (210\/1, HerakN) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp.]; 16475.5-8 (V, HermN) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp.]; 16566.10-12 (41-68, ArsN) [daneion, tok., imp.aor., fixd.] ; 16567.12-14 (I\/II, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 16756.5-8 (IV\/V, UP) [kephal., akind., epan., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; XXVIII<\/strong> 16857.2 (VI, HermN); 16858.a.13-16 (507?, Herm) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., qual., no excuse]; 16873.9 (591\/2, ArsN?) [\u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; 17014.2-3 (528\/9 ?, Herak) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 17164.12-14 (70-132, Murabaat) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 17232.12-15 (484, Ox) [kephal., akind., epan., ind.fut., allel., fixd., anhyp.]; 17265.b.1.1-4, ll. 1-3 (110A<\/sup><\/span>, Path); 17265.d.11-5, l. 2 (111\/0A<\/sup><\/span>, Path); XXX<\/strong> 17667.11-13 (603,.HerakN) [periph., ind.fut., fixd.]; SPP<\/span> III<\/strong> 335.2-4 (VI, HermN?) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; IV<\/strong> p. 55-56, II ll. 8-13 (c. 136-97A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [daneion, imp.aor., grain, qual., fixd.]; p. 116-117 ll. 13-22 (109\/10, Euh) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., \u1f00\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03af]; XX<\/strong> 16.19-22 (193, Herak) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 45.7-10 (237, Mochchyris) [rc., \u03c6\u03c5\u03bb\u03ac\u03be\u03c9, \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, initc., no excuse, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd]; 51.6-11 (238, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., metr.]; 90.10-14 (415, HerakN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; 112.3-4 (VI, ArsN) [rc., \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6, av. \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9]; 114.8-11 (421, Alex) [rc., \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd, initc.]; 123.16-19 (445, Herak) [rc., epan., ind.fut., initc., no excuse]; 139.9-12 (531, ArsPol) [install., epan., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, no excuse, cash: qual.]; 146.11-13 (V\/VI, Constantinople?) [epan., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, initc., no excuse]; 261.9-11 (570, HermN) [oc., qual., no excuse]; XXII<\/strong> 24.2-4 (II, UP) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 69.5-7 (186\/7, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 82.1-2 (II, SokN) [anhyp.]; 83.13-16 (146-156, SokN); T.Varie<\/span><\/strong> 10.6-8 (VII, Thus Buserapammon, OxN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, fixd., metr., no excuse]; UPZ<\/strong> I<\/strong> 125.13-18 (89A<\/sup><\/span>, Mem) [imp.aor., daneion, within]; II<\/strong> 190.7-11 (98A<\/sup><\/span>, Thebes) [daneion, imp.aor., fixd., qual., ship.].<\/p>\n

\n

21. Settlement of Debt<\/h2>\n

Category: Termination<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

As a matter of course, debt settlements are recorded separately from the recording of the debt. In the documents listed below, however, the scribe decided to record them on the same papyrus sheet. The text is identical in both cases. One is SB X 10246.29-33 (55 CE, Oxyrhynchos): (hand 4) \u0398\u03bf\u1ff6\u03bd\u03b9\u03c2 \u0398\u03bf\u03ce\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03ad\u03c7\u03c9{\u03b9} \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd | 30<\/sup> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u1f72\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u1ff6{\u03b9}. \u03a3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u0323\u03bd\u0323\u03b9\u0323\u03ba\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c2\u0323 \u1f08\u03c0\u03af\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f14\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c8\u03b1 | 31\u00a0<\/sup>\u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03b5\u1f30\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. (\u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2) \u03b2 \u039d\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 | 32\u00a0<\/sup>\u039a\u03bb\u03b1\u03c5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a3\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u0393\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6 | 33<\/sup>\u00a0\u0391\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, \u039c\u03b5\u03c7\u03b5\u1f76\u03c1 [\u03b1]. (\u2018I, Thoonis son of Thoonis, received the aforesaid principal in return and I will not proceed (against you) in any manner\u2019).<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Herrmann (1962): 28; Rupprecht (1971): 22.<\/span><\/p>\n

BGU<\/span><\/strong> I 101.32-36 (115, ArsN); P.Fay.<\/span><\/strong> 91.48-50 (99, Euh); P.Grenf.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 28.15-19 (108A<\/sup><\/span>, Krok); P.Mil. <\/strong><\/span>I<\/strong> 8.43-48 (48, Thead); P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 728.36-42 (142, Thosbis); VII<\/strong> 1041.17-19 (381, Ox); PSI<\/span><\/strong> X<\/strong> 1131.40-43 (41, PtolEu); XV<\/strong> 1533.28 (IIIe<\/sup>?, OxN); SB<\/span> VIII<\/strong> 9764.10-15 (49A<\/sup><\/span>, Bac); X<\/strong> 10234.12-18 (35, Ox); 10246.30-33 (55, Ox); XII<\/strong> 11041.16-19 (20\/1, Teb).<\/p>\n

\n

22. Failure to Return Loan<\/h2>\n

Category: Termination, Compensation<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

Eight hundred fifty-six documents that record loans stipulate the repayment of the loan. In 188 cases<\/a>, the document does not directly report the consequence of non-settlement of the debt; instead, it records, immediately after the repayment clause, the praxis<\/em>, which, when applied by the creditor, may be assumed to be the immediate consequence of non-payment. In another 349 documents\u2014116 Ptolemaic, 212 Roman, 21 Byzantine (fifth century or later)\u2014the consequences of non-payment are addressed directly. In the Ptolemaic and Roman period, \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff6 is the rule but more succinct formulations\u2014\u03b5\u1f30 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u03ae, or simply \u1f24\u2014are also encountered. The protasis<\/em> may also indicate the time (e.g., \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f61\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u1fc3 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u1fb3) and refer back to the terms of the contract (\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1f7c\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9). In 11 cases [Type1]<\/strong><\/a>, most from the late second and third centuries, the creditor is explicitly allowed to apply the praxis<\/em> in case of default. The object of the praxis<\/em> is not specified. So in BGU II 578.13-14 (189 CE, Arsinoites): \u1f67\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f74]\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd [\u03c0\u03bf]\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f11\u03bd\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2. \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff6, \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f21 \u03c0\u03c1\u1fb6\u03be\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03ba [\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f10\u03bc]\u03bf[\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03ba] | 14<\/sup> [\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4]\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ac\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u1f10\u03b3 \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 (\u2018I will undertake to repay them, including interest, in the course of one year. But if I do not repay, you will have the right to exact collection from me and from my property as if according to a court action\u2019).<\/p>\n

In 148 cases [Type2]<\/strong><\/a>\u2014 68 Ptolemaic, 76 Roman, 5 Byzantine\u2014the praxis<\/em> clause is preceded by an account of the object of the execution. In this case, the imperative aorist of \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u2014\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4(\u03b5)\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u2014is by far the most common, followed by \u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03c9, mostly in the future infinitive or indicative. The object of \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf-\/\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03c9 varies by the object of the loan. In 80 cases<\/a>, the [Type2]<\/a><\/strong> clause is applied in documents recording cash loans. Quite striking is the absence of fines or compensation for damages: blabe<\/em>, dapanemata<\/em>, epitimon<\/em>, and remission of penalty to the fisc are extremely rare in loans. Here, three objects may be recorded: [1]<\/strong> the principal (either \u03b4\u1f71\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd or \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u1f71\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd), which in the case of default is increased by a half (\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u1fbd \u1f21\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u1f21\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u1fb3, or as an adjective: \u1f21\u03bc\u03b9\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd); [2]<\/strong> the contractual interest, which accumulated in the duration of the loan; the rate of the contractual interest does not change after default: the debtor is still required to pay \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f01\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c2; [3]<\/strong>\u00a0interest for default, at a rate prescribed by a royal decree (\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1). In the Ptolemaic period and in Augustan Alexandria, it is set at 2 drachms per mina<\/em>; in the Roman period, it is reduced to one drachm. P.Ryl. IV 586.20-27 (99a<\/sup><\/span>, Ox), records all three objects: \u1f10[\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74] | 21<\/sup> [\u1f00\u03c0]\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1f70 \u03b3\u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u0323[\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03b1\u03c4\u03c9] | 22<\/sup> [\u0394\u03b7]\u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9 [\u1f22 \u03c4\u1ff7] | 23<\/sup> [\u03c0]\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u1ff3 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba[\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7]|24<\/sup>\u03bc\u0323\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03b4\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u1f21\u0323\u03bc\u0323\u03b9\u0323\u03cc\u0323[\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd], | 25<\/sup> \u03c4\u0323\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03cc\u0323\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f01\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5[\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5]|26<\/sup>\u03b3\u03c1\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f51\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03cc\u03bd[\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc]|27<\/sup>\u03bd\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c5\u0323 (\u2018But if he does not repay the loan as recorded, let Demetrios pay as compensation to the lenders or to whoever is joint to be entrusted with the finances of the association, the loan increased by a half, the interest itself, both those agreed upon in the contract, and those for the overtime\u2019). P.Ryl. IV 586, however, is atypical. While the principal is routinely recorded, the two types of interest rarely coincide; both are treated in 6 documents. Seventy-two documents record only the default interest; 32 others record the contractual interest only.<\/p>\n

Loans in kind are attested in 46 documents, mostly Ptolemaic. In this case, the creditor waives recovery of the commodity and instead receives its monetary value. Here a regional and diachronic pattern emerges: documents composed in the Ptolemaic period in the Hermopolite, Oxyrhynchite, and Arsinoite nomes record fixed per-artaba<\/em> compensation that the debtor will have to pay the creditor in case of non-delivery of the grain. This amount is sometimes increased by half. Cf., e.g., P.Dion. 13.22-25 (112 BCE, Akoris): \u1f10\u1f70\u0323\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u02bc \u1f03 | 23<\/sup> \u03b3\u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u0394\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03cd\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u039a\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u1fb6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u0394\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03b9 | 24<\/sup> \u1f08\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f22 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u02bc \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u03b9\u0323[\u03bc]\u1f74\u0323\u03bd\u0323 \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u0323\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c2\u0323 [\u03c7]\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba[\u03bf\u1fe6] | 25<\/sup> \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f21\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03bb[\u03cc]\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd (\u2018If he does not repay the loan as recorded, let Dionysios son of Kephalas pay to Dionysios son of Apollonios or to his representation as a compensation as the value of each aroura three thousand bronze drachms and the half in proportion\u2019). By contrast, in Ptolemaic Upper Egypt as best attested in documentation from Pathyris, and in the Roman period throughout Egypt, the debtor must compensate the lender by paying the value, or the \u2018highest value\u2019, of the grain in the place and at the time of the intended settlement (\u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03bd, particularly \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f10\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03b9 \u1f00\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u1fb6\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03bd). This value, too, may be increased by a half or even doubled. Cf., e.g., P.Adler 15.16-20: \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff7) \u1f10\u0323\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f61\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u1ff3 | 17<\/sup> \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03b9 \u1f22 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u1fc7) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1f70 \u03b3\u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u0323[\u03bf]|18<\/sup>\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f10\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u0323\u1fc6\u0323[\u03bc\u03b1] | 19<\/sup> \u1f21\u03bc\u03b9\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u1f22 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f10\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f00\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u1fb6\u03b9 | 20<\/sup> \u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03bd) (\u2018If he does not repay the loan in the prescribed time, or does not act as recorded, let him immediately pay as a compensation in the following month the loan increased by half or its future market value\u2019).<\/p>\n

In 23 documents (11 Roman, 9 Ptolemaic, 2 Byzantine) [Type2a<\/strong>]<\/a>, the scribe introduces compensation for non-settlement of the debt following the same rules as in [Type2<\/strong>]<\/a> but without the praxis<\/em> clause. Cf., e.g., P.Tebt. III.1 817.27-30 (182 BCE, Krokodilopolis): \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf|28<\/sup>\u03b4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1f70 \u03b3\u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03a3\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f08\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03c9\u03b9 | 29<\/sup> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b4\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u1f21\u03bc\u03b9\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f51\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 | 30<\/sup> \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd \u1f61\u03c2 \u1f10\u03b3 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03b9 \u03bc\u03bd\u1fb6\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03bc\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f15\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4[\u03bf\u03bd]. (\u2018and if he does not repay it as stated, Sostratos shall forthwith forfeit to Apollonios the loan increased by one half and for the overtime interest at the rate of two drachmae per mina per month\u2019.) (transl.: editio princeps<\/em>, p. 317).<\/p>\n

In 39 documents (4 Ptolemaic, 29 Roman, 6 Byzantine) [Type3]<\/strong><\/a>, the creditor is allowed to possess, use, and occasionally claim title to some piece of property that the debtor has posted as security for repayment. Use and possession are meant in the case of default (antichresis<\/em>) and title in that of hypothec<\/em> or menein<\/em> security. Following the routine protasis<\/em>, two formulations are common: (a)<\/strong> the verb \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f73\u03c9, the debtor acting as subject and the creditor as an indirect object, following by infinitives indicating the nature of the right accorded to the latter. (b)<\/strong> \u1f14\u03be\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9 with the creditor as an indirect object, and the infinitives circumscribing his position. Cf., e.g., BGU I 339.16-22 (128, Karanis): \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd [\u03b4\u1f72] \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff6\u03b9 | 17<\/sup> [\u03c3\u03c5]\u03bd\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6 \u1f09[\u03c4]\u03c1\u1f74\u03c2 [\u03b3\u03b5]\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u1fd6\u0323\u03bd\u0323 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 | 18<\/sup> [\u1f00\u03c6] \u1f67\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u1fd6 \u1f41 \u1f09\u03c4\u03c1\u1f74\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u1f76 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c4\u03c3\u1ff6\u03bd\u03c4\u0323\u03b9\u0323\u03bd\u0323 | 19<\/sup> [\u03b4]\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u0323\u03af\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c5 \u1f10\u03b4\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u1fd6\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 | 20<\/sup> [\u00a0\u0323\u00a0\u0323]\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd [\u03ba\u03b1]\u1f76\u0323 \u1f21\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u0323\u03af\u0323\u03b1\u03c2 | 21<\/sup> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f51\u0323[\u03c0\u1f72]\u03c1\u0323 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u0323[\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd] \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f57 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf|22<\/sup>\u03b4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd (\u2018But if he does not repay the loan, Hatres allows the creditor to cultivate and benefit from the produce of three arouras<\/em> of public land that Hatres cultivates in the vicinity of Patsontis in the [ – – ] in return for the interest the hemiolia<\/em> and the public charge on their behalf until he repays the money and the wheat\u2019).<\/p>\n

In the Alexandrian context [Type4<\/a>]<\/strong>, instead of being ordered to pay compensation directly, the debtor is \u2018liable to seizure and detention until he pays compensation\u2019 (\u1f00\u03b3\u03ce\u03b3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9). The objects of \u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03c9 are the principal and the two types of interest specified in the discussion of [Type2]<\/strong><\/a>. Cf., e.g., BGU IV 1162.5-9 (17\/6 BCE,<\/span> Alexandria): \u03b5\u1f30 \u03b4\u1f72 \u2039\u03bc\u1f74\u203a, \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u1f50[\u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f00\u03b3\u03c9]|6<\/sup>\u03b3\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u2039\u03b5\u03c3\u203a\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u2039\u03ba\u203a\u03c4\u1fd6\u03c3\u03b1[\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03b4\u03ac]|7<\/sup>\u03bd\u03b7\u03bf\u03bd {\u03c3\u03c5} \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03c5(\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5) \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f40[\u03b3\u03b4\u03bf\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd]|8<\/sup>\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u1f21\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u1fb3 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b4\u02bc \u1f51\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1[\u03c0\u03b5\u03c3\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2] | 9<\/sup> \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u2039\u03bc\u03b1\u203a \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5[\u03c2 (\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2) (\u2018Or else, let them become liable to seizure and detention until they immediately repay the loan, i.e., the thousand eight hundred silver drachms with hemiolia<\/em>, and the two-drachms interest enjoined by the diagramma<\/em> for the overtime\u2019).<\/p>\n

In 13 documents, the earliest dated to 86 and the latest to 247 CE [Type5<\/a>]<\/strong>, a loan of paratheke<\/em> is recorded. In this case, the clause regulating default requires the debtor to return twice the amount of the deposit as well as compensation for damages. Repayment is to take place \u2018according to the law of deposits\u2019. Cf., e.g., P.Athen. 28.21-24 (86 CE, Theadelphia): \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1 | 22<\/sup> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u1fc6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f70 | 23<\/sup> [\u03b2]\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7 \u1f00\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd | 24<\/sup> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u0323\u03ba\u0323\u1ff6\u0323[\u03bd \u03bd]\u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03b9 (\u2018Let him pay immediately as compensation double the amount of the paratheke<\/em> and compensation for damages in accordance with the law of parathekai<\/em>\u2019).<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Berger (1911): 103-124; Lewis (1945): 126-127; Taubenschlag (1955): 345-346; Rupprecht (1965): 90-104; Finckh (1962): 64-81, 101-102; Herrmann (1962): 27; Kastner (1962): 41-45; K\u00fchnert (1965): 70-80, 106-109, 135-138, 176-178; Packman (1983): 21-26; Tenger (1993): 19-20, 37-38, 55-56.<\/span><\/p>\n

C.<\/strong>: Capital\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 DI<\/strong>: Default Interest\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 I.<\/strong>: Interest<\/p>\n

BGU<\/span> I<\/strong> 190.2.3-5 (81-96, ArsN) [2a]; 238.1-5 (II\/III, ArsN) [2a]; 339.16-25 (128, Kar) [3; antichresis; \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f73\u03c9]; II<\/strong> 578.11-16, ll. 13-14 (189, ArsN) [1]; III<\/strong> 702 + P.Bodl.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 61a.b.2-5 (151, ArsN) [return by the surety]; 741.27-31 (143, Alex?) [3; foreclosure, hypothec; \u1f14\u03be\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9]; 856.17-22 (106, Psenyris) [5]; 910.2.23-26 (70, SokN) [2; C., I.]; 911.19-24 (18, SokN) [2]; IV<\/strong> 1053.28-39 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4]; 1054.9-15 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4; C., DI.]; 1055.31-40 (before 13A<\/sup><\/span>?, Alex) [4; C., DI.]; 1056.15-25 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4; C., I., DI.]; 1057.1-17, ll. 11-13 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4; C., I., DI.]; 1120.22-24 (by lessor) (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex); 1142.11-18 (25\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4; hemiolia or MMP, damage]; 1145.1-25, ll. 10-18 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4]; 1145.26-45 ll. 35-40 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4; C., I., DI.]; 1147.14-20 (14\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4; C., I., DI.]; 1149.27-29 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [1]; 1151.2.34-37 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4; C., DI.]; 1156.17-22 (16\/15A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4; C., DI.]; 1161.16-22 (24\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4; C., DI.]; 1162.5-9 (17\/16A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4; C., DI.]; 1166.10-12 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4; C., I., DI.]; 1170.1-23, ll. 8-11 (10A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4; C., DI.]; 1172.9-12 (9A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [4; C., DI.]; 1175.8-10 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [2; C., I., DI.]; VI<\/strong> 1272.17-18 (173A<\/sup><\/span>, Hephaistias) [1]; VI 1274.10-13 (218\/7A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [2; C., DI.]; 1275.16-18 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Sephtha) [2; grain: PAA]; 1276.11-14 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [2; C., DI.]; 1277.10-12 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [2; grain: PAA]; 1278.9-12, 26-30 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [2; grain: PAA]; 1279.9-11 (IImA<\/span><\/sup>, UP); 1280.12-20 (210A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [2; C., epit.]; 1281.6-9 (IIA<\/sup><\/span>, Path?) [2; grain: MP]; VII<\/strong> 1649.15-21 (264, Phil) [1]; X<\/strong> 1961.7-9 (213\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [2; C., I.]; 1966.1-3 (246A<\/sup><\/span>-221A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN?) [2; DI.]; 1968.9-11 (184A<\/sup><\/span>, Ptolemais?) [2; C.]; 1969.6-8 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [2; grain: PAA]; 1972.9 (IImA<\/span><\/sup>, HerakN?); XI<\/strong> 2042.15-20 (105, SokN) [5]; 2043.19-21 (150, SokN) [3; C., I.]; 2044.a.21-28 (46, SokN) [2; C., I.]; 2045.18-21 (215, Thead) [1]; 2116.5-10 (25\/6, ArsN?) [2; I., DI.]; 2117.7-10 (II, ArsN?) [1]; 2118.12-15 (223, Ox) [2; I., DI.]; XIV<\/strong> 2393.14-16 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [2; grain:PAA]; 2395.18-20 (221A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [3; enoikesis, DI.]; 2396.9-11 (213\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [2]; CPR<\/span> XVIIa<\/strong> 5a.6-8 (316, Herm) [1]; XVIIb<\/strong> 4.1-8, ll. 4-6 (184\/5, Panop) [3; hypallagma]; 13.1-6, ll. 1-5 (217, Panop) [3; antichresis]; O.Bodl.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 1978.5-8 (25\/6, Thebes?) [2a; dipl.]; O.Brux.<\/span><\/strong> 13.6-9 (136\/7, 157\/8 or 180\/1, Upper Egypt?) [2; DI.]; O.Claud.<\/span> III<\/strong> 432.7-9 (137, Mons Claudianus) [3; pawn; \u1f14\u03be\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9]; O.Did.<\/span><\/strong> 135.6-10 (before 220-250, Didymoi) [DI.]; 136.1-5 (215, Didymoi); P.Adler<\/span><\/strong> 4.12-20 (109A<\/sup><\/span>, Ptolemais) [2; dipl.]; 6.13-17 (106A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2, grain: MP]; 10.13-15 (101A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2]; 15.16-20 (100A<\/sup><\/span>, Path?) [2; grain: MP]; 19.8-10 (98A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2; C., epit.]; P.Alex.<\/strong><\/span> 9.2-6 (I, ArsN?) [2a; C., dam., exp., epit., fisc]; P.Amh.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 43.11-14 (173A<\/sup><\/span>, SokN) [2]; 44.10-12 (scr.int.), 31-34 (scr.ext.) (136A<\/sup><\/span>, Philopator alias Theogenous) [2; grain: MP]; 46.8-13 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2; grain: MP]; 47.11-17 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Path?) (2) [2; grain: MP]; 48.11-16 (106A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2]; 49.3-9 (108A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [2]; 50.14-21 (106A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2 with surety; C., DI.]; 148.11-12 (487, ArsN); P.Athen.<\/strong><\/span> 21.13-16 (131, Kar) [2; C., I.]; 22.23-32 (103\/122, ArsN) [2; C., I.]; 28.20-27 (86, Thead) [5]; P.Bad.<\/strong><\/span> II<\/strong> 2.31-32 (130A<\/sup><\/span>, Hermonthis) [2a; C., I.]; 27.4-8 (316, HermN?) [2; C.]; P.Bas.<\/strong><\/span> 7.17-19 (117-138, ArsN) [3; foreclosure, hypothec; \u1f14\u03be\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9]; P.Berl.M\u00f6ller<\/span><\/strong> 4.20-27 (3, Phil) [2; grain: MP]; P.Bingen<\/strong> 40.6-7 (111\/10A<\/sup>,<\/span> Path); P.Bodl.<\/span><\/strong> 61ar<\/sup>.1-2 (151, PtolEu) [delivery by the surety]; P.Brem.<\/span><\/strong> 68.7-9 (99, Herm?) [3: foreclosure, hypothec; \u1f14\u03be\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9]; P.Cair.Goodsp.<\/span><\/strong> 8.1.5-7 (111A<\/sup><\/span>, Path); P.Cair.Masp.<\/span> II<\/strong> 67162.23-29 (568, Antin) [3: general hypothec; \u1f10\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9]; P.Cair.Zen.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 59001.11-16 (scr.int.), 37-43 (scr.ext.) (274\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Pitos) [2; C.]; II<\/strong> 59173.10-12 (scr.int.), 30-33 (scr.ext.) (255A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [2; C.]; 59182 (255A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [C.]; III<\/strong> 59340 (247A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [epit.]; P.Charite<\/span><\/strong>\u00a034.8-11 (318\/348, Herm) [2a; DI.]; P.Col.<\/strong><\/span> X<\/strong> 273r<\/sup> .22-23 (204, Ox) [2a; grain]; 287.9-13, 31-34 (326, Ox) [2]; P.Coll.Youtie<\/strong><\/span> I 50.4-9 (IIe<\/sup>, Ox) [5]; P.Corn.<\/strong><\/span> 2.12-15 (250\/49A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [2; grain: PAA]; 6.14-16 (17, Oxyrhyncha) [2; C., I.]; P.David<\/span><\/strong> 4.11-15 (167A<\/sup><\/span>\/<\/span>114A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [2a]; P.Dime<\/span> III<\/strong> 11GD.17-18 (29, SokN); P.Diog.<\/span><\/strong> 25.10-14 (132, Phil ?) [2; C., I.]; 27.11-13 (213, Phil) [1]; 30.15-21 (222-235, Phil?) [1; grain: MP]; P.Dion.<\/span><\/strong> 13.22-25 (112A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [2; grain: PAA]; 14.23-27 (110A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [2]; 15.21-24 (109A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [2]; 16.26-29 (109A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [2 with surety; grain: PAA]; 17.26-28 (108A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [2; grain: PAA]; 18.17-20 (107A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [2; grain: PAA]; 19.20-22 (105A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [2; grain: PAA]; 20.22-24 (105A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [2a; grain: PAA]; 21.20-25 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [2; grain: PAA]; 22.19-24 (111A<\/sup><\/span>, Akoris) [2; grain: PAA]; 23.19-22 (108A<\/sup><\/span>, Herm) [2; grain: PAA]; 24.20-27 (106A<\/sup><\/span>, Herm) [2; grain: PAA]; 25.26-33 (104A<\/sup><\/span>, Herm) [2; grain: PAA]; 26.16-18 (116A<\/sup><\/span>, Herm) [2; grain: PAA]; 27.16-19 (113\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Herm) [2]; 32.14-18 (107A<\/sup><\/span>, HermN) [2]; 33.10-18 (IIA<\/sup><\/span>, HermN) [2; grain: PAA]; P.Dura<\/span><\/strong> 20.14-19 (121, Paliga) [3; antichresis]; 21.2-5 (IIf<\/sup>, Dura Europos) [1]; 22.9-12 (133\/4, Dura Europos) [1]; P.Erasm.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 14.4-7 (IImA<\/span><\/sup>, ArsN) [2a]; P.Erl.<\/span><\/strong> 72.6-7 (IV, OxN); P.Fam.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> 22.15-19 (122, Teb) [2: C., I.]; P.Fay.<\/span><\/strong> 205.11-14 (138-142, Bac) [3]; P.Flor.<\/span><\/strong> I 1.6-8 (153, Herm) [3: foreclosure, hypothec; \u1f14\u03be\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9]; 81.10-14 (103, Herm) [3: foreclosure, hypothec; \u1f14\u03be\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9]; 94.14-15 (491, Herm); III<\/strong> 313.14-16 (449, Epokion Iliou) [cash payment]; P.Fouad<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 44.24-32 (44, Ox) [3: enoikesis; C., I.]; 47.17-21 (47, ArsN) [2]; 49.14-17 (100, Teb) [3]; 52.15-16 (after 272, Ox); P.Freib.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 12b.7-11 (172A<\/sup><\/span>-162A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [2; C., I.]; P.Gen.<\/span> I<\/strong> 43.13-17 (227, PtolEu) [2; I.; grain: MP]; II<\/strong> 106.9-16 (153\/4, UP) [3: antichresis; \u1f14\u03be\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9]; IV<\/strong> 196.3-7 (VIIs<\/sup>, UP) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: monthly penalty]; P.Genov.<\/strong><\/span> II<\/strong> 62.19-28 (98, Ox) [3: foreclosure, hypothec; \u1f14\u03be\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9]; P.Grenf.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 10.15-19 (174A<\/sup><\/span>, Diospolis Magna) [2; grain: MP]; 18.19-22 (131A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [grain: MP]; 20.11-14 (127A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [1; C., DI.]; 23.14-19 (117A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2; grain: MP]; 28.5-12 (108A<\/sup><\/span>, Krok) [2; grain: MP]; 29.9-15 (105A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2; grain: MP]; 31.9-18 (101\/0A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [grain: MP]; II<\/strong> 17.4-6 (136A<\/sup><\/span>, Thebes); 18.13-18 (127A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2 with surety; C., DI.]; 21.12-25 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2; C., DI.]; 24.16-26 (105A<\/sup><\/span>, Krok) [2]; 27.10-16 (103A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2 with surety; C., DI.]; 29.19-31 (102A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2; grain: MP]; 72.9-10 (308 Kysis) [2a]; P.Hamb<\/strong>.<\/span> I<\/strong> 2.16-20 (59, Babylon, Heliopolites) [5; C., DI., epit.]; 55.15-19 (241, PtolEu) [2; grain: MP]; II<\/strong> 183.9-11 (251A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [2];\u00a0P.Hib.<\/span> I<\/strong> 86.9-12 (248A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [2a; grain: PAA]; 88.12-15 (263A<\/sup><\/span>, HerakN?) [2; C.]; 124.17-20 (c. 250A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [2; grain: PAA]; II<\/strong> 210.11-13 (c. 250A<\/sup><\/span>-240A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN) [grain: PAA]; P.Ifao<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 14.10-15 (140, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; P.Kell.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 47.12-18 (IV?, Kellis) [2a; I.]; P.K\u00f6ln<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 218.11-13 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [2a; C., I.]; 220.21 (208A<\/sup><\/span>\/191A<\/sup><\/span>, ArsN) [hemiolion]; VIII<\/strong> 350.36-39 (143A<\/sup><\/span>, Krok) [2: grain: MP];\u00a0XV<\/strong> 611.8-11 (before 8, UP) [2; C. with hemiolia, DI.]; XVI<\/strong> 642.14-15 (256A<\/sup><\/span>, HerakN?) [2; C., I.]; 652.18-21 (183\/5, Ox) [hemiolia, D.I]; P.Kron.<\/span><\/strong> 12.11-13 (135, Teb); 16.23-34 (138, Teb) [3: paramone]; 17.18-27 (140, Teb) [3: antichresis]; P.Leid.Inst.<\/span><\/strong> 26.9-11 (I, UP); P.Lips.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 128.17-24 (19A<\/sup><\/span>, Talithis) [2; grain: MP]; 143.7-10 (169-176 or 180-192, Ox) [5]; P.Lond.<\/strong><\/span> II 218.8-13 (111a<\/sup><\/span> Path) [2; grain: MP]; 225.13-16 (118A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [2]; 311.14-18 (149, Herakleia) [2]; 1168.11-14 (44, Herm) [3: enoikesis]; 1203.6-12 (113A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2; C., I.: grain: MP]; V<\/strong> 1716.5-12 (570, Antin) [3: security; wine]; 1766.13 (559, HermN) [3?]; VII<\/strong> 1986.8-11 (252A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [2; C.]; P.Louvre<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 17.15-19 (II, SokN) [5]; P.Meyer<\/span><\/strong> 5.2-6 (98-117, ArsN) [2; C. with hemiolia, I.]; P.Mert.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 6.22-26 (77A<\/sup><\/span>, Nestou Epoikion) [2; grain: MMP\/PAA]; 25.12-16 (214, OxN) [2; C. with hemiolia, DI.]; II<\/strong> 76 (181, Ox); III<\/strong> 109.11-16 (II, OxN) [3: foreclosure, hypothec]; P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 191.22-26 (60, Ox) [2] ; V<\/strong> 331.1-2 (41, ArsN) [2a; C., dam., exp., epit., fisc]; 333.20-21 (52, Teb) [2; C., I.]; IX<\/strong> 566.7-14 (86 Hiera Nesos) [2; C., I.]; 567.16-18 (78, Kar) [2; grain: MP]; X<\/strong> 587.30-34, 36-37 (24\/5, Teb) [2]; XI<\/strong> 614.23-25 (c. 258\/9, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; P.Michael.<\/span><\/strong> 9.a.12-24 (c. 92, OxN) [3: hypallagma]; P.Mil.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 57.14-16 (74, Thead) [2; hemiolia: I.]; P.NagHamm.<\/span><\/strong> 63.4-7 (341, Diospolis Parva?) [3: antichresis]; P.Naqlun<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 21.16-20 (585, Naqlun or Alexandrou Nesos) [1]; P.Neph.<\/span><\/strong> 32.12-16 (344, HerakN) [2: C., DI.]; P.NYU<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 23.10-15 (326, Kar) [2; I.]; P.Oslo<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 40a.8-13 (150, Ox) [3: foreclosure, menein]; 40b.36-43 (150, Ox) [3: foreclosure, menein]; P.Oxf.<\/span><\/strong> 10.29-30 (98-117 Thead) [2a]; P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 267.1-34, ll. 13-16 (37, Ox) [2; C.]; 269.1.8-12 (57, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; 506.19-31 (143, Ox) [3: foreclosure, menein]; 507.17-22 (146, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; IV<\/strong> 836.16-22 (Before 66 \/5A<\/sup><\/span> or 15\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox); VII<\/strong> 1039.11-15 (210, Ox) [5]; 1040.20-30 (225, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; VIII<\/strong> 1130.20-24 (484, Senokomis) [2; C., I.]; X<\/strong> 1281.1-2, 7-11 (21, Sinary); XII<\/strong> 1471.22-32 (81, Ox) [4; C., DI.]; 1474.11-22, ll. 17-19 (216, OxN) [2; DI.]; XIV<\/strong> 1640.2.6-9 (252, Ox) [2; DI.]; 1711.12-18 (IIIl<\/sup>, Ox) [2; DI.]; XVI<\/strong> 1892.25-36 (581, Ox) [3: antichresis]; XVII<\/strong> 2134.21-22 (170, Ox) [3: foreclosure, hypothec]; XIX<\/strong> 2237.17-19 (498, Ox) [2: DI.]; XXII<\/strong> 2350.1.21-23, 3.13-15 (224, Ox) [2: DI.]; XXXIII<\/strong> 2677.6-10 (II, OxN?) [5]; XXXIV<\/strong> 2722.16-28 (154, Ox); 2773.19-23 (82, Ox) [2; C., I.]; 2774.14-15 (129, Ox) [2; C. with hemiolion]; XLII<\/strong> 3049A.14-15; 3049B.15-17 (247, Ox) [5]; XLIV<\/strong> 3198.14-16 (145\/6 or 170\/1, Ox) [2a?; C., DI.]; XLV<\/strong> 3266.16-21 (337, Ox) [2; DI.]; XLVII<\/strong> 3351.9-13 (34, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; XLIX<\/strong> 3485.13-18 (38, Ox) [2; C. DI]; LXI<\/strong> 4117.14-16 (240, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; 4124.1.14-17, 2.15-17 (318, Ox) [2; DI.]; 4125.20-23 (322, Ox) [2; DI.]; LXIII<\/strong> 4394.137-174 (494, Alex) [2]; LXIV<\/strong> 4439.19-23 (258\/9, Ox) [2a; C., DI.]; LXVI<\/strong> 4532.12-16 (85, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; LXXI<\/strong> 4828.1.17-23, 2.15-22 (195, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; LXXV<\/strong> 5052.22-25 (86\/7, Ox) [2; C. with hemiolia, DI.]; LXXVII<\/strong> 5109.37-48 (161\/2, Ox) [2; C., DI.?]; LXXIX<\/strong> 5211.2.13-15 (303, Ox) [2; DI]; 5122.12-20 [2a]; P.Oxy.Hels.<\/span><\/strong> 31.10-17 (86, Ox) [3: foreclosure, menein]; 36.10-14 (167, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; 43.21-26 (III, Ox) [2]; P.Panop.<\/strong><\/span> 20.1 (310, Panop)?; P.Petr.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 55a.12-16 (235\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Krok?) [2; C., DI.]; P.Pintaudi<\/span><\/strong> 32.3-5 (224, Ox?) [5; C.]: 33.14-16 (IVl<\/sup>, Antin) [5]; P.Prag.<\/span> I<\/strong> 31.15-16 (148, Herakleia) [5, dipl.]; III<\/strong> 218.10-13 (c. 610\/1?, ArsN) [3]; P.Princ.<\/strong><\/span> III<\/strong> 144.13-17 (219\/20 or 239\/40, PtolEu) [3]; P.Rein.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 105.7-10 (432, Ox) [2]; 106.12-15 (51, Euh) [2; DI.?]; P.Ryl.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 160c2.23-25 (32 SokN) [2a]; 160d2.20-21 (42, SokN) [1; C., I.]; IV<\/strong> 586.20-27 (99A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [2 with surety; C., I., DI.]; 587.17-19 (87A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [2 with surety; C., I.]; 662.14-19 (364, Antin) [5]; P.Sakaon<\/span><\/strong> 64.11-15 (307, Thead) [2; DI.]; 65.12-18 (328, Thead) [2; DI.]; 66.10-16 (328, Thead) [2; DI.]; 96.14-18 (303, Thraso) [2; DI.]; P.Select.<\/span><\/strong> 7.9-11 (314, Ox) [2; DI.]; P.Sorb.<\/span> I<\/strong> 17.13-18 (scr.int.), 14-18 (scr.ext.) (257A<\/sup><\/span>, Mermertha) [2; grain: PAA]; P.Stras.<\/span> IV<\/strong> 289.3-8 (48, UP) [2; C., I., grain: MP]; V<\/strong> 383.12-14 (147-155, ArsN); 437.16-18 (121, Bac) [3: hypallagma; C., I.]; VI<\/strong> 525.12-14? (98-117, Bac) [3: antichresis; C.]; VII<\/strong> 646.10 (117-138, ArsN); 659.4-5 (VI, ArsPol); VIII<\/strong> 746.13-15 (hyp.) (II, ArsN); IX<\/strong> 817.11-13 (IV, Herm?); P.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 390.20-26 (167, Teb) [3: antichresis]; III.1<\/strong> 815.bv<\/sup>.2.30-40 ll. 36-39 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb); 817.27-30 (182A<\/sup><\/span>, Krok) [2a; C., DI.]; 818.20-22 (174A<\/sup><\/span>, Trikomia) [2a]; III.2<\/strong> 970.16-19 (IIeA<\/span><\/sup>,<\/span> Krok) [3: foreclosure, hypothec]; 980.1-4 (153A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb) [2a]; P.Tebt.Wall<\/span><\/strong> 1.13-17 (98-138, Teb) [3: antichresis]; 9.16-18 (33, Teb) [5]; P.Ups.Frid<\/span><\/strong> 3.1-25, ll. 8-11 (122, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; P.Vind.Sijp.<\/span><\/strong> 13.15-20 (372, Herak) [2; C.]; P.Vind.Worp<\/span><\/strong> 10.3-8 (143\/4, SokN?) [2; C., I.]; P.Yadin<\/span><\/strong> 11.7-9 (scr.int.), 22-24 (scr.ext.) (124, En Gedi) [3: foreclosure]; 17.9-15 (scr.int.), 29-38 (scr.ext.) (128, Maoza) [5]; P.Yale<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 60.9-15 (6\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; 64.15-19 (74\/5, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; PSI<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 239.21-27 (601, Ox); IV<\/strong> 389.6-7 (243A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [2; C.]; VI<\/strong> 702.8-14 (III, Ox) [2; grain: MP]; VIII<\/strong> 929.18-24 (111, ArsN) [2]; IX<\/strong> 1028.14-16 (15, Teb) [2; grain: MP]; 1051.17-18 (26, SokN) [2; C., I.]; X<\/strong> 1131.20-24 (41, PtolEu) [2 with surety; C., I.]; XII<\/strong> 1253.13-18 (186, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; XIII<\/strong> 1311.8-10 (scr.int.), 30-32 (scr.ext.) (136A<\/sup><\/span>, Berenikis Thesmophorou) [C. I.]; 1319.2.56-59 (76 SokN) [2; C., I.]; SB<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 4501.9 (V, ArsN); III<\/strong> 7169.6-26, ll. 15-16 (IIA<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [2a; C., DI.]; 7170.5-7 (IIA<\/sup><\/span>, UP); V<\/strong> 7532.16-19 (74A<\/sup><\/span>, Nilopolis) [2 with surety; C., I.]; VI<\/strong> 9155.9-12 (223, ArsN) [2; vegetable seeds: MMP]; 9270.10-15 (337, UP) [2; DI.]; 9291.24-28 (93, Thead) [4]; 9366.9-14 (124A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2a; grain: MP (hemiolion); cash: DI];\u00a0VIII<\/strong> 9770.3-7 (511, ArsN) [2; DI.]; 9772.10-17 (VI, ArsN) [2a]; X<\/strong> 10222.12-18 (20, Ox) [2 with surety; C., DI.]; 10238.13-18 (37, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; 10246.11-16 (55, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; XII<\/strong> 10787.19-21 (133, Teb) [1]; 10804.30-32? (47 SokN) [2a]; 11058.9-11 (244A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [DI.]; 11059.7-9 (244A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [2 with surety; DI.]; XIV<\/strong> 11284.10-15 (102-116, UP) [C., DI.]; 11386.13-20 (288, PtolEu) [2; DI.]; 11491.16-22 (59, Ox) [2; C., DI.]; 12017.15-23 (156, Teb) [3: antichresis]; 12088.21-25 (346, Ox) [2; DI.]; 12105.19-27 (129, Thead) [5]; 12180.7-10 (186 Herak) [5]; XVI<\/strong> 12263.12-13 (41-54 or 54-68, Teb) [2]; 12812.9-11 (255A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil); 12954.13-14 (116, SokN) [2a]; 12986.6-8 (c.131-113A<\/sup><\/span>, PathN) [2 with surety; grain: MP]; 13030.8-12 (205, Alabastrine) [4; C., I., DI.]; XIV<\/strong> 11385.14-16 (326, ArsN) [2; DI.]; XVIII<\/strong> 13234.11-12 (98\/9, Haueris) [3: restraint]; 13255.2-5, 22-24 (231A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt) [2; C. hemiolion, I.]; XX<\/strong> 14605.6-9 (V, UP) [2a; \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5]; 14628.2-3 (214\/5, Ox) [2: dipl.]; 15163.8-9 ( II, ArsN); XXII<\/strong> 15240.19-22 (156A<\/sup><\/span>, Ammonias) [2a; grain: MP]; 15325.6 (176?, Kar) [1]; XXIV<\/strong> 16296.1-2 ll. 1-2 [3]; 16296.3-8 ll. 5-7 [3]; 16296.9-13 ll. 12-13 (all 182A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [3]; XXVIII<\/strong> 17164.14-17 (70-132, Murabaat) [2; DI]; 17265.a.3.3-9 ll. 7-8 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2]; 17265.b.1.1-4, ll. 3-4 (111\/10a<\/sup><\/span> Path) [2]; 17265.d.1.1-5, ll. 3-4 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2]; 17265d.1.6-10, ll. 8-10 (111\/10A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [2]; SPP<\/span> IV<\/strong> p. 116\u2013117, ll. 17-22 (109\/10, Euh) [2: DI.]; XX<\/strong> 51.11-18 (238, ArsN) [2; grain: MP]; 139.12-15 (531, ArsPol) [3: antichresis; DI.]; XXII<\/strong> 69.7-9 (186\/7, SokN) [1; DI.]; UPZ<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 125.18-28 (89A<\/sup><\/span>, Memphis) [2; C., DI., dam., breach, epit.]; II<\/strong> 190.11-14 (98A<\/sup>,<\/span> Thebes) [2; grain: MP].<\/p>\n

\n

23. Surrender of Purchased Object: Fungibles<\/h2>\n

Category: Surrender<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

One hundred ten contracts that record the sale of fungibles detail the terms of their future surrender to the purchaser. The clause is rare in the Ptolemaic period (3) but becomes more frequent in the Roman (22), late Roman (25) and, in particular, the Byzantine period. It appears primarily in the Arsinoite (32), Oxyrhynchite (28), and Hermopolite (26) nomes. The most-recorded commodity is wine (52 documents), followed by different types of grain (29) and other crops (18). The vocabulary is identical to that used in loan contracts for the repayment of loans and in leases for the payment of rent. The key verb is \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, sometimes replaced by \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u1f79\u03c9. In the Byzantine period, the aorist tense of \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f73\u03c7\u03c9 (\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd) becomes common but never sidesteps \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9 entirely. This similarity also applies in the form of the verb: the imperative aorist in the Ptolemaic period, replaced by the future indicative and the infinitive in the Roman era and the infinitive of the aorist tense, introduced by \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1f73\u03c9 or \u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u1f77\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9, in the Byzantine period. Periphrastic construction is used in 18 cases; the object is the commodity specified in the foregoing clause. For this reason, the relative pronoun \u1f45\u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 is commonly applied, either in the neutrum plural or the singular, referring back to the entire object of sale as reported in the preceding clause, or as a qualifier to a noun: \u1f45\u03bd\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u03bf\u1f36\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd, etc. An independent clause is used primarily in the periphrastic construction (\u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd) or when the document records two types of commodities and the scribe wishes to stipulate different delivery terms for each. See in particular P.Heid. V 359 (VI\/VII CE, Oxyrhynchites) ll. 7-12: \u03c4\u1f70 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03ad\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\\\u1f70\/ | 8\u00a0<\/sup>[\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1]\u1ff3 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c3\u1ff7 \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 | 9\u00a0<\/sup>[\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6]\u03bd\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u1ff6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 | 10<\/sup> [ \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f15]\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f30\u03bd\u03b4(\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2), \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bf\u1f36\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u1f78\u03bd | 11\u00a0<\/sup>[\u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03b3\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f00\u03b4\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9]\u03c2\u0323 \u1f14\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 | 12\u00a0<\/sup>[\u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cd\u03b3\u1fc3 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u039c\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u1f74 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f78\u03c2] \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f15\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7[\u03c2] \u1f30\u0323\u03bd\u0323\u03b4\u0323(\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2) (\u2018The produce, new, clean, thrashed in your measure, I shall perforce deliver to you in the month of Pauni of the present [ – – ] year of the present sixth indictio<\/em>, and we (sic!) are prepared to provide the wine from unfermented and unadulterated vintage at the vat in the time of the vintage, in the month of Mesore of the same sixth indictio<\/em>\u2019).<\/p>\n

Unlike the clause that anticipates the repayment of a loan, no fungible sale contract leaves the date of delivery to the buyer\u2019s initiative. It is always set in advance, although never naming a specific day but rather the month, using the constructions encountered elsewhere (\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f77 + name of month, with or without \u1f10\u03bd; \u03c4\u1ff7 + name of month + \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f77 with or without \u1f10\u03bd). An indication of the occasion of delivery, already noticed in the repayment-of-loan clause, is much more common in the sale clause: 30 of the 110 extant documents recording sale on delivery, compared to 19 of 762 loan repayment clauses (\u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cd\u03b3\u1fc3, \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cd\u03b3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03b4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd). Sixteen documents indicate both the occasion and the date: \u1f10\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cd\u03b3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u039c\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u1f74 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f77; \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f76 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03b4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd).<\/p>\n

A special provision regarding the shipment of the commodity, quite frequent in Ptolemaic loans, occurs in only five surrender clauses, three of which predate the Common Era. An account of the place of delivery outside the clause is, by contrast, quite frequent, recorded in 28 of the 110 texts, compared to only 12 in loan contracts. The \u2018no delay\u2019 formulation (e.g., \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2), recorded in the present context in 306 of 762 loan contracts, appears in somewhat lower numbers in the surrender clause: 37 of 110. The place may be a facility\u2014a wine vat or a threshing floor: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd, \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u1ff6\u03b9, \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f01\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u1f10\u03c6\u1fbd \u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ce\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2; \u1f10\u03c6\u1fbd \u1f01\u03bb\u1ff7; \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a4\u03b6\u03b7\u03c1\u1f70\u03c2\u2014or a place: \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4]\u03b9\u03ac\u0323\u03b4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b1\u0323\u1f50\u0323\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2; \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f10\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u1ff3; \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ce\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2; \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03ba\u03ce\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a3\u03b5\u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c0\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9; \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2; \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2. Unique to the surrender clause are two elements: [1]\u00a0<\/strong>an account of the origin<\/strong> of the product (both geographical: \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f51\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd; \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, and periodic: \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f50\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c2 \u1f15\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f30\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2; \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bd\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd. However, no fixed pattern is observed. [2]\u00a0<\/strong>In wine sales, the supply of jars by the purchaser is stipulated in 24 documents (\u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c6\u03b1 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd).<\/p>\n

The clause also records the measurement unit (metron<\/em>) to be used for delivery. Its rate of occurrence, 39 of 110, is somewhat lower than that evidenced in documents recording loans in kind: 80 of 163. The rate of occurrence in sale contracts is somewhat higher if we add the documents that record the metron<\/em> in the clause pertaining to the act of sale (10 documents). This brings the total to 49 documents, almost half of the 110 documents that exhibit the surrender clause. The same obtains for quality: 34 of 110 in the case of the surrender clause in sales on delivery, 66 of 163 in the case of the return-of-fungibles loan. Here again, however, the figures are somewhat misleading: among the 78 documents that do not record quality in the surrender clause, in 42 it is recorded in the creation clause, bringing the total number of documents that prescribe quality to 76. The adverb \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2\/\u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd, recorded in 94 clauses that govern the repayment of a loan, appears in 25 surrender clauses\u2014a somewhat higher but statistically insignificant rate. Mutual-surety (\u1f10\u03be \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03bd\u03b3\u03cd\u03b7\u03c2) and kindynos<\/em> formulations, quite rare in loans, are almost entirely absent in the surrender clause.<\/p>\n

In 39 documents, the surrender clause is followed by a clause prescribing a penalty for non-surrender. This clause is absent in 71 documents. In chronological terms, the period down to the end of the third century features 20 cases with both clauses and only 7 without the penalty; in the Byzantine period, by contrast, only 20 documents, mostly Hermopolite, exhibit both clauses while 64 documents, of diverse provenance, do not. Where no penalty clause appears, the surrender clause is followed directly by the praxis<\/em> clause. Here, the connection between praxis<\/em> and non-surrender is made explicit by the phrase \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2, which specifies the circumstances under which praxis<\/em> may be employed.\u00a0See, e.g., P.Sakaon<\/span> 94.8-17 (284 CE, Thraso): \u1f67\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 | 9<\/sup> \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f31 \u1f41|10<\/sup>[\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb]\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03a3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f69\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03be \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03b3(\u03cd\u03b7\u03c2) | 11<\/sup> [\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6]\u03bd\u03b9 \u03bc\u0323[\u03b7\u03bd\u1f76] \u03c4\u0323\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u1ff6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b2 (\u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2) \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 | 12<\/sup> [\u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5]\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u1ff3 [ \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323] \u03c4\u03b5\u0323\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bf[\u03b9]\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u1ff3 \u1f11\u03bd\u0323\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1|13<\/sup>[ \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c5]\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2\u00b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 (l<\/em>. \u1f00\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2) | 14\u00a0<\/sup>[\u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1ff7] \u0391\u1f50\u03c1\u03b7\u03bb\u03af\u1ff3 \u0394\u03b9\u03b4\u03cd\u03bc\u1ff3 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 | 15<\/sup> [\u1f14\u03ba \u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf]\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03a3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f69\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c9|16<\/sup>[\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7]\u03cc[\u03bd]\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ac|17<\/sup>[\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u1f10\u03ba \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 (\u2018… the delivery of which the declaring parties, Satabous and Horeion, will by necessity perform, acting as mutual guarantors, in the month of Pauni of the present 2nd<\/sup> year in the metropolis using the measure of four choinikes<\/em> … without delay. For the purpose of recovery, let Aurelios Didymos employ the right of execution from the declaring parties Satabous and Horeion and from all their properties as if resulting from a court sentence\u2019).<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Weber (1932): 102-135; Harrauer (1980):<\/span> 125-126; J\u00f6rdens (1990): 312-324; Kruit (1992a); (1992b): 169.<\/span><\/p>\n

apod<\/strong>.: \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9 (unless otherwise indicated, future indicative);\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0epan:<\/strong> \u1f10\u03c0\u1f71\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2, \u1f10\u03c0\u1f71\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 exhypar.<\/strong>: \u1f10\u03be \u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0is.<\/strong>: independent sentence;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0loc.<\/strong>: location;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0metr.<\/strong>: \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u1f73\u03c9;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0nd.:<\/strong> no delay, excuse, claim etc.;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0parad.:<\/strong> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0periph.<\/strong>: periphrastic construction;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 qual.<\/strong>: quality;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 rc.<\/strong>: relative clause<\/p>\n

BGU<\/span> III<\/strong> \u00a0837.36-41 (609, ArsPol) [periph., ind.fut., fixd.]; 873.c.1-6 (IV-VI, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., loc., fixd., anhyp., exhypar.]; 990.7-10 (208, Kar) [rc., ind.fut., loc., metr.]; 1015.7-15 (221\/2, HermN) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9, fixd., anhyp.]; 2048.3-9 (217, HermN) [rc., metr., qual., metr., no excuse]; XII<\/strong>\u00a02198.13-17 (545 or 560, Herm) [ind.fut., fixd., qual., no excuse]; 2199.8-11 (VI, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., qual., anhyp.]; 2205.12-17 (590, Herm) [is; ed.: \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9], qual., fixd., oc.]; 2207.13-16 (606, Herm) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9, fixd., qual., metr.]; 2208.17-24 (614, Herm) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9, fixd., \u1f00\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2]; 2209.15-19 (614, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., qual., metr.]; 2210.15-21 (617, Herm) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9, fixd., qual., \u1f00\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2]; XIII<\/strong> 2330.14-17 (89, SokN) [rc., inf.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 2331.13-16 (91, SokN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 2332.14-17 (374, PtolEu) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; XVII<\/strong> 2694.20-23 (608, Herm) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9; \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9]; 2695.13-16 (608, Herm) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9; qual.]; CPR<\/span> V<\/strong> 14.15-17 (475, Herak) [rc., ind.fut., \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u1fc7 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9, fixd., no excuse]; IX<\/strong> 25.7-9 (Vm<\/sup>, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., oc., qual., koupha];\u00a0X<\/strong> 23.6-9 (520\/1?, ArsPol) [periph., ind.fut., fixd.]; 24.3-5 (522\/3, ArsPol) [periph., ind.fut., fixd.]; 25.11-20 (526\/7?, ArsPol) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., metr., anhyp., exhypar.]; 38.11-16 (420, HerakN) [rc., epan., ind.fut., no excuse]; 39.14-18 (443, Herak) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd.]; 107a.15-16 (396, Ther) [epan., ind.fut., loc.]; 120.14-19 (523, ArsPol) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., metr., loc., \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd; exhypar.]; XIV<\/strong> 4.10-13 (VI, Alexandrou Nesos) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., koupha, place]; XVIII<\/strong> 5.94-99 (231A<\/sup><\/span>\/206A<\/sup><\/span>, Theog) [imp.aor., qual., metr.]; XIX<\/strong> 31.8-12 (Vs<\/sup>, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., qual., metr., koupha, anhyp.]; P.Alex.<\/span><\/strong> 38.5-6 (VI\/VII, ApolHept?) [ind.fut., initc.]; P.Amh.<\/span> II<\/strong> 150.24-31 (592, Ox) [rc., \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, qual., \u1f10\u03ba \u03bd\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd, anhyp., kind.]; P.Amst.<\/span> I<\/strong> 47.14-19 (537, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., oc., qual.]; 48.10-14 (VI, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., oc., qual., metr., koupha]; P.Ant.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 42.16-24 (557, Lenaiou) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, oc., fixd.]; P.Athen.<\/span><\/strong> 23.16-19 (82, Thead) [rc., imp.aor., fixd., loc., no excuse]; P.Athen.Xyla<\/span><\/strong> 6.2-6 (VI, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., oc., fixd., qual., metr., koupha]; P.Bad.<\/span> II<\/strong> 25.12-15 (III, PtolEu) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Bas.<\/span><\/strong> 5.3-6 (III, UP) [rc., periph., ind.fut.]; P.Bastianini<\/span><\/strong> 26.18-28 (VI, Ox) [ind.fut.]; P.Berl.Brash.<\/span><\/strong> 14.7-8 (304, OxN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., no excuse]; P.Cair.Isid.<\/span><\/strong> 89.5-8 (308, Kar?) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr., anhyp.]; 90.5-9 (309, Kar) [rc., epan., inf.fut., fixd., metr., anhyp.]; 91.8-12 (309, Kar) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., metr., qual., anhyp.]; 92.8-11 (314, Kar) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr.]; P.Col.<\/span> <\/strong>VII<\/strong> 177.10-15 (325, Kar) [rc., epan., inf.fut., fixd., loc., metr., qual., anhyp.]; 182.12-16 (372\/3, Kar) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; 183.13-16 (372, Kar) [rc., epan., fixd., loc., metr., qual., anhyp.]; P.Coll.Youtie<\/span> II<\/strong> 93.9-12 (VI, Herak) [rc., loc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Dion.<\/span><\/strong> 34.5-9 (116A<\/sup><\/span>, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., grain: qual., metr., ship.]; P.Edfou<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 2.5-8 (619, Apol) [rc.; \u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; oc., fixd., metr.]; P.Eirene<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 6.1? (VII, ArsN); 7.10-13 (615, HermN) [qual.; metr.]; 28.16-24 (577, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., loc., anhyp., exhypar.]; 29.19-25 (591-593, ArsPol) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., loc., anhyp., exhypar.]; P.Fay.<\/span><\/strong> 89.13-16 (9, Pelousion) [ind.fut., fixd., metr.]; P.Flor.<\/span> I<\/strong> 65.9-12 (570\/1, OxN) [epan., ind.fut., oc., anhyp., koupha]; III<\/strong> 314.12 (428, Enseu) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; P.Gen.<\/span> I<\/strong> 8.16-22 (141, Dionysias) [imp.aor., fixd., no excuse]; 15.2-3 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., metr.]; II<\/strong> 89.7-8 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Thead) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., loc.]; IV<\/strong> 190.11-14 (522\/3 ?, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., oc., fixd., qual., metr., koupha]; P.Genov.<\/span> I<\/strong> 30.12- (543, HermN) [rc., ind.fut.]; P.Hamb.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 21.2.5-8 (315, Ox) [rc., qual., epan., ind.fut., loc., fixd., no excuse]; 71.17-19 (149, Phil) [rc., qual., ind.fut.: ed.: \u03c0\u2039\u03b1\u203a\u03c1[\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9];]; P.Heid.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 355.5-9 (V\/VI, HermN) [rc., qual., ind.fut.]; 357.12-18 (507, HermN) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, fixd., qual., metr., anhyp.]; 358.7-10 (524\/5, OxN) [rc., qual., koupha, oc., epan., ind.fut., oc., anhyp.]; 359.7-12 (VI\/VII, OxN) [qual., metr., epan., ind.fut., fixd., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, oc.]; 361.23-27 (613, ArsPol) [periph., ind.fut., anhyp.]; VI<\/strong> 383.8-14 (209A<\/sup><\/span>, Oxyrhyncha) [rc., ind.fut. (\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c9), qual., fixd. (\u1f15\u03c9\u03c2), metr., ship.]; P.Hib.<\/span> I<\/strong> 84a.4-7, 20-22 (285\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, HerakN?) [imp.aor., loc., qual., metr.]; P.Kell.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 46.9-17 (IV Kellis) [ed:. \u1f10\u03c6\u02bc \u1fa7\u03c4\u0323\u03ad\u0323 | 10<\/sup> \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u0323\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u0323 (l<\/em>. \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd), fixd., no excuse]; P.K\u00f6ln<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 151.12-18 (423, KynopN) [\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, oc.]; 152.15-19 (477?, ArsN) [rc., \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, metr., fixd., anhyp.]; IV<\/strong> 192.8-9 (V\/VI, Nemaris?) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd];\u00a0P.Laur.<\/span> IV<\/strong> 176.11-13 (316, OxN?) [rc., periph., fixd., no excuse, epan., ind.fut.,]; P.Lond.<\/span> II<\/strong> 390.3-4 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [rc., apod.]; III<\/strong> 1001.12-21 (539, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., oc., fixd., metr., anhyp., koupha]; 1026a.14-15 (482\/497\/527, HermN?) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd*]; 1229.4-11 (145, UP) [future delivery of the cash]; V<\/strong> 1700.4-6 (VI, Aphr) [nd]; 1764.1a-3 (VI\/VII, OxN); 1774.9-16 (570, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; 1881.1-4 (VI, UP) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9(?), oc., fixd., anhyp.]; P.Lund.<\/strong> VI 10.10-11 (400, ArsPol\/Kastra Skenon Mandron) [periph., ind.fut.]; P.Meyer<\/span><\/strong> 5.2-6 (98-117, ArsN) [fixd., no excuse]; 7.12-18 (130, Polydeukia) [rc., periph., imp.aor., fixd., no excuse]; P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> IX<\/strong> 572.17-23 (131, Karanis) [periph., ind.fut., two installments: fixd., metr., anhyp.]; XI<\/strong> 608.6-12 (VI, OxN) [rc., qual., metr., epan., ind.fut., loc., koupha, anhyp.]; XIII<\/strong> 670.10-12 (527, Tanyaithis) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, oc., metr.]; P.Mil.<\/span><\/strong> I 4.9-14 (2A<\/sup><\/span>, Thead) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr.]; 5.10-16 (38, Thead) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., metr., loc.]; 8.14-19 (48, Thead) [rc., periph., imp.aor., fixd., loc.]; 52.10-13 (285, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., qual., no excuse]; P.M\u00fcnch.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 86.7-12 (IV, Tebetny) [ic.; periph.; loc.]; P.Naqlun<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 23.2-10 (c. 590-596, Naqlun) [periph., ind.fut., initc., fixd., koupha, anhyp.]; P.Neph.<\/span><\/strong> 34.4-7 (IV, UP) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd.]; P.Oslo<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 43.2-7 (140\/1, ProsopN?) [ind.fut., fixd., metr., loc., anhyp.]; P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 728.10-17 (142, Thosbis) [\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1[\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3]\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9, within]; XIV<\/strong> 1639.6-11 (73A<\/sup><\/span>\/44A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., qual., metr., ship.]; LVIII<\/strong> 3942.22-30 (606, Ox) [rc., qual., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, fixd., oc., anhyp.]; LXII<\/strong> 4349.12-15 (504, Ox) [\u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03bc\u1f72, \u1f22 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u1f72 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03b3\u03b3\u03c5\u03b7\u03c4\u1f74\u03bd – – \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, metr., fixd., \u1f10\u03ba \u03bd\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd]; LXXII<\/strong> 4901.10-12 (408, OxN) [\u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; fixd., anhyp., no excuse]; 4913.11-12 (462, Ox) [rc., qual., epan., ind.fut.]; LXXV<\/strong> 5069.16-17 (546, Ox) [rc., loc., qual.]; 5123.14-17 (555, Ox); P.Palau\u00a0Rib.<\/span><\/strong> 21.4-7 (VI, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., oc., qual., metr., koupha]; P.Prag.<\/span> I<\/strong> 44.11-15 (466, ArsN) [rc., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u1f61\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1, fixd., metr., loc.]; 46.10-14 (522, Antin) [allel., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, fixd., no excuse]; II<\/strong> 166.1-4 (VI\/VII, ArsPol) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., metr., \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd, \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03b2\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03c2]; P.Rain.Cent.<\/span><\/strong> 123.14-19 (478, Phebichis) [rc., ind.fut., \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u1fc7 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9, fixd., no excuse] ; P.Rein.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 101.6-12 (198-209, OxN) [rc., ind.fut., anhyp., oc., loc., \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae|[\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, pithos]; P.Ross.Georg.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 37.6-7 (VIm<\/sup>, Aphr) [\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fd6\u03bd \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f75\u03bd]; 39.4-5 (VI, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut.]; P.Sakaon<\/span><\/strong> 94.8-13 (284, Thraso) [rc., periph., epan.; fixd., metr., anhyp.]; P.Select.<\/span><\/strong> 2.4-8 (VI, HerakN) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd.]; 15.12-15 (435, HerakN) [rc., epan., ind.fut., metr., anhyp., no excuse]; P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 1.7-9 (435, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., oc., fixd., qual., metr., koupha, anhyp.]; III<\/strong> 203.10-13 (88\/9, UP) [rc., imp.aor., fixd., no excuse]; VII<\/strong> 696.1-2 (VI, Herm) [koupha]; P.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 109.18-23 (93A<\/sup><\/span>, Kerkeosiris) [imp.aor., fixd., qual., metr., loc., ship.]; P.Ups.Frid<\/span><\/strong>. 5.1.10-17, 2.10-17 (261, Ox) [rc., epan., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd, initc., \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1, anhyp.]; P.Wisc.<\/span> I<\/strong> 11.17-23 (646, Ox) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, oc.]; PSI<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 470.5-9 (103, Herm) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., qual., metr., no excuse]; X<\/strong> 1099.6-11 (6\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., qual., metr., ship., no excuse]; 1122.10-18 (VI, OxN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, fixd., koupha]; XII<\/strong> 1249.24-29 (265, Ox) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, loc., metr., no delay]; 1250.1-11 (265, Ox) [qual., oc., ship.]; 1251.13-20 (252, Ox) [rc., epan., ind.fut., within, loc., qual., metr., no excuse]; 1252.11-13 (III, Ox) [rc., epan., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9, oc.]; SB<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 4496.22-26 (593, ArsPol) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u1ff6, oc., \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd, exhypar.]; 4497.20-23 (616, ArsPol) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u1ff6, loc., fixd., \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd]; 4504.18-24 (613, This) [\u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, qual., koupha, oc., no delay]; 4505.20-27 (606, This) [\u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, qual., koupha, no delay]; 4675.3-10 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [periph., ind.fut., oc., loc., no excuse]; 4683.1-8 (VI\/VII, HermN) [\u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, metr.. ship.]; V<\/strong> 8264.13-20 (524, Ox) [rc., loc., qual., epan., ind.fut., oc., fixd., anhyp.] VI<\/strong> 9051.18-26 (VI, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., oc., fixd., qual., no excuse]; 9129.6-12 (136, HermN) [rc., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, allel., fixd., loc., metr., \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, hyper.]; 9280.16-21 (VIs<\/sup>, ArsPol) [rc., ind.fut., metr., loc., \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd, anhyp.]; 9282.3-7 (c. 500, HerakN) [rc., \u1f10\u03ba \u03bd\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, epan., ind.fut., loc., metr., anhyp., no excuse]; 9569.1-2 (91, UP); 9593.18-25 (VII, Herak) [periph., ind.fut., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f00\u03b3\u03b1\u03b8\u1fc6\u03c2, fixd., anhyp., no excuse]; VIII<\/strong> 9773.15-18 (540, Herak) [periph., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f00\u03b3\u03b1\u03b8\u1fc6\u03c2, fixd.]; XIV<\/strong> 11600.17-20 (91-96, Bacchias?) [periph., imp.fut., allel., fixd., no excuse]; 11617.13-15 (580, Ox) [\u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, ed.: \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4[\u1f70] \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c6\u03b1[\u03bd]\u03b7\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd | 15<\/sup> [\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1f74\u03bd], loc.]; 11907.13-19 (239, PtolEu) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., loc., metr., anhyp.]; 12109.9-15 (377, Kar) [rc., epan., ind.fut., loc., metr.]; XVI<\/strong> 12486.13-17 (470, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., oc., no excuse, qual., koupha]; 12488.9-11 (538, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., oc., qual., koupha]; 12489.7-10 (Vm<\/sup>, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., oc., qual., metr., koupha]; 12490.9-12 (VI, HermN) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9, fixd., qual., metr.]; 12491.3-6 (VI\/VII, HermN) [rc., \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, loc., fixd., metr.]; 12492.15-19 (638, HermN) [rc., \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9, fixd., qual., metr., no excuse]; 12585.21-30 (557, OxN?) [qual., metr., epan., ind.fut., fixd., \u1f10\u03ba \u03bd\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd, anhyp.]; 12639.19-23 (541, HerakN) [rc., loc., epan., qual., \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f00\u03b3\u03b1\u03b8\u1fc6\u03c2, oc.]; 13037.11-14 (522\/3, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., oc., qual., metr., koupha]; XVIII<\/strong> 13947.10-15 (507, OxN) [rc., qual., metr., ind.fut., fixd., \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bd\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd, anhyp.]; XX<\/strong> 14240.8-12 (VI, Aphr) [\u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, fixd., no excuse]; 14712.8-9 (498, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 15202.11-16 (VIf<\/sup>, Aphr) [rc., \u1f11\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, oc., metr.]; XXII<\/strong> 15595.6-7 (VI\/VII, HermN) [rc., \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, oc., qual.]; 15597.6-7 (537, Herm) [rc., metr., qual., koupha]; 15728.11-16 (347, Euh) [epan., inf.fut., allel., fixd., loc., metr., anhyp.]; XXIV<\/strong> 16129.3-6 (VI, HermN) [rc., ind.fut., oc., qual.]; 16265.3-6 (259\/60, OxN) [koupha, loc., anhyp., fixd.]; XXVI<\/strong> 16752.5-10 (494\/5, OxN) [rc., qual., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp.]; XXVIII<\/strong> 17248.6-10 (VI, Near Thebes) [fixd.]; XXX<\/strong> 17328.6-7 (546\/561, Herak) [rc., epan., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp., no excuse]; <\/span><\/strong>SPP<\/span> III<\/strong> 25.4-5 (VII, HerakN); 85.5-9 (VI\/VII, ArsN\/HerakN) [rc., ind.fut., fixd., metr., \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd]; 125.6 (VI\/VII, ArsN); 135.7-8 (VI, Tin) [fixd., koupha]; 151.4 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [fixd., koupha]; 163.4-5 (VI, Touroubestis\/ArsPol) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 175.5-6 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [fixd.]; 193.3 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [fixd., \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03b9\u03b2\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03c2]; 196.5 9 (VI\/VII, ArsN?) [rc., ind.fut., fixd.]; 200.4-5 (VII, HerakN) [fixd., kindynos]; 205 + 363, 3-4 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [ind.fut., fixd.]; 357.3-4 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [fixd.]; 396.4-7 (VI\/VII, ArsN); 432.4 (VII\/VIII, OxN) [fixd.]; XX<\/strong> 148.12-18 (VI, HerakN) [periph., ind.fut., fixd., anhyp, no excuse]; T.Varie<\/span><\/strong> 8.7-9 (669, Syron Kome\/Palosis) [epan., \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u2039\u03c3\u03c9\u203a, fixd., qual., koupha].<\/p>\n

\n

24. Wine Quality Warranty<\/h2>\n

Category: Warranty<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

Just like the clause introducing compensation for the degradation of wine quality by the delivery date, a clause that expresses the seller\u2019s obligation to vouch for the quality of the wine is attested only in the Byzantine period (524\u2013619 CE). There are, however, some differences: the compensation for degradation is recorded in 27 documents from all key Middle Egyptian nomes whereas the quality warranty appears in only eight, all from the Oxyrhynchite nome. The complete text with both clauses runs as follows (P.Lond. V 1764.3-7: VI\/VII CE, Oxyrhynchites): \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u0323\u03b9 \u03b4\u1f72 | 4<\/sup> \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03bb\u0323\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u1f74\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u1f74\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u1f45\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 | 5<\/sup> \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03a4\u1fe6\u03b2\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u1f78\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b5\u1f34\u03b3\u03b5 \u03b5\u1f51\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b7 \u1f10\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f40\u03be\u03b7 (l<\/em>. \u1f40\u03be\u03ad\u03b1) | 6<\/sup> \u1f24\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c6\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bb\u03b1 \u1f10\u03bc\u1f72 \u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03be\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f70 \u1f34\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 | 7<\/sup> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03af\u1ff3 (l<\/em>. \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u1ff3) \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u1ff3 (\u2018I guarantee the good quality and durability of the wine up to and including the whole month of Tybi, and if there be found in it any sour or inferior wines I will replace them and supply you with the same amount in wine of the best quality\u2019).<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Pringsheim (1950): 493-496; Harrauer (1980): 125; J\u00f6rdens (1990): 325-326; Kruit (1992a), (1992b): 169; Jakab (2009): 133-136.<\/span><\/p>\n

P.Bad.<\/span> IV<\/strong> 55.22-25 (VI\/VII, Hipponon\/Sephtha\/Sento); P.Col.<\/span> VIII<\/strong> 245.18-21 (VI, Ox); P.Flor.<\/span> I<\/strong> 65.12-13 (570\/1, OxN); P.Lond.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 1764.3-5 (VI\/VII, OxN); P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> XI<\/strong> 608.14-15 (VI, OxN); P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> LXI<\/strong> 4132.28-30 (619, Ox); P.Wisc.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 11.24-26 (646, Ox);<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0SB<\/span> V<\/strong> 8264.21-22 (524, Ox).<\/p>\n

\n

25. Totally Degraded Wine Quality<\/h2>\n

Category: Warranty, Penalty<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

Clauses anticipating the complete degradation of wine by delivery time are all Byzantine, dating to 522\/3\u2013669 CE. The condition is differently described by nome: [1]<\/strong>\u00a0Hermopolites: \u03b5\u1f30 \u03b5\u1f50\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b7 \u1f44\u03be\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f22 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f22 \u1f40\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2 + date (\u2018Should any of the same wine be found to be sour or unfit for use or moldy up to and including (+ month name)\u2019); [2]<\/strong> Herakleopolites, and possibly the Arsinoites: \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b5\u1f55\u03c1\u1fc3\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd (i.e., the wine) \u1f44\u03be\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f22 \u1f40\u03b6\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (\u2018If you find the wine to have become sour or moldy\u2019); [3]\u00a0<\/strong>Oxyrhynchite: \u03b5\u1f34\u03b3\u03b5 \u03b5\u1f51\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b7 \u1f10\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f40\u03be\u03ad\u03b1 \u1f24\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c6\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bb\u03b1 (once: \u1f40\u03b6\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1) (\u2018And if there be found in it any sour or inferior wines …\u2019). The vendor is required to give good wine in exchange, but here too the formulation varies by nome: [1]<\/strong>\u00a0Hermopolites: \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03be\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u02bc \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u1ff7 \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u1ff3\/ \u1f10\u03ba \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 (\u2018I will offer you a replacement of good wine\u2019); [2]<\/strong>\u00a0Herakleopolites: \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 (\u2018I will offer you good wine in exchange\u2019). [3]<\/strong> Oxyrhynchites: \u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03be\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03af\u1ff3 \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u1ff3 (\u2018I will replace it and offer you a wine of best quality\u2019). Documents from the Hermopolite nome include the \u2018without delay or excuse\u2019 formulation. The general hypothec<\/em> is optional. Cf., e.g., CPR IX 25.10-13 (Vm<\/sup> CE, Hermopolites): \u03b5\u1f30 \u03b5\u1f51\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b7 \u1f44\u03be\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f22 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f22 \u1f40\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc(\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2) \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6] | 11<\/sup> \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c5 \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2 \u03a4\u0323\u1fe6\u0323\u03b2\u0323\u03b9\u0323 \u03bc\u0323[\u03b7\u03bd\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f30\u03bd\u03b4(\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2) \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1ff6 \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03be\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd \u03bf\u1f34\u03bd\u1ff3 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u1ff7] | 12<\/sup> \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u0323[\u1f78 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ad\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4]\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2\u0323 [\u03ba\u03b1]\u03b8[\u03ac\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1] | 13<\/sup> \u1f10\u03ba \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 (\u2018Should any of the same wine be found sour or unfit for use or moldy up to and including the month of Tybi of the same indiction, I acknowledge that I will offer you in exchange wine of good quality, all my property serving as security for this debt as if following a court action\u2019).<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Pringsheim (1950): 493-496; Harrauer (1980): 126; J\u00f6rdens (1990): 326-327; Kruit (1992a) (1992b); Jakab (2009): 146-150.<\/span><\/p>\n

BGU XII <\/strong>2207.16-18 (606, Herm) [1];\u00a0 <\/span>2209.19-23 (614, Herm) [1]; XVII<\/strong> 2695.16-21 (608, Herm) [1]; CPR<\/strong><\/span> IX<\/strong> 25.10-13 (Vm<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; P.Amst.<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 48.15-18 (VI, HermN) [1]; P.Ant.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 42.19-21 (557, Lenaiou) [1]; P.Athen.Xyla<\/span><\/strong> 6.7-15 (VI, HermN) [1]; P.Bad.<\/strong><\/span> IV<\/strong> 55.25-28 (VI\/VII, Hipponon\/Sephtha\/Sento) [3]; P.Coll.Youtie<\/strong><\/span> II<\/strong> 93.12-14 (VI, Herak) [2]; P.Edfou<\/span> I<\/strong> 2.8 (619, Apol) [1]; P.Eirene<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 6.2-3 (VII, ArsN); P.Flor.<\/span> I<\/strong> 65.12-15 (570\/1, OxN) [3]; P.Gen.<\/strong><\/span> IV<\/strong> 190.15-18 (522\/3?, HermN) [1]; P.Lond.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 1764.3-7 (VI\/VII, OxN) [3]; P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> XI<\/strong> 608.13-17 (VI, OxN) [3]; P.Naqlun<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 23.11-12 (c. 590-596, Naqlun) [1]; P.Palau\u00a0Rib.<\/span><\/strong> 21.8-13 (VI, HermN) [1]; P.Ross.Georg.<\/span>V<\/strong> 39.5-7 (VI, ArsN); P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> VII<\/strong> 696.3-6 (VI, Herm) [1]; SB<\/strong><\/span> I<\/strong> 4822.1-3 (VI, ArsN) [2]; V<\/strong> 8264.22-24 (524, Ox) [3]; XVI<\/strong> 12488.12-16 (538, HermN) [1]; 12489.10-13 (Vm<\/sup>, HermN) [1]; 12490.4-9 (VI, HermN) [1]; 12491.6-10 (VI\/VII, HermN) [1]; 12492.19-22 (638, HermN) [1]; 12639.23-27 (VI, ArsN);\u00a0 13037.15-18 (522\/3, HermN) [1]; XXII<\/strong> 15595.8-9 (VI\/VII, HermN) [1]; 15597.8-9 (537, Herm) [1]; XXIV<\/strong> 16129.7 (VI, HermN); XXVIII<\/strong> 17014.3-6 (528\/9?, Herak) [1]; 17248.10-12 (VI, Near Thebes) [2];\u00a0XXX<\/strong> 17328.7-8 (546 or 561, Herak) [2]; SPP<\/span> III<\/strong> 141.4 (VI\/VII, ArsPol); 144 + 381.4 (VI, Kynon or ArsPol); 205 + 363, ll. 5-6 (VI\/VII, ArsN); 432.5 (VII\/VIII, OxN); T.Varie<\/span><\/strong> 8.9-11 (669, Syron Kome\/Palosis) [3].<\/p>\n

\n

26. Assertion of Payment<\/h2>\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

Following the clause regulating the terms of loan repayment, Oxyrhynchite and Arsinoite scribes include a prohibition against the debtor claiming to have repaid the debt without providing written documentation. The earliest precisely dated Greek evidence of this injunction dates to 484 CE, the latest to 591\/2 CE. Cf., e.g., P.Oxy. XVI 1891.15-20 (495 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76] \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f10\u03be[\u03b5\u1fd6]\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1[\u03bf]\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 | 16<\/sup> \u1f51\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3[\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5]\u03c1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd [\u03bf]\u1f54\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f11\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u1f70\u03bd | 17<\/sup> \u03bf\u1f54\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03c9\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f76\u03c2 \u1f10\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd | 18<\/sup> \u1f10\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f22\u0323 \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03b4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 | 19<\/sup> \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u02bc \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f21 \u03b5\u1f34\u03c3\u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b5 \u1f10\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd | 20<\/sup> \u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd (\u2018and I am forbidden when each term arrives to delay repayment or to demand another period or to state that I have paid any part of said debt without a written document and a joint receipt or before the recovery of this bond, but you shall have the right to effect repayment upon both myself and all my property\u2019. (transl.: editio princeps<\/em>, p. 102). A similar case is discussed in the parachoresis<\/em> BGU IV 1127.20 (18 BCE, Alexandria) where the conveyor is prohibited from asserting that he has not received the price: \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u1f74{\u03b9} \u1f10\u03be\u2039\u03b5\u203a\u1fd6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u1f08\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u1ff3 \u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u2039\u03b5\u203a\u03b9\u03bd\u00b7 \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03b5\u0323\u03af\u0323\u03bb\u0323\u03b7\u0323\u03c6\u0323\u03b1\u0323.<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Hode\u010dek \u2013 Mitthof (2005).<\/span> Demotic parallel in Felber (1997): 2.1.8.<\/span><\/p>\n

BGU<\/span> IV<\/strong> 1127.20-22 (18A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex); P.Coles<\/span><\/strong> 29.7-11 (V\/VI, Ox?); P.Leid.Inst.<\/span><\/strong> 17 side II a ll. 11-12 (IVm<\/sup>, UP); P.Oxy.<\/span> VIII<\/strong> 1130.17-20 (484, Senokomis); XVI<\/strong> 1891.15-19 (495, Ox); LXIII<\/strong> 4394.134-136 (494,<\/span> Ox); <\/span><\/span>P<\/span>.Warr.<\/strong><\/span> 10.27-28 (591\/2, Ox); SB<\/strong><\/span> VIII<\/strong> 9770.8-9 (511, ArsN); XXX<\/strong> 17328.8-9 (546\/561, Herak); SPP<\/span> XX<\/strong> 139.16 (531, ArsPol).<\/p>\n

\n

27. Failure to Surrender Object of Purchase<\/h2>\n

Category: Penalty, Surrender<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

In 222 documents that record the sale of fungibles, the terms of their future delivery by the vendor to the purchaser are set forth. In 65 of these documents, the possibility that the vendor will not deliver the commodity as scheduled is anticipated. The clause is particularly common in documents recording the sale of wine (21 of 87 texts concerning delivery, mostly Byzantine) and of grain (20 of 48, mostly Ptolemaic and Roman). Down to the third century, the prevailing rule is a proportional payment by measurement unit<\/strong> (artaba<\/em>, keramion<\/em>). The standard is flexible: \u2018market value\u2019 in the Ptolemaic period, value at the time repayment falls due in the Roman. In the Ptolemaic and Roman periods, the verb denoting the payment of indemnity is \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u1f77\u03bd\u03c9 or \u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u1f77\u03bd\u03c9. In the Byzantine period, the future form of \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03c9 becomes predominant. In the Ptolemaic and Roman periods, the clause is followed by the praxis<\/em> clause; in the Byzantine period, it comprises the kindynos<\/em> formula, which has the same function. Cf., e.g., P.Bas. 5.9-10 (III CE, Unknown Provenance): \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03b9 (l<\/em>. \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u1ff6\u03b9) \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c7\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u1f50\u03ac\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5[\u03b9]\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u1fc3 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8[\u03b5\u03c3]|10<\/sup>\u03bc\u03af\u1fb3, \u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u2039\u03b5\u203a\u03b9 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4{\u03b5}\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03bd (\u2018If he does not deliver the fodder in acceptable quality on the time stated above, let him (viz., the vendor) pay him (viz., the purchaser) as indemnity the highest value of the fodder at the time due for delivery\u2019). The rule changes in the Byzantine period; now the vendor owes a lump sum as the penalty irrespective of the quantity or value of the undelivered commodity. Cf., e.g., P.Lond. III 1001.21-26 (539 CE, Hermopolites): \u03b5\u1f30 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 | 22<\/sup> \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u0323\u03b7\u03b8\u1ff6 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd\u0323 \u03b1(\u1f50)\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd wheat \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bf\u1f36\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u0323 | 23<\/sup> \u1f10\u03bd [\u03c4]\u1fc7 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc7 \u03c0\u03c1\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u1fb3 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2\u0323 \u03c4\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03cd\u0323\u03c4\u0323\u03c9\u0323[\u03bd] | 24<\/sup> \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bf(\u1fe6) \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u1f13\u03be \u03b5\u1f50\u03b8\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd\u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03b4 \u0323[ \u0323] | 25<\/sup> \u03c4\u0323\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b1(\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2) \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f30\u03b4\u03af\u1ff3 \u03bc\u0323\u03bf(\u03c5) \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u1ff3 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7[\u03c2] | 26<\/sup> \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2. (\u2018If I am unable to give you the same grain and wine on the date due for delivery, I will immediately pay you on account of their price six gold keratia<\/em> – – at the risk of my own property\u2019).<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Montevecchi (1944): 134-135; Visky (1970): 347; Packman (1975): 290-295; (1983): 21-26; J\u00f6rdens (1990): 327-328; Jakab (2009): 150-151.<\/span><\/p>\n

BGU<\/span> II<\/strong> 542.18-22 (165, Athenas Kome) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd (rest.); land, parachoresis: hemiolion, dam., exp., fisc]; XII<\/strong> 2198.17-22 (545 or 560, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; hyp.gen.; chortos: fixed price]; 2208.25-29 (614, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9; in kind: straw: fixed amount]; 2209.23-26 (614, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9; in kind: wine: lump sum]; 2210.22-25 (617, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9; in kind; reed: value]; XIII<\/strong> 2331.16-17 (91, SokN) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9: barley]; XVII<\/strong> 2693.1-3 (VI\/VII, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9; in kind; value]; 2694.28-33 (608, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9; in kind; barrel (koupha)]: fixed amount]; 2695.21-25 (608, Herm) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9; in kind: wine: lump sum]; P.Ant.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 42.24-27 (557, Lenaiou) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; hyp.gen.; wine: lump sum]; P.Athen.<\/span><\/strong> 23.20-21 (82, Thead) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd; praxis; wine: hemiolia]; P.Bas.<\/span><\/strong> 5.9-10 (III, UP) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9; praxis; fodder: proportional, value at time of due delivery]; P.Col.<\/span> IV<\/strong> 76.13-15 (247A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c9; vine props: proportional; dam.]; P.Dion.<\/strong><\/span> 34.9-14 (116A<\/sup><\/span>, HermN) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c9; praxis: grain: fixed price]; P.Eirene II 7.13-18 (615, HermN); P.Fay.<\/span><\/strong> 89.16-19 (9, Pelousion) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c9; vegetable seeds, barley: per missing object]; P.Gen.<\/span> I<\/strong> 15.3-4 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [ed.: \u1f10\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5\u0323 \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u0323\u03bd\u0323 \u1f00\u0323\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9; grain: lump sum]; II<\/strong> 89.11-16 (5A<\/sup><\/span>, Thead) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c9; wheat: hemiolia, MMP]; P.Grenf.<\/span> II<\/strong> 16.8-9 (136A<\/sup><\/span>, Path) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9; mulberry-tree, hemiolion]; P.Hamb.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 21.2.8-10 (315, Ox) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd; praxis; flax: proportional, value at time of due delivery, dipl.]; 71.19-22 (149, Phil) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9; praxis; fodder: proportional, value at time of due delivery, hemiolia]; P.Heid.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 355.9-15 (V\/VI, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9; in kind; barley: lump sum]; 361.27-31 (613, ArsPol) [meat; lump sum]; VI<\/strong> 383.8-14 (209A<\/sup>,<\/span> Oxyrhyncha) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c9; price: hemiolion]; P.Hib.<\/span> I<\/strong> 84a.7-9, 23-25 (285\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, HerakN ?) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9; praxis; wheat: proportional]; P.Laur.<\/span> IV<\/strong> 176.13-14 (316, OxN) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd; praxis; flax: proportional, value at time of due delivery: dipl.]; P.Lond.<\/span> III<\/strong> 1001.21-26 (539, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9; in kind; wine, grain: lump sum]; V<\/strong> 1881.4-7 (VI, UP) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; wine; lump sum]; P.Meyer<\/span><\/strong> 7.18-21 (130, Polydeukia) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9; praxis; beans: proportional, hemiolia and interest]; P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> IX<\/strong> 572.23-25 (131, Kar) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9; grain: agora maximum]; XIII<\/strong> 670.12-16 (527, Tanyaithis) [restraint, no excuse; grain]; P.Mil.<\/span> I<\/strong> 4.12-21 (2A<\/sup><\/span>, Thead) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c9; wheat: hemiolia, MMP]; 5.16-22 (38, Thead) [hemiolia, MMP]; 8.19-20 (48, Thead) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9; praxis; barley: proportional, hemiolia]; 52.14-16a (285, Ox) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c9; praxis; flax: dipl.]; P.Neph.<\/span><\/strong> 34.7-8 (IV, UP) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c9; grain, wine: interest]; P.Oslo<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 43.7-9 (140\/1, ProsopN?) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c9; praxis; wine: dipl.];<\/strong> P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 729.17-22 (142, Thosbis) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9; praxis]; XIV<\/strong> 1639.11-13 (73A<\/sup><\/span>\/44A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd, praxis; wheat: proportional]; LXII<\/strong> 4349.15-19 (504, Ox) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9; grain: lump sum]; P.Palau\u00a0Rib.<\/span><\/strong> 21.13-15 (VI, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; wine: lump sum]; P.Prag.<\/span> I<\/strong> 46.14-15 (522, Antin) [hyp.gen.; vessels: value]; P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> IV<\/strong> 203.10-12 (88\/9, UP) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9; praxis; not clear: proportional, hemiolia]; VII<\/strong> 696.10-14 (VI, Herm) [hyp.gen.; wine: lump sum]; P.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 109.23-25 (93A<\/sup><\/span>, Kerkeosiris) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd; praxis; wheat: proportional, MP, hemiolia]; P.Ups.Frid<\/span><\/strong>. 5.17-20 (261, Ox) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd; praxis; wheat: proportional, dipl.]; PSI<\/span><\/strong> X<\/strong> 1099.11-14 (6\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd; praxis; wheat: proportional]; XII<\/strong> 1249.29-31 (265, Ox) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd; wine: proportional?, value at time of due delivery, dipl.]; 1250.11-14 (265, Ox) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd; praxis; wine: proportional?; value at time of due delivery, dipl.]; 1251.20-23 (252, Ox) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c9; praxis; wheat: proportional?; value at time of due delivery, dipl.]; SB<\/span> VI<\/strong> 9051.11-14 (VI, HermN) [grain: lump sum]; 9569.2-5 (91, UP) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd; praxis; wine: proportional, dipl.]; 11600.20-25 (91-96, Bac?) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd, praxis;<\/strong> grain: hemiolia]; XIV<\/strong> 11907.17-19 (239, PtolEu) [no verb; praxis; vegetable seeds: proportional?, value at time of due delivery]; XVI<\/strong> 12488.16-18 (538, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; wine: lump sum]; 12490.9-12 (VI, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9; wine: lump sum]; 12491.10-14 (VI\/VII, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; in kind; wine: lump sum]; 12492.22-27 (638, HermN) [\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd; in kind; wine: lump sum]; XXII<\/strong> 15595.9-11 (VI\/VII, HermN) [\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9; wine: lump sum]; XXIV<\/strong> 16265.6-7 (259\/60?, OxN) [\u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c9; praxis; wine: proportional?]; SPP<\/span> III<\/strong> 357.5 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [market price?]; 381v<\/sup><\/span>\u00a0 (VI, Kynon\/ArsPol); 396.8 (VI\/VII, ArsN)?; XXII<\/strong> 20.16-21 (3?A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9; donkey: hemiolia; interest; damage; epit.].<\/p>\n

\n

28. Return of Dowry<\/h2>\n

Category: Termination<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

Ptolemaic marriage documents do not regulate divorce directly. Instead, they deal with the consequences of violating marital duties and, in turn, the loss of the dowry by the wife or its restitution with an added sum by the husband, depending on which of the two has violated the terms of the marriage. In the Roman period, a change occurs such that each party can dissolve the union without having to prove misconduct on the other\u2019s part. BGU<\/span><\/strong> I 252.7\u20139 (98 CE, Ptolemais Euergetis) may be treated as paradigmatic in this respect, at least as far as the Arsinoite nome is concerned: \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4[\u1f72] \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 [\u03c7]\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03c9\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u02bc \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03ae\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd, \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc[\u03c4]\u03c9 \u1f41 \u03a3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2(\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c2) | 8<\/sup>\u00a0[\u03a4\u03b1\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03ac]\u03b8\u1fc3 \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 [\u03c4\u1fc6]\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1[\u03b3\u03c5]\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f11[\u03ba]\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd, \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03c0\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1, \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f11\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af|9<\/sup>[\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u1fc6\u03c2] \u1f10\u03bd \u1f21\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9[\u03ac]\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1, \u1f00\u03c6\u02bc \u1f27\u03c2 [\u1f10\u1f70]\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03b1[\u03b9]\u03c4[\u03b7]\u03b8\u1fc7 (\u2018But if a difference arises between them and they separate from one another, let Satabous pay back to Taarpagathe the hundred drachms of the pherne<\/em> on the occasion of a divorce forthwith; in the case of willful departure within thirty days of the day in which it is claimed back\u2019.). The terms that denote the spouses\u2019 rift are \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u1f71 and \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u1f79\u03c2, the former (\u2018dispute\u2019, \u2018disagreement\u2019) leading to the latter, the \u2018separation\u2019 which is, in this case, expressed through the medial voice followed by \u1f00\u03c0\u02bc \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03ae\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd. The consequence, the restitution of the dowry, is expressed by means of \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, a well-known verb in clauses dealing with the repayment of a loan, payment of consideration in the case of sale of genus chattel, and payment of rent in leases.<\/p>\n

A wife\u2019s right to recover her entire dowry in any type of divorce is not denied. The clause, however, distinguishes between the circumstances of the divorce in a way that affects the modalities of this restitution. Thus, in \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03c0\u1f75, a divorce initiated by the husband, the dowry must be returned immediately (\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1). If it is the wife who initiates the divorce\u2014a type of rupture that the Arsinoite source material specifies as \u1f00\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u1f75\u2014she should first demand the return of the dowry (\u1f00\u03c0\u03b1\u1f77\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2), which her husband is obligated to meet within the specified period.\u00a0Some scribes specify the condition of the pherne<\/em> upon recovery. See, for example, P.Mil.Vogl.<\/span> II 71.11\u201313: [\u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5]\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u02bc \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb[\u03ae\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd, \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03c4\u03c9 (l<\/em>. \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9) \u1f41 \u1f08]\u03bc\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03a4\u03b5\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c3\u03ac\u03ca\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u0395\u1f50\u03b4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u1f74\u03bd | 12\u00a0<\/sup>[\u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4]\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u1ff3 \u03ba\u03b1[\u1f76 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u03c4\u1f70 \u1f31\u03bc\u03ac]\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f22 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4{\u03b5}\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd | 13\u00a0<\/sup>[\u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03bc\u1f72\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03c0\u1fc6\u03c2] \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1, \u1f10\u0323\u03c0\u0323\u1f76\u0323 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f11\u03ba[\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd \u1f21\u03bc]\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f11\u03be\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u2018But if a difference arises between them and they separate from one another, let Ammonas pay back to Tephorsais, also known as Eudaimonis, the aforesaid dowry, two quarters of gold in the same jewellery and – – the clothing, including what is missing<\/em> or their aforesaid value, in the case of divorce, forthwith, in that of willful departure within sixty days\u2019).<\/p>\n

As soon as additional subcategories of dowries\u2014the parapherna<\/em> and the prosphora\u2014<\/em>are created, they are also individually treated in the divorce clause. For the parapherna<\/em>, the general rule is immediate restitution under all circumstances. Some documents also specify the qualities of the parapherna<\/em> upon restitution: \u03c4\u1f70 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u1f37\u03b1 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba\u03b2\u1fc6\u03b9 (\u2018the parapherna<\/em>, as they result from wear and tear\u2019). In the rules regarding the prosphora<\/em>, a dowry category comprised of land and slaves, the terminology is quite different: restitution is denoted not by the verb \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1f77\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9, with the husband as the subject, but with various other terms: \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u1f77\u03b6\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 (\u2018recover\u2019), \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u1f71\u03c9 (\u2018drag away\u2019), in which the subject is the wife, the person who originally delivered them, or simply the third-person singular imperative or infinitive of \u03b5\u1f30\u03bc\u1f77, in which the subject is the object of return and the beneficiaries are expressed in the genitive.<\/p>\n

The Byzantine evidence is sparse. In the only readily reconstructable clause, that of P.Cair.Masp.<\/span> III 67340r<\/sup> ll. 35\u201339 (VI CE, Antinoopolis), the husband is liable to a penalty in the sum of 1 gold litra<\/em> in the event of an ungrounded divorce: \u03b5\u1f30 \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f61\u03c2 | 36<\/sup> \u03b5\u1f30\u03ba\u1f78\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cc\u03be\u1fc3 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c4\u03b1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u0323[\u03bb]\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03af\u03c7\u03b1 | 37<\/sup> \u03bf\u1f35\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u0323[\u1f30\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f50\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5(?) \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03b9]\u03bd | 38<\/sup> \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03af[\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3 \u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bb\u03af\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2] | 39<\/sup> \u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c2 [ -ca.?- ] (\u2018If, as is clear, he (the husband) decides to cast her (his wife) out without any reasonable cause, he shall provide her with three gold litras<\/em> on account of penalty\u2019).<\/p>\n

Bibl. Montevecchi (1936): 20-21, 75-78; H\u00e4ge (1968) 75-91, 160-171, 238-244, 277-282; Yiftach (2003): 208-214.<\/span><\/p>\n

apop.<\/strong>: apopompe;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0apal.<\/strong>: apallage;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 cph.<\/strong>: conditions pherne;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 cpar.<\/strong>: conditions parapherna;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 cpro.<\/strong>: conditions prosphora<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

BGU<\/span> I<\/strong> 183.8-9 (85, SokN); 251.5-6 (81, SokN); 252.7-9 (98, PtolEu) [apop., apal.]; III<\/strong> 717.15-22 (149, ArsN) [chorismos]; IV<\/strong> 1045.21-25 (154, Alabanthis?) [cph.; (proix): apop., apal.]; CPR<\/span> I<\/strong> 22.22-29? (158, ArsN) [cph.; cpro.: apop., apal.]; 24.27-33 (136, PtolEu) [cph.; cpar.; cpro.: apop., apal.]; 27.16-23 (189, PtolEu) [cph.; cpar.; cpro.: apop., apal.]; 28.6-7 (110, PtolEu) [cph.]; 235.1?-10 (II, ArsN) [cph.; cpar.; cpro.]; 236.7-9 (81-96, SokN) [apop., apal.]; 237.8-11 (II, ArsN) [cpar.]; VII<\/strong> 33.21-30 (II, UP) [cpro.; apop.]; P.Amst.<\/span> I<\/strong> 38.12-15 (II, UP); P.Bodl.<\/span><\/strong> I 61d.9-12 (II, ArsN) [apop., apal.]; P.Cair.Masp.<\/span> III<\/strong> 67340r<\/sup>.35-39 (VI, Antin) [ed.: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03b9]\u03bd | \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03af[\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u1ff3];]; P.Dura<\/span><\/strong> 30.28-35 (232, Qatna); P.Flor.<\/span> I<\/strong> 24.12-17 (IIIm<\/sup>, ArsN) [cpar.]; P.Gen.<\/span> I<\/strong> 21.12-14 (II, UP) [apal.]; P.Hamb.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 220.10-14 (223\/4, PtolEu?) [cpher.: apop., apal.]; P.Ifao<\/span> I<\/strong> 30.22-28 (138-160, ArsN) [cpar.: apop., apal.]; P.Lond.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 294.20-27 (160, PtolEu) [cph.: apop., apal.]; P.Lund<\/span><\/strong> VI<\/strong> 3.14-25 (139, UP) [apal.]; P.Mert.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 72.23-27 (162, Teb); P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 339.3-4 (46, Teb); 340.41-55 (45\/6, Teb) [apop., apal.]; 341.5-6 (47, Teb) [cpro.]; 343.8 (54, Teb); XV<\/strong> 700.13-15 (143\/153, Kar) [cph.]; P.Mich.Inv.<\/strong>\u00a0 92.13-21 (73\/4, Ox);\u00a0P.Mil.Vogl.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 71.11-14 (172-175, Teb) [cph.: apop., apal.]; P.Oxy.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 265.17-19, 20-26 (81-96, Ox) [cph.; cpro.]; 267.1-34, ll. 16-18, 18-21 (37, Ox) [cph.]; 372.13-15 (74\/5, Ox); III<\/strong> 496.8-9 (127, Ox) [cpro.; pregnancy]; 497.4-11 (IIe<\/sup>, Ox) [apal.: maintenance of the divorcee and joint children]; VI<\/strong> 905.11-16 (170, OxN) [apal.]; X<\/strong> 1273.25-36 (260, OxN) [cph.; pregnancy]; XII<\/strong> 1473.11-17 (201, OxN) [cpro.]; XLIX<\/strong> 3491.18-24? (157\/8, Ox) [cpar.]; 3500.9-15 (III, Ox); P.Ryl.<\/span> II<\/strong> 154.24-30, 30-33, 33-35 (66, Bac) [cph.; cpar.; cpro.: apop., apal.]; P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> III<\/strong> 131.15-17 (363, ArsN); IV<\/strong> 225.1-9, ll. 6-9 (IIs<\/sup>, UP) [cpar.]; 225.10-24, ll. 20-24 (IIs<\/sup>, UP); 237.21-27? (142, PtolEu); VI<\/strong> 533.13-16 (II, UP) [cpar.; cpro.]; IX<\/strong> 807.8-9 (98-117, Thead?); P.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 104.30-32 (92A<\/sup><\/span>, Kerkeosiris) [apal.]; II<\/strong> 386.20-24 (12A<\/sup><\/span>, Hiera Nesos); PSI<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 36a.3.15-18, 4.21-24 (12\/3, Thead ?); 64.11-18 (IIA<\/sup><\/span>\/IA<\/sup><\/span>, Ox) [apop.; apal.]; X<\/strong> 1115.17-21 (152, Teb) [cpro.]; 1117.39-43 (138, Teb) [cph.; cpro.]; SB<\/span> XII<\/strong> 10924.16-25? (114, Thead); XVI<\/strong> 12334.1-6, 22 (IIl<\/sup>, Phil) [cph.: apop., apal.]; XXIV<\/strong> 16072.24-29 (del.) 36-38, 39-43, 68-69 (12A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex); XXVIII<\/strong> 17050.9 (II, Teb) [apop., apal.]; SPP<\/span> III<\/strong>, pp. 115-16, ll. 19-28 (169-176, Ox) [cph.; cpar.; apop., apal.: pregnancy].<\/p>\n

\n

29. Consequences of Failure to Return the Dowry<\/h2>\n

Category: Termination<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma <\/a><\/p>\n

In 8 documents, mostly from first and early second-century Arsinoites, the scribe discusses the consequences of non-delivery of the dowry upon divorce: immediate payment of a hemiolia<\/em> and the application of the praxis<\/em>. Cf., e.g., P.Mich.<\/span> V 340.55-63 (45\/6 CE, Tebtynis): \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 | 56\u00a0<\/sup>\u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff6 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u02bc \u1f03 \u03b3\u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 | 57\u00a0<\/sup>\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u02bc \u1f21\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 | 58\u00a0<\/sup>\u03c4\u1ff7 \u0394\u03b9\u03b4\u03cd\u03bc\u1ff3, \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u1fc7, \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03b8\u03c5\u03b3\u03b1|59<\/sup>\u03c4\u03c1\u1f76 \u1f29\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u1fb3 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f14\u03ba \u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 | 60<\/sup> \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f09\u03c1\u03c5\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u27e6\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd\u27e7 | 61\u00a0<\/sup>\u1f61\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba \u03a0\u03ad\u03c1\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 | 62\u00a0<\/sup>\u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd | 63\u00a0<\/sup>\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ac\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1 \u1f10\u03b3 \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 (\u2018And if he shall not restore them as has been written, he shall repay them immediately and half as much again; the right of execution resting with Didymos or, if he should not survive, with his daughter Herakleia against the party of the first part, Haryotes, [and against…] just as if against a Persian of the epigone<\/em>, and against all his possessions as if in accordance with a judgment\u2019).<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Wolff (1941): 418-420; H\u00e4ge (1968): 83-85, 169-171; Yiftach (2003): 208-214.<\/span><\/p>\n

BGU<\/span> I<\/strong> 183.9-10 (85, SokN); 251.6-7 (81, SokN); 252.9-10 (98, PtolEu); P.Hib.<\/span> II<\/strong> 208.10-11? (265A<\/sup><\/span>-250A<\/sup><\/span>, Hibeh); P.Lund.<\/span><\/strong> VI<\/strong> 3.25-28 (139, UP); P.Mich.<\/span><\/strong> V<\/strong> 340.55-59 (45\/6, Teb); P.Oxy. III<\/strong> 496.8-9 (127, Ox);<\/span> P.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 104.20-24 (92A<\/sup><\/span>, Kerkeosiris).<\/p>\n

Section IV. Alternative Means of Defrayment<\/h1>\n
\n

30. Antichresis<\/em> (Land)<\/h2>\n

Category: Capacity, Remuneration, Security<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

According to the clause in question here, attested primarily in source material from first- and second-century CE Arsinoites and Hermopolites, the creditor takes possession of a piece of land currently held by or belonging to the debtor. The document reports the area of the land, its legal and administrative status, and its location with varying degrees of detail. The array of verbs is relatively constant\u2014\u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u1f77\u03c1\u03c9 (\u2018sow\u2019), \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1f77\u03b6\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 (\u2018enjoy the fruits\u2019), \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u1f73\u03c1\u03c9 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f34\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (\u2018take for one\u2019s personal use\u2019), \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c9 (\u2018cultivate\u2019), \u1f10\u03ba\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03cc\u03c9 (\u2018let out for hire\u2019)\u2014embodying the creditor\u2019s right to utilize the land. However, the creditor never acquires (with the possible exception of \u1f10\u03ba\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03cc\u03c9) any ability to alienate the object, let alone title. An indication of the time frame is possible but not indispensable (See, e.g., P.Gen.<\/span> II 106.9-16: 153\/4 CE, Unknown Provenance, below). The creditor\u2019s right to cultivation is applied in two distinct scenarios. In seven cases [Type1]<\/strong>, it is granted for the duration of the contract; the creditor is allowed to take possession of the land and utilize it immediately in lieu of the debtor\u2019s payment of interest in cash. Accordingly, the clause is introduced by the substitution formula (cf. antichresis<\/em> (persons)<\/a> \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd). Under these circumstances, the creditor derives his status from a concession granted by the debtor. In at least 3 cases [BGU I 101.5-23 (115 CE, Arsinoites); P.Corn. 7.7-11 (126 CE, Karanis); P.Kron. 20.10-22 (146 CE, Tebtynis)] the clause is introduced by the verb \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f73\u03c9; its subject, the debtor\/landholder, is followed by infinitives that express the creditor\u2019s capacities for the duration of the contract. In seven other cases [Type2]<\/strong>, the concession is conditional, taking effect if the debtor fails to repay the debt according to the terms set forth earlier in the document. Accordingly, it is recorded later in the document, after the return clause, within the framework of the clause dealing with the event of failure to repay. The clause is thus introduced through the protasis<\/em> \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff6. The rights themselves derive, in one case (BGU I 339.16-27: 128, Karanis), from the verb \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1ff6, viz., an act of concession by the debtor, but elsewhere they are built on the impersonal \u1f14\u03be\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd [P.Gen. II 106.10 (153\/4 CE, Unknown Provenance); P.Kron. 17.19 (140 CE, Tebtynis); P.Tebt. II 390.21 (167 CE, Tebtynis); SB XIV 12017.16 (156 CE, Tebtynis)]. The period of cultivation is expressly stated in BGU I 339.21-22: \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f57 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf|\u03b4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd. The object of the repayment is sometimes stated as well: in BGU I 339 it is the interest, the hemiolia<\/em> (a 50% penalty for failing to settle the debt on time), and the ensuing taxes; in P.Gen. II 106 it is the interest; and in P.Lips. I 10.1.5-2.11 it is arrears interest. For defrayment, an antichresis<\/em> is given [1];<\/strong> cf., e.g., P.Corn. 7.7-11 (126 CE, Karanis): \u03ba\u03b1[\u1f76] \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd | \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0(\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9) | \u03c4\u1f74(\u03bd) \u03a3\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u1f76 \u03a8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03c8\u03b5\u03bd\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd | 10<\/sup> \u1f10\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u1ff6\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 (\u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2) \u03b4\u00b4 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1{\u03b5}\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f57 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1fe6 (l<\/em>. \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff7) \u03c4\u1f78 | \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (\u2018… and in lieu of the interest on this loan, she (viz., the debtor) concedes that Sambathion (viz., the creditor) shall enjoy the fruits of a quarter aroura<\/em> of an olive grove until she (viz., the debtor) shall have paid back the aforementioned principal sum\u2019). For default, an antichresis<\/em> is imposed [2];<\/strong> cf., e.g., P.Gen. II 106.9-14 (153\/4 CE, Unknown Provenance): \u03b1\u1f30\u1f70\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd) \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff6 | 10<\/sup> \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8\u03c5\u0323\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (l<\/em>. \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03c2) \u1f10\u03be\u2039\u03b5\u203a\u1fd6\u03bd\u03b1\u03af \u03c3\u03bf[\u03b9] \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1|11<\/sup>\u03c0\u03af\u0323\u03c3\u03b5\u03c3[\u03b8]\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f51[\u03c0]\u03ac\u0323\u03c1|12<\/sup>\u03c7\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03bd\u0323 \u03bc\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03b9\u0323 \u1f10\u0323\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03ba\u03ce\u03bc\u1fc3 \u1f25\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 (l<\/em>. \u1f25\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c5) \u03c4[\u03c1\u03af]\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd | 13<\/sup> \u03bc\u03ad\u0323\u03c1\u03bf[\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6] \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u0323 \u1f10\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 (l<\/em>. \u1f10\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5) \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f51\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd | 14<\/sup> [\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba]\u03b1\u0323\u1f76\u0323 \u03bc\u0323\u03ad\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c2\u0323 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd (\u2018If I do not repay (the loan) by the appointed time, you will be allowed to enjoy the fruits in return for the interest of the paternal half and one-third share of an oil-press that belongs to me in the village\u2019).<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Weiss (1909): 39-50; Manigk (1910a): 18, 29-31, (2010b): 285-286; Herrmann (1957): 124-126 (on P.Michael 43); (1958): 240-241, (1962): 28-29; Kniepkamp (1970): 53-71; Kupiszewski (1986): 138-148; Rupprecht (1992): 131; Papadatou (2008): 212-214; Bobbink \u2013 Mauer (2019): 358-364; Yiftach (2019): 170-173.<\/span><\/p>\n

BGU<\/span> I<\/strong> 101.5-23 (115, ArsN) [1; anti; \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: speir., karpiz., apopher.]; 339.16-22 (128, Kar) [2; \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6: georg., karpiz.]; III<\/strong> 782.8-22 (182\/3, ArsN) [1]; IV<\/strong> 1156v<\/sup>.11-22 (14\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex); CPR<\/span><\/strong> VII<\/strong> 31.24-44, l. 33 (197, Herm); P.Corn.<\/span><\/strong> 7.7-11 (126, Kar) [1; anti; \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6: karpiz.]; P.Erl.<\/span><\/strong> 60.3-9 (II, UP) [2; krat., kyrieu.]; P.Fay.<\/span><\/strong> 205.11-14 (138-161, Bac) [2; \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6: karpiz.]; P.Gen.<\/span> II<\/strong> 106.9-16 (153\/4, UP) [2; \u1f10\u03be\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: karpiz., anti]; P.Kron.<\/span><\/strong> 17.18-27 (140, Teb) [2; \u1f10\u03be\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: karpiz.]; 20.10-22 (146, Teb) [2; anti; \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6: karpiz.]; P.Lips.<\/span><\/strong> I<\/strong> 10.1.5-2.11, ll. 1.35-37 (178, Herm) [2; anti; ed.: \u03ba[\u03b1\u03c1]\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u1fb6\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd;]; P.Lond. III<\/strong> 1168.5-8 (44, Herm); P.Oxf.<\/span><\/strong> 11.8-13 (149, Hiera Nesos) [1; anti; \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: embad., kataspeir.*, karpiz., apopher.*]; P.Oxy. LXIII<\/strong> 4397.21-26 (545\/Ox); P.Stras.<\/span><\/strong> IX<\/strong> 893.1-11 (180, UP); P.Tebt.<\/span><\/strong> II<\/strong> 390.20-29 (167, Teb) [2; \u1f10\u03be\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9: kataspeir., karpiz.]; SB<\/span> V<\/strong> 7758.18-28 (497, MagdBouk) [1; anti; \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd: speir., karpiz., \u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: karp.]; XII<\/strong> 11228.8-23 (204, OxN) [1; \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd; \u1f10\u03be\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: speir., karpiz., ekmisth.]; XIV<\/strong> 12017.15-21 (156, Teb) [2; \u1f10\u03be\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9: kataspeir., karpiz.].<\/p>\n

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31. Antichresis<\/em> (Persons)<\/h2>\n

Category: Security, Remuneration, Paramone<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

In twelve documents from the first and second centuries, the debtor places (\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9) himself, or one of his dependents, at the disposal of the creditor as a means of repaying some of the debt, mostly interest, in what is termed here the substitution formula (\u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd). The nature of the document as a labour contract is expressed in the description of the duties that the assigned person is supposed to discharge during the stay, all expressed in a participial form. The duties may be phrased generally, e.g., \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 and \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u1f70 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 (e.g., P.Alex. 8.12: 89 CE, Boubastos), or object-specific, e.g., \u03c0\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 in an assignment to labour in a pottery workshop (<\/strong>P.Mich. V 241.24-38 l. 33: 42 CE, Tebtynis). The nature of the contract is also evident in the incorporation of remuneration, maintenance, and taxes into the substitution formula. Cf., e.g., P.Mich. X 587.7-8 (24\/5 CE, Tebtynis): \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd|\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u03b5\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f31\u0323\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6. The clause reports the period of service, its beginning date expressed through \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc + genitive, and its duration through \u1f10\u03c0\u1f77 + the accusative. The \u2018paramonic\u2019 nature of the contract is stressed via the night-and-day stay clause, sometimes following, sometimes integrated into the antichresis<\/em> clause. Cf., e.g., P.Mich. X 587.7-16 (24\/5 CE, Tebtynis): \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd|8<\/sup><\/span>\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u03b5\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f31\u0323\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1|9<\/sup><\/span>\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f11\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b8\u03c5\u03b3\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1{\u03bd} | 10<\/sup><\/span> \u039a\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u1fe6\u03b8\u03b9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u0323\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u2039\u03bd\u203a \u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u1f09\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 | 11<\/sup><\/span> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u02bc \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03c0\u02bc \u1f10\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f15\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 | 12<\/sup><\/span> \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b2[\u03bf\u03c5]\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u1f70 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u0323\u03bb\u2039\u03bb\u203a\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 | 13<\/sup><\/span> \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1fc6\u03b9\u0323 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u0323\u03b1\u0323, [\u03bf\u1f50] l. \u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 (l<\/em>. \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd) \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u02bc \u1f00\u03c6\u03b7|14<\/sup><\/span>\u03bc[\u03b5\u03c1]\u03bf\u03c2 (l<\/em>. \u1f00\u03c6\u03ae|[\u03bc\u03b5]\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd) \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f09\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03cd\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f04\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 | 15<\/sup><\/span>\u00a0\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b3\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2\u0323 (l<\/em>. \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2), \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u1f70 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf[\u03bb]\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c3\u03b1\u2039\u03bd\u203a \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 | 16<\/sup><\/span> \u03c0\u03b1\u0323\u03bd\u0323\u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u1fc6\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u0323\u02bc [\u0391]\u1f34\u03b3\u03c5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd (\u2018… In lieu of interest on that amount and in return for necessities and clothing, he, the party of the first part, shall present his daughter, Kolleuthis, who will remain with Harmiysis and his representatives for one year from the aforesaid date, staying and accomplishing whatever is enjoined upon her, not absenting herself night or day from the house of Harmiysis without his knowledge, but following him everywhere throughout Egypt\u2019).<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Manigk (1910a): 26-29; Westermann (1948): 17-18; Taubenschlag (1932a): 516-517; Herrmann (1962): 29; Wolff (1946): 72-73; Samuel (1965): 301-304; Hengstl (1972): 24-27; Rupprecht (1992): 133; Papadatou (2008): 214-215; Yiftach (2019): 170-173.<\/p>\n

anti<\/strong>: \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 diatribe.<\/strong>: \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0paramen.<\/strong>: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0parech.<\/strong>: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0poiount.<\/strong>: \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0leitourg.<\/strong>: \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1<\/p>\n

BGU XIX <\/strong>2837.7-17 (582, Herm);\u00a0P.Alex.<\/strong> 8.8-12 (89, Boubastos) [anti; paramen., poiount.]; P.Dura<\/strong> 17d.43 (c. 180, Dura Europos) [ed.: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1[\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2;]; 21.2-4 (IIf, Dura Europos); P.Flor. I<\/strong> 44.16-18 (158, PtolEu) [anti; parech. + paramen.]; P.K\u00f6ln<\/strong> XVI<\/strong> 652.10-16 (183\/185, Ox) [anti.; \u1f10\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2]; P.Mert.<\/strong> III<\/strong> 105.17-34, ll. 21-34 (164\/5, Teb) [anti; parech.: paramen.]; P.Mich.<\/strong> II<\/strong> 121r<\/sup><\/span>\u00a04.8, ll. 1-2 (42, Teb) [anti; parech. (reflexive): leitourg., epitel.]; V<\/strong> 241.24-38, ll. 27-31 (46, Teb) [parech.: paramen., \u03c0\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1]; X<\/strong> 587.7-16 (24\/5, Teb) [parech: paramen., diatribe., poiount.]; P.Mich.Inv.<\/strong> 4299.6-15 (20\/19a, Thead?); 4346 + 4446f.11-19 (15\/17, Thead?) [anti; parech.: paramen.]; P.Oxf.<\/strong> 10.15-19 (98-117, Thead) [anti; \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; P.Sarap.<\/strong> 20.9-11 (121, Herm).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

32.\u00a0Enoikesis<\/em><\/h2>\n

Category: Remuneration, Security<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

At times, the creditor inhabits a house owned by the debtor in order to defray some of the debt, usually the interest. In BGU VI 1280.12-14 (210 BCE, Unknown Provenance), probably recording a prodomatic lease, the lessee\/creditor is allowed to hold the object of the lease in case of a defaulted payment, and is also entitled to bebaiosis<\/em>: \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4[\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff6\u03b9] | 13<\/sup><\/span>\u00a0[\u03a0\u03ac\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2] \u0394\u03b9\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f11\u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03bc\u1f70\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70\u0323 [\u03c4\u1f70 \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03c1]\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1, \u03ba\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03c4\u0323[\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03c9 \u0394\u03b9\u03bf]|14<\/sup><\/span>[\u03ba\u03bb\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f03 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03af]\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f70 \u2039\u03c4\u203a\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u1f70 \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f02\u03bd \u03c4\u1f70 [\u1f11\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba]\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 (\u2018And if Patroklos does not pay back the seventy drachms to Diokles, as stated above, let Diokles retain the object of the lease, employing it in the same manner until he recovers his own\u2019).<\/p>\n

In the Roman period, the enoikesis<\/em> is recorded in loan contracts and is introduced, following the act of lending, by the locution \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd (\u2018in lieu of interest\u2019). A scribe may use this clause to give expression to the debtor\u2019s concession (\u1f10\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd, \u1f10\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\/ \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd) or simply state, in the future indicative, the creditor\u2019s status (\u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9). The clause reports the object of the residence, sometimes with an account of the abutters, the village or city quarter, the duration and beginning of the stay, and the creditor\u2019s right to freely dispose of the asset. Cf., e.g., SB XVI 13042.5-12 (29 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u1f10\u03c6\u02bc \u1f67\u03b9 \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae|6<\/sup><\/span>[\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f41 \u1f09\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u1fe6\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7] \u1f51\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03b9 \u0394\u03b9\u03b4\u03cd\u03bc\u03b7\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03c9\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 | 7<\/sup><\/span> [\u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76] \u03b1\u1f50\u03bb\u1fc6\u03c2, \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd | 8<\/sup><\/span> [\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b1\u1f30\u03b8\u03c1\u03af\u03bf]\u03c5, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03ad|9<\/sup><\/span>[\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f48\u03be\u03c5\u03c1\u03cd]\u03b3\u03c7\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03a3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03bd \u03bb\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u1fb3 \u03a7\u03b7\u03bd\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u02bc \u1f14|10<\/sup><\/span>[\u03c4\u03b7 -ca.?- \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bc\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3]\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f09\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03cd\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u02bc \u03b1\u0323[\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf]\u1fe6\u0323 | 11<\/sup><\/span> [\u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03b3\u03c9\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b1\u1f50]\u03bb\u1fc6\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b1\u1f30\u03b8\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7|12<\/sup><\/span>[\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u1fb6\u03c3\u03b9 (\u2018\u2026 On the condition that, in lieu of interest thereon, Harmiysis shall inhabit the third part of a two-floor paternal house, of a yard and of the appurtenances, common and undivided at the Sarapieion in the city of Oxyrhynchos in the quarter of the Gooseherds for a period of – – years and four months, Harmiysis and his representatives utilizing \u00a0the two-floor yard atrium <\/em>and all other facilities of the house\u2019).<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Manigk (1910): 297;\u00a0 (1910a): 23-26, (2010b): 296-297; Berger (1911): 121, 161; Mitteis (1912): 152-154; Taubenschlag (1955): 286-288; Samuel (1961): 33-37; \u00a0(1965): 305; Rupprecht (1992): 131.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

BGU IV<\/strong> 1115.7-25, 38-51 (13A<\/sup><\/span>, Alex) [ed. : \u1f14\u0323\u03c7\u0323\u2039\u03b5\u203a\u03b9\u0323 \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f41\u0323 \u0398\u03ad\u03c9\u0323\u03bd\u0323 | \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c4\u03b5 \u03bf\u1f34\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5;]; VI<\/strong> 1280.12-14 (210A<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [defaulted payment; ed,: \u03ba\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03c4\u0323[\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03c9 \u0394\u03b9\u03bf]|13<\/sup><\/span>[\u03ba\u03bb\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f03 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03af]\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f70 {\u03c4}\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f70 \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f02\u03bd \u03c4\u1f70 [\u1f11\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba]\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9;]; XIV<\/strong> 2395.9-17, 20-26, 50-59, 64-71 (221A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona) [\u1f10\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03cd\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd; \u03c7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9]; P.Fouad<\/strong> I<\/strong> 44.10-18 (44, Ox) [\u1f10\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; P.Hamb.<\/strong> I<\/strong> 30.10-16 (89, Phil) [\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; P.Haun.<\/strong> III<\/strong> 56.6-11 (IV, UP); P.Lips.<\/strong> II<\/strong> 130.16-22 (16, Teb) [\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; P.Mich.<\/strong> III<\/strong> 188.7-12 (120, Bac) [\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; 189.9-17, 20-21 (123, Bac) [\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; IX<\/strong> 570.7-13, 15-18 (105\/6, Kar) [\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; X<\/strong> 585.7-13 (87, Bac) [\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; XI<\/strong> 605.5-10 (117, Bac) [\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; XII<\/strong> 635.8-13, 21-24 (71, Bac) [\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; P.Monts.Roca IV<\/strong> 78.8-11 (49-54, Ox) [\u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9, \u03c7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2]; P.M\u00fcnch.<\/strong> III<\/strong> 95.7-? (103-115, ArsN)?; P.Oxy.<\/strong> I<\/strong> 104.25-27 (96, Ox) [\u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f76\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bf\u03c5]; III<\/strong> 634.6-7 (126, Ox) [\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd*]; 646.11 (117-126?, Ox) [\u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u1f04\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u1f77\u03bf\u03c5]; XIV<\/strong> 1641.1-6 (68, Ox) [\u03c7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5]; XXXVI<\/strong> 2773.9-16 (82, Ox) [\u1f10\u03be\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd]; P.Princ. III<\/strong> 144.8-12 (219\/20 or 239\/40, PtolEu) [\u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9]; P.Stras.<\/strong> II<\/strong> 92.9-11 (244\/3a, OxN) [\u1f10\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03ae\u0323\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c4\u03bb.]; P.Thomas<\/strong> 4.11-19 (41-54, Teb) [\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; SB XII<\/strong> 11041.2-5 (20\/1, Teb) [\u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd]; XVI<\/strong> 12263.5-8 (41-54 or 54-68, Teb) [\u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, with bebaiosis]; 13041.1-4; (I-II, Ox) [\u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9, with ekbalein]; 13042.5-12 (29, Ox) [\u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9, \u03c7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5]; XVIII<\/strong> 13154.6-7 (IIA<\/sup><\/span>-IA<\/sup><\/span>, UP) [\u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c9, \u1f04\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5 \u1f10\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bf\u03c5].<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

33.\u00a0 Kyrieueto<\/em><\/h2>\n

Category: Remuneration, Security<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

In lease contracts from the Ptolemaic period and from Roman Oxyrhynchites, the lessor is to control the product until he recovers the rent. The verb denoting \u2018control\u2019, \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03cd\u03c9, is of course known from other contexts in which it is used, together with other verbs, to express capacities deriving from the acquisition of title. Here it stands alone and may simply denote a right of retention. The object of said control, expressed in the genitive, is the harvest (\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd, \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c1\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd), sometimes given with an indication of its time frame (\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1fbd \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd). The time frame of the lessor\u2019s control is reported in a clause with the \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2, with or without \u1f04\u03bd; and a verb denoting recovery: the medial voice of \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u1f77\u03b6\u03c9 or the active voice of \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u1f71\u03bd\u03c9. The mode is conjunctive, of course. The object, given in the accusative, may be the rent (\u03c4\u1f78 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd, \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd, \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f00\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd), the debt (\u03c4\u1f70 \u1f40\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1), or simply the lessor\u2019s property (\u03c4\u1f70 \u03b1\u1f51\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6). Cf., e.g., SB XX 14983.14-15 (220-260 CE, Oxyrhynchites): \u1f43\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1[\u03c1]\u03c0\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03ba\u03b1|15<\/sup>\u03c4\u02bc \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f40\u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ac[\u03b2]\u1fc3 (\u2018… who (the lessor) will master the fruits until he recovers what is owed to him annually\u2019).<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Waszy\u0144ski (1905): 144-145; Pringsheim (1950): 295-298; Taubenschlag (1955): 359-360; Herrmann (1958): 140-142; Kr\u00e4nzlein (1974): especially pp. 223-224.<\/p>\n

BGU VI<\/strong> 1262.15-16 (216\/5A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona); 1264.25-26 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt); 1266.29-30 (203\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Takona); 1267.16-17 (before 266\/5A<\/sup><\/span>\u00a0or before 228\/7A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN); 1271.11 (180A<\/sup><\/span>-145A<\/sup><\/span>, Phil\/ Thead); X<\/strong> 1943.16 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt); 1944.14-15 (214\/3A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt); 1950.4-5 (221A<\/sup><\/span>-205A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN); XIII<\/strong> 2340.14-15 (IIIe<\/sup><\/span>, Ox); XIV<\/strong> 2383.13 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt); 2384.13-14 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt); 2387.14-15 (scr.ext.) (IIIA<\/sup><\/span>, OxN); P.Amst. I<\/strong> 42.5-6 (III\/IV, Mermertha); P.Batav. <\/strong>16.10-11 (346\/7, OxN); P.Berl.Leihg. I<\/strong> 20.14-16 (149, OxN); P.Col. X<\/strong> 273r.12-14 ?, (204, Ox); P.Coll.Youtie II<\/strong> 68.24-26 (266, Ox); 70.19-20 (272\/3 or 278\/9, Ox); 80.18-19 (315, Ox); P.Fouad<\/strong> I <\/strong>43.34-36 (189\/90, Phoboou); P.Frank.<\/strong> 1.25-27 (213A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt); 2.28-29 (215\/4A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt); P.Harr.<\/strong> I<\/strong> 80.29-30 (249, OxN); P.K\u00f6ln<\/strong> III<\/strong> 149.20-23 (after 212, OxN); P.Laur. IV<\/strong> 165.9-10 (305, Ox); P.Mert.<\/strong> I<\/strong> 17.30-32 (158, Oastiou Epoikion); P.Mich.<\/strong> XI<\/strong> 610.30-32 (282, Ox); P.Oxy.<\/strong> I<\/strong> 101.22-24 (142, Ox); 102.17-18 (306, Ox); 103.15-16 (316, Ox); III<\/strong> 499.22-24 (121, Senepta\/Ox); 501.32-34 (186, Ox); IV<\/strong> 730.18-21 (130, Senepta\/Ox); VI<\/strong> 910.24-26 (197, Pakerke\/Ox); VIII<\/strong> 1124.5-7 (26, Ox); 1125.14-15 (II, Ox); XIV<\/strong> 1628.23-24 (73A<\/sup><\/span>, Ox); 1689.22-24 (266, Ox); 1691.14-15 (291\/2, Ox); XVII<\/strong> 2137.29-30 (226, Episemou Epoikion); XVIII<\/strong> 2189.20-22 (219, Ox); XXII<\/strong> 2351.40-42 (112, Ox); XXXI<\/strong> 2585.14-15 (315, Ox); XXXIII<\/strong> 2676.24-26 (151, Ox); XXXVI<\/strong> 2795.15-17 (250, Ox); XXXVIII<\/strong> 2874.21-23 (108, Ox); XLI<\/strong> 2974.21-23 (162, Ox); XLV<\/strong> 3257.12 (318, Ox); 3260.18-19 (323, Ox); XLVII<\/strong> 3354.35 (257, Nomou Epoikion\/Senepta); XLIX<\/strong> 3488.38-39 (70\/1, Ox); 3489.26-27 (72\/3, Ox); L<\/strong> 3589.17-18 (II, OxN); 3591.24-27 (219, Ox); 3592.19-21 (218-261?, Ox); LV<\/strong> 3800.21-23 (219, Ox); 3802.17-18 (296, Ox); LXI<\/strong> 4121.14-16 (289\/90, Ox); LXVII<\/strong> 4594.12-14 (228, Ox\/Sanao); 4595.25-27 (261, Ox); LXIX<\/strong> 4739.15-16 (127, Ox); 4745.22-24 (202, Ox); 4753.19-20 (341, Ox); LXXI<\/strong> 4827.24-26 (173\/4, Ox); P.Oxy.Hels. <\/strong>41.31-32 (223\/4, Ox); P.Palau\u00a0Rib.<\/strong> 7.21-23 (137\/8, 158\/9 or 181\/2, OxN); P.Ross.Georg.<\/strong> II<\/strong> 19.18-19 (141, Ox); P.Stras.<\/strong> VI<\/strong> 534.11-12 (before 161, Ox); P.Tebt.<\/strong> III.1<\/strong> 815.er.2-9, l. 7 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb); 815.fr.2-9, l. 7 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb); 815.fr.13-30, ll. 25-26 (223\/2A<\/sup><\/span>, Teb); 819.9, 33-34 (171a, Oxyrhyncha); P.Trier<\/strong> I<\/strong> 12.35-37 (179A, Herak); P.Wisc.<\/strong> I<\/strong> 7.20-22 (159\/60, Ox); P.Yale<\/strong> I 70.5-6 (229\/30?, Ox); PSI<\/strong> III<\/strong> 178.3-5 (291, Ox); 187.16-17 (280\/1 or 289\/90 or 274\/5, Ox); IV<\/strong> 316.14-15 (328, Ox); V<\/strong> 469.16-17 (334, Ox); VII<\/strong> 739.14-15 (163, Ox); VIII<\/strong> 880.19-20 (254\/5, Ox); IX<\/strong> 1029.23-25 (52\/3, OxN); 1069.19-21 (246, Ox); 1070.19-20 (260\/1 or 261\/2, Ox); 1071.18-20 (296, Ox); X<\/strong> 1122.23-25 (VI, OxN); XIII<\/strong> 1330.15-16 (after 3.172, Ox); SB IV<\/strong> 7443.14-16 (285, Ox); VIII<\/strong> 9918.15-16 (179\/80, OxN); 9919.2-3 (IIIl<\/sup><\/span>, OxN); X<\/strong> 10216.17-18 (III\/IV, Ox); 10263.15-17 (204, Ox); 10532.18-19 (87\/8, Ox); XII<\/strong> 10780.24-26 (172\/3, Ox); 10942.19-21 (4A<\/sup><\/span>, OxN); 11061.17-18 (218A<\/sup><\/span>, Tholt); 11228.25-27 (204, OxN); XX<\/strong> 14338.2-3 (120, Ox); 14983.14-15 (220-260, OxN); 14984.4-6 (140-210, OxN); XXII<\/strong> 15240.23-27 (156A<\/sup><\/span>, Ammonias, ArsN).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Section V: Deductions and Additions<\/h2>\n

34. Hypologos<\/em><\/h2>\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

In lease contracts from the Ptolemaic period, the lessee is allowed to pay reduced rent under two circumstances. One is uninundated land (abrochos<\/em><\/a>). The circumstance considered here is that the lessee had to pay public or private debts on account of the land, which he is now entitled to deduct from the rent. While the purpose of the two clauses is identical, the term denoting deduction is different: while in the case of aborchia<\/em> the commonly used verb is \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u1f73\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 in the early Ptolemaic, and \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u1f73\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 in the Roman period, in the present case it is, throughout the Ptolemaic and Roman period, \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u1f73\u03c9. The reasons for the deduction are expressed through the preposition \u1f51\u03c0\u1f73\u03c1, or more rarely \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u1f77, with the estate or the lessor in the genitive. The reason for the payment is expressed through \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 in the accusative. In some documents, the lessee is required to present a receipt for the payment of taxes (\u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1 \u1f41\u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b1\u03c2 (\u2018having presented the tax receipts\u2019) (see evidence below). BGU VI 1262.13-14 (216\/5 BCE, Oxyrhynchos?): \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u03ad \u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03b8\u1fc7 \u0396\u03ae\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 [\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f70] | 14<\/sup>\u00a0\u03c4\u03bf\u0323\u1fe6\u0323 \u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u1f70 \u1f22 \u1f30\u03b4\u03b9\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c9 \u0396\u03ae\u03bd\u03c9[\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f70 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 (\u2018If Zenon is forced to pay public or private dues on account of the estate, a deduction shall be made from the rent\u2019). The Roman evidence stems primarily from the Oxyrhynchite nome (nine documents), which exhibits continuity with the Ptolemaic tradition. Cf., e.g., P.Oxy. VIII 1124.3-5 (26 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u1f10[\u1f70\u03bd] \u03b4\u03ad \u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03b8\u1fc7 \u1f41 \u03bc\u03b5[\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3]\u03b8\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 | 4<\/sup> \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b4\u03b7[\u03bc]\u03cc\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u1f22 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03b9 [\u1f51\u03c0]\u1f72\u03c1 \u0394\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 | 5<\/sup> \u1f22 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b3\u1fc6[\u03c2, \u1f51]\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c9 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00[\u03c0]\u03bf\u03c4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 (\u2018If any demand is made upon the lessee for the government or for any other purpose on account of Dionysios or the land, the amount shall be deducted from the rent\u2019). The Hermopolite evidence emerges from a different text, influenced by the text of the contemporaneous abrochos<\/em> clause. P.Amh. II 85.10-12 (78 CE, Hermopolis): \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4[\u03ad] \u03c4\u0323\u03b9\u0323 \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 (l<\/em>. \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf) \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b7\u03b8\u1ff6\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u1f22 \u1f10\u03ba|11<\/sup>\u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03b8\u1ff6\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f76\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u02bc \u1f04\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5[\u03c1]\u03b1\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b9\u03b7\u03b1\u03bd (l<\/em>. \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2) \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bd\u03b1\u03c5\u03b2\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1|12<\/sup>\u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f21\u03bc\u1fd6\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 (\u2018If any other charge is demanded or exacted from us besides the tax of an artaba<\/em> on each aroura<\/em> and the naubion<\/em>, an allowance shall be made to us from the aforesaid rent\u2019). The Byzantine clause, recorded in three Arsinoite documents, is no longer restricted to reimbursement for taxes. BGU III 840.4-8 (VI\/VII CE, Arsinoites): \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f51\u03c6\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u1f10\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 | 5<\/sup> [\u03c4\u1f70 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc(?)]\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c3\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf(\u1fe6) \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 | 6<\/sup>\u00a0[- ca.27 -]\u00a0 \u0323\u00a0 \u0323 \u1f51\u03c6\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03af (l<\/em>. \u1f51\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03af) \u03c3\u03b5 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 | 7<\/sup> [\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7]\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u1f78\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f01\u03bb\u03c9\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bf\u03c5\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 | 8<\/sup>\u00a0[\u00a0 \u0323\u00a0 \u0323\u00a0 \u0323\u00a0 \u0323 \u03ba\u03b1]\u03c4\u1f70 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03bd \u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f25\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c5 (\u2018And you shall deduct every year from the partnership whatever you spent on seeds and on account of the wages for conveyance of sheaves, and you shall also deduct from the partnership the wages for threshing and on account of the landlord\u2019s customary gratuity, for each artab<\/em> one artab<\/em> and a half\u2019).<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Waszy\u0144ski (1905): 115-116, 142; Herrmann (1958): 162-163, 239-240; (1979); Kastner (1962): 36-37; Geginat (1964): 27-28; Kniepkamp (1970): 17-25, 49-53;\u00a0 Stollwerck (1971): 124; Kramer \u2013 S\u00e1nchez-Moreno Ellart (2017): 236-237.<\/p>\n

epideik.<\/strong>: \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1 \u1f41\u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03bd\u03c5\u03bc\u03b9\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 epipher.<\/strong>: \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1 \u1f41\u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0hyphex.<\/strong>: \u1f51\u03c6\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 hypolog.<\/strong>: \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c9\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 paradech.<\/strong>: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

BGU III<\/strong> 840.4-8 (VI\/VII, ArsN) [hyphex.]; IV<\/strong> 1116.36-38 (13A<\/sup>, Alex); VI<\/strong> 1262.13-15 (216\/5A<\/sup>, Takona); 1266.30-32 (203\/2A<\/sup>, Takona); 1271.10-11 (180A<\/sup>-145A<\/sup>, Thead\/Phil) [epideik.]; 1272.9-15? (173A<\/sup>, Hephaistias); X<\/strong> 1943.14-15 (215\/4A<\/sup>, Tholt); 1950.1-2 (221A<\/sup>-205A<\/sup>, OxN); XIV<\/strong> 2390.24-25 (160\/59A<\/sup>, HerakN); P.Amh. II<\/strong> 85.10-12 (78, Herm) [paradech.]; 86.14-16 (78, Herm) [paradech.]; P.Fay. <\/strong>34.16-19 (161, Thead) [paradech.]; 91.25-27 (99, Euh) [hypolog.]; P.Frank.<\/strong> 1.27-30 (213A<\/sup>, Tholthis); P.Freib.<\/strong> III<\/strong> 21.13 (178A<\/sup>, Phil); 22.13 (178A<\/sup>, Phil); 34.19-23 (173A<\/sup>, Phil); P.K\u00f6ln<\/strong> VI<\/strong> 275.12-13 (104\/3A<\/sup>\u00a0or 101\/0A<\/sup>, ArsN) [epideik.];\u00a0XIV<\/strong> 579a.21 (III, Ox) [paradech.]; P.Lond. I<\/strong> 113.3.7-8 (VI, ArsN) [hyphex.]; P.Oxy.<\/strong> II<\/strong> 277.8-11 (19A<\/sup>, Ox); 280.20 (88\/9, Ox) [paradech.]; VIII<\/strong> 1124.3-5 (26, Ox); XIV<\/strong> 1628.20-23 (73A<\/sup>, Ox); XLIX<\/strong> 3489.23-26 (72\/3, Ox); L<\/strong> 3597.15-16 (260, Ox) [hypolog.]; P.Ross.Georg.<\/strong> II<\/strong> 18 no. 17 (139\/40, ArsN); 18 no. 74.48 (139\/40, ArsN); P.Stras.<\/strong> VI 534.9-10 (before 161, Ox); P.Tebt.<\/strong> I<\/strong> 105.48-49 (103A<\/sup>, Kerkeosiris) [epideik., hypolog.]; III.1<\/strong> 815.br.2.48-51, l. 48 (223\/2A<\/sup>, Teb); 819.12-13 (171A<\/sup>, Oxyrhyncha) [epipher.]; P.Trier<\/strong> I<\/strong> 12.24 (179A<\/sup>, Herak); P.Yale<\/strong> I<\/strong> 51.27-28 (184A<\/sup>, Kerkesoucha) [epideik.]; P.Zen.Pest. <\/strong>20 (252A<\/sup>, ArsN); PSI<\/strong> IX<\/strong> 1029.21-23 (52\/3, OxN); X<\/strong> 1098.29-32 (51A<\/sup>, Tebt) [epideik.]; SB III<\/strong> 6302.4-6 (214\/3A<\/sup>, UP); XII<\/strong> 10942.16-19 (4A<\/sup>, OxN); 11234.16-17 (210\/1, Ox); XVI<\/strong> 12373.15-16 (158A<\/sup>, ArsN) [epipher., apod. (imp.aor.), \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bc\u03b1;]; XVIII<\/strong> 13885.18-21 (549\/562, ArsPol).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/div>\n

35. Prostheke<\/em><\/h2>\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

One document only, SB XXII 15729.26-29 (639 CE, Arsinoiton Polis), records the imposition of an additional payment for leased land: \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u1fc7 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 | 27<\/sup> \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1[\u03bf]\u03c5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u039c\u03b7\u03bd\u1fb6 \u03c5\u1f31\u03bf\u1fe6 | 28<\/sup> \u0392\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u1fd6\u03bd \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f21\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 (l<\/em>. \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2) \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba(\u03b7\u03bd) | 29<\/sup> \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03c2 (\u2018And if it happens that an additional charge is placed upon the arouras<\/em> of Menas, son of Benjamin, you, in turn, shall pay the additional payment on said arouras<\/em> proportionately\u2019). Cf. Sijpesteijn (1994): 281.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

36. Epigeorgein<\/em><\/h2>\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

The lessee\u2019s outlays on behalf of the lessor, including taxes, are supposed to be reimbursed by deduction from rent (see: hypologos<\/em>). If the lessor fails to reimburse the lessee using other resources, the lessee may apply the praxis<\/em> against him, or, alternatively, continue to cultivate the land (\u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd) until he recovers his losses. The same means is used for the recovery of the prodoma<\/em>. All the documents that exhibit this clause are Ptolemaic and all but one stem from the Arsinoite nome. See, e.g., P.Tebt. I 105.49-52 (103 BCE, Kerkeosiris): \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u03ad \u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03b8\u1fc6\u03b9 \u03a0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03bc[\u03b1]\u1fd6\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5[\u03c3\u03c7]\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f22 \u1f69\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u1f78\u03bd \u1f22 \u1f04\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4[\u03b9]\u03bd\u0323\u1f70 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c3\u03c6\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u1f70\u0323[\u03bd] | 50<\/sup>\u00a0 \u0323 \u00a0\u0323[ \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323] \u00a0\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03c2\u0323 [\u03c3]\u03cd\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1 \u1f41\u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03c9{\u03b9} \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd, \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u1fc6\u03b9 \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9{\u03b9} \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03b9 \u1f69\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd | 51<\/sup> [\u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4]\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1f70 \u03b3\u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03be\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03b9\u0323 \u03a0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03b9 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5 \u03b2\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u1fb6\u03be\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd, \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u1f31\u03c1\u1fc6\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03ba\u03bb\u1fc6\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6[\u03bd] | 52<\/sup> [\u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6]\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u03b1\u1fe6\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f02\u03bd \u03c4\u1f70 \u1f11\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u0323\u03bd\u00a0 \u0323\u00a0 \u0323\u00a0 \u0323\u00a0 \u0323[\u00a0 \u0323\u00a0 \u0323] (\u2018If Ptolemaios is called upon to pay anything to the state on behalf of Maron, whose property has been impounded, or of Horion, or to make any other contribution, he shall deduct from the rent the equivalents of the sums in the tax receipts, and if this is not sufficient to make good on the debt, Horion shall pay him the additional amount. If Horion fails to pay him as aforesaid, Ptolemaios has the right either, if he chooses, to exact the deficiency from him or, if he prefers, to continue cultivating the holding at the same rent beyond the term of the lease until he recovers his debt in full with (interest?)\u2019). (transl.: editio princeps<\/em>, p. 460).<\/p>\n

BGU VI<\/strong> 1272.18-19 (173A<\/sup>, Hephaistias) [context not clear]; P.Frank.<\/strong> 1.37-40 (213A<\/sup>, Tholt) [prodoma]; P.Freib.<\/strong> III<\/strong> 12a.6 (IIfA<\/sup>, UP); 34.33-34 (173A<\/sup>, Phil) [prodoma]; P.Tebt.<\/strong> I<\/strong> 105.49-51 (103A<\/sup>, Kerkeosiris) [hypologos]; P.Trier<\/strong> I<\/strong> 12.56-60? (179A<\/sup>, Herak); P.Yale<\/strong> I<\/strong> 51.28?-30 (184A<\/sup>, Kerkesoucha) [hypologos]; PSI<\/strong> X<\/strong> 1098.33-37 (51A<\/sup>, Teb) [hypologos]; SB XVI<\/strong> 12373.17-18 (158A<\/sup>, ArsN) [hypologos].<\/p>\n

37. Epileipsis<\/em><\/h2>\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

The epileipsis <\/em>clause is recorded in just one Ptolemaic lease, PSI X 1098.38 (51 BCE, Tebtynis). In this contract, the lessee is instructed to pay rent in the lump sum of 27 wheat artabae<\/em> for a period of one year. The lessee, however, is entitled to reimbursement for everything he paid to the state. If the lessee is not reimbursed, he is entitled to cultivate the land further, until he regains his losses. Even under these circumstances, however, he is still liable to pay the rent, as is set out in the epileipsis<\/em> clause: \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f10\u03c0{\u03b5}\u03b9\u03bb\u0323[\u03b5\u03af]\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd[\u03c1]\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u2039\u03b5\u203a\u1fd6\u03c2 (\u2018If they fall short in paying the rent in kind, the rate will be three wheat artabae<\/em> per aroura<\/em>\u2019).<\/p>\n

38.\u00a0 \u00a0Abrochos<\/em><\/h2>\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

The abrochos <\/em>clause is recorded in 69 documents, 66 of which are leases. The clause is used in all periods. It is attested in all regions but seems particularly common in the Oxyrhynchite source material, which yields 35 documents, followed by the Arsinoites with 19. The condition may find expression in the preposition \u1f10\u03c0\u03af + dative, genitive, (P.Oxy. LXXXII 5236.12: \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f00\u03b2\u03c1\u03cc]\u03c7\u0323\u03c9 ( l. [\u1f00\u03b2\u03c1\u03cc]\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5)?), or in a genitive absolute. In most cases, however, the state of abrochia<\/em> is recorded in a protasis<\/em>: \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u03ad \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u1fc6 \u1f04\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 (\u2018If some land becomes uninundated\u2019) is the commonest formulation. The clause may record the time frame (\u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c3\u03b9\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u1f11\u03be\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03b9, \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c3\u03b9\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f14\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9). Some scribes add consideration of scenarios other than from abrochia<\/em>: \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 (\u2018carried away by a river\u2019), \u1f55\u03c6\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 (\u2018sandy\u2019), \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03be\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 (\u2018eroded\u2019), \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1fbd \u1f55\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 (\u2018underwater,\u2019 \u2018flooded\u2019). It may also record the invocation \u1f43 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03b5\u1f34\u03b7 (\u2018may it never be the case\u2019). The consequences of a state of abrochia<\/em> are, in a matter of course, a deduction from the rent in proportion to the unwatered area. The medial voice of the composite verb \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 is used in the Ptolemaic period (here denoting \u2018credit\u2019) with the lessor as the subject, the lessee as an indirect object, and the rent as the object. Cf., e.g., BGU X 1943.8-9 (215\/4 BCE, Tholthis): \u1f10\u1f70\u0323\u03bd \u03b4\u03ad \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u1fc6 \u1f04\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b8\u0323\u03c9 \u03a0\u03cd[\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u039a\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03c9\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03a6\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd] | 9<\/sup> \u03c4\u1fc6\u0323\u03c2 \u1f00\u03b2\u0323\u03c1\u03cc\u0323\u03c7\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c5\u0323 \u03b3\u1fc6\u0323[\u03c2 \u03b3]\u03b5\u0323\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 (\u2018If some land becomes uninundated, let Pyrrhos credit to Klados in proportion of the rent of the land that became uninundated\u2019). The rule that became established in the Roman period, however, is the passive voice of \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9, with the rent as the subject and the lessee as the indirect object. BGU III 831.14-16 (201 CE, Soknopaiou Nesos): \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u03ad \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f04\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f22 \u03ba\u03b1|15<\/sup>\u03b8\u02bc \u1f55\u03b4[\u03b1]\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03b8(\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1\u03af) \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4[\u1f78] | 16<\/sup> [\u00a0 \u0323\u00a0 \u0323\u00a0 \u0323] \u1f10\u0323[\u03ba\u03c6]\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (\u2018If some land becomes uninundated or flooded, let the rent be credited to my benefit\u2019). In both cases, the clause states that the deduction is proportional to the area of the uninundated land (\u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd or \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd). A different Ptolemaic formulation is also evident, e.g., in BGU VI 1270.22-23 (191 BCE, Takona): \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f00\u0323\u03b2\u0323[\u03c1\u03cc]\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03b9 \u03b3\u1fc6\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03b9 \u1f51\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb[\u03bf]|23<\/sup>\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9 \u03a3\u03ce\u03c3\u03c9\u03b9 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b3\u1fc6\u03c2 [\u03b5]\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1[\u03b9\u03b1] (\u2018For each piece of land that becomes uninundated, let there be a deduction for that land as the share of the aforementioned rent\u2019). In 2 documents, P.Wisc. I 7.23-28 (259\/60 CE, Oxyrhynchos) and SB XVIII 14001.19-21 (486 CE, Arsinoites), instead of enjoying a deduction from the rent, the lessee is instructed to take active measures. So it is in P.Wisc. I 7.23-28 (259\/60 CE, Oxyrhynchos): \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u03ad \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2, \u1f43 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03b5\u1f34\u03b7, \u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f11\u03be\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c7[\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u1ff3] | 24<\/sup> \u1f04\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u1f10\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bb[\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f41] | 25<\/sup> \u03bc\u0323\u03b5\u0323\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u0323[\u03bf]\u03c2\u0323 \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u0323[\u03b5\u03c2] | 26<\/sup> [\u1f30\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2] \u1f11\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b4\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b9 \u03b4\u03af|27<\/sup>\u03bc\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03b9\u0323\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03bd{\u03b5}\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b2\u03c1\u03cc|28<\/sup>\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u0323 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd (\u2018If, God forbid, in the following period of time some part of the land becomes uninundated, the lessee shall by necessity irrigate at his own cost and expense two-thirds of the land that he would have had to cultivate in case of inundation by the flooding of the Nile, as well as (pay two-thirds) of the rent (which he would have had to pay in the case of inundation by the flooding of the Nile)\u2019).<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Waszy\u0144ski (1905): 131-133; Schnebel (1925): 24-29; Taubenschlag (1955): 361; Herrmann (1958): 161-162; Geginat (1964): 28; July (1966): 31-32; Mayer-Maly (1967): 140-146; Hennig (1972): 118-119; Bonneau (1994): 23-27; Kruse (2002): 233-237.<\/p>\n

abroch.<\/strong>: \u1f04\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 akrodry.<\/strong>: \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f00\u03b2\u03c1\u1f79\u03c7\u03c9\u03b9 \u1f00\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03c1\u03cd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd ;\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 ekphor.<\/strong>: \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 kathhyd.<\/strong>: \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03c5\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 paradech.<\/strong>: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 prosdech.<\/strong>: \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

BGU II<\/strong> 640.12-14 (185, SokN) [abroch., kathhyd.; paradech.]; III<\/strong> 831.14-16 (201, SokN) [abroch., kathhyd.; paradech.: ekphor.]; VI<\/strong> 1268.11-13 (IIIsA<\/sup>, UP) [abroch.; prosdech.]; 1270.20-21 (191A<\/sup>, Takona) [abroch.(GA); \u1f51\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9]; X<\/strong> 1943.8-9 (215\/423A<\/sup>, Tholt) [abroch.; prosdech.]; 1951.2-3 (221A<\/sup>-205A<\/sup>, OxN) [abroch.*; prosdech.]; XIX<\/strong> 2813.2-4 (V\/VI, Herm) [\u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03bc\u03bd\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b7, \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2]; CPR I<\/strong>\u00a0239.9-11 (212, SokN) [abroch., kathhyd.; paradech.: ekphor.]; XVIIb<\/strong> 6.9-10 (184\/5, Panop); 39.6 (217\/8, Panopolis); P.Amh. II<\/strong> 85.14-17 (78, Herm) [abroch. et al.; paradech.]; 86.13-14 (78, Herm) [abroch., paradech.]; P.Bas. II<\/strong> 53.18 (VIm<\/sup>, Herm) [abroch., \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03bc\u03b9]; P.Flor.<\/strong> III<\/strong> 368r.12-15 (96, Herm) [abroch. et al.; paradech.]; P.Fouad<\/strong> I 43.36-38 (189\/90, Phoboou) [abroch.; paradech.]; P.Frankf.<\/strong> 1.13-15 (213A<\/sup>, Tholt) [abroch.; paradech.: ekphor.]; P.Freib. III<\/strong> 21.8-9; 22.10 (178A<\/sup>, Phil) ?; 25.11 (178A<\/sup>, Phil) ?; 34.11 (173A<\/sup>, Phil) [abroch.*(GA); ed.: \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9 \u0398\u03b5\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f14[\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1;]; P.Harr.<\/strong> I<\/strong> 80.27-28 (249, OxN) [abroch.; paradech.]; P.Horak<\/strong> 8.8-9 (VI, HermN) [abroch. (dat.); \u1f00\u03bb\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9]; P.Iand.<\/strong> III<\/strong> 28.20 (104, Thead) [paradech.]; P.Lond. II<\/strong> 350.11-13 (212, SokN) [abroch., kathhyd.; paradech.: ekphor.]; P.Messeri <\/strong>30.12-15 (212, SokN) [abroch., kathhyd.; paradech.: ekphor.]; P.Michael.<\/strong> 43.9-11 (526, Aphr) [abroch.]; P.Oxf. <\/strong>16.10 (VI\/VII, HermN) [abroch.(dat.); \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5]; P.Oxy.<\/strong> I<\/strong> 101.24-26 (142, Ox) [abroch; paradech.]; III<\/strong> 501.27-30 (186, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; VI<\/strong> 910.26-28 (197, Pekerke\/Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; VIII<\/strong> 1125.10-12 (II, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; X<\/strong> 1279.22-24 (139, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; XIV<\/strong> 1689.24-26 (266, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; XVIII<\/strong> 2189.22-25 (219, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; XXXI<\/strong> 2584.16-17 (211, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; XXXIII<\/strong> 2676.41-43 (151, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; XXXVIII<\/strong> 2874.33-35 (108, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; XLIX<\/strong> 3489.20-22 (72\/3, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.: ekphor.]; L<\/strong> 3589.11-12 (II, OxN) [abroch.; paradech.]; 3591.27-30 (219, OxN) [abroch.; paradech.]; 3592.21-24 (218-261?, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; LVII<\/strong> 3911.42-44 (199, Pimpasi) [abroch.; paradech.]; LXVII<\/strong> 4595.20-23 (261, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; LXIX<\/strong> 4739.12-13 (127, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; 4745.25-27 (202, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; LXXI<\/strong> 4827.21-23 (173\/4, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; LXXXII<\/strong> 5326.12-13 (437\/8, Ox); P.Oxy.Hels. <\/strong>41.27-29 (223\/4, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; P.Ryl.<\/strong> IV<\/strong> 601.15-16 (26a, PtolEu) [akrodry.]; P.Soter.<\/strong> 3.36-37? (89\/90, Thead) [akrodry.]; P.Tebt.<\/strong> I<\/strong> 106.18-20 (101A<\/sup>, PtolEu) [abroch.; \u1f51\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9]; II<\/strong> 374.19-21 (131, Teb) [abroch.; paradech.]; P.Trier<\/strong> I<\/strong> 12.17-18 (179A<\/sup>, HerakN) [abroch.; \u1f51\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9]; P.Wisc.<\/strong> I<\/strong> 7.23-28 (259\/60, Ox) [abroch.; unique]; P.Yale<\/strong> I<\/strong> 51.17-18 (184A<\/sup>, Kerkesoucha) [abroch.; \u1f51\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9]; PSI<\/strong> X<\/strong> 1098.12-14 (51A<\/sup>, Teb) [abroch.; \u1f51\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9]; SB VI<\/strong> 8976.16-17 (after 28.11.105A<\/sup>, SokN) [abroch., kathhyd.; paradech.: ekphor.]; X<\/strong> 10263.17-19 (204, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; 10533.16-20 (171, UP) [abroch.(v); paradech.]; XII<\/strong> 11061.9-11 (218A<\/sup>, Tholt) [abroch.; prosdech.]; XIV<\/strong> 11281.22-24 (172, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; XVI<\/strong> 13017.12-14 (24A<\/sup>, SokN) ?; XVIII<\/strong> 14001.19-21 (486, ArsN) [abrochia; irrigation]; XX<\/strong> 14338.3-5 (120, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; 14464.18-21 (II, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; 14983.10-12 (II, Ox) [abroch.; paradech.]; 14984.7-9 (140-210, OxN) [abroch.; paradech.]; SPP V<\/strong> 119r II ll. 21-23 ? (266, Herm) [abrochia; \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f10\u03bd\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u1fc7\u03b4\u03b5 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03b1\u1f31\u03c1\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9]; 119r.7.22-24 (266, Herm); 119r.8.9-10 (266, Herm) [abroch.; irrigation].<\/p>\n

39.\u00a0 Land Lost due to Inundation<\/h2>\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

This clause is attested just once, in the Byzantine SB XXII 15729.29-36 (635 CE, Arsinoiton Polis): \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u1fc7 | 30<\/sup> \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03c9\u03b8\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f51\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f55\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 | 31<\/sup> \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f21\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 (\u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2) \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u1fd6\u03be\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fd6\u03bd (read \u1f21\u03bc\u1fd6\u03bd) \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b5\u1f36\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 | 32<\/sup> \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f76\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u03c3\u03c9\u03b8\u1ff6\u03c3\u03b9 | 33<\/sup> \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f55\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u1fc7 \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba \u03bb\u03b9\u03b2\u1f78\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb(\u1ff6\u03bd) | 34<\/sup> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u1fb6 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f65\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 | 35<\/sup>\u00a0\u1f21\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 (l.<\/em> \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2) \u03c0\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u1f51\u03bc\u0323\u1fd6\u03bd (l.<\/em> \u1f21\u03bc\u0323\u1fd6\u03bd) \u03c4\u1f70 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1[\u03b1] \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc(\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1) | 36<\/sup>\u00a0\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f10\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03c2. (\u2018and if it happens that said arouras<\/em> are destroyed by inundation, you shall point them out to us and they shall be free from taxes and, on the other hand, if they are saved from inundation and if it happens that the arouras<\/em> to the west and east and north of these [arouras<\/em>] will be sown, you shall again pay us the same four nomismatia<\/em> yearly as rent\u2019. (transl.: Sijpesteijn (1994): 279).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

40. Additional Land<\/h2>\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

This clause discusses the possibility that, as a result of measurement, the lessor will find more land than that stated in the document and set the rent for this land at eight wheat artabae<\/em> per aroura. It is recorded in only one contract, with three copies. Cf., e.g., P.Frank. 2.56-60 (scr.ext.) (215\/4 BCE, Tholthis): [\u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323]\u03c9\u03bc\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 | 57<\/sup> [ \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u03b5\u1f55\u03c1\u1fc3 \u0395]\u1f54\u0323\u03c0\u0323\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03c9 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd\u0323 [\u03b5]\u1f34\u0323[\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5]|58<\/sup>[\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd] \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u00a0\u0323[ \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323 \u00a0\u0323] \u00a0\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c5\u0323\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03ad[\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd, \u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03ad\u03c3]|59<\/sup>[\u03b8\u03c9]\u03c3\u0323\u03b1\u0323\u03bd\u0323 \u0395\u0323\u1f50\u0323\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u0323 \u1f11\u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u0323\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0[\u03c5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd] | 60<\/sup>\u00a0\u1f00\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f40\u0323\u03ba\u0323\u03c4\u1f7c \u27e6\u03c7\u0323\u03c9\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u1f76\u0323\u03c2\u0323 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u27e7 \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03c3\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u0323[\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9] \u2018And if, as a consequence of land measurement, Eupolis finds more land than the twenty-two arouras<\/em> and this share has been sown, let a rent of eight wheat-artabae,<\/em> seeds included, be paid to Eupolis for each aroura<\/em>\u2019.<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Herrmann (1958): 164; July (1966): 31.<\/p>\n

BGU VI <\/strong>1263.13-16 (215\/4A<\/sup>, Tholt) [with additional copies in BGU VI<\/strong> 1264.13-15 and P.Frankf.<\/strong> 2.15-19 (scr.int.), 56-60 (scr.ext.)].<\/p>\n

\n

41. Gon\u00ea<\/em><\/h2>\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

In the rare genre of animal leases, the status of offspring born during the term of the lease is discussed in three documents. The term \u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03ae, used to denote offspring in various contexts (e.g., P.Oxy. I 74.20: 166 CE, Oxyrhynchos: declaration of newly born livestock), is employed here as well. In one case, P.Princ. III 151.14-17 (341 CE, Ibion), a lessee who has to replace cows which have died during the term of the lease (see \u2018athanatos<\/em><\/a>\u2019<\/em>) is entitled to the offspring: \u1f10\u03c0\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f43\u0323 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03b3\u0323\u03af\u03bd\u0323\u03b7|14<\/sup>\u03c4\u03bf (l<\/em>. \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9|\u03c4\u03bf) \u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba\u03b2\u1fc7 \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bc\u1f72 | 15<\/sup> \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u0323\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd, \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b4\u1f72 \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd | 16<\/sup> \u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f54\u03c3\u03b7\u0323\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03b1[\u1f50]\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd [\u03ba]\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03c1[\u03ad]\u03c8\u0323[\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2] | 17<\/sup> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u0323[\u03c2 \u1f10]\u03c0\u0323\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (‘If, may it never happen, death occurs, let me, the lessee, bear the consequences and let their offspring fall to the share of the same lessee, as also their nourishing and all type of care\u2019). The same connection is made in P.Sakaon 71.21-23 (306 CE, Theadelphia): \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd\u0323 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b1\u1f30\u03b3[\u1ff6]\u03bd\u0323 \u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd [\u03ba\u03b1]\u1f76 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2 (l<\/em>. \u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2) | 22<\/sup>\u00a0\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03ba\u03b5\u03b4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76, \u1f43 [\u03bc]\u1f74 \u03b5\u1f34\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf (l<\/em>. \u03b5\u1f34\u03b7), \u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af[\u03b1\u03c2] \u03ba\u0323\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bf[\u03bd]\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f10[\u03bc\u1f72] \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9|23<\/sup>\u03c3\u03b8\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd. (\u2018The procreation of the sheep and goats, their pasture, green fodder, juniper resin, and (God forbid!) death, as well as the care of provisioning for their offspring, resting upon me, the lessee\u2019) (transl.: P.Sakaon, p. 176). A shorter version of the same text is used in P.Lond. V 1833.7-9 (IV CE, Unknown Provenance).<\/p>\n

\n

42. Surplus<\/h2>\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

In P.Yadin 21.18-21 (130 CE, Maoza), recording a purchase of fruit, the purchaser\/lessee is entitled to collect surplus: \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b5\u1f34 \u03c4\u03b9 \u1f02\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5|19<\/sup>\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u1fc7 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03c6\u03bf\u03af\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 | 20<\/sup>\u00a0\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03c8\u03c9\u03bc\u03b5 (l<\/em>. \u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9) \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bc\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03c4\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bd|21<\/sup>\u03b1\u03bb\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd (\u2018If there is any surplus in relation to the aforementioned fruit, I shall take dates for myself in return for scything and expenses\u2019). The same provision is incorporated into P.Yadin 22.25-28 (130 CE, Maoza), which reports the same contract from the viewpoint of the vendor\/lessor. Note the similarities to the sharecropping clause.<\/p>\n

\n

43. Illness<\/h2>\n

Category: Remuneration<\/p>\n

Link to Synallagma<\/a><\/p>\n

In one apprenticeship contract, P.Oxy. XXXVIII 2875.21-28 (IIIe<\/sup> CE, Oxyrhynchos), the prospects of the apprentice\u2019s illness are taken into consideration. In such an event, the apprentice will stay with and be attended to by the master. He will then remain with the master for a time equivalent to that of the illness without remuneration. \u1f10\u03c0\u1f70\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u1f43 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03b5\u1f34\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u1fc7 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50|22<\/sup>\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u1f00\u0323\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9, \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u0323\u03c1\u1f70 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b1\u0323\u1f50|23<\/sup>\u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4[\u03ac]\u03c4[\u1fc3] \u1f10\u0323\u03c0\u0323\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u0323\u03b5\u0323\u03bd\u0323\u03bf\u0323\u03c2\u0323 \u1f51\u03c0\u0323\u02bc \u03b1\u1f50\u0323\u03c4\u0323\u03bf\u1fe6\u0323 | 24<\/sup> [\u03ba]\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f67\u03bd \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd \u1f00\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u1fc3 \u1f21\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd | 25<\/sup>\u00a0\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 [\u1f34]\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u1fc3 | 26 <\/sup>\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u1f76\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b1\u03ba\u03b1|27<\/sup>\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u1f50\u0323[\u03c4\u1f78]\u03bd \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c0\u0323\u03c1\u0323\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5|28<\/sup>\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03cc\u03bd (\u2018In case, may it not be, he should happen to be sick during the said period, he will stay with the said overseer, being cared for by him, and for as many days as he is off work with illness he shall remain an equal number with the overseer after his term, without pay, because he is taking the aforementioned pay which does not allow for time off (?).\u2019 (transl.: editio princeps<\/em>, p. 100).<\/p>\n

Bibl.: Westermann (1914): 303; Zambon (1935): 61-65; Bergamasco (1995): 160; Herrmann (1957-1958): 130; Bagnall (1968): 135-139; Perdicoyianni-Paleologou (1999): 165-166.<\/p>\n

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